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Some Questions On The Future Of The Coronavirus Vaccine, Answered

Scientists work tirelessly to find a coronavirus vaccine. But there are some questions to answer: How soon a viable vaccine would be developed? Would billions of people worldwide be able to to get it?




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What Happened Today: Health Care System Crumbles, Testing Questions

Marc Lipsitch, a professor of epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health, answers questions about access to testing for COVID-19, false-negative results and the challenges of mass testing.




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SBI Clerk Prelims Exam Analysis 2020 (1 March & 22-29 Feb-All Shifts): Questions Asked, Difficulty Level

SBI Clerk Prelims Exam Analysis & Review 2020 is shared here for all days and all shifts. Check here the detailed analysis and review of the SBI Clerk Prelims 2020 exam held on 22nd February, 29th February and 1st March 2020. Know questions asked and their difficulty level. 




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LitFest organisers answer questions posted by the Indian Express readers




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Send us your questions to former ISRO chief Madhavan Nair guest at Idea Exchange

The father of India's moon mission will be our guest at the Idea Exchange on February 6, Monday. Grounded by the government for his alleged role in a scandal-tainted sale of rare radio frequency, former ISRO chief G Madhavan Nair surely has an arduous fight ahead. And his story to tell. We request our readers to send in questions they would like to ask Madhavan Nair. Is there anything in the probe reports of the Antrix-Devas deal? Will he be exonerated? Is he a victim? Controversy a slap on my face: G Madhavan Nair




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Idea Exchange with Naina Lal Kidwai: Send us your questions

Naina Lal Kidwai, Group General Manager and Country Head of HSBC India, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on March 23. Send us your questions for her here.




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Idea Exchange with Montek Singh Ahluwalia: Send us your questions

Montek Singh Ahluwalia, Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Tuesday, March 20 at 4 pm. Send us your questions for him here.




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Idea Exchange with Ram Gopal Yadav: Send us your questions

Ram Gopal Yadav, senior Samajwadi Party leader, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Tuesday, March 27 at 3.45pm. Yadav is party supremo's Mulayam Singh Yadav's cousin. Send us your questions for him here.




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Idea Exchange with Sriprakash Jaiswal: Send us your questions

Sriprakash Jaiswal, Union Minister for Coal, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on April 2, 2012. Send us your questions for him here. Check out the reactions from Facebook:




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Idea Exchange with S Y Quraishi, Chief Election Commissioner: Send us your questions

S Y Quraishi, Chief Election Commissioner, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on April 12. Send us your questions for him here.




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Idea Exchange with Manohar Parrikar: Send us your questions

The Chief Minister of Goa, Manohar Parrikar, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Tuesday, April 17.




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Idea Exchange with Mohamed Nasheed: Send us your questions

Mohamed Nasheed, the first democratically elected president of Maldives who was ousted from power earlier this year, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Thursday.




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Idea Exchange with Salman Khurshid: Send us your questions

Law Minister Salman Khurshid will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Tuesday.




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Idea Exchange with Sitaram Yechury: Send us your questions

CPI (M) leader Sitaram Yechury will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Friday, May 4. Reactions on Facebook and Twitter




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Idea Exchange with Alon Ushpiz: Send us your questions

Israel's Ambassador to India, Alon Ushpiz, will be our guest at Idea Exchange. Ask your questions for him here.




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Idea Exchange with Mushirul Hasan: Send us your questions

Mushirul Hasan, Director General, National Archives and the author of 2 books on cartoons in India, will be our guest at Idea Exchange. Send us your questions for the internationally known historian, author and ex-Vice-Chancellor of Jamia Millia Islamia University at Delhi.




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Idea Exchange with PA Sangma: Send us your questions

Presidential aspirant P A Sangma, who was also a former Speaker of the Lok Sabha, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Friday, May 25. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Gautam Gambhir: Send us your questions

Cricketer Gautam Gambhir, who recently led his team Kolkata Knight Riders to victory in IPL season 5, will be our guest at The Idea Exchange on Saturday, June 9. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Baba Ramdev: Send us your questions

Baba Ramdev will be our guest at The Idea Exchange, an interactive session organised by The Indian Express. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Kapil Sibal: Send us your questions

Union HRD and Telecom Minister Kapil Sibal will be our guest at Idea Exchange, an interactive session organised by the Indian Express. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Virbhadra Singh: Send us your questions

