Aspergillus niger, the third species responsible for invasive aspergillosis has been considered as a homogeneous species until DNA-based identification uncovered many cryptic species. These species have been recently reclassified into the Aspergillus section Nigri. However little is yet known among the section Nigri about the species distribution and the antifungal susceptibility pattern of each cryptic species. A total of 112 clinical isolates collected from 5 teaching hospitals in France and phenotypically identified as A. niger were analyzed. Identification to the species level was carried out by nucleotide sequence analysis. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, isavuconazole and amphotericin B were determined by both the EUCAST and gradient concentration strips methods. Aspergillus tubingensis (n=51, 45.5%) and A. welwitschiae (n=50, 44.6%) were the most common species while A. niger accounted for only 6.3% (n=7). The MICs of azoles drugs were higher for A. tubingensis than for A. welwitschiae. The MIC of amphotericin B was 2 mg/L or less for all isolates. Importantly, MICs determined by EUCAST showed no correlation with those determined by gradient concentration strips methods, these latter being lower than the former (Spearman's rank correlation tests ranging - depending on the antifungal agent - from 0.01 to 0.25; p>0.4). In conclusion, A. niger should be considered as a minority species in the section Nigri. The differences in MICs between species for different azoles underline the importance of accurate identification. Significant divergences in the determination of MIC between EUCAST and gradient concentration strips methods require further investigation.

Introduction: This study was performed to evaluate the impacts of vanA-positivity of Enterococcus faecium (EFM) exhibiting diverse susceptibility phenotypes to glycopeptides on clinical outcomes in patients with a bloodstream infection (BSI) through a prospective, multicenter, observational study.

Methods: A total of 509 patients with an EFM BSI from eight sentinel hospitals in South Korea during a two-year period were enrolled in this study. Risk factors of the hosts and causative EFM isolates were assessed to determine associations with the 30-day mortality of EFM BSI patients via multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Results: The vanA gene was detected in 35.2% (179/509) of EFM isolates; 131 EFM isolates exhibited typical VanA phenotypes (group vanA-VanA), while the remaining 48 EFM isolates exhibited atypical phenotypes (group vanA-Atypical), including VanD (n = 43) and vancomycin-variable phenotypes (n = 5). A multivariable logistic regression indicated that vanA-positivity of causative pathogens was independently associated with the increased 30-day mortality rate in the patients with an EFM BSI; however, there was no significant difference in the survival rates between the patients of the vanA-VanA and vanA-Atypical groups (log-rank test, P = 0.904).

Conclusions: A high 30-day mortality rate was observed in patients with vanA-positive EFM BSIs, and vanA-positivity of causative EFM was an independent risk factor for early mortality irrespective of the susceptibility phenotypes to glycopeptides; thus, intensified antimicrobial stewardship is needed to improve clinical outcome of patients with vanA-positive EFM BSI.

The off-label use of third generation cephalosporin (3GC) during in ovo vaccination or vaccination of newly hatched chicks, was a common practice worldwide. CMY-2-producing Escherichia coli have been disseminated among broiler production. The objectives of this study were to determine the epidemiological linkage of bla_CMY-2-positive plasmids among broilers both within and outside Japan because grandparent stock and parent stock were imported in Japan. We examined the whole genome sequences of 132 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates collected from healthy broilers during 2002-2014. The predominant 3GC-resistance gene was bla_CMY-2, which was detected in the plasmids of 87 (65.9%) isolates. The main plasmid replicon types were IncI1-I (n=21; 24.1%), IncI (n=12; 13.8%), IncB/O/K/Z (n=28; 32.2%), and IncC (n=22; 25.3%). Those plasmids were subjected to gene clustering and network analyses and plasmid multi-locus sequence typing (pMLST). The chromosomal DNA of isolates was subjected to MLST and single nucleotide variant (SNV)-based phylogenetic analysis.

MLST and SNV-based phylogenetic analysis revealed high diversity of E. coli isolates. ST429 harboring bla_CMY-2-positive IncB/O/K/Z was closely related to isolates from broiler in Germany harboring bla_CMY-2-positive IncB/O/K/Z. pST55-IncI and pST12-IncI1-I and pST3-IncC were prevalent in western Japan. pST12-IncI1-I and pST3-IncC were closely related to those detected in E. coli isolates from chicken in American continent, whereas 26 IncB/O/K/Z were related to those in Europe. These data will be useful to reveal the whole picture of transmission of CMY-2-producing bacteria in and out of Japan.

