regional

Regional Diplomacy in the Middle East: Iran is on a Roll

1 January 2007 , Number 2

For all the cynicism it has evoked, the United States’ Iraq Study Group report might still lead to a regional diplomatic process, which could ease Iran and the US into negotiations. A grand bargain is very unlikely, but with Washington at the table, there might be enough advantage for both sides in a gradual process to halt the current slide towards a deeper confrontation.

Richard Dalton

was the British Ambssador to Iran until last March




regional

Don’t Overstretch on Regional Integration

12 June 2019

Hans Kundnani

Senior Research Fellow, Europe Programme
How the European Union took the idea of a ‘rules-based order’ too far – and how it can regain legitimacy.

Young woman at the March for Europe in May 2018

Young woman at the March for Europe in May 2018. Photo by Emanuele Cremaschi/Getty Images

The European Union is the ultimate ‘rules-based order’. Since the end of the Cold War, the world has become increasingly integrated, in a process that Dani Rodrik has called ‘hyper-globalization’ to distinguish this from the more moderate form of globalization that occurred during the Cold War period.

But Europe, which was already more integrated than the rest of the world, has gone even further in removing barriers to the internal movement of capital, goods and people. The consequence of this has been the need for a more developed system of rules to govern this deep integration.

For much of this period, many Europeans – and also many outside Europe who had a liberal view of international politics – believed that the EU was a kind of blueprint for global governance.

They believed that the rest of the world would simply catch up with the enlightened and apparently successful approach that Europeans had taken. In short, Europeans were showing the way forward for the world.

However, after a decade of crisis, it now seems as if Europe may have overreached. In particular with the creation of the single currency, European rules increasingly extended into areas of life in which member states had previously had relative autonomy.

Since the beginning of the euro crisis in 2010, there has been a backlash against EU rules, which has raised the difficult question of whether international rule-making can go too far.

What makes international rules problematic is that they depoliticize – that is, they take the policy areas they cover out of the realm of democratic contestation. This can be a good thing when applied to policy areas that we think should be non-negotiable, like human rights.

But since the 1980s, and especially since the end of the Cold War, international rules have increasingly applied to areas of policy that not only should be contested but that should be at the centre of contestation – in particular, economic policy areas that have distributional consequences (that is, they create winners and losers).

The EU’s rules constrain its member states even more than global rules – for example, those of the World Trade Organization (WTO) – or rules associated with other regional integration projects constrain nation states elsewhere in the world. In particular, the EU’s fiscal rules – created along with the euro – set strict limits on the ability of member states to run budget deficits and accumulate debt.

Since the beginning of the euro crisis, these fiscal rules have been further tightened, which in turn has magnified the political backlash against the EU system and fuelled tensions between member states.

In democratic nation states, rules are made through a process that gives them what is sometimes called ‘input legitimacy’. International rule-making, by contrast, is essentially the product of power relations between states and therefore lacks this specific kind of legitimacy.

Supporters of European integration as currently constituted – whom one might term ‘pro-Europeans’ – would argue that EU rules are more like domestic rules than international rules: after all, they are agreed through a process involving democratic institutions such as the European Parliament. But even within the EU, power matters – as notably illustrated by Germany’s prominent (and controversial) role in driving the development of fiscal rules since the beginning of the euro crisis.

In addition, because European integration is meant to be an irreversible process, it is extremely difficult to change or abolish rules that have already been agreed. To do so would be ‘disintegration’ in the sense that powers would be returned to member states.

For example, there are good economic and political arguments for abolishing the ‘debt brake’, based on a German model, that EU member states agreed to incorporate into their national constitutions as part of the Fiscal Compact in 2011. But anyone making those arguments is labelled as Eurosceptic or ‘anti-European’.

There is also insufficient differentiation between EU rules. Any decision taken at a European level – even those decisions, such as on the Fiscal Compact, that are outside the EU treaties – becomes part of the EU’s system of rules. To challenge such a decision is therefore to violate the rule of law and therefore the EU’s ‘values’.

