Schwarz, Walter, 1930-

Bertness, Mark D., 1949-

Nielsen, Larry A., 1948- author

Cook, Hadrian F., author

Probert, P. Keith, author

Sverdrup, Keith A., author

Messer, Kent D., author

Earll, Robert, author

Clavijo, Katherine, author

Safari Books Online, the leading on-demand digital library for technology, digital media and business professionals, today announced that it was named a winner in the Software & Information Industry Association's 27th Annual CODiE Awards.

Online Resource

Online Resource

Online Resource

Benko, Andrew, 1980- author

Copenhaver, Adam, author

Carnley, Peter, author

This is an experiment that creates social media icons using CSS and semantic HTML. It uses progressive enhancement to turn an unordered list of text links into a set of icons without the use of images or JavaScript.

Demo: Pure CSS social media icons

Support: Firefox 3.5+, Safari 4+, Chrome 4+, Opera 10+, IE8+.

CSS social media icons

The image below shows you the final appearance in modern browsers.

This experiment starts with a simple list of links, with each link using meaningful text, and then progressively styles each link to take on the appearance of the relevant social media icon. As a result, there should be support for screenreaders or users with CSS disabled.

I’ve also included basic text in the title attribute of each link to provide information for users who may not be familiar with what service a specific icon represents.

This is an experiment that uses CSS 2.1 and CSS3 that is not supported by Internet Explorer 6 and 7, therefore, you shouldn’t expect it to work in those browsers. CSS is not necessarily the most appropriate tool for this kind of thing either.

Example code

The technique I’ve used is much the same as the one used for the Pure CSS speech bubbles.

The HTML is just a basic unordered list of links to various social networking websites or services.

<ul>
   <li class="facebook"><a href="#non" title="Share on Facebook">Facebook</a></li>
   <li class="twitter"><a href="#non" title="Share on Twitter">Twitter</a></li>
   <li class="rss"><a href="#non" title="Subscribe to the RSS feed">RSS</a></li>
   <li class="flickr"><a href="#non" title="Share on Flickr">Flickr</a></li>
   <li class="delicious"><a href="#non" title="Bookmark on Delicious">Delicious</a></li>
   <li class="linkedin"><a href="#non" title="Share on LinkedIn">LinkedIn</a></li>
   <li class="google"><a href="#non" title="Bookmark with Google">Google</a></li>
   <li class="orkut"><a href="#non" title="Share on Orkut">Orkut</a></li>
   <li class="technorati"><a href="#non" title="Add to Technorati">Technorati</a></li>
   <li class="netvibes"><a href="#non" title="Add to NetVibes">NetVibes</a></li>
</ul>

I’ve applied some general styles to the elements that make up this list.

ul {
   list-style:none;
   padding:0;
   margin:0;
   overflow:hidden;
   font:0.875em/1 Arial, sans-serif;
}

ul li {
   float:left;
   width:66px;
   height:66px;
   margin:20px 20px 0 0;
}

ul li a {
   display:block;
   width:64px;
   height:64px;
   overflow:hidden;
   border:1px solid transparent;
   line-height:64px;
   text-decoration:none;
   /* css3 */
   text-shadow:0 -1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
   -moz-border-radius:5px;
   -webkit-border-radius:5px;
   border-radius:5px; /* standards version last */
}

ul li a:hover,
ul li a:focus,
ul li a:active {
   opacity:0.8;
   border-color:#000;
}

Each icon uses it’s own set of styles. This is the CSS that created the RSS icon.

.rss a {
   position:relative;
   width:60px;
   padding:0 2px;
   border-color:#ea6635;
   text-transform:lowercase;
   text-indent:-186px;
   font-size:64px;
   font-weight:bold;
   color:#fff;
   background:#e36443;

   /* css3 */
   -moz-box-shadow:0 0 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
   -webkit-box-shadow:0 0 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
   box-shadow:0 0 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
   background:-webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#f19242), to(#e36443));
   background:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #f19242, #e36443);
   background:linear-gradient(top, #f19242, #e36443);
}

.rss a:before,
.rss a:after {
   content:"";
   position:absolute;
   bottom:10px;
   left:10px;
}

/* create circle */
.rss a:before {
   width:12px;
   height:12px;
   background:#fff;
   /* css3 */
   -moz-border-radius:12px;
   -webkit-border-radius:12px;
   border-radius:12px;
}

/* create the two arcs */
.rss a:after {
   width:22px;
   height:22px;
   border-style:double;
   border-width:24px 24px 0 0;
   border-color:#fff;
   /* css3 */
   -moz-border-radius:0 50px 0 0;
   -webkit-border-radius:0 50px 0 0;
   border-radius:0 50px 0 0;
}

Acknowledgements

This post was inspired by an experiment on insicdesigns that producing a few social media icons using CSS.

An experiment that uses pseudo-elements to create 84 simple GUI icons using CSS and semantic HTML. Shared as an exercise in creative problem solving and working within constraints. This is not a “production ready” CSS icon set.

Demo: Pure CSS GUI icons

Known support: Firefox 3.5+, Safari 5+, Chrome 5+, Opera 10.6+.

An exercise in constraint

Several months ago I was experimenting with the creation of common GUI icons with CSS. The HTML is very simple and it relies on CSS pseudo-elements rather than extraneous HTML elements. The technical aspects of this exercise might be of interest to others, so I’ve decided to share it.

Pseudo-elements provide many possibilities to developers interested in enhancing existing semantic HTML.

Example code

The technique behind this experiment is an expansion of the basic shape-creation that was used to make Pure CSS speech bubbles. Some of these GUI icons can only be created in browsers that support CSS3 transforms.

The HTML is a basic unordered list of links.

<ul>
  <li class="power"><a href="#non">Power</a></li>
  <li class="play"><a href="#non">Play</a></li>
  <li class="stop"><a href="#non">Stop</a></li>
  <li class="pause"><a href="#non">Pause</a></li>
</ul>

Each icon uses its own set of styles. For example, the key parts of the CSS responsible for the “expand” icon are as follows:

.expand a:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 1px;
  width: 5px;
  height: 0;
  border-width: 7px 7px 0;
  border-style: solid;
  border-color: transparent #c55500;
  margin-top: -4px;
  /* css3 */
  -webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);
  -moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);
  -o-transform: rotate(-45deg);
  transform: rotate(-45deg);
}

.expand a:after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 5px;
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  border-width: 3px 0 0 3px;
  border-style: solid;
  border-color: #c55500;
  margin-top: -6px;
}

.expand a:hover:before,
.expand a:focus:before,
.expand a:active:before {
  border-color: transparent #730800;
}

.expand a:hover:after,
.expand a:focus:after,
.expand a:active:after {
  border-color: #730800;
}

The demo page contains a full set of user interaction and media player control icons, as well as other common icons. For now, several icons actually require more than one element as CSS 2.1 only specifies 2 pseudo-elements per element that can contain generated content. The CSS3 Generated and Replaced Content Module allows for an unlimited number of pseudo-elements but has yet to be fully implemented in any modern browser.

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Rotch Library - K3585.I596 2018