co

First Packaging-Free, Zero-Waste Grocery Store In US Coming To Austin, Texas

It's gotten harder and harder over the years to avoid excess packaging when shopping for everyday items, but plans are in the works for a store in Austin (also the home of Whole Foods) that will specialize in local and organic




co

It's time to bring back Home Economics class

There are many benefits to offering an updated version of home economics at school.




co

Whole Foods becomes 1st national grocer in US to ban plastic straws

In addition to straws, the market is further reducing plastic use across all of its stores in the US, the UK, and Canada.




co

5 ways to build community with food

Cooking for others and eating together bring people together like nothing else.




co

Canada's Conservative leader blasts food guide for 'bias' against dairy

"Chocolate milk saved my son's life," Andrew Scheer said. So he has promised to rewrite the dietary guidelines if elected this fall.




co

7 ways to welcome winter wildlife into your yard

Little things, like leaving brush piles and unraked leaves, can provide shelter to animals in a harsh season.




co

Why don't people understand winter coats?

Humans and indoor heating didn't appear on Earth at the same time.




co

What’s the relationship between education, income, and favoring the Pakistani Taliban?


The narratives on U.S. development aid to Pakistan—as well as Pakistan’s own development policy discussion—frequently invoke the conventional wisdom that more education and better economic opportunities result in lower extremism. In the debate surrounding the Kerry-Lugar-Berman bill in 2009, for instance, the late Ambassador Richard Holbrooke urged Congress to “target the economic and social roots of extremism in western Pakistan with more economic aid.”

But evidence across various contexts, including in Pakistan, has not supported this notion (see Alan Kreuger’s What Makes a Terrorist for a good overview of this evidence). We know that many terrorists are educated. And lack of education and economic opportunities do not appear to drive support for terrorism and terrorist groups. I have argued that we need to focus on the quality and content of the educational curricula—in Pakistan’s case, they are rife with biases and intolerance, and designed to foster an exclusionary identity—to understand the relationship between education and attitudes toward extremism.

My latest analysis with data from the March 2013 Pew Global Attitudes poll conducted in Pakistan sheds new light on the relationship between years of education and Pakistanis’ views of the Taliban, and lends supports to the conventional wisdom. The survey sampled 1,201 respondents throughout Pakistan, except the most insecure areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan. This was a time of mounting terror attacks by the Pakistani Taliban (a few months after their attack on Malala), and came at the tail end of the Pakistan People's Party’s term in power, before the May 2013 general elections.

On attitudes toward the Pakistani Taliban, or Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), 3 percent of respondents to the Pew poll said they had a very favorable view, 13 percent reported somewhat favorable views, while nearly 17 percent and 39 percent answered that they had somewhat unfavorable and very unfavorable views, respectively. A large percentage of respondents (28 percent) chose not to answer the question or said they did not know their views. This is typical with a sensitive survey question such as this one, in a context as insecure as Pakistan.

So overall levels of support for the TTP are low, and the majority of respondents report having unfavorable views. The non-responses could reflect those who have unfavorable views but choose not to respond because of fear, or those who may simply not have an opinion on the Pakistani Taliban.

The first part of my analysis cross-tabulates attitudes toward the TTP with education and income respectively. I look at the distribution of attitudes for each education and income category (with very and somewhat favorable views lumped together as favorable; similarly for unfavorable attitudes).

Figure 1. Pakistani views on the Pakistani Taliban, by education level, 2013

Figure 1 shows that an increasing percentage of respondents report unfavorable views of the Taliban as education levels rise; and there is a decreasing percentage of non-responses at higher education levels (suggesting that more educated people have more confidence in their views, stronger views, or less fear). However, the percentage of respondents with favorable views of the Taliban, hovering between 10-20 percent, is not that different across education levels, and does not vary monotonically with education. 

Figure 2. Pakistani views on the Pakistani Taliban, by income level, 2013

Figure 2 shows views on the Pakistani Taliban by income level. While the percentage of non-responses is highest for the lowest income category, the percentages responding favorably and unfavorably do not change monotonically with income. We see broadly similar distributions of attitudes across the four income levels.

But these cross-tabulations do not account for other factors that may affect attitudes: age, gender, and geographical location. Regressions (not shown here) accounting for these factors in addition to income and education show interesting results: relative to no education, higher education levels are associated with less favorable opinions of the Pakistani Taliban; these results are strongest for those with some university education, which is heartening. This confirms findings from focus groups I conducted with university students in Pakistan in May 2015. Students at public universities engaged in wide ranging political and social debates with each other on Pakistan and its identity, quoted Rousseau and Chomsky, and had more nuanced views on terrorism and the rest of the world relative to high school students I interviewed. This must at least partly be a result of the superior curriculum and variety of materials to which they are exposed at the college level.