As Dieter Grimm has shown, legislation that would normally have the status of secondary law in a nation state has constitutional status in EU law and is therefore ‘immunized against political correction’.[1]

Though European leaders still often speak of the EU as a model for the rest of the world, the reality is that it now illustrates what other regional integration projects should avoid as much as what they should emulate. Even before the euro crisis, few other regions were thinking of creating a common currency.

But they will now think even more carefully about how far to follow Europe down the route of economic integration it has taken – and in particular will be unlikely to introduce EU-style fiscal rules.

The difficult question is where exactly the limits of international rule-making should be set. The European experience in the past decade suggests that rules on economic policy are particularly problematic because of the distributional consequences they have.

But European integration focused on economic policy from its beginnings with the European Coal and Steel Community in the 1950s. Moreover, because globalization is to a large extent an economic phenomenon, economic policy is precisely where international rules are needed.

A good place to start in thinking about where to set the limits of international rule-making may be in terms of the objectives of rules. During the early phase of European integration and the more moderate phase of globalization in the 30 years after the end of the Second World War, integration strengthened nation states – indeed, Alan Milward argued that integration ‘rescued’ the nation state in Europe.[2]

But since the end of the Cold War, rules at both the global level and a European level have been driven by the maximization of economic efficiency. This has undermined the nation state. As Rodrik has argued, a reprioritization is now needed – rules should be made above all with their impact on democracy in mind.[3]

In order to regain legitimacy, Europe should apply this idea of democracy-enhancing rules to its own approach to integration. It should begin by differentiating more clearly between rules that are fundamental to the European project and those about which Europeans can – and should – disagree.

The consequence of thinking of rules above all in terms of legitimacy may be that in some policy areas, particularly those with distributive consequences, rules should be abolished and power returned to member states.

‘Pro-Europeans’ should be open to this kind of ‘disintegration’ as a way to help the EU regain legitimacy and thus be sustainable in the medium term. It is also only by successfully recalibrating the balance between rules and democracy that the EU will once again be seen as a model for regional integration projects in the rest of the world, and for global governance more generally.

What needs to happen

  • The EU offers a cautionary tale on the limits of regional integration, with its status as a model for international governance eroded by a decade of crisis.
  • In certain areas, notably fiscal policy, democratically contested decision-making has been subordinated to ‘depoliticized’ supranational rules. The crisis over the single currency exemplifies the tensions between autonomy and integration.
  • To restore its legitimacy, the EU needs to recalibrate the balance between rules and democracy. Policymakers should ensure that laws are made with their impact on democracy in mind.
  • Politicians and policymakers should differentiate more clearly between rules that are fundamental to the European project and those about which Europeans can – and should – disagree.
  • In some policy areas, this could include returning powers to member states. Though politically challenging, this will require ‘pro-Europeans’ to tolerate some ‘disintegration’ as the price of ensuring the future stability of the EU.

Notes

[1] Grimm, D. (2015), ‘The Democratic Costs of Constitutionalisation: The European Case’, European Law Journal, Volume 21, Issue 4, July 2015, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/eulj.12139.

[2] Milward, A. (1999), The European Rescue of the Nation State, London: Routledge.

[3] Rodrik, D. (2006), ‘Put Globalization to Work for Democracies’, New York Times, 17 September 2006, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/18/opinion/sunday/put-globalization-to-work-for-democracies.html.

This essay was produced for the 2019 edition of Chatham House Expert Perspectives – our annual survey of risks and opportunities in global affairs – in which our researchers identify areas where the current sets of rules, institutions and mechanisms for peaceful international cooperation are falling short, and present ideas for reform and modernization.




regional

Collab shows we are one Caribbean - ‘We Got This’ presents a united regional front against COVID-19

WHAT STARTED as an idea of two Barbadians – Ian Webster and Cheyne Jones – transformed into We Got This, a song which proved enough to stir the collective imagination of 25 recording artistes from 14 countries across the region, disseminating the...




regional

Samuda to make strong push for regional pro football league

JAMAICA OLYMPIC Association (JOA) President Christopher Samuda believes that his sports administration experience will aid him in helping to finally shape a professional football league in the Caribbean. Concacaf announced Samuda’s appointment to...




regional

Global, regional, and national burden of neck pain in the general population, 1990-2017: systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017




regional

Iran Workshop Series: Domestic, Regional and International Outlook

Invitation Only Research Event

17 December 2019 - 10:00am to 3:30pm

Chatham House | 10 St James's Square | London | SW1Y 4LE

After a summer of regional tensions and continued uncertainty regarding the future of the JCPOA, the Chatham House MENA Programme held a closed workshop to examine the impact of the Trump administration’s maximum pressure campaign.

