Imports from Estonia in Turkey decreased to 12714.25 USD THO in March from 28410.56 USD THO in February of 2020. Imports from Estonia in Turkey averaged 20762.47 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 57094 USD THO in May of 2015 and a record low of 3921.67 USD THO in August of 2018. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from Estonia.

This note is taken from Chapter 2 of Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2012.

Estonia recovered forcefully from the global economic crisis but growth has since slowed, highlighting the need for further reforms that reduce exposure to external shocks and ensure against future boom/bust cycles, according to the OECD’s latest Economic Survey of Estonia.

Credible and consistent carbon pricing must be the cornerstone of government actions to tackle climate change, according to a new OECD report.

The Secretary-General of the OECD was in Tallinn on 28 January to launch the Economic Survey of Estonia 2015.

The underlying strengths of the Estonian economy have helped it bounce back from the crisis, but some challenges remain to finding a steeper, more inclusive and more sustainable growth path, according to the latest OECD Economic Survey of Estonia.

A UK exit from the EU would immediately hit confidence and raise uncertainty which would result in GDP being 3% lower by 2020, which equates to £ 2200 per household. The OECD states that such costs are already piling up in a new study released today.

Estonia: Policy action is needed for stronger and more inclusive growth

International trade plays an important role in the Estonian economy. Around a half of the private sector employment is sustained by foreign demand, twice as much as the OECD average.

Estonian growth is picking up again strongly in 2017 and the level of activity has finally surpassed its pre-crisis level, almost 10 years after the outset of the financial crisis. However, poverty remains among the highest in the OECD.

Since the crisis, Estonia has experienced one of the most pronounced declines in the ratio of non-residential investment to GDP in the OECD.

Estonia is highly integrated into the global trade system: it exports approximately 80% of GDP and around half of domestic employment is sustained by foreign demand.

This paper investigates the effect of export entry on productivity, employment and wages of Latvian and Estonian firms in the context of global value chain (GVC).

Mr. Angel Gurría, Secretary-General of the OECD, will be in Washington on 6-7 June 2018 to present the 2018 OECD Economic Survey of the United States.While in Washington, the Secretary-General will hold bilateral meetings with several US high level officials.

This report is the first joint OECD Public Governance Review between two countries. The Report discusses challenges in whole-of-government strategy steering and the opportunities of digital government.

Exports (Fob): Primary Prds - Not Carded Or Combed Cotton in Brazil decreased to 141 USD Million in April from 222.92 USD Million in March of 2020. Exports (Fob): Primary Prds - Not Carded Or Combed in Brazil averaged 54.11 USD Million from 1989 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 484.80 USD Million in January of 2020 and a record low of 0 USD Million in September of 1993. This page includes a chart with historical data for Brazil Exports of : Primary Prds - Not Carded Or Co.

Exports of Fabric of Cotton CMLV in Russia increased to 8.40 USD Million in February from 3.30 USD Million in January of 2020. Exports of Fabric of Cotton CMLV in Russia averaged 48.84 USD Million from 2000 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 192.90 USD Million in December of 2004 and a record low of 1.40 USD Million in January of 2015. Russia accounts for Exports of Fabric of Cotton using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for Russia Exports of Fabric of Cotton CMLV.

Exports to Estonia CMLV in Russia increased to 285 USD Million in February from 137.10 USD Million in January of 2020. Exports to Estonia CMLV in Russia averaged 1267.45 USD Million from 2006 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 4024.30 USD Million in December of 2013 and a record low of 36 USD Million in January of 2010. Russia accounts for Exports to Estonia using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for Russia Exports to Estonia.

Imports Intra Eu - Stone, Plaster, Cement, Mica & Similar Matl. in the United Kingdom decreased to 67.84 GBP Million in February from 77.62 GBP Million in January of 2020. Imports Intra Eu - Stone, Plaster, Cement, Mica & in the United Kingdom averaged 46.42 GBP Million from 1996 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 102.34 GBP Million in February of 2019 and a record low of 16.22 GBP Million in August of 1996. This page includes a chart with historical data for the United Kingdom Imports of Intra EU - Stone, Plaster, Cement, Mic.

Imports Intra Eu - Pearls, Precious Stones & Metals & Coins in the United Kingdom increased to 650.53 GBP Million in February from 462.17 GBP Million in January of 2020. Imports Intra Eu - Pearls, Precious Stones & Metal in the United Kingdom averaged 261.23 GBP Million from 2000 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 972.37 GBP Million in September of 2019 and a record low of 37.69 GBP Million in August of 2002. This page includes a chart with historical data for the United Kingdom Imports of Intra EU - Pearls, Precious Stones & M.