My regressions also show that older people have more unfavorable opinions toward the Taliban, relative to younger people; this is concerning and is consistent with the trend toward rising extremist views in Pakistan’s younger population. The problems in Pakistan’s curriculum that began in the 1980s are likely to be at least partly responsible for this trend. Urban respondents seem to have more favorable opinions toward the Taliban than rural respondents; respondents from Punjab and Baluchistan have more favorable opinions toward the Taliban relative to those from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which as a province has had a closer and more direct experience with terror. The regression shows no relationship of income with attitudes, as was suggested by Figure 2.

Overall, the Pew 2013 data show evidence of a positive relationship between more education and lack of support for the Taliban, suggesting that the persisting but increasingly discredited conventional wisdom on these issues may hold some truth after all. These results should be complemented with additional years of data. That is what I will work on next.

Authors

      
 
 




co

Brazil gripped by major political crisis in midst of Covid-19 pandemic

A major political crisis has broken out in Brazil. The Minister of Justice Moro resigned yesterday after president Bolsonaro removed the head of the Federal Police (FP) Valeixo, who had been nominated by Moro. The now former minister of justice has accused Bolsonaro of wanting to appoint a new FP head from whom he could get information in relation to cases involving Bolsonaro's sons, including the assassination of PSOL councillor Marielle Franco.




co

Mercenary incursions against Venezuela: jail the coup plotters!

In this article, our Venezuelan comrades in Lucha de Clases analyse the foiled mercenary incursions into the country, and their links to opposition coup plotters and their imperialist masters. Jail for the those responsible! No more impunity!




co

More details emerge of the mercenary military coup plot in Venezuela

We said from the very beginning that the Venezuelan opposition and the US administration were responsible for the attempted mercenary coup foiled in Venezuela on 3 May. As days go by, more details emerge which confirm that assessment.




co

Can Washington D.C. become the greenest city in the U.S.?

The Sustainable D.C. Act of 2012 lists 32 goals, 31 targets, and more than 140 actions aimed to make Washington D.C. the "greenest city in the U.S."




co

Micro-community of tiny homes flourishes on rehabilitated vacant lot

A group of tiny home owners have converted a formerly vacant lot into a small but vibrant place to demonstrate the possibilities of living happily with less.




co

Plywood homes were lighter and cheaper, and you could build them yourself

Another look back at some great designs for inexpensive homes.




co

Party like it's 1799 in your Colonial Dumb Box

Boxy But Beautiful designs have been around for a long time, and there is a real logic to them.




co

UK wind energy breaks output records. Again.

This is very good news. So much so that it might soon stop being news.




co

UK just went 2+ days without burning any coal

The fall of coal has been swift in Britain, and there's no sign of it ever coming back.




co

Ecotricity launches wind- and solar-powered cell phone network

And profits will go to giving land back to nature.




co

Photo: Red fox shows its true colors

Our photo of the day comes from the vibrant hills of California.




co

These 3 companies are the future of house cleaning

We're loving the move toward quasi-edible ingredients, plastic-free packaging, and refill pouches, among other things.




co

Competition to Find a New Design to Replace the Electrical Pylons

It's an icon that has been part of our lives forever... The electricity pylon was invented, in this design, in the '20's and since then it has been marching across the fields and highways of our mind




co

"Fish Chopper" Animation Shows the Gruesome, Deadly Side of Power Plant Cooling Towers (Video)

The Sierra Club is pointing attention to the once-through cooling systems used by many power plants. Power plants suck up over 200 billion gallons of water a day, and with that water comes millions of fish that don't exactly




co

Smart Grid Comes To The Netherlands

It's no secret that there are vast concerns in major utility companies operating a large smart grid connected to household smart meters that charge consumers a variable rate based on




co

Musician Ben Sollee on the Ravages of Coal and the Wonders of the Bicycle (Podcast)

Among music festivals, Bonnaroo is the juggernaut, and this year is was bigger than ever with 80,000 people descending on Manchester, Tennessee. One of the innumerable artists to preside over the festival's many stages (which included sitting in with My




co

Another Reason We Need the Smart Grid: Record Heat

In case you're still among the set doubting if the smart grid is really necessary, Earth2Tech has a solid post explaining how record heat (something that is going to happen a lot more often, unfortunately) is a prime example of how the smart grid can




co

Citing disruptive solar competition, Barclays downgrades utilities

Environmentalists aren't the only ones considering divestment anymore.