Former Union Minister, Virbhadra Singh will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Friday June 29, at 3.45 pm. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Kuldip Nayar: Send us your questions

Journalist Kuldip Nayar, whose autobiography has just been published, will be our guest on Monday, July 9. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Sir James David Bevan: Send us your questions

British High Commissioner to India Sir James David Bevan, who recently received Queen's birthday honour for Diplomatic Service And Overseas honours, will be our guest on Tuesday, July 10. Send us your questions for him. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Jaswant Singh: Send us your questions

Senior BJP Leader and NDA's Vice-President candidate Jaswant Singh is our guest at the Idea Exchange today. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Digvijay Singh: Send us your questions

Senior Congress leader Digvijay Singh will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Tuesday. Send us your questions.




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Idea Exchange with Arun Jaitley: Send us your questions

Arun Jaitely, senior BJP politician and leader of the opposition in the Rajya Sabha will be our guest at Idea Exchange. Send us your questions.




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Idea Exchange with Pakistan High Commissioner to India Salman Bashir: Send us your questions

Salman Bashir, Pakistan High Commissioner to India, will be our guest at Idea Exchange. Send us your questions.




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Idea Exchange with Gagan Narang: Send us your questions

Shooting ace Gagan Narang, bronze medallist at the 2012 Olympic Games in London, will be our guest at Idea Exchange. Send us your questions.




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Idea Exchange with Sitaram Yechury: Send us your questions

CPI M leader Sitaram Yechury will be our guest at the Idea Exchange on Thursday. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Veerappa Moily: Send us your questions

Veerappa Moily, Union Minister for Corporate Affairs and Power, will be our guest at the Idea Exchange. Please send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Joon-gyu Lee: Send us your questions

Joon-gyu Lee, South Korea's Ambassador to India, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Thursday, October 4, 2012. Please send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with KG Balakrishnan: Send us your questions

NHRC Chairperson, Justice KG Balakrishnan will be our guest at Idea Exchange on October 11. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Preneet Kaur: Send us you questions

Idea Exchange with Minister of State for External Affairs Preneet Kaur




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Idea Exchange with Nitin Gadkari: Send us your questions

BJP President Nitin Gadkari will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Monday. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Ashwani Kumar: Send us your questions

Union Law Minister Ashwani Kumar will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Thursday, November 1. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Satyanand Mishra: Send us your questions

Chief Information Commissioner Satyanand Mishra is our guest at Idea Exchange. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Irina Bokova: Send us your questions

UNESCO Director General Irina Bokova will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Monday, November 12 at 2.15 pm. Send us your questions for her.




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Idea Exchange with Kapil Sibal: Send us your questions

Kapil Sibal, Minister of Communications and Information Technology, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Tuesday, December 18 at 12.15 pm. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Jitendra Singh: Send us your questions

Jitendra Singh, Minister of State for Youth Affairs and Sports, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Wednesday, January 9 at 12.15 pm. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Salman Bashir: Send us your questions

Pakistan High Commissioner to India, Salman Bashir, will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Tuesday, January 22 at 2.45pm. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Justice J S Verma: Send us your questions

Justice J S Verma will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Tuesday, January 29 at 12.15 pm. Send us your questions for him.




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Idea Exchange with Delhi Chief Minister Sheila Dikshit: Send us your questions

Delhi Chief Minister Sheila Dikshit will be our guest at Idea Exchange on Wednesday, February 13 at 1 pm. Send us your questions for him.




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The World Bank steps up on fragility and conflict: Is it asking the right questions?

At the beginning of this century, about one in four of the world's extreme poor lived in fragile and conflict affected situations (FCS). By the end of this year, FCS will be home to the majority of the world's extreme poor. Increasingly, we live in a "two-speed world." This is the key finding of a…

       




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What does “agriculture” mean today? Assessing old questions with new evidence.


One of global society’s foremost structural changes underway is its rapid aggregate shift from farmbased to city-based economies. More than half of humanity now lives in urban areas, and more than two-thirds of the world’s economies have a majority of their population living in urban settings. Much of the gradual movement from rural to urban areas is driven by long-term forces of economic progress. But one corresponding downside is that city-based societies become increasingly disconnected—certainly physically, and likely psychologically—from the practicalities of rural livelihoods, especially agriculture, the crucial economic sector that provides food to fuel humanity.