Discussions focused on the domestic developments and challenges inside Iran, prospects for new negotiations with Iran, and the regional issues facing the country. Participants also considered the differences between American and European approaches towards Iran.

 

Event attributes

Chatham House Rule

Reni Zhelyazkova

Programme Coordinator, Middle East and North Africa Programme
+44 (0)20 7314 3624




regional

Firing Up Regional Brain Networks: The Promise of Brain Circulation in the ASEAN Economic Community

Given diverging demographics, rising educational attainment and wide variation in economic opportunities, countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations are poised to see an expansion of both the demand for and supply of skilled migrants willing and able to move. The convergence of these megatrends represents unique opportunities for human-capital development and brain circulation, as this report explores.




regional

Regional Enforcement: A Profile of Migrants Deported from the United States and Mexico to the Northern Triangle

Marking the release of an MPI report, speakers on this webinar present an overview of regional immigration enforcement trends, including U.S. and Mexican apprehensions and deportations of both children and adults, along with a demographic, socioeconomic, and criminal profile of child and adult deportees.




regional

Regional Enforcement: A Profile of Migrants Deported from the United States and Mexico to the Northern Triangle

This webinar includes an overview of regional immigration enforcement trends, including U.S. and Mexican apprehensions and deportations of Central American migrants, along with a demographic, socioeconomic, and criminal profile of child and adult deportees.




regional

State taxes : the current impact on rural and regional practice / presented by Bernie Walrut, Murray Chambers..




regional

Ways in which conflict of interest situations can occur in rural and regional practices and how they can be avoided / presented by Vickianne West, Hugh Barton Chambers [and] Ros Burke, Law Society of South Australia.




regional

2018 Regional Heritage Conference, 12-13 April 2018 Geraldton : sacred heritage conference program / Heritage Council, Government of Western Australia, City of Greater Geraldton.




regional

Award of funding under the Regional Jobs and Investment Packages : Department of infrastructure, Transport, Cities and Regional Development, Department of Industry, Inovation and Science / The Auditor General.

"The objective of the audit was to assess whether the award of funding under the RJIP program was informed by appropriate departmental advice and that processes complied with the grants administration framework."--Page 8.




regional

Regional recycling transport assistance package : program guidelines / prepared by: Waste Avoidance and Recovery Programs, Office of Resource Recovery, Department of Environment and Science.

The Regional Recycling Transport Assistance Package provides funding to support resource recovery and recycling in regional Queensland, helping fund the costs of transporting recyclable material from regional Queensland to facilities where it can be recovered or processed and turned into new products. Details regarding eligible applicants, projects and costs are provided in these guidelines.




regional

Co-ordinating drugs services : the role of regional and district drug advisory committees : a preliminary study for the Department of Health / by Peter Baker and Dorothy Runnicles.

London : London Research Centre, 1991.




regional

Far From Home? These Regional Comfort Foods Can Be Shipped to Your Door

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a surge in nationwide shipments of specialities from legendary restaurants




regional

Police say 2 Waterloo Regional Police Service badges stolen

Waterloo regional police two police badges were stolen from a home in Cambridge.



  • News/Canada/Kitchener-Waterloo

regional

Ontario rejects regional phase-outs of COVID-19 restrictions

Despite sharp differences in the impact of COVID-19 in different parts of Ontario, the Ford government is rejecting a region-by-region approach to loosening emergency restrictions.