co

Gigafactory schmigafactory: $1BN "stealth" energy storage start-up moves to NC tobacco plant

Many clean tech wonks have never heard of them, but Alevo plans to be manufacturing grid-scale energy storage on a huge scale within the next few years.




co

Italian energy giant to phase out coal, go carbon neutral before 2050

In the future, we'll be buying energy from utilities that look very different than what we are used to.




co

Automated electricity bill payments cause people to consume more energy

A new study says it's a case of out of sight, out of mind, but it has serious consequences.




co

A major U.S. utility company just pledged to go carbon-free for the first time in American history

Are the tables finally starting to turn?




co

Say it with Butterflies - Green Start-Up Grows Monarch Butterflies for Events, Therapy & Conservation

Here is an interesting buisness idea; grow butterflies to let fly at special ocasions and at the same time help the enviornment as well as people with special needs. The project is called Mariposeando (Spanish for something




co

Sweetheart sugar cookies [vegan]

These cookies make a great edible Valentine.




co

Heated glass: Could this be the least sustainable building product ever invented?

You want giant windows but don't like drafts? Plug in your windows and turn them into toasters.




co

Dubious Dubai: World's largest air conditioned city to be built, covering 48 million square feet

It's got everything, from hotels to hospitals to theaters to the world's largest mall, and a severe case of cognitive dissonance.




co

The KiraVan RV looks like it could go to the moon.

RVs are sometimes great models of how one can get a lot of living into small spaces. The Kiravan takes it to a whole new level.




co

Wretched excess comes to the summer kitchen

Cooking outdoors in the summer is the green thing to do, but this is ridiculous.




co

The Coffeeboxx: Wretched excess or clever design?

We hate pods, but love durability. Is there a place for this?




co

Cadbury's Dairy Milk Goes Fairtrade, Next Billion Go To TED, Huff Post on Coal, and More

Cadbury Dairy Milk Fairtrade: Is the future of Fairtrade with big switches by big companies or increasing access to the pioneer brands? "Cadburys says in the FT today that it's not trying to undermine the pioneering 100% Fairtrade companies such as




co

Jewelry and Gems Shine Eco-Brighter with Brilliant Earth

Is your soon-to-be fiancé eco-chic? As you're getting ready to pop the question and thinking forward to your green




co

TranquiliT Adds Something Green to Your Wedding With Eco-Friendly Bridal Gowns

TranquiliT may be better known for its downward-dog-friendly garb, but the erstwhile yoga-wear label is now rocking the frock, matrimonial style. Outfit the femmes of your bridal party—bride, bridesmaids, and flower girls—in 95 percent organic bamboo




co

Green Your Wedding! Low Cost, Zero-Waste, Eco-Conscious Options

The average wedding in the USA costs $20,000. Yikes! In this economy, that's not just insane; it's silly.




co

Win an Eco-Friendly, Solar-Powered Wedding

Want an eco-friendly wedding?? Afraid of the sticker shock for all of those organic, free-range doves merrily flying away after your vows? Not sure you can beat the millions of other people vying for a Today Show




co

Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something...Green? Ritz-Carlton, Charlotte Delivers Eco-Friendly Weddings

As more eco-conscious couples take their walk down the aisle, a growing green wedding industry has responded in kind. Enter "Something Green," a new service introduced by The Ritz-Carlton, Charlotte. "We are constantly looking for




co

Couple to Wed Thanks to 400,000 Recycled Cans

After Pete Geyer and Andrea Parrish became engaged, they decided to say "I can" before saying "I do," and in more ways than one. The couple worked to make their wedding not just a celebration of the love they have for each other, but




co

British couple has a zero waste wedding feast

Charlotte and Nick Baker managed to feed 135 guests on rejected food that was delivered one day before the wedding.




co

4 ways to have a more eco-friendly wedding

A few strategic decisions can greatly reduce the environmental impact of your Big Day.




co

Larch Corner is a Passivhaus wooden wonder that shows how we should be thinking about carbon

Mark Siddall of LEAP measures and calculates everything, thinks about it, and then calculates it again.




co

UNEP & TreeHugger Launch Blogging Contest for World Environment Day

Once again, we're proud to partner with the United Nations Environment Programme to help fight food waste and bring attention to World Environment Day.




co

Vote now for World Environment Day Blogging Contest!

Did you know that 50% of food produced is wasted? It is true, but thankfully, the United Nations Environment Program and TreeHugger are helping shine a light on this problem with our fourth annual World Environment Day Blogging Competition.




co

Winner announced in World Environment Day blogging contest

Charles Immanuel Akhimien, a Nigerian doctor and writer, will report from WED host country Mongolia.