Imports - Stone, Plaster, Cement, Mica & Similar Materials in the United Kingdom decreased to 109.44 GBP Million in February from 132.42 GBP Million in January of 2020. Imports - Stone, Plaster, Cement, Mica & Similar M in the United Kingdom averaged 79.09 GBP Million from 2000 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 150.46 GBP Million in February of 2019 and a record low of 32.71 GBP Million in January of 2000. This page includes a chart with historical data for the United Kingdom Imports of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Mica & Similar.

Home Ownership Rate in Estonia increased to 82.40 percent in 2018 from 81.80 percent in 2017. Home Ownership Rate in Estonia averaged 83.96 percent from 2006 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 88.90 percent in 2008 and a record low of 81.10 percent in 2013. This page provides the latest reported value for - Estonia Home Ownership Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Estonia scored 70.91 points out of 100 on the 2018 Global Competitiveness Report published by the World Economic Forum. Competitiveness Index in Estonia averaged 19.94 Points from 2007 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 70.91 Points in 2019 and a record low of 4.56 Points in 2010. The most recent 2018 edition of Global Competitiveness Report assesses 140 economies. The report is made up of 98 variables, from a combination of data from international organizations as well as from the World Economic Forum’s Executive Opinion Survey. The variables are organized into twelve pillars with the most important including: institutions; infrastructure; ICT adoption; macroeconomic stability; health; skills; product market; labour market; financial system; market size; business dynamism; and innovation capability. The GCI varies between 1 and 100, higher average score means higher degree of competitiveness. With the 2018 edition, the World Economic Forum introduced a new methodology, aiming to integrate the notion of the 4th Industrial Revolution into the definition of competitiveness. It emphasizes the role of human capital, innovation, resilience and agility, as not only drivers but also defining features of economic success in the 4th Industrial Revolution. This page provides the latest reported value for - Estonia Competitiveness Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The Social Security Rate For Employees in Estonia stands at 3.60 percent. Social Security Rate For Employees in Estonia averaged 1.88 percent from 2002 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 3.60 percent in 2018 and a record low of 0.60 percent in 2006. In Estonia, the Social Security Rate is a tax related with labor income charged to both companies and employees. Revenues from the Social Security Rate For Employees are an important source of income for the government of Estonia because they help to pay for many social programs including welfare, health care and many other benefits. This page provides - Estonia Social Security Rate For Employees - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

IP Addresses in Tonga decreased to 422 IP in the first quarter of 2017 from 522 IP in the fourth quarter of 2016. IP Addresses in Tonga averaged 1111.72 IP from 2007 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 2402 IP in the fourth quarter of 2014 and a record low of 189 IP in the fourth quarter of 2015. This page includes a chart with historical data for TongaIP Addresses.

Temperature in Tonga increased to 21.88 celsius in August from 21.83 celsius in July of 2013. Temperature in Tonga averaged 23.24 celsius from 1867 until 2013, reaching an all time high of 27.39 celsius in February of 2004 and a record low of 19.30 celsius in September of 1885. This page includes a chart with historical data for Tonga Temperature.

Tonga scored 31 points out of 100 on the 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index reported by Transparency International. Corruption Index in Tonga averaged 26.40 Points from 2007 until 2011, reaching an all time high of 31 Points in 2011 and a record low of 17 Points in 2007. Corruption Index in Tonga is reported by the Transparency International. The Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries and territories based on how corrupt their public sector is perceived to be. A country or territory’s score indicates the perceived level of public sector corruption on a scale of 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean). This page provides the latest reported value for - Tonga Corruption Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Tonga is the 95 least corrupt nation out of 175 countries, according to the 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index reported by Transparency International. Corruption Rank in Tonga averaged 121.60 from 2007 until 2011, reaching an all time high of 175 in 2007 and a record low of 95 in 2011. The Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries and territories based on how corrupt their public sector is perceived to be. A country or territory's rank indicates its position relative to the other countries and territories in the index. This page provides the latest reported value for - Tonga Corruption Rank - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The Gross Domestic Product per capita in Tonga was last recorded at 5696.20 US dollars in 2018, when adjusted by purchasing power parity (PPP). The GDP per Capita, in Tonga, when adjusted by Purchasing Power Parity is equivalent to 32 percent of the world's average. GDP Per Capita Ppp in Tonga averaged 4733.80 USD from 1990 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 5746 USD in 2017 and a record low of 3577.40 USD in 1990. The GDP per capita PPP is obtained by dividing the country’s gross domestic product, adjusted by purchasing power parity, by the total population. This page provides - Tonga GDP Per Capita PPP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Deposit Interest Rate in Tonga decreased to 2.84 percent in 2018 from 3.02 percent in 2017. Deposit Interest Rate in Tonga averaged 5.28 percent from 1980 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 7.25 percent in 1990 and a record low of 2.82 percent in 2013. The Deposit Interest Rate is the average rate paid by commercial banks to individuals or corporations on deposits. This page includes a chart with historical data for Deposit Interest Rate in Tonga.