Background

Optimal concentrations of unbound antimicrobials are essential for maximum microbiological effect. Although hypoalbuminemia and albumin fluid resuscitation are common in critical care, the effects of different albumin concentrations on the unbound concentrations of highly protein-bound antimicrobials are not known. The aim of this study was to compare effects of different albumin states on total and unbound concentrations of ertapenem and ceftriaxone using an ovine model.

Methods

Design

Prospective, three phase intervention observational study.

Subjects

Healthy Merino sheep.

Interventions

Eight sheep were subject to three experimental phases; normoalbuminemia, hypoalbuminemia using plasmapheresis and albumin replacement using a 25% albumin solution. In each phase, ceftriaxone 40 mg/kg and ertapenem 15 mg/kg were given intravenously. Blood samples were collected at pre-defined intervals and analyzed using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as area under the curve (AUC_0-24), plasma clearance (CL) and apparent volume of distribution in the terminal phase (V_d) were estimated and compared between the phases.

Results

The protein and albumin concentrations were significantly different between phases. Hypoalbuminemia resulted in a significantly lower AUC_0-24 and higher CL of total and unbound concentrations of ceftriaxone compared to the other phases. Whereas albumin replacement led to higher AUC_0-24 and lower CL compared to other phases for both drugs. The V_d for total drug concentrations for both drugs were significantly lower with albumin replacement.

Conclusions

For highly protein-bound drugs such as ceftriaxone and ertapenem, both hypoalbuminemia and albumin replacement may affect unbound drug exposure.

Avast is harvesting users' browser histories on the pretext that the data has been 'de-identified,' thus protecting your privacy. But the data, which is being sold to third parties, can be linked back to people's real identities, exposing every click and search they've made.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Children born very preterm (VPT) are at high risk of cognitive impairment that impacts their educational and social opportunities. This study examined the predictive accuracy of assessments at 2, 4, 6, and 9 years in identifying preterm children with cognitive impairment by 12 years.

Campaign Monitor is a satisfactory marketing tool, especially with email marketing features and analytics, but it trails the competition in areas like direct online support.

Benetech, a Palo Alto, Calif. based software company, is embarking on is third 5-year award with the U.S. Department of Education to create books for students with print disabilities.

If we truly want educational technology to take root in schools and finally live up to the promise we've been expecting for more than a decade, schools need to develop a cadre of well-trained tech instructional coaches.

The big difference between Spotify and Amazon Music Unlimited is Amazon offers an affordable tier of service available on just one Echo device. Here's how else they differ.

Watch Penn State Berks’ new video titled “One Community Impacting Many,” which showcases the depth and breadth of the college’s positive effects on the surrounding region.

The Brother ADS-1250W is a fast and accurate, no-nonsense portable document scanner for the small-business traveler.

Nurses act as caregiver, adviser, confidante, educator, advocate – often all at once – and for multiple patients. Nurses also shape policies at the national level as representatives of professional organizations. During National Nurses Week, we’re celebrating the important role nurses play, now and every day of the year.

House Democrats are demanding that companies return federal dollars that they say were intended for smaller businesses

Former Vice President Joe Biden has approved a series of new hires that will significantly expand his campaign ahead of the general election fight with President Trump.

The Coronavirus and International Affairs Roundtable, taking place 9:30 a.m. Friday, April 17, via Zoom, will bring together experts in law and international affairs from Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North America, and the Caribbean to discuss the broader impact of COVID-19.

The Penn State Law, Policy and Engineering initiative is hosting a virtual speaker series — titled, “Technology, Policy and Law during COVID-19” — that will consist of six sessions throughout the month of May.

The Internet of Things promises synergy between devices, but convenience comes at a cost: security. Users are (rightfully) wary to trust major tech companies with their information. A Google Survey poll found 48 percent of respondents distrust Facebook's involvement in IoT.

The detrimental impact of Covid-19 and the lockdown measures imposed on people across Scotland is to be investigated by MSPs.

The impact the Coronavirus outbreak has had on children and young people is to be explored by Holyrood’s Education and Skills Committee as it announces its work in response to the current public health crisis.

A Scottish Parliament Committee will take evidence from a leading microbiologist, Professor Hugh Pennington, as it begins its scrutiny of the Government’s response to COVID-19.

