G. Sashibhushan Rao inaugurates the two-day national conference ‘Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in NEP 2020: Issues, Concerns, and Challenges’ in Visakhapatnam

Oxford : Printed for the Roxburgh Club by Charles Batey at the University Press, MCMXLVIII [1948]

Aradhita Parasrampuria’s innovation sees bioluminescent algae in luxury jewellery and fashion

Today, on his 91st birthday, it is obvious that Kishore Kumar will forever win the hearts of people of all generations

Customisation is a key aspect of OnTrac’s design philosophy. Users can personalise their headphones with customisable outer caps and ear cushions available in a range of colours and finishes

However, the pause option can be used only within that day

CAR T-cell therapy works wonders for some cancer patients. For others, it is a death sentence. To make the revolutionary therapy work for more people, scientists must devise better ways to control it

The start-up, based on the work of Broad Institute scientist Aviv Regev, has raised $65 million to develop therapies for cancer and autoimmune disease

Engineering two organic molecules for better compatibility boosts the conversion efficiency of polymer solar cells to 14.2%

Cell-penetrating assembly uncages hormone, turning on gene circuit

A new report from the Cancer Research Institute highlights the U.S. and China as cell therapy leaders

Combination of microfluidics and a nanosensor achieves label-free detection of cytokines from individual cells

Combination of microfluidics and a nanosensor achieves label-free detection of cytokines from individual cells

Rapid improvements in the stability and efficiency of perovskite-silicon tandem cells are raising commercial hopes

Dodecahedral ‘silicages’ could carry drugs or diagnostic agents

Additive facilitates numerous pharmaceutically relevant reactions through unknown mechanism

Computer simulations provide mechanistic details that could help researchers replace costly platinum in fuel cells

Iron from hemoglobin initiates radical reaction

Study finds macrophages talk to sensory nerves to elicit chronic pain caused by nerve damage

Particles adsorbed on cells accumulate in the first organ downstream from injection site

Study finds macrophages talk to sensory nerves to elicit chronic pain caused by nerve damage

Technology is a step on the path to on-demand manufacturing of biologics

Company: Jesseena Marine Services Private Limited
Experience: 4 to 7
location: Saudi Arabia
Ref: 24828815
Summary: Job Description : Vacancy for one of the Reputed Ministry of Defense -Military Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Criteria: - BSc / Post BSc Nursing from Govt. approved college through regular medium - 4 years experience....

Company: Jesseena Marine Services Private Limited
Experience: 3 to 5
location: Saudi Arabia
Ref: 24828613
Summary: Job Description : Vacancy for one of the Reputed Ministry of Defense -Military Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Criteria: - BSc / Post BSc Nursing from Govt. approved college through regular medium - minimum 3-5 years of ....

Company: Jesseena Marine Services Private Limited
Experience: 4 to 5
location: Saudi Arabia
Ref: 24828612
Summary: Job Description : Vacancy for one of the Reputed Ministry of Defense -Military Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Criteria: - BSc / Post BSc Nursing from Govt. approved college through regular medium - minimum 3-5 years of ....

Lewis Library - ML418.P266 H39 2018

Extracytoplasmic sugar decoration of glycopolymer components of the bacterial cell wall contributes to their structural diversity. Typically, the molecular mechanism that underpins such a decoration process involves a three-component glycosylation system (TGS) represented by an undecaprenyl-phosphate (Und-P) sugar-activating glycosyltransferase (Und-P GT), a flippase, and a polytopic glycosyltransferase (PolM GT) dedicated to attaching sugar residues to a specific glycopolymer. Here, using bioinformatic analyses, CRISPR-assisted recombineering, structural analysis of cell wall–associated polysaccharides (CWPS) through MALDI-TOF MS and methylation analysis, we report on three such systems in the bacterium Lactococcus lactis. On the basis of sequence similarities, we first identified three gene pairs, csdAB, csdCD, and csdEF, each encoding an Und-P GT and a PolM GT, as potential TGS component candidates. Our experimental results show that csdAB and csdCD are involved in Glc side-chain addition on the CWPS components rhamnan and polysaccharide pellicle (PSP), respectively, whereas csdEF plays a role in galactosylation of lipoteichoic acid (LTA). We also identified a potential flippase encoded in the L. lactis genome (llnz_02975, cflA) and confirmed that it participates in the glycosylation of the three cell wall glycopolymers rhamnan, PSP, and LTA, thus indicating that its function is shared by the three TGSs. Finally, we observed that glucosylation of both rhamnan and PSP can increase resistance to bacteriophage predation and that LTA galactosylation alters L. lactis resistance to bacteriocin.