  • News/Canada/Toronto

regional

Zimbabwe: A Regional Solution?




regional

The Costs and Benefits of Regionalized Care for Children




regional

National, Regional, and State Abusive Head Trauma: Application of the CDC Algorithm

Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a rare phenomenon that results in devastating injuries to children. It is necessary to analyze large samples to examine changes in rates over time.

This is the first study to examine rates of AHT at the national, regional, and state level. The results provide a more detailed description of AHT trends than has been previously available. (Read the full article)




regional

Use of and Regional Variation in Initial CT Imaging for Kidney Stones

Professional organizations recommend ultrasound as the initial diagnostic imaging modality for children with suspected nephrolithiasis. Computed tomography utilization for children with nephrolithiasis treated at freestanding children’s hospitals is common and varies substantially by hospital.

The high prevalence and regional variability of CT as the first imaging study for children with nephrolithiasis who presented to emergency departments, outpatient clinics, and hospitals throughout the United States indicate that current imaging practices deviate substantially from guidelines. (Read the full article)




regional

Regional Variation in Antenatal Corticosteroid Use: A Network-Level Quality Improvement Study

Application of antenatal corticosteroids to mothers before delivery is highly beneficial to very low birth weight infants. Yet despite widespread quality improvement efforts, many eligible infants fail to receive this therapy.

We demonstrate improvement in antenatal corticosteroid use during the study period. However, significant regional variation persists, which network-level quality improvement efforts might help eliminate. (Read the full article)




regional

Global and Regional Burden of Isoniazid-Resistant Tuberculosis

Fifteen percent of tuberculosis cases globally are resistant to the drug isoniazid. Isoniazid resistance puts patients with tuberculosis at risk for poor treatment outcomes and threatens the effectiveness of isoniazid preventive therapy in people with latent tuberculosis infection.

We present the first global and regional estimates of the proportion of children with tuberculosis who have isoniazid-resistant disease, showing large geographic variations in risk of resistance. We estimate the number of annual incident cases of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis in children. (Read the full article)




regional

Racial and Regional Differences in Rates of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease

Previous studies have shown racial differences in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) rates. Recent studies demonstrated a national decline in IPD rates after 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) introduction. The impact of PCV13 on racial and regional differences in IPD rates among Tennessee children is unknown.

After introduction of PCV13, pediatric IPD rates, including disease due to antibiotic-resistant strains, declined substantially. Racial and regional differences in IPD rates were no longer significant. Our study illustrates the impact of PCV13 and the importance of continued IPD surveillance. (Read the full article)




regional

Burundi: Internal and Regional Implications of the Suspension of Sanctions




regional

Trends in Regionalization of Emergency Care for Common Pediatric Conditions

BACKGROUND:

For children who cannot be discharged from the emergency department, definitive care has become less frequent at most hospitals. It is uncertain whether this is true for common conditions that do not require specialty care. We sought to determine how the likelihood of definitive care has changed for 3 common pediatric conditions: asthma, croup, and gastroenteritis.

METHODS:

We used the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample database to study children <18 years old presenting to emergency departments in the United States from 2008 to 2016 with a primary diagnosis of asthma, croup, or gastroenteritis, excluding critically ill patients. The primary outcome was referral rate: the number of patients transferred among all patients who could not be discharged. Analyses were stratified by quartile of annual pediatric volume. We used logistic regression to determine if changes over time in demographics or comorbidities could account for referral rate changes.

RESULTS:

Referral rates increased for each condition in all volume quartiles. Referral rates were greatest in the lowest pediatric volume quartile. Referral rates in the lowest pediatric volume quartile increased for asthma (13.6% per year; 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.6%–22.2%), croup (14.8% per year; 95% CI 2.6%–28.3%), and gastroenteritis (16.4% per year; 95% CI 3.5%–31.0%). Changes over time in patient age, sex, comorbidities, weekend presentation, payer mix, urban-rural location of presentation, or area income did not account for these findings.

