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A dopamine electrochemical sensor based on a platinum–silver graphene nanocomposite modified electrode

RSC Adv., 2020, 10,17336-17344
DOI: 10.1039/C9RA11056A, Paper
Open Access
  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
Nadzirah Sofia Anuar, Wan Jeffrey Basirun, Md. Shalauddin, Shamima Akhter
A platinum–silver graphene nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized. A nanocomposite modified electrode was fabricated in order to investigate the electrochemical detection of dopamine.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Mechanochemical approach to synthesize citric acid-soluble fertilizer of dittmarite (NH4MgPO4·H2O) from talc/NH4H2PO4 mixture

RSC Adv., 2020, 10,17686-17693
DOI: 10.1039/D0RA00387E, Paper
Open Access
Yonghao Tan, Lin Sha, Nengkui Yu, Zhengshuo Yang, Jun Qu, Zhigao Xu
Dittmarite synthesis by a mechanochemical route for application as a citric acid-soluble fertilizer.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to ethylene on Cu/CuxO-GO composites in aqueous solution

RSC Adv., 2020, 10,17572-17581
DOI: 10.1039/D0RA02754E, Paper
Open Access
  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
Nusrat Rashid, Mohsin Ahmad Bhat, U. K. Goutam, Pravin Popinand Ingole
Herein, we present fabrication of graphene oxide supported Cu/CuxO nano-electrodeposits which efficiently and selectively can electroreduce CO2 into ethylene with a faradaic efficiency of 34% and conversion rate of 194 mmol g−1 h−1 at −0.985 V vs. RHE.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Facile synthesis of a direct Z-scheme BiOCl–phosphotungstic acid heterojunction for the improved photodegradation of tetracycline

RSC Adv., 2020, 10,17369-17376
DOI: 10.1039/D0RA02396E, Paper
Open Access
Haijuan Tong, Bingfang Shi, Shulin Zhao
A one-step hydrothermal approach for synthesizing BiOCl–phosphotungstic acid (BiOCl–HPW) heterojunctions is proposed. The prepared BiOCl–HPW heterojunction exhibited good stability and photocatalytic activity.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Anatomy of an HTML5 WordPress theme

This site has been written in HTML5 and used to use WordPress to manage the content. I’ll explain why I used HTML5, describe the structure of the theme templates, and show some of the ways I tried to tame WordPress’s tendency to add mess to the source code.

As this is my personal site I wanted to experiment with using HTML5, CSS3, and WAI-ARIA. All these documents are currently working drafts and subject to change. However, the web documents and applications of the future are going to be written in HTML5 and I wanted to see the benefits of using it to markup static documents. Using CSS 2.1, let alone the CSS3 selectors and properties that some browser vendors have implemented, has many advantages for controlling the presentation of semantically coded documents. For this reason I am not going to avoid using basic CSS 2.1 selectors just to faithfully reproducing this site’s design in IE6. However, I have tried to accommodate IE 7 and IE 8 users by using an HTML5 enabling script so that the new HTML5 elements can be styled in those browsers if users have Javascript enabled.

HTML5 templates

I started with a static prototype of this site developed on my local server. WordPress makes it very easy to create your own templates and, therefore, it is no problem to use HTML5. This theme only has 3 main templates: index, single, and archive. There are of course templates for 404s, attachments, comments, etc., but I won’t discuss them as they are all based on the 3 main templates. All the templates include ARIA roles as an accessibility aide.

The single.php template has this rough structure:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title></title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="default.css">
</head>

<body>
  <header role="banner"></header>
  <nav role="navigation"></nav>
  <article role="main">
    <header>
      <time datetime="YYYY-MM-DD"></time>
      <h1></h1>
    </header>
    <footer></footer>
  </article>
  <nav></nav>
  <aside role="complementary"></aside>
  <footer role="contentinfo">
    <small></small>
  </footer>
</body>
</html>

The first line of the document is the HTML5 DOCTYPE. The new <article> element contains the content of each post. The same structure is used for the index.php template except that there are several articles displayed on each page and the ARIA role value of main is not used. In contrast, the archive.php template houses all the article excerpts in a <section> element with the ARIA role of main because the list of archived posts is itself the main content of the document.

A clean theme

WordPress tends to add classes, elements, and other bits of code in certain places. I haven’t used any of the WordPress functions that add class names to the body and to elements wrapping a post and also wanted to avoid cluttering the source code with any other unnecessary markup. This required a bit of fiddling around with the theme’s functions.php file. I’m not a PHP developer so this might not be pretty!