Tonga is ranked 103 among 190 economies in the ease of doing business, according to the latest World Bank annual ratings. The rank of Tonga deteriorated to 103 in 2019 from 91 in 2018. Ease of Doing Business in Tonga averaged 71.08 from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 103 in 2019 and a record low of 46 in 2008. The Ease of doing business index ranks countries against each other based on how the regulatory environment is conducive to business operationstronger protections of property rights. Economies with a high rank (1 to 20) have simpler and more friendly regulations for businesses. This page includes a chart with historical data for Ease of Doing Business in Tonga.

The Sales Tax Rate in Tonga stands at 15 percent. Sales Tax Rate in Tonga averaged 13.57 percent from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 15 percent in 2015 and a record low of 5 percent in 2014. In Tonga, the sales tax rate is a tax charged to consumers based on the purchase price of certain goods and services. The benchmark we use for the sales tax rate refers to the highest rate. Revenues from the Sales Tax Rate are an important source of income for the government of Tonga. This page provides - Tonga Sales Tax Rate | VAT - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The Corporate Tax Rate in Tonga stands at 25 percent. In Tonga, the Corporate Income tax rate is a tax collected from companies. Its amount is based on the net income companies obtain while exercising their business activity, normally during one business year. The benchmark we use refers to the statutory rate for Corporate Income. This page provides - Tonga Corporate Tax Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Tonga was worth 0.46 billion US dollars in 2019, according to official data from the World Bank and projections from Trading Economics. The GDP value of Tonga represents 0 percent of the world economy. GDP in Tonga averaged 0.21 USD Billion from 1975 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 0.47 USD Billion in 2012 and a record low of 0.03 USD Billion in 1976. The gross domestic product (GDP) measures of national income and output for a given country's economy. The gross domestic product (GDP) is equal to the total expenditures for all final goods and services produced within the country in a stipulated period of time. This page provides the latest reported value for - Tonga GDP - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Exports to Estonia in France decreased to 21 EUR Million in March from 33 EUR Million in February of 2020. Exports to Estonia in France averaged 25.65 EUR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 38 EUR Million in October of 2019 and a record low of 18 EUR Million in July of 2015. This page includes a chart with historical data for France Exports to Estonia.

The Gross Domestic Product per capita in Estonia was last recorded at 30990.51 US dollars in 2018, when adjusted by purchasing power parity (PPP). The GDP per Capita, in Estonia, when adjusted by Purchasing Power Parity is equivalent to 174 percent of the world's average. GDP per capita PPP in Estonia averaged 20958.42 USD from 1993 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 30990.51 USD in 2018 and a record low of 10626.06 USD in 1993. The GDP per capita PPP is obtained by dividing the country’s gross domestic product, adjusted by purchasing power parity, by the total population. This page provides the latest reported value for - Estonia GDP per capita PPP - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The Social Security Rate For Companies in Estonia stands at 33.80 percent. Social Security Rate For Companies in Estonia averaged 33.75 percent from 2000 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 34.40 percent in 2009 and a record low of 33 percent in 2001. In Estonia, the Social Security Rate is a tax related with labor income charged to both companies and employees. Revenues from the Social Security Rate For Companies are an important source of income for the government of Estonia because they help to pay for many social programs including welfare, health care and many other benefits. This page provides - Estonia Social Security Rate For Companies - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The OMX Tallinn decreased 141 points or 11.01% since the beginning of 2020, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Estonia. Historically, the Estonia Stock Market (OMX Tallin) reached an all time high of 1376.93 in February of 2020. The OMX Tallin is a major stock market index which tracks the performance of all shares listed on the Main and Secondary lists on the Tallinn Stock Exchange in Estonia. It is a capitalization weighted chain-linked total return index. The OMX Tallin Index has a base value of EUR100 as of June 3, 1996.