CONCLUSIONS:

Increasing referral rates over time suggest decreasing provision of definitive care and regionalization of inpatient care for 3 common, generally straightforward conditions.




regional

Penn State competes in Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition regional finals

Penn State’s Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition (CCDC) team reached new heights earlier this month when they participated in the regional finals of the Mid-Atlantic Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition for the first time.




regional

Regional science tournament canceled

The 2020 Northeastern Pennsylvania Science Olympiad, scheduled for March 11 at Penn State Wilkes-Barre, was canceled and will not be rescheduled.




regional

How brands are tapping regional celebrities to go hyperlocal

Brands tap regional celebrities to go hyperlocal. Does it translate into higher ROI?




regional

Speaking local: Brands tapping regional influencers for higher engagement

Brands are tapping regional influencers for higher engagement.




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DART, Other Regional Transit Agencies Launch #SoundTheHorn Campaign at 3 PM on April 16 / Coalition of Transportation Agencies Join in Solidarity to Honor Transportation Workers Across the Region

Wilmington --

DART, together with Amtrak, NJ TRANSIT, SEPTA, and other regional public transit operators today launched a coordinated day of action to simultaneously sound their fleet of bus horns on April 16 to honor heroic transportation workers across the region. As a tribute to #HeroesMovingHeroes on the front lines of this public health crisis, all buses running in service will give two one-second horn blasts at 3 PM in solidarity with partner agencies. Heroic transportation workers continue to provide critical service for healthcare workers, first responders, childcare workers, grocery store employees and other heroes who are performing critically essential work during the Covid-19 pandemic. [More]




regional

NSW makes changes in its Skilled Regional Migration Program

The NSW Government has issued an update with the following information:The Home Affairs Department recently announced that the Subclass 491 Skilled Work Regional visa will replace the present 489 visa in Nov 2019.The visa in the new subclass will have…




regional

Canada Inspires Australia to Focus on Regional Immigration

The minister accountable for maintaining Australia's population levels is watching to Canada for motivation to shift more immigrants to regional areas. Alan Tudge aspires to follow Canada's success in providing provinces a more prominent role…




regional

Governor Carney and Six Governors Announce Joint Multi-State Agreement to Develop Regional Supply Chain

States Will Aggregate Demand for PPE, Medical Equipment and Testing on a Regional Basis Regional Supply Chains Will Help Realize Better Pricing, Delivery and Reliability of PPE and Medical Equipment for States   WILMINGTON, Del. – Amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, Delaware Governor John Carney, New York Governor Andrew M. Cuomo, New Jersey Governor Phil Murphy, […]




regional

Light Snow and 25 F at Saranac Lake, Adirondack Regional Airport, NY


Winds are from the Variable at 6.9 gusting to 27.6 MPH (6 gusting to 24 KT). The pressure is 1006.1 mb and the humidity is 72%. The wind chill is 17. Last Updated on May 9 2020, 11:51 am EDT.




regional

Overcast and 33 F at Binghamton, Binghamton Regional Airport, NY


Winds are from the Northwest at 15.0 gusting to 24.2 MPH (13 gusting to 21 KT). The pressure is 1011.5 mb and the humidity is 52%. The wind chill is 23. Last Updated on May 9 2020, 11:53 am EDT.




regional

Light Snow and 34 F at Ithaca, Ithaca Tompkins Regional Airport, NY


Winds are from the Northwest at 16.1 gusting to 21.9 MPH (14 gusting to 19 KT). The pressure is 1012.7 mb and the humidity is 59%. The wind chill is 24. Last Updated on May 9 2020, 11:56 am EDT.




regional

Overcast and 38 F at Elmira, Elmira / Corning Regional Airport, NY


Winds are from the Northwest at 11.5 gusting to 25.3 MPH (10 gusting to 22 KT). The pressure is 1013.0 mb and the humidity is 52%. The wind chill is 31. Last Updated on May 9 2020, 11:53 am EDT.




regional

fDi's European Cities and Regions of the Future 2020/21 - FDI Strategy: North Rhine-Westphalia takes regional crown

North Rhine-Westphalia is fDi's top large region for FDI Strategy, with the Basque Country topping the table for mid-sized regions and Ireland South East first among small regions. 




regional

Are regional transmission organizations the future for renewables in the Southeast?

