On 19 October 2012, the OECD Committee on Fiscal Affairs released for public comment a revised discussion draft on tax treaty issues related to emissions permits and credits. The OECD has now published the comments received on this revised discussion draft.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Gambia thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Gambia as reported by major credit rating agencies.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Burundi thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Burundi as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) requesting loans between 2007 and 2010 faced higher interest rates than for large companies. Loan conditions for SMEs included shortened maturities and increased demands for collateral, suggesting that banks considered smaller firms to be a higher risk.

Lending volumes and credit conditions for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have gradually improved, according to a new report from the OECD, but demand-side obstacles such as a lack of financial knowledge are contributing to holding back a stronger recovery.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Portugal stands at BBB with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Portugal was last set at Baa3 with positive outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Portugal was last reported at BBB with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Portugal is BBB (high) with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Portugal thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Portugal as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Ukraine stands at B with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Ukraine was last set at Caa1 with positive outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Ukraine was last reported at B with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Ukraine thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Ukraine as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for South Africa stands at BB- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for South Africa was last set at Ba1 with negative outlook. Fitch's credit rating for South Africa was last reported at BB with negative outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of South Africa thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for South Africa as reported by major credit rating agencies.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Myanmar thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Myanmar as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Uruguay stands at BBB with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Uruguay was last set at Baa2 with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Uruguay was last reported at BBB- with negative outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Uruguay is BBB (low) with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Uruguay thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Uruguay as reported by major credit rating agencies.

This article presents a brief overview of current financing difficulties for SMEs and policy measures to support SME lending during the crisis, and presents a literature review related to difficulties in SME’s access to finance during the crisis, against a background of a sharp decline in bank profitability and an erosion of bank capital that negatively affected lending.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are fundamental for inclusive growth and jobs, but they need to broaden their sources of finance in order to reduce their vulnerability to volatile credit market developments, according to two new OECD reports.

This report examines the approaches adopted in 23 OECD and EU countries for evaluating the performance and cost-effectiveness of publicly supported credit guarantee programmes for SMEs.

21/11/2018 - The OECD is currently updating its 1977 Recommendation on Consumer Protection in the field of Consumer Credit to ensure that it remains the relevant international standard. The draft text is available for public comment until 21 December 2018.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Nepal thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Nepal as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Morocco stands at BBB- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Morocco was last set at Ba1 with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Morocco was last reported at BBB- with negative outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Morocco thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Morocco as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Mexico stands at BBB with negative outlook. Moody's credit rating for Mexico was last set at Baa1 with negative outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Mexico was last reported at BBB- with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Mexico is BBB with negative outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Mexico thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Mexico as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Luxembourg stands at AAA with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Luxembourg was last set at Aaa with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Luxembourg was last reported at AAA with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Luxembourg is AAA with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Luxembourg thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Luxembourg as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for France stands at AA with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for France was last set at Aa2 with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for France was last reported at AA with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for France is AAA with negative outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of France thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for France as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for China stands at A+ with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for China was last set at A1 with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for China was last reported at A+ with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for China is A (high) with negative outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of China thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for China as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Canada stands at AAA with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Canada was last set at Aaa with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Canada was last reported at AAA with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Canada is AAA with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Canada thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Canada as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Andorra stands at BBB with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Andorra was last reported at BBB+ with stable outlook. This page provides - Andorra Credit Rating- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Angola stands at CCC+ with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Angola was last set at B3 with under review outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Angola was last reported at B- with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Angola thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Angola as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Australia stands at AAA with negative outlook. Moody's credit rating for Australia was last set at Aaa with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Australia was last reported at AAA with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Australia is AAA with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Australia thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Australia as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Iraq stands at B- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Iraq was last set at Caa1 with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Iraq was last reported at B- with negative outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Iraq thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Iraq as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Rwanda stands at B+ with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Rwanda was last set at B2 with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Rwanda was last reported at B+ with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Rwanda thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Rwanda as reported by major credit rating agencies.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Brunei thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Brunei as reported by major credit rating agencies.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Malawi thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Malawi as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Isle of Man stands at N/A with n/a outlook. Moody's credit rating for Isle of Man was last set at Aa2 with negative outlook. This page provides - Isle Of Man Credit Rating- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Moody's credit rating for Mali was last set at B3 with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Mali thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Mali as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Greece stands at BB- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Greece was last set at B1 with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Greece was last reported at BB with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Greece is BB (low) with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Greece thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Greece as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Cyprus stands at BBB- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Cyprus was last set at Ba2 with positive outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Cyprus was last reported at BBB- with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Cyprus is BBB (low) with positive outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Cyprus thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Cyprus as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Under the Universal Credit reform, the main means-tested benefits except the Council Tax Benefit will be pooled into one single benefit with one single taper rate. The reform will give people better incentives to work, reduce complexity and contribute to reducing poverty.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are fundamental for inclusive growth and jobs, but they need to broaden their sources of finance in order to reduce their vulnerability to volatile credit market developments, according to two new OECD reports.