Impact of Covid-19 on care homes to be investigated by Health and Sport Committee

After recent confidence-eroding breaches, VPN providers are banding together to form a "trust initiative." This is the industry's much-needed chance to prove it's a safe guardian of customers' sensitive information, explains security expert Max Eddy.

Mathematics Vision Project has dismissed the lawsuit after the surprising move the company made this summer to take legal action against one of its most vocal parent critics.

Source: www.youtube.com - Thursday, April 30, 2020

Source: www.youtube.com - Thursday, May 07, 2020

Penn State researchers provide informed commentary on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the criminal justice system (CJS), focusing on its efforts to contain the spread of the virus through the three core components of the CJS — courts, corrections, and policing – as well as opportunities going forward. To read more, visit the "Insights from Experts" website — a partnership of Penn State's Social Science Research Institute and the Center for Health Care and Policy Research.

A freestyle world champion stars in an incredible keepy-up video across Europe to launch UEFA's #PlayAnywhere campaign, which also features eight top women's players and 13 unique locations.

Rita Ora is offering fans an opportunity to meet her as part of UEFA's newest women's football initiative.

Europe's most famous footballing families are supporting a new TV campaign by UEFA which calls on dads to encourage their daughters to play football.

OM brings starter schools to families in poor rural areas, benefiting both pupils and teachers in Bangladesh.

The Covid-19 lockdown only had a marginal effect on the results of Kaap Agri for the interim period until the end of March 2020, the group announced on Thursday. But it opted not to pay a dividend, in the interests of managing cash flow.

The company has also suspended its shares from the JSE, but maintains that there is still a "reasonable prospect" of rescuing the business.

There are many ways to add more "visual impact" to your maps. Some techniques grab the users' attention, but often don't add anything useful to the message the map is trying to convey (such as 3D tricks, or flashy/gratuitous images and infographics). I encourage you to design maps that have [...]

The post Giving your maps more visual impact! appeared first on Graphically Speaking.

Several countries that consistently outperform the U.S. on the Program for International Student Assessment also have more equitable education systems, but American schools are making progress on that front.

Across the 34 countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, education gives a strong return on investment for students in the workplace—unless you are a teacher.

The Weather Risk Management Club has continued meeting via Zoom during the remote learning period, carrying on their work examining the impacts of severe weather events on the economy.

A perceived lack of liquidity can make creditors uneasy.

The Sustainable Growth table offers it a most intriguing set of rankings to mull.

Learning how to listen and act with empathy is radically different from assuming traditional roles of teachers as experts, John M. Holland writes.

June 26, 2019 DOVER, DE – The Delaware Department of Insurance recently received notice of a data security breach suffered by Dominion National, an insurer and administrator of dental and vision benefits. On April 24, 2019, through its investigation of an internal alert, Dominion National discovered that servers containing enrollment data, demographic details, and personal […]

Investigations result in discovery and correction of issues impacting consumers The Delaware Department of Insurance’s Market Conduct Examinations resulted in the receipt of nearly $700,000 in fines during 2019 from more than a dozen companies found to violate the Insurance Code or other related regulations. The fines are contributed to the General Fund, providing funding […]

Workplace Safety Program saves $7.6 million for participants The Delaware Department of Insurance has analyzed new filings from the state’s top writers of workers’ compensation insurance after announcing the third consecutive year of decreased rates in November. The top writers represent nearly 10,000 companies that hold policies within the state. Policyholders of these companies will […]

A company working to make NASA spacesuits stronger and safer and another providing data to millions of drivers to help them avoid traffic jams are both growing in Delaware. Assistance from the state Division of Small Business, Development & Tourism is helping STF Technologies and TrafficCast take their businesses to the next level. “Growth in […]

Dover is unlocking the potential of its historic downtown with a new marketing campaign highlighting opportunities for small business owners ready to take their business dreams to the next level. State and local officials led by Gov. John Carney; Linda Parkowski, acting director of the Delaware Division of Small Business and Dover Mayor Robin Christiansen […]

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As tough taskmasters, challenges have a way of helping us expand the horizons of what we believe to be possible, and put our creativity to the best use while navigating around a tense situation.

WeChat also jumped on the bandwagon recently. Its story feature, Time Capsule, allows users to upload short, time-bound videos that appear on a user’s homepage with additional features such as music, location, emojis, etc.

Indian tea brands want a piece of this steaming hot business.