An investigation into the attitudes of Canadian soil-remediation experts has shown that they tend to prefer conventional remediation methods over phytoremediation — which relies on plants to clean soils — despite evidence that the latter can have advantages. The researchers behind the study highlight that this ‘status-quo bias’ poses a barrier to the uptake of novel technologies such as phytoremediation, and that scientists may need to find different ways of disseminating evidence to increase the use of new techniques among practitioners.

Biodegradable waste, or bio-waste, from urban areas is being used to produce a bio-based material to replace plastic — this is relevant to the sustainable development of a circular economy (CE), which requires the innovative use of waste materials. Understanding public attitudes to such materials, and the drivers influencing their uptake, is key to their viability. This study explores how consumers respond to products made from regenerated bio-waste.

In exclusive and exceptionally irrigated Rancho Santa Fe, residents now face water rationing.

Brighter Living with Jill Cordes: Learn how your resource consumption is affecting the Earth.

In recent years, the Forest Service and the public have placed increasing priority on making sure that management of public lands takes into account the needs of nearby communities, regional residents, national residents, and even members of the public who may not currently visit public lands.

This study considered three aspects of residential wood energy use in Alaska: current conditions and fuel consumption, knowledge and attitudes, and future use and conditions. We found that heating oil was the primary fuel for home heating in southeast and interior Alaska, whereas natural gas was used most often in south-central Alaska (Anchorage). Firewood heating played a much more important role as a secondary (vs. primary) heating source in all regions of Alaska. In interior Alaska, there was a somewhat greater interest in the use of wood energy compared to other regions. Likewise, consumption of fossil fuels was considerably greater in interior Alaska.

A new study from Yale University and Oregon Health and Science University looks at how doctor’s prejudices toward LGBT patients change during medical school.

Rather than Michelle Payne's 2015 win being the game-changing moment it seemed, female jockeys still beg for the crumbs from the tables of owners and trainers who remain dubious about their capabilities, writes Richard Hinds.

The voices of young country women and their experiences of intimate partner violence are being heard, but wider campaigns to address the crisis may not be.

Josh Meredith lives with Down syndrome and is helping change community attitudes towards disability in the workplace.

A national survey of more than 800 tradies shows for the second consecutive year that they are more likely to take better care of their tools than their physical or mental health.

This is a paper produced as part of the PROP2 (Practitioner Research: Outcomes and Partnership) programme, a partnership between the Centre for Research on Families and Relationships (CRFR) at the University of Edinburgh and Iriss that was about health and social care in Scotland. This paper was written by Geraldine Ditta from Alzheimer Scotland who participated in the PROP2 programme. People living with dementia are at risk of becoming socially isolated and disconnected from their local communities. Reactions from others on being told someone has dementia can have a significant impact on the person with dementia’s sense of self. This study sought to explore the perceptions of people with dementia in relation to attitudes within their communities and how they subsequently respond. Semi-structured interviews were carried out to examine how they feel about their lives with dementia.

Soren E. Skovlund
Jul 1, 2005; 18:136-142
Lifestyle and Behavior

In this article, I share my two final case studies, which examine changing our cultural attitudes to enhance productivity. Case study #5 – The role of punctuality An entrepreneur named Michael Fairbanks, who specialises in developing...

Martha M. Funnell
Jan 1, 2015; 33:32-36
Translating Research to Practice

By Emily Reynolds. Study finds viewers had slightly more negative perceptions of people with mental illness after seeing the movie.

The retention and use of residual bloodspots is a practice of many state newborn screening programs. This practice has become controversial, and little is known about public attitudes on the retention and research use of newborn residual bloodspots.

This study offers a detailed analysis of public attitudes regarding bloodspot retention and use for biomedical research. The results also offer insights on how education regarding this practice influences support for newborn screening and residual bloodspot use. (Read the full article)

Implementing expanded vaccination recommendations has challenged primary care providers, who administer the majority of vaccines in the United States. School-located vaccination has been proposed as a means of increasing vaccination rates while reducing the burden on primary care providers.

This study assesses physicians’ support for their patients’ receipt of vaccines in school. Additionally, it compares physicians’ support for adolescent versus influenza vaccination and compares support by insurance status of their patient. (Read the full article)

Detained youth represent a vulnerable pediatric population with worse health outcomes than their nondetained peers. To date, little work has been done to determine whether health information technologies may be effectively used to improve the health of this underserved population.

The Internet is accessible to youth involved in the juvenile justice system. A securely accessible online system to store detained youth’s health information may be both feasible and acceptable for engaging these adolescents more actively in their health care. (Read the full article)

Pediatric specialists are increasingly involved in prenatal care, particularly for congenital fetal conditions. Questions remain about pediatricians’ role in the management of maternal conditions that may affect postnatal health, and the attitudes of obstetric and pediatric specialists around such care.

Obstetric and pediatric specialists’ attitudes differ substantially regarding pediatricians’ role in providing consultation for maternal conditions that may affect a child’s health postnatally, and regarding whether court authorization may be appropriate when a woman refuses certain treatment recommendations. (Read the full article)

Previous studies have revealed misconceptions among pediatric patients, their families, and athletic coaches surrounding concussion. Little is known about pediatric primary care and emergency medicine providers’ attitudes and beliefs about diagnosis and management of this mild traumatic brain injury.

Although pediatric primary care and emergency medicine providers regularly care for concussion patients and value their role in management, they may not have adequate training or infrastructure to systematically diagnose and manage these patients. (Read the full article)

Health care professionals face problems managing obesity and often fail to follow guidelines for its management in practice. Only a few single-country reports are available describing delivery of primary care to children with obesity.