In Finland, as elsewhere, income taxation and the withdrawal of benefits reduce the pay-off for individuals who go from benefits to work.

Company: Confidential
Experience: 9 to 12
location: Other International
Ref: 24827782
Summary: • Possessing extensive knowledge/ experience of/with Financial Risk models, model-related policies and regulations

Investment treaties are intended to offer foreign investors protection for their investments from host government conduct in violation of the treaty. This report examines how many investment treaties, as interpreted, have generated rules that can disrupt fundamental principles of corporate governance and corporate finance.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Algeria thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Algeria as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Fitch Ratings changed on Tuesday 5 May 2020 Brazil’s sovereign credit rating outlook to negative from stable and affirmed the debt grade at BB-, citing as main trigger behind the revision the deterioration of Brazil's economic and fiscal outlook, and downside risks to both given renewed political uncertainty, including tensions between the executive and congress, and uncertainty over the duration and intensity of the coronavirus pandemic. Standard & Poor's credit rating for Brazil stands at BB- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Brazil was last set at Ba2 with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Brazil is BB (low) with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Brazil thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Brazil as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Bulgaria stands at BBB with positive outlook. Moody's credit rating for Bulgaria was last set at Baa2 with positive outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Bulgaria was last reported at BBB with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Bulgaria thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Bulgaria as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Germany stands at AAA with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Germany was last set at Aaa with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Germany was last reported at AAA with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Germany is AAA with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Germany thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Germany as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Ireland stands at AA- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Ireland was last set at A2 with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Ireland was last reported at A+ with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Ireland is A (high) with positive outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Ireland thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Ireland as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Poland stands at A- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Poland was last set at A2 with stable outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Poland was last reported at A- with stable outlook. DBRS's credit rating for Poland is A with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Poland thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Poland as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Gabon stands at N/A with n/a outlook. Moody's credit rating for Gabon was last set at Caa1 with positive outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Gabon was last reported at CCC with n/a outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Gabon thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Gabon as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Loans To Private Sector in Colombia increased to 89.78 COP Billion in October from 89.57 COP Billion in September of 2016. Loans To Private Sector in Colombia averaged -74.29 COP Billion from 1993 until 2016, reaching an all time high of 1426.67 COP Billion in February of 2014 and a record low of -2108.10 COP Billion in September of 1993. Loans To Private Sector in Colombia is reported by the Banco de la Republica, Colombia. . This page provides - Colombia Loans To Private Sector- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Moody's credit rating for Maldives was last set at B2 with negative outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Maldives was last reported at B with negative outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Maldives thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Maldives as reported by major credit rating agencies.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Afghanistan thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Afghanistan as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Romania stands at BBB- with negative outlook. Moody's credit rating for Romania was last set at Baa3 with negative outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Romania was last reported at BBB- with negative outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Romania thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Romania as reported by major credit rating agencies.

The benchmark interest rate in Croatia was last recorded at 2.50 percent. Interest Rate in Croatia averaged 80.62 percent from 1992 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 4290.85 percent in September of 1993 and a record low of 2.50 percent in October of 2015. In Croatia, interest rate decisions are taken by the Croatian National Bank. The main interest rate is the Overnight Credit Rate. The Croatian National Bank administers benchmark interest rates for loans and discounts separately. This page provides the latest reported value for - Croatia Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Croatia stands at BBB- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for Croatia was last set at Ba2 with positive outlook. Fitch's credit rating for Croatia was last reported at BBB- with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Croatia thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Croatia as reported by major credit rating agencies.