Removing actions from wp_head()

WordPress has a hook called wp_head that sits in the header.php of most themes. To avoid it inserting unwanted code into the <head> of the document I used the remove_action function to disable the functions that were responsible. The following code was added to the functions.php file of my theme:

// Remove links to the extra feeds (e.g. category feeds)
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'feed_links_extra', 3 );
// Remove links to the general feeds (e.g. posts and comments)
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'feed_links', 2 );
// Remove link to the RSD service endpoint, EditURI link
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'rsd_link' );
// Remove link to the Windows Live Writer manifest file
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'wlwmanifest_link' );
// Remove index link
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'index_rel_link' );
// Remove prev link
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'parent_post_rel_link', 10, 0 );
// Remove start link
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'start_post_rel_link', 10, 0 );
// Display relational links for adjacent posts
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'adjacent_posts_rel_link', 10, 0 );
// Remove XHTML generator showing WP version
remove_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_generator' );

Source: WPEngineer.com: Cleanup WordPress Header

Removing an empty <span>

If you want to create excerpts you can either write them into the excerpt box or use the <--more--> quicktag in the WordPress editor. I just wanted the first paragraph of my posts to be used as the excerpt and so using the in-editor tag was the most practical approach I was aware of. However, when you do this WordPress will insert an empty <span> in the post’s content. This element has an id so that the area following the excerpt can be targeted by “more” or “continue reading” links. I removed both the empty <span> and the jump link by adding the following code to the functions.php file of the theme:

// removes empty span
function remove_empty_read_more_span($content) {
  return eregi_replace("(<p><span id="more-[0-9]{1,}"></span></p>)", "", $content);
}
add_filter('the_content', 'remove_empty_read_more_span');

Source: Ganda Manurung: Remove Empty Span Tag On WordPress

// removes url hash to avoid the jump link
function remove_more_jump_link($link) {
  $offset = strpos($link, '#more-');
  if ($offset) {
    $end = strpos($link, '"',$offset);
  }
  if ($end) {
    $link = substr_replace($link, '', $offset, $end-$offset);
  }
  return $link;
}
add_filter('the_content_more_link', 'remove_more_jump_link');

Source: WordPress Codex: Customizing the Read More

Displaying images in the excerpt

For posts that display nothing but a photograph (yes, they will be shit but I’m hoping it gets me using my camera a bit more often) I wanted the image to show up in the archives. Equally, if the first paragraph of a post contained a link I wanted that to be preserved. The default the_excerpt() template tag doesn’t allow for this so it needed some modifying. I added a new function, which is just a modified version of the core excerpt function, to the functions.php file and then made sure that the template tag executed this function rather than the one contained in the core WordPress files.

function improved_trim_excerpt($text) {
   if ( '' == $text ) {
      $text = get_the_content('');
      $text = strip_shortcodes( $text );
      $text = apply_filters('the_content', $text);
      $text = str_replace(']]>', ']]&amp;gt;', $text);
      $text = strip_tags($text, '<p><img><a>');
      $excerpt_length = apply_filters('excerpt_length', 55);
      $words = explode(' ', $text, $excerpt_length + 1);
      if (count($words) > $excerpt_length) {
         array_pop($words);
         array_push($words, '[...]');
         $text = implode(' ', $words);
         $text = force_balance_tags($text);
      }
   }
   return $text;
}
remove_filter('get_the_excerpt', 'wp_trim_excerpt');
add_filter('get_the_excerpt', 'improved_trim_excerpt');

Source: Aaron Russell: Improving WordPress’ the_excerpt() template tag

I prefer not to have empty elements in the markup and so I needed a way to conditionally insert the “Older entries”, “Newer Entries”, etc., links into templates. The solution I’m using here, which isn’t perfect, is to add this to functions.php:

function show_posts_nav() {
  global $wp_query;
  return ($wp_query->max_num_pages > 1);
}

Source: Eric Martin: Conditional navigation links in WordPress

And then to wrap the navigation markup in the templates with the following:

<?php if (show_posts_nav()) : ?>
<nav>
   <ul>
      <li><?php next_posts_link('&#171; Older Entries') ?></li>
      <li><?php previous_posts_link('Newer Entries &#187;') ?></li>
   </ul>
</nav>
<?php endif; ?>

Summary

It’s fairly easy to create a simple site with HTML5 and to use WordPress to deliver it. At the moment there are issues with Internet Explorer because you cannot style HTML5 elements unless you use Javascript. However, HTML5 redefines the meaning of certain elements (such as <dl>, which has become a more versatile “description list”) and allows block elements to be wrapped in a link. Therefore, there is still benefit in using the HTML5 DOCTYPE even if you do not make use of the new elements.

