Leipzig : Druck und Verlag von Breitkopf und Hartel, 1876.

Heidelberg : J.C.B. Mohr, 1858.

Muenchen : Müller & Steinicke, 1911.

Halae : Typis Grunerti, [1817?]

Berlin : L. Schumacher, 1890.

Stuttgart : G. Kroner, 1889.

Edinburgh : Young J. Pentland, 1887.

[Paris] : [de l'Imprimerie de Clousier], [between 1780 and 1789]

Berlin : Peter Lang [2019]

Klemm (Family)

Stress alters brain function by modifying the structure and function of neurons and astrocytes. The fine processes of astrocytes are critical for the clearance of neurotransmitters during synaptic transmission. Thus, experience-dependent remodeling of glial processes is anticipated to alter the output of neural circuits. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie glial structural plasticity are not known. Here we show that a single exposure of male and female mice to an acute stress produced a long-lasting retraction of the lateral processes of cerebellar Bergmann glial cells. These cells express the GluA1 subunit of AMPA-type glutamate receptors, and GluA1 knockdown is known to shorten the length of glial processes. We found that stress reduced the level of GluA1 protein and AMPA receptor-mediated currents in Bergmann glial cells, and these effects were absent in mice devoid of CPEB3, a protein that binds to GluA1 mRNA and regulates GluA1 protein synthesis. Administration of a β-adrenergic receptor blocker attenuated the reduction in GluA1, and deletion of adenylate cyclase 5 prevented GluA1 suppression. Therefore, stress suppresses GluA1 protein synthesis via an adrenergic/adenylyl cyclase/CPEB3 pathway, and reduces the length of astrocyte lateral processes. Our results identify a novel mechanism for GluA1 subunit plasticity in non-neuronal cells and suggest a previously unappreciated role for AMPA receptors in stress-induced astrocytic remodeling.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Astrocytes play important roles in synaptic transmission by extending fine processes around synapses. In this study, we showed that a single exposure to an acute stress triggered a retraction of lateral/fine processes in mouse cerebellar astrocytes. These astrocytes express GluA1, a glutamate receptor subunit known to lengthen astrocyte processes. We showed that astrocytic structural changes are associated with a reduction of GluA1 protein levels. This requires activation of β-adrenergic receptors and is triggered by noradrenaline released during stress. We identified adenylyl cyclase 5, an enzyme that elevates cAMP levels, as a downstream effector and found that lowering GluA1 levels depends on CPEB3 proteins that bind to GluA1 mRNA. Therefore, stress regulates GluA1 protein synthesis via an adrenergic/adenylyl cyclase/CPEB3 pathway in astrocytes and remodels their fine processes.

Taken at Berg Lake in Canada.

Boris Schlossberg, BK Asset Management

Boris Schlossberg, BK Asset Management

Boris Schlossberg, BK Asset Management

Pernille Harder, Ada Hegerberg and Amandine Henry are shortlisted for the 2017/18 UEFA Women's Player of the Year award.

Lyon trio Lucy Bronze, Ada Hegerberg and Amandine Henry are the UEFA Women's Player of the Year nominees.

We know the 2018/19 UEFA Women's Player of the Year will be from Lyon: but which one?

As resistance to artemisinins (current frontline drugs in malaria treatment) emerges in south East Asia, there is an urgent need to identify the genetic determinants and understand the molecular mechanisms underpinning such resistance. Such insights could lead to prospective interventions to contain resistance and prevent the eventual spread to other malaria endemic regions. Artemisinin reduced susceptibility in South East Asia (SEA) has been primarily linked to mutations in P. falciparum Kelch-13, which is currently widely recognised as a molecular marker of artemisinin resistance. However, 2 mutations in a ubiquitin hydrolase, UBP-1, have been previously associated with artemisinin reduced susceptibility in a rodent model of malaria and some cases of UBP-1 mutation variants associating with artemisinin treatment failure have been reported in Africa and SEA. In this study, we have employed CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and pre-emptive drug pressures to test these artemisinin susceptibility associated mutations in UBP-1 in P. berghei sensitive lines in vivo. Using these approaches, we have shown that the V2721F UBP-1 mutation results in reduced artemisinin susceptibility, while the V2752F mutation results in resistance to chloroquine and moderately impacts tolerance to artemisinins. Genetic reversal of the V2752F mutation restored chloroquine sensitivity in these mutant lines while simultaneous introduction of both mutations could not be achieved and appears to be lethal. Interestingly, these mutations carry a detrimental growth defect, which would possibly explain their lack of expansion in natural infection settings. Our work has provided independent experimental evidence on the role of UBP-1 in modulating parasite responses to artemisinin and chloroquine under in vivo conditions.