Nearly all primary pediatric care providers from 4 European countries recognize the importance of obesity in pediatric practice, but only half use BMI clinically, and many lack the confidence and the infrastructure needed for providing care to patients with obesity. (Read the full article)

We previously reported that parents of children enrolled in genomic research made more restrictive data sharing (DS) decisions than adults. The ethics of pediatric DS have been discussed, but reasons for differences in decision-making have not been explored.

We present an empirically based discussion of attitudes toward and preferences for DS obtained from structured interviews of adult patients and parents of pediatric patients enrolled in genomic research studies. Parents expressed more concern about future risks than adult participants. (Read the full article)

To mark World Menopause Day on 18 October, the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) has published guidance to help employers and managers support staff who are affected by the menopause at work. The guidance includes an overvie...

Interprofessional education (IPE) is based on collaborative practices that increase the occasions for communication among those in various health professions. However, there is a paucity of literature about the effectiveness of IPE programs in health professions education. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to objectively assess the literature on the effectiveness of IPE in improving health professions students’ attitudes after training. The major scholarly databases were searched for relevant IPE studies involving predoctoral health professions students. Two independent researchers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of the studies. Meta-analyses of the outcomes were performed using random effects models. Sixteen articles were ultimately selected for detailed review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that IPE training had a significant influence on students’ understanding of collaboration and resulted in better attitudes about interprofessional teamwork. Subscale analysis showed that one subscale score (roles and responsibilities) did not statistically significantly improve after IPE training (p=0.06), whereas the other four subscale items showed statistically significant improvements (p<0.01). The test for overall effects showed that IPE training had a significantly positive influence on students’ attitudes about IPE (Z=6.85, p<0.01). Subgroup results showed that medical students had more positive attitudes about IPE than did dental students. Regardless of profession, women students responded with significantly more positive feedback than did men students (p=0.02). These results suggest that intervention through IPE training has had positive effects in health professions education. Gender was an important factor impacting the outcomes of IPE. However, further clinical practice interventions may be helpful to enhance the IPE competence of health professions students.

Purpose: Untreated and poorly controlled diabetes causes increased levels of blood glucose associated with poor periodontal disease outcomes. Dental hygienists can play a significant role in screening patients for diabetes mellitus, leading to referral and early diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers faced by clinical dental hygienists regarding diabetes risk assessment and screenings.Methods: A mixed method design was used with a convenience sample of dental hygienists in clinical practice (n=316). A 32 item, electronic survey was validated at item-level, and participants were recruited through multiple dental hygiene Facebook groups. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The survey also included two open-ended attitude questions that were interpreted using thematic analysis to pinpoint common patterns within the data.Results: Dental hygienists had high knowledge scores regarding diabetes and oral health, although many were unaware of their states' specific statutes and regulations for screening practices. Nearly all (95.9%), were likely to educate and refer patients (82%), although fewer than half (40.9%), were likely to perform chairside screening for diabetes. Emergent themes for barriers to screening were time, money, patient acceptance/willingness, lack of education, not having the proper tools, and states' rules and regulations.Conclusion: Despite high knowledge scores regarding diabetes and oral health, there is a gap in regards to dental hygienists' willingness to perform diabetes screenings in a clinical setting. Dental hygienists should be capable of integrating chairside diabetes screening practices into the process of care with proper training.

Background

Advances in information communications technology (ICT) provide opportunities for enhanced diabetes care. Knowledge of the more acceptable communication modalities in patients of different ages will help to inform the direction of future innovations.

The manufacturing sector in United States continues to play a significant role in our nation’s economic life, creating valuable jobs at a time when the economy is undergoing major changes. In the face of rising automation, rapidly evolving technology, and an ongoing trade war, debates surrounding the manufacturing industry, its workforce, and its economic effects…

The manufacturing industry has been a significant part of the U.S. economy for decades, but it now faces critical challenges with the emergence of automation and other technologies. Recently, Governance Studies at Brookings hosted the eighth annual John Hazen White Forum on Public Policy to discuss the future of manufacturing, as well as a new…

In the latest example of how tough life can be for would-be women cyclists around the world, the new police chief of the Iranian city of Esfahan has decreed it a crime for women to ride a bike

The Estée Edit by Estee Lauder brand video with Guest Editors Kendall Jenner and Irene Kim

The Estée Edit by Estee Lauder brand video with Guest Editors Kendall Jenner and Irene Kim

Many studies on household energy efficiency investments suggest that a wide range of seemingly profitable investments are not taken up. This paper provides novel evidence on the main factors behind consumer choices using the OECD Survey on Household Environmental Behaviour and Attitudes.

PATRICK COLLINS, CHIEF SPORTS WRITER: Football managers won't ever voice contemptuous sentiments about their fans, but sometimes their faces reveal their private thoughts.

Why would the Government of India deny a job to an individual who carries a mutation in the DNA? There is prejudice in the Indian society against individual perceived as "sexual anomalies". Vaijayanti Gupta initiates an educational discussion on the biology of sex and sexual orientations.

The network theory of attitudes is a simple idea that has profound implications, if true. This is the theory that when two people hold the same attitude, they are linked together as a result, like two people holding strings to the same balloon. When different people are holding the same bunch of attitudes, they are grouped together and different groups are distinguishable by the different sets of attitudes they are holding.

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Ottawa, Ontario : Women and Gender Equality Canada = Femmes et égalité des genres Canada, 2019

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Interview with Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD, author of Attitudes and Practices of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the United States, Canada, and Europe