Further reading

  1. HTML5 working draft
  2. HTML5 differences from HTML4
  3. Accessible Rich Internet Applications (WAI-ARIA) 1.0




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Us vs. them [electronic resource] : redefining the multi-generational workplace to inspire your employees to love your company, drive innovation, and embrace change / Jeff Havens

Havens, Jeff, author




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Why American elections are flawed (and how to fix them) [electronic resource] / Pippa Norris

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JAMA Cardiology : Association of Mutations Contributing to Clonal Hematopoiesis With Prognosis in Chronic Ischemic Heart Failure

Interview with Andreas M. Zeiher, MD, author of Association of Mutations Contributing to Clonal Hematopoiesis With Prognosis in Chronic Ischemic Heart Failure, and Peter Libby, MD, author of CHIPping Away at the Pathogenesis of Heart Failure






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JAMA Neurology : Clinical Effectiveness of Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs Warfarin in Older Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke

Interview with Adrian F. Hernandez, MD, MHS, author of Clinical Effectiveness of Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs Warfarin in Older Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke: Findings From the Patient-Centered Research Into Outcomes Stroke Patients Prefer and Effectiveness Research (PROSPER) Study








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Risk-averse investors re-deploy funds in arbitrage MF schemes in April

Aversion to debt products has contributed to renewed interest in the category




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Indians charged for running fraudulent investment scheme



  • DO NOT USE Indians Abroad
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Indian-American, Purnendu Dasgupta, wins prestigious chemistry award



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Sikh group lauds USCIRF for recognising violation against them



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Indian convicted in kickback scheme sting in US



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Indian in UAE jailed for ‘blasphemous’ Facebook status



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Bioanalytical chemistry / Andreas Manz (KIST Europe, Germany), Petra S Dittrich (ETH Zürich, Switzerland), Nicole Pamme (University of Hull, UK), Dimitri Iossifidis (Analytical Equipment Supplies & Support, Greece)

Manz, A. (Andreas), author




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Cancer Chemotherapy: Basic Science to the Clinic, 2nd Edition


 

Provides a clear and accessible summary of all stages and aspects of the discovery, design, development, validation and clinical use of anticancer drugs

This new edition provides an update on the current state of the art of cancer chemotherapy and clinical practice and presents new pipeline anticancer agents and promising therapeutic strategies that are emerging alongside new breakthroughs in cancer biology. Its unique approach enables students to



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Redox active Ni–Pd carbonyl alloy nanoclusters: syntheses, molecular structures and electrochemistry of [Ni22−xPd20+x(CO)48]6− (x = 0.62), [Ni29−xPd6+x(CO)42]6− (x = 0.09) and [Ni29+xPd6−x(CO)42]6− (x = 0.27)

Dalton Trans., 2020, 49,5513-5522
DOI: 10.1039/D0DT00337A, Paper
Beatrice Berti, Cristiana Cesari, Cristina Femoni, Tiziana Funaioli, Maria Carmela Iapalucci, Stefano Zacchini
Redox active molecular Ni–Pd alloy nanoclusters were obtained by redox condensation, their total structures and metal distribution were determined by X-ray crystallography, and their electron-sink behavior was ascertained by electrochemical studies.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Coordination chemistry of [Y(pypa)]− and comparison immuno-PET imaging of [44Sc]Sc- and [86Y]Y-pypa-phenyl-TRC105

Dalton Trans., 2020, 49,5547-5562
DOI: 10.1039/D0DT00437E, Paper
Lily Li, María de Guadalupe Jaraquemada-Peláez, Eduardo Aluicio-Sarduy, Xiaozhu Wang, Todd E. Barnhart, Weibo Cai, Valery Radchenko, Paul Schaffer, Jonathan W. Engle, Chris Orvig
H4pypa was conjugated to an antibody via a newly synthesized H4pypa-phenyl-NCS; promising immuno-PET imaging with 44Sc was demonstrated.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Chemoselective oxidative addition of vinyl sulfones mediated by palladium complexes bearing picolyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands.

Dalton Trans., 2020, 49,5684-5694
DOI: 10.1039/D0DT01144D, Paper
Thomas Scattolin, Claudio Santo, Nicola Demitri, Luciano Canovese, Fabiano Visentin
We have examined in depth the features of oxidative addition of (E)-1,2 ditosylethene on palladium(0) complexes bearing picolyl-N-heterocyclic carbenes.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Retraction: Determination of chemical affinity of graphene oxide nanosheets with radionuclides investigated by macroscopic, spectroscopic and modeling techniques

Dalton Trans., 2020, 49,5741-5741
DOI: 10.1039/D0DT90074E, Retraction
Open Access
  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
Congcong Ding, Wencai Cheng, Yubing Sun, Xiangke Wang
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Facile synthesis of Mn-doped NiCo2O4 nanoparticles with enhanced electrochemical performance for a battery-type supercapacitor electrode