For Norwegian international striker Ada Hegerberg, inspiring the next generation of women's players is a personal goal. In an interview which appears in the Women's U17 EURO tournament programme, we hear that the Olympique Lyonnais star wants budding young players to feel her same love of the game.

Pernille Harder, Ada Hegerberg and Amandine Henry are shortlisted for the 2017/18 UEFA Women's Player of the Year award.

We know the 2018/19 UEFA Women's Player of the Year will be from Lyon: but which one?

Lyon trio Lucy Bronze, Ada Hegerberg and Amandine Henry are the UEFA Women's Player of the Year nominees.

The all-time top UEFA women's club scorer among many, many honours: we salute Ada Hegerberg.

Crisis Group mourns the passing today of Sandy Berger, a tremendous friend and colleague who worked tirelessly to promote greater peace and security in a troubled world. He died of cancer at the age of 70.

Lyon trio Lucy Bronze, Ada Hegerberg and Amandine Henry are the UEFA Women's Player of the Year nominees.

We know the 2018/19 UEFA Women's Player of the Year will be from Lyon: but which one?

Ada Hegerberg became the all-time leading scorer in the competition with her 52nd goal, taking her only 50 games.

The all-time top UEFA women's club scorer among many, many honours: we salute Ada Hegerberg.

The Goldberg Variations: 32 Miniatures Based on Bach’s Keyboard Masterpiece, an exhibition of mixed media works by Gregg Silvis, will be on view in the Mezzanine Gallery from November 1-27, 2019.

In front of a packed audience here, Mark Zuckerberg turned on the charm.

Facebook used a Republican public relations firm to help repair its battered reputation following criticism of social media.

Thunberg has become a leading voice for action on climate change, inspiring millions of students to join protests around the world.

visit News18 Urdu for latest news, breaking news, news headlines and updates from Gulberga on politics, sports, entertainment, cricket, crime and more.

Paddelberg Topsite Script version 1.2.3 suffers from an authentication bypass vulnerability due to insecure cookie handling.

Wind or solar now represent the least expensive option for adding new power generation capacity in approximately two-thirds of the world.

Wind or solar now represent the least expensive option for adding new power generation capacity in approximately two-thirds of the world.

Utilities and renewable-energy advocates have long had a complicated relationship. Yet the prospect of PG&E Corp. tipping into bankruptcy by the end of January has sent shivers through the solar-and-wind sector.

Wind or solar now represent the least expensive option for adding new power generation capacity in approximately two-thirds of the world.

Utilities and renewable-energy advocates have long had a complicated relationship. Yet the prospect of PG&E Corp. tipping into bankruptcy by the end of January has sent shivers through the solar-and-wind sector.

Wind or solar now represent the least expensive option for adding new power generation capacity in approximately two-thirds of the world.

Adebayo Obajemu As part of Julius Berger Nigeria Plc’s continued efforts to support Federal, State and the Federal Capital Territory Governments in the fight to contain the Covid-19 pandemic, the company has expanded its food donation initiative to assist the vulnerable among the indigenes and residents of Abuja. The project which is themed “Food for our Communities […]

The post Julius Berger shares palliatives to Abuja Communities appeared first on Hallmarknews.

This year, the Petersberg Climate Dialogue (PCD), a platform for informal political discussion on climate policy related issues, took place online on 27 and 28 April 2020. One of the highlights of this year’s edition of the Petersberg Climate ...

...

Michael Bay clarified that it wasn’t his decision to lay off Megan Fox

Many workers will be displaced and many businesses will close as a result of the slowdown caused by COVID-19. Providing support to those affected gives them a fighting chance.

MUMBAI: US private equity firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co has made its entry in the country’s real estate sector by finalising investments of Rs 750 crore in two property projects. KKR has struck a structured debt transaction for Rs 400 crore for the Bhartiya Group’s integrated township project in Bangalore, two people with direct knowledge of the transactions said. It also agreed to provide a Rs 350 crore structured loan to the Wadhwa Group’s luxury home project in west central Mumbai, they said. The group will use the money to repay other lenders of the project, where the cost of apartments ranges from Rs 1.5 crore to Rs 10 […]

Two more firms are eyeing a share of Reliance Industries Ltd's $65-billion digital unit Jio Platforms, according to Bloomberg News, setting them up to be a part of a growing list of firms that have recently invested in the Indian company.