Retirement Age Men in Estonia increased to 63.50 in 2018 from 63.25 in 2017. Retirement Age Men in Estonia averaged 63.08 from 2009 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 63.50 in 2018 and a record low of 63 in 2010. This page provides - Estonia Retirement Age Men - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Cotton decreased 13 USd/Lbs or 18.77% since the beginning of 2020, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Historically, Cotton reached an all time high of 227 in March of 2011. The cotton features are available on the New York Mercantile Exchange and Chicago Mercantile Exchange. The size of each contract is 50,000 pounds. The biggest producers of cotton are China and India, followed by United States, Pakistan, Brazil, Australia and Uzbekistan. The United States is the biggest exporter of cotton (40% of total exports). Cotton is the world’s most widely-used natural fiber for clothing. Cotton prices displayed in Trading Economics are based on over-the-counter (OTC) and contract for difference (CFD) financial instruments. Our cotton market prices are intended to provide you with a reference only, rather than as a basis for making trading decisions. Trading Economics does not verify any data and disclaims any obligation to do so.

Terrorism Index in Estonia decreased to 0.12 in 2018 from 0.23 in 2017. Terrorism Index in Estonia averaged 0.19 from 2002 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 1.10 in 2015 and a record low of 0 in 2004. The Global Terrorism Index measures the direct and indirect impact of terrorism, including its effects on lives lost, injuries, property damage and the psychological aftereffects. It is a composite score that ranks countries according to the impact of terrorism from 0 (no impact) to 10 (highest impact).

Construction output in Estonia decreased 3.10 percent in September of 2019 over the same month in the previous year. Construction Output in Estonia averaged 7.90 percent from 2002 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 42.20 percent in the second quarter of 2006 and a record low of -36 percent in the first quarter of 2010. This page provides - Estonia Construction Output- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Asylum Applications in Estonia remained unchanged at 5 persons in November from 5 persons in October of 2019. Asylum Applications in Estonia averaged 8.43 persons from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 45 persons in September of 2015 and a record low of 0 persons in February of 2008. Asylum Application in this page refers to first time asylum applicants. Data is supplied to Trading Economics by the Eurostat, National Ministries of Interior and other official agencies.

Minimum Wages in Estonia remained unchanged at 540 EUR/Month in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 540 EUR/Month in the second quarter of 2019. Minimum Wages in Estonia averaged 270.82 EUR/Month from 1999 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 540 EUR/Month in the second quarter of 2019 and a record low of 79.89 EUR/Month in the fourth quarter of 1999. This page provides - Estonia Minimum Wages - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Banks Balance Sheet in Estonia decreased to 28829.40 EUR Million in November from 29068 EUR Million in October of 2019. Banks Balance Sheet in Estonia averaged 12551.67 EUR Million from 1993 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 29713.60 EUR Million in July of 2019 and a record low of 256 EUR Million in January of 1993. This page provides - Estonia Central Bank Balance Sheet - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Estonia scored 74 points out of 100 on the 2019 Corruption Perceptions Index reported by Transparency International. Corruption Index in Estonia averaged 64.27 Points from 1998 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 74 Points in 2019 and a record low of 55 Points in 2003. The Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries and territories based on how corrupt their public sector is perceived to be. A country or territory’s score indicates the perceived level of public sector corruption on a scale of 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean). This page provides the latest reported value for - Estonia Corruption Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Estonia is the 18 least corrupt nation out of 175 countries, according to the 2019 Corruption Perceptions Index reported by Transparency International. Corruption Rank in Estonia averaged 26.23 from 1998 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 33 in 2003 and a record low of 18 in 2018. The Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries and territories based on how corrupt their public sector is perceived to be. A country or territory's rank indicates its position relative to the other countries and territories in the index. This page provides the latest reported value for - Estonia Corruption Rank - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The Sales Tax Rate in Estonia stands at 20 percent. Sales Tax Rate in Estonia averaged 19.14 percent from 2000 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 20 percent in 2009 and a record low of 18 percent in 2001. In Estonia, the sales tax rate is a tax charged to consumers based on the purchase price of certain goods and services. The benchmark we use for the sales tax rate refers to the highest rate. Revenues from the Sales Tax Rate are an important source of income for the government of Estonia. This page provides - Estonia Sales Tax Rate | VAT - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Wages in Estonia increased 8.20 percent in September of 2019 over the same month in the previous year. Wage Growth in Estonia averaged 8.01 percent from 2003 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 21.20 percent in the second quarter of 2007 and a record low of -6.50 percent in the fourth quarter of 2009. This page provides - Estonia Wage Growth- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Households Debt in Estonia decreased to 68.41 percent of gross income in 2018 from 69.50 percent in 2017. Households Debt To Income in Estonia averaged 63.49 percent from 2000 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 93.01 percent in 2009 and a record low of 15.01 percent in 2000. This page provides - Estonia Households Debt To Income- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.