Prevention of aberrant cutaneous wound repair and appropriate regeneration of an intact and functional integument require the coordinated timing of fibroblast and keratinocyte migration. Here, we identified a mechanism whereby opposing cell-specific motogenic functions of a multifunctional intracellular and extracellular protein, the receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM), coordinates fibroblast and keratinocyte migration speed and ensures appropriate timing of excisional wound closure. We found that, unlike in WT mice, in Rhamm-null mice, keratinocyte migration initiates prematurely in the excisional wounds, resulting in wounds that have re-surfaced before the formation of normal granulation tissue, leading to a defective epidermal architecture. We also noted aberrant keratinocyte and fibroblast migration in the Rhamm-null mice, indicating that RHAMM suppresses keratinocyte motility but increases fibroblast motility. This cell context–dependent effect resulted from cell-specific regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation and expression of a RHAMM target gene encoding matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9). In fibroblasts, RHAMM promoted ERK1/2 activation and MMP-9 expression, whereas in keratinocytes, RHAMM suppressed these activities. In keratinocytes, loss of RHAMM function or expression promoted epidermal growth factor receptor–regulated MMP-9 expression via ERK1/2, which resulted in cleavage of the ectodomain of the RHAMM partner protein CD44 and thereby increased keratinocyte motility. These results identify RHAMM as a key factor that integrates the timing of wound repair by controlling cell migration.

Inter-α-inhibitor is a proteoglycan essential for mammalian reproduction and also plays a less well-characterized role in inflammation. It comprises two homologous “heavy chains” (HC1 and HC2) covalently attached to chondroitin sulfate on the bikunin core protein. Before ovulation, HCs are transferred onto the polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) to form covalent HC·HA complexes, thereby stabilizing an extracellular matrix around the oocyte required for fertilization. Additionally, such complexes form during inflammatory processes and mediate leukocyte adhesion in the synovial fluids of arthritis patients and protect against sepsis. Here using X-ray crystallography, we show that human HC1 has a structure similar to integrin β-chains, with a von Willebrand factor A domain containing a functional metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS) and an associated hybrid domain. A comparison of the WT protein and a variant with an impaired MIDAS (but otherwise structurally identical) by small-angle X-ray scattering and analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that HC1 self-associates in a cation-dependent manner, providing a mechanism for HC·HA cross-linking and matrix stabilization. Surprisingly, unlike integrins, HC1 interacted with RGD-containing ligands, such as fibronectin, vitronectin, and the latency-associated peptides of transforming growth factor β, in a MIDAS/cation-independent manner. However, HC1 utilizes its MIDAS motif to bind to and inhibit the cleavage of complement C3, and small-angle X-ray scattering–based modeling indicates that this occurs through the inhibition of the alternative pathway C3 convertase. These findings provide detailed structural and functional insights into HC1 as a regulator of innate immunity and further elucidate the role of HC·HA complexes in inflammation and ovulation.

β-Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) hydrolyzes glucosylceramide (GlcCer) to generate ceramide. Previously, we demonstrated that lysosomal GBA1 and nonlysosomal GBA2 possess not only GlcCer hydrolase activity, but also transglucosylation activity to transfer the glucose residue from GlcCer to cholesterol to form β-cholesterylglucoside (β-GlcChol) in vitro. β-GlcChol is a member of sterylglycosides present in diverse species. How GBA1 and GBA2 mediate β-GlcChol metabolism in the brain is unknown. Here, we purified and characterized sterylglycosides from rodent and fish brains. Although glucose is thought to be the sole carbohydrate component of sterylglycosides in vertebrates, structural analysis of rat brain sterylglycosides revealed the presence of galactosylated cholesterol (β-GalChol), in addition to β-GlcChol. Analyses of brain tissues from GBA2-deficient mice and GBA1- and/or GBA2-deficient Japanese rice fish (Oryzias latipes) revealed that GBA1 and GBA2 are responsible for β-GlcChol degradation and formation, respectively, and that both GBA1 and GBA2 are responsible for β-GalChol formation. Liquid chromatography–tandem MS revealed that β-GlcChol and β-GalChol are present throughout development from embryo to adult in the mouse brain. We found that β-GalChol expression depends on galactosylceramide (GalCer), and developmental onset of β-GalChol biosynthesis appeared to be during myelination. We also found that β-GlcChol and β-GalChol are secreted from neurons and glial cells in association with exosomes. In vitro enzyme assays confirmed that GBA1 and GBA2 have transgalactosylation activity to transfer the galactose residue from GalCer to cholesterol to form β-GalChol. This is the first report of the existence of β-GalChol in vertebrates and how β-GlcChol and β-GalChol are formed in the brain.