Renewable energy, particularly solar, is poised for significant growth in the southeastern United States. The Southeast has also mostly retained a vertically integrated utility model, and most utilities in the region have not joined a Regional Transmission Organization or Independent System Operator (collectively known as, RTO). Recent developments have led stakeholders and policymakers in the Southeast to rethink whether it is beneficial for some utilities to join RTOs – something that is generally seen as a positive development for renewable energy.





regional

Connor, Clark & Lunn Infrastructure, Desjardins acquire Regional Power hydroelectric plants

Connor, Clark & Lunn Infrastructure (CC&L Infrastructure) and Regime de Rentes du Mouvement Desjardins, Desjardins Financial Security Life Assurance Company, and Certas Home and Auto Insurance Company (together, Desjardins) have acquired Regional Power Inc. from The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company (Manulife).




regional

Austrade regional market update on the impact of COVID-19 (as at 28 April 2020)

Austrade will provide weekly regional updates on the progression and impact of COVID-19 around the world, to support the international education sector as the situation continues to evolve. These reports are compiled using the latest on-the-ground information and advice.




regional

Austrade regional market update on the impact of COVID-19 (as at 5 May 2020)

Austrade will provide weekly regional updates on the progression and impact of COVID-19 around the world, to support the international education sector as the situation continues to evolve. These reports are compiled using the latest on-the-ground information and advice.




regional

EWC Partners with Tongji University on Asian Regional Peri-Urbanization Conference in Shanghai

With millions of people who live in “peri-urban” areas at the edges of cities in Asia suffering from enormous deficits in basic urban services, spillover environmental impacts and weak local governments, policymakers in the region recognize the urgent need for solutions to cope with the range of issues impacting residents of these areas.




regional

Pacific Island Graduates Return to Hawai‘i for Seminar on Addressing Regional Issues

Pacific Island Graduates Return to Hawai‘i for Seminar on Addressing Regional Issues
HONOLULU (June 23) - More than 20 graduates of an East-West Center-administered scholarship program for accomplished young scholars from Pacific island nations are back in Hawai‘i this week to attend a special seminar on addressing issues and envisioning futures in the region.

The former students are all graduates of the United States-South Pacific Scholarship Program (USSP), which is funded by Department of State and administered by the East-West Center. Among the attendees are graduates who are now working in public health, communications, finance, planning, education, government, scientific research and more. Participants have travelled from as far away as the UK, Norway and across the Pacific to attend the seminar.




regional

New Website Offers Easy Graphical Access to Regional Data on U.S.-Asia Connections

New Website Offers Graphical Data on U.S.-Asia Connections
WASHINGTON, D.C. (Nov. 10) – It’s well known that Asia has key relationships with the United States in a variety of important measures, including overall trade, U.S. exports, immigrant populations, international students and more.
For example:




regional

Is There a Future for Asia Pacific Regional Free Trade?

High-level speakers offer differing views at U.S. Asia Pacific Council conference

WASHINGTON, D.C. (May 26, 2011) -- The pending Trans-Pacific Partnership, or TPP, could serve as a vital stepping stone to a broader regional trade agreement, said key Asia-Pacific trade ministers who addressed the 8th annual U.S. Asia Pacific Council Conference on May 23. But they warned that the TPP will not realize this potential if trading nations abandon all efforts to conclude the World Trade Organization’s long-stalled Doha Round of negotiations.

In contrast, U.S. trade policymakers who addressed the conference were skeptical about the viability of the Doha process but quite bullish on the TPP.




regional

The Pacific Islands Regional Climate Assessment Releases Collaborative Report on Climate Change

HONOLULU (December 4, 2012)—The Pacific Islands Regional Climate Assessment (PIRCA) today released its first report, Climate Change and Pacific Islands: Indicators and Impacts (Island Press). The report highlights the findings of more than 100 scientists and other experts who assessed the state of knowledge about climate change and its impacts on the Hawaiian archipelago and the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands. The report also examines the adaptive capacity of island communities in the region.