The nature of agriculture is especially important when considering the tantalizingly imminent prospect of eliminating extreme poverty within a generation. The majority of the world’s extremely poor people still live in rural areas, where farming is likely to play a central role in boosting average incomes. Agriculture is similarly important when considering environmental challenges like protecting biodiversity and tackling climate change. For example, agriculture and shifts in land use are responsible for roughly a quarter of greenhouse gas emissions.

As a single word, the concept of “agriculture” encompasses a remarkably diverse set of circumstances. It can be defined very simply, as at dictionary.com, as “the science or occupation of cultivating land and rearing crops and livestock.” But underneath that definition lies a vast array of landscape ecologies and climates in which different types of plant and animal species can grow. Focusing solely on crop species, each plant grows within a particular set of respective conditions. Some plants provide food—such as grains, fruits, or vegetables—that people or livestock can consume directly for metabolic energy. Other plants provide stimulants or medication that humans consume—such as coffee or Artemisia—but have no caloric value. Still others provide physical materials—like cotton or rubber—that provide valuable inputs to physical manufacturing.

One of the primary reasons why agriculture’s diversity is so important to understand is that it defines the possibilities, and limits, for the diffusion of relevant technologies. Some crops, like wheat, grow only in temperate areas, so relevant advances in breeding or plant productivity might be relatively easy to diffuse across similar agro-ecological environments but will not naturally transfer to tropical environments, where most of the world’s poor reside. Conversely, for example, rice originates in lowland tropical areas and it has historically been relatively easy to adopt farming technologies from one rice-growing region to another. But, again, its diffusion is limited by geography and climate. Meanwhile maize can grow in both temperate and tropical areas, but its unique germinating properties render it difficult to transfer seed technologies across geographies.

Given the centrality of agriculture in many crucial global challenges, including the internationally agreed Sustainable Development Goals recently established for 2030, it is worth unpacking the topic empirically to describe what the term actually means today. This short paper does so with a focus on developing country crops, answering five basic questions: 

1. What types of crops does each country grow? 

2. Which cereals are most prominent in each country? 

3. Which non-cereal crops are most prominent in each country? 

4. How common are “cash crops” in each country? 

5. How has area harvested been changing recently? 

Readers should note that the following assessments of crop prominence are measured by area harvested, and therefore do not capture each crop’s underlying level of productivity or overarching importance within an economy. For example, a local cereal crop might be worth only $200 per ton of output in a country, but average yields might vary across a spectrum from around 1 to 6 tons per hectare (or even higher). Meanwhile, an export-oriented cash crop like coffee might be worth $2,000 per ton, with potential yields ranging from roughly half a ton to 3 or more tons per hectare. Thus the extent of area harvested forms only one of many variables required for a thorough understanding of local agricultural systems. 

The underlying analysis for this paper was originally conducted for a related book chapter on “Agriculture’s role in ending extreme poverty” (McArthur, 2015). That chapter addresses similar questions for a subset of 61 countries still estimated to be struggling with extreme poverty challenges as of 2011. Here we present data for a broader set of 140 developing countries. All tables are also available online for download.

Downloads

Authors

     
 
 




questions

COVID-19 and climate: Your questions, our answers 

The year 2020 was always going to be critical for climate change, but the coronavirus pandemic dramatically altered the picture in some respects. Earlier this week, Brookings hosted a virtual event on COVID-19 and climate change, moderated by Samantha Gross, and featuring Brookings Senior Fellow Todd Stern, Ingrid-Gabriela Hoven of the German Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), Stéphane Hallegatte of the World Bank, and Pablo Vieira of…

       




questions

The World Bank steps up on fragility and conflict: Is it asking the right questions?

At the beginning of this century, about one in four of the world's extreme poor lived in fragile and conflict affected situations (FCS). By the end of this year, FCS will be home to the majority of the world's extreme poor. Increasingly, we live in a "two-speed world." This is the key finding of a…

       




questions

What does “agriculture” mean today? Assessing old questions with new evidence.