Dalton Trans., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0DT01177K, Paper
To Van Nguyen, Le The Son, Vu Van Thuy, Vu Dinh Thao, Masahito Hatsukano, Koichi Higashimine, Shinya Maenosono, Sang-Eun Chun, Tran Viet Thu
We report the synthesis of manganese-doped nickel cobalt oxide (Mn-doped NiCo2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) by an efficient hydrothermal and subsequent calcination route.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Rapid mechanochemical synthesis of metal–organic frameworks using exogenous organic base

Dalton Trans., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0DT01240H, Paper
Zihao Wang, Zongzhe Li, Marcus Ng, Phillip J. Milner
We describe the mechanochemical, solvent-free synthesis of metal–organic frameworks using liquid organic base for the first time.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Crystal structure, chemical bonding, and electrical and thermal transport in Sc5Rh6Sn18

Dalton Trans., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0DT00324G, Paper
Manuel Feig, Lev Akselrud, Walter Schnelle, Vadim Dyadkin, Dmitry Chernyshov, Alim Ormeci, Paul Simon, Andreas Leithe-Jasper, Roman Gumeniuk
Single crystals of the superconductor Sc5Rh6Sn18 were grown from Sn-flux.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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The tech headaches of working from home and how to remedy them

From shoddy Wi-Fi to digital distractions, our tech can make remote work miserable. Brian X Chen has tips on how to overcome the problems





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Animism in Southeast Asia / edited by Kaj Århem and Guido Sprenger, with an end comment by Tim Ingold




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Transforming mathematics problems in Indonesian primary schools by embedding Islamic and Indonesian contexts / Neni Mariana

Mariana, Neni, author




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Sangaku reflections : a Japanese mathematician teaches / J. Marshall Unger

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The Official ACT Mathematics Guide


 

Are you prepared to do your best on the ACT mathematics section test?

The Official ACT Mathematics Guide is the only test prep resource created by the makers of the ACT to prepare you for the mathematics ACT test. This step-by-step guide reviews the entire ACT mathematics test, allowing you to familiarize yourself with the types of questions you can expect to see on test day. You'll learn the math you need to know, as well as how to approach each question



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[ASAP] One-Step Dynamic Imine Chemistry for Preparation of Chitosan-Stabilized Emulsions Using a Natural Aldehyde: Acid Trigger Mechanism and Regulation and Gastric Delivery

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b08301




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[ASAP] Effects of Chemical Composition and Microstructure in Human Milk and Infant Formulas on Lipid Digestion

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00745




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[ASAP] Chemical Modifications of Vicilins Interfere with Chitin-Binding Affinity and Toxicity to <italic toggle="yes">Callosobruchus maculatus</italic> (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Insect: A Combined In Vitro and In Silico Analysis

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b08034




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Pesticides in Crop Production: Physiological and Biochemical Action


 

A guide to the diversity of pesticides used in modern agricultural practices, and the relevant social and environmental issues

Pesticides in Crop Production offers an important resource that explores pesticide action in plants; pesticide metabolism in soil microbes, plants and animals; bioaccumulation of pesticides and sensitiveness of microbiome towards pesticides. The authors explore pesticide risk assessment, the development of pesticide resistance



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Climate change is destroying our coral reefs. Here's how scientists plan to save them

Ecologists are studying resilient reefs to unlock their secrets and preserve others for generations to come




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Bracing for climate change, the chemical industry learns from Hurricane Harvey

Preparations for storms include an emphasis on worker recovery




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Adapting to climate change: How chemistry will help us thrive

Learn how chemists are developing new technologies to protect food and water supplies, save critical ecosystems, and safeguard cities from natural disasters in the face of climate change




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Chemical Safety Board to require accident reporting

Companies will have 8 hours to file a brief report




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Chemistry in Pictures: Violets are blue, and roses are black




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Video: Why the glowing rocks under New Jersey fascinate geochemists

The complex mineral collection beneath northern New Jersey may offer clues to how Earth formed and how soil affects water purity and plant growth




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Unexpected atmospheric chemistry may explain an air pollution mystery

New understanding of the complex chemistry of haze could provide guidance for air-quality regulators




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Number of chemicals in commerce has been vastly underestimated

Scientists assemble a first-ever global inventory listing triple the number of chemicals on the market as previous lists




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Biorefinery turns birch wood into renewable chemicals

Lignin breakdown produces phenol and propylene, offering a low-carbon alternative to fossil-fuel-based processes




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Chemistry in Pictures: Our hearts go out to you this Valentine's Day