One of global society’s foremost structural changes underway is its rapid aggregate shift from farmbased to city-based economies. More than half of humanity now lives in urban areas, and more than two-thirds of the world’s economies have a majority of their population living in urban settings. Much of the gradual movement from rural to urban areas is driven by long-term forces of economic progress. But one corresponding downside is that city-based societies become increasingly disconnected—certainly physically, and likely psychologically—from the practicalities of rural livelihoods, especially agriculture, the crucial economic sector that provides food to fuel humanity.

The nature of agriculture is especially important when considering the tantalizingly imminent prospect of eliminating extreme poverty within a generation. The majority of the world’s extremely poor people still live in rural areas, where farming is likely to play a central role in boosting average incomes. Agriculture is similarly important when considering environmental challenges like protecting biodiversity and tackling climate change. For example, agriculture and shifts in land use are responsible for roughly a quarter of greenhouse gas emissions.

As a single word, the concept of “agriculture” encompasses a remarkably diverse set of circumstances. It can be defined very simply, as at dictionary.com, as “the science or occupation of cultivating land and rearing crops and livestock.” But underneath that definition lies a vast array of landscape ecologies and climates in which different types of plant and animal species can grow. Focusing solely on crop species, each plant grows within a particular set of respective conditions. Some plants provide food—such as grains, fruits, or vegetables—that people or livestock can consume directly for metabolic energy. Other plants provide stimulants or medication that humans consume—such as coffee or Artemisia—but have no caloric value. Still others provide physical materials—like cotton or rubber—that provide valuable inputs to physical manufacturing.

One of the primary reasons why agriculture’s diversity is so important to understand is that it defines the possibilities, and limits, for the diffusion of relevant technologies. Some crops, like wheat, grow only in temperate areas, so relevant advances in breeding or plant productivity might be relatively easy to diffuse across similar agro-ecological environments but will not naturally transfer to tropical environments, where most of the world’s poor reside. Conversely, for example, rice originates in lowland tropical areas and it has historically been relatively easy to adopt farming technologies from one rice-growing region to another. But, again, its diffusion is limited by geography and climate. Meanwhile maize can grow in both temperate and tropical areas, but its unique germinating properties render it difficult to transfer seed technologies across geographies.

Given the centrality of agriculture in many crucial global challenges, including the internationally agreed Sustainable Development Goals recently established for 2030, it is worth unpacking the topic empirically to describe what the term actually means today. This short paper does so with a focus on developing country crops, answering five basic questions: 

1. What types of crops does each country grow? 

2. Which cereals are most prominent in each country? 

3. Which non-cereal crops are most prominent in each country? 

4. How common are “cash crops” in each country? 

5. How has area harvested been changing recently? 

Readers should note that the following assessments of crop prominence are measured by area harvested, and therefore do not capture each crop’s underlying level of productivity or overarching importance within an economy. For example, a local cereal crop might be worth only $200 per ton of output in a country, but average yields might vary across a spectrum from around 1 to 6 tons per hectare (or even higher). Meanwhile, an export-oriented cash crop like coffee might be worth $2,000 per ton, with potential yields ranging from roughly half a ton to 3 or more tons per hectare. Thus the extent of area harvested forms only one of many variables required for a thorough understanding of local agricultural systems. 

The underlying analysis for this paper was originally conducted for a related book chapter on “Agriculture’s role in ending extreme poverty” (McArthur, 2015). That chapter addresses similar questions for a subset of 61 countries still estimated to be struggling with extreme poverty challenges as of 2011. Here we present data for a broader set of 140 developing countries. All tables are also available online for download.

Downloads

Authors

      
 
 




questions

Huawei arrest raises thorny questions of law enforcement and foreign policy

       




questions

COVID-19 and climate: Your questions, our answers 

The year 2020 was always going to be critical for climate change, but the coronavirus pandemic dramatically altered the picture in some respects. Earlier this week, Brookings hosted a virtual event on COVID-19 and climate change, moderated by Samantha Gross, and featuring Brookings Senior Fellow Todd Stern, Ingrid-Gabriela Hoven of the German Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), Stéphane Hallegatte of the World Bank, and Pablo Vieira of…

       




questions

The World Bank steps up on fragility and conflict: Is it asking the right questions?

At the beginning of this century, about one in four of the world's extreme poor lived in fragile and conflict affected situations (FCS). By the end of this year, FCS will be home to the majority of the world's extreme poor. Increasingly, we live in a "two-speed world." This is the key finding of a…