The 2018/19 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualifying round draw has been made in Nyon, starting the road to the July 2019 finals in Armenia.

The 13 qualifying round groups are complete, with 26 teams through to join top seeds Portugal and Germany in the elite round.

See who is through after October's mini-tournaments; the remaining groups run from 13 to 19 November.

Switzerland, England, Spain, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands and France extended their 100% starts.

041 - Draws to be held at UEFA headquarters in Nyon on 19 July

The road to the 16-team 2018/19 U17 EURO finals in the Republic of Ireland has begun with the qualifying round draw made, involving 52 of the hopefuls.

The 32 teams that will take part in March's elite round have been decided.

The 2019/20 qualifying round draw has set the first steps on the road to Estonia.

The 2018/19 qualifying round draw has been made in Nyon involving 48 of the record entry of 51, with Liechtenstein making their debut in a women's football competition.

The elite round line-up is complete with best third-placed teams Greece and Bulgaria joining the top two in each group.

Breidablik, Mitrovica, Hibernian, Minsk, ŽFK Spartak, BIIK-Kazygurt, Braga, Anderlecht, Twente and Vllaznia made it through.

See which 28 teams are through to the elite round after the 11 qualifying round groups ended.

See how the groups are unfolding and how the 15 sides to join England in the finals will be decided.

Spain will travel to the Netherlands as they begin their bid to win a third title while debutants Denmark and Wales will meet after the preliminary and main round draws were made.

Poland striker Robert Lewandowski finished top scorer in the European Qualifiers with a record 16 goals ahead of Cristiano Ronaldo, Romelu Lukaku and Christian Eriksen.

Check the fixtures and results for all ten matchdays of the European Qualifiers here.

An OMer in Kazakhstan tells of a Kazakh friend and believer who, finding herself pregnant again before she is ready, wrestles with cultural norms.

A timely book that explains the pandemic to children, helping satisfy their curiosity about it.

Verification of a USB4 router design is not just about USB4 but also about the inclusion of the three other major protocols namely, USB3, DisplayPort (DP), and PCI Express (PCIe). These protocols can be simultaneously tunneled through a USB4 router. Put in simple terms, such tunneling involves the conversion of the respective native USB3, DP, or PCIe protocol traffic into the USB4 transport layer packets, which are tunneled through a USB4 fabric, and converted back into the respective original native protocol traffic.

It may sound simple but is perhaps not.

There are several aspects in a router that come into picture to carry out this task of conversion of native protocol traffic, route it to the intended destination, and then convert it back to the original form. Some of those are the USB3, DP and PCIe protocol adapters, transport mechanism using routing, flow control, paths, path set-up and teardown, control and configuration, configuration spaces.

That is not all. There are core USB4 specific logical layer intricacies as well, which carry out the tasks of ensuring that all the USB4 ports and links are working as desired to provide up to 40Gbps speed and that the USB4 traffic flows through out the fabric in the intended way. These bring on the table features like High Speed link, ordered sets, lane initialization, lane adapter state machine, low power, lane bonding, RS-FEC, side band channel, sleep and wake, error checking.

All of these put together give rise to a very large verification space against which a USB4 router design should be verified. If we were to break down this space it can be broadly put in the following major dimensions,

• Protocol Adapter Layer
  • USB3 tunneling
  • DP tunneling
  • PCIe tunneling
• Host Interface Adapter Layer
• Transport Layer
  • Flow control
  • Routing
  • Paths
• Configuration layer and control packet protocol
• Configuration spaces
• Logical Layer

The independent verification of these dimensions is not all that would qualify the design as verified. They have to be verified in various combinations of each other too. Overall, all the parts of a USB4 router system need to be working together coherently.

For example, the following diagram depicts the various layers that a USB4 router may comprise of,

A USB4 router or a domain of routers does not work on its own. There is a Connection Manager per domain, which is a software-based entity managing a domain. A router provides the various capabilities for a Connection Manager to carry out its responsibilities of managing a domain.

It would not be an exaggeration to say that the spectrum of verification of a USB4 router ranges from the very minute details of logical layer to the system-level like multiple dependencies as the whole USB4 system is brought up layer by layer, step-by-step.

Cadence has a mature Verification IP solution that can help in the verification of USB4 designs. Cadence has taken an active part in the working group that defined the USB4 specification and has created a comprehensive Verification IP that is being used by multiple members in the last two years.

If you plan to have a USB4 compatible design, you can reduce the risk of adopting a new technology by using our proven and mature USB4 Verification IP. Please contact your Cadence local account team for more details and to get connected.

Analog and Mixed-signal (AMS) designs are increasingly using active power management to minimize power consumption. Typical mixed-signal design uses several power domains and operate in a dozen or more power modes including multiple functional, standby and test modes. To save power, parts of design not active in a mode are shut down or may operate at reduced supply voltage when high performance is not required. These and other low power techniques are applied on both analog and digital parts of the design. Digital designers capture power intent in standard formats like Common Power Format (CPF), IEEE1801 (aka Unified Power Format or UPF) or Liberty and apply it top-down throughout design, verification and implementation flows. Analog parts are often designed bottom-up in schematic without upfront defined power intent. Verifying that low power intent is implemented correctly in mixed-signal design is very challenging. If not discovered early, errors like wrongly connected power nets, missing level shifters or isolations cells can cause costly rework or even silicon re-spin. 

Mixed-signal designers rely on simulation for functional verification. Although still necessary for electrical and performance verification, running simulation on so many power modes is not an effective verification method to discover low power errors. It would be nice to augment simulation with formal low power verification but a specification of power intent for analog/mixed-signal blocs is missing. So how do we obtain it? Can we “extract” it from already built analog circuit? Fortunately, yes we can, and we will describe an automated way to do so!

Virtuoso Power Manager is new tool released in the Virtuoso IC6.1.8 platform which is capable of managing power intent in an Analog/MS design which is captured in Virtuoso Schematic Editor. In setup phase, the user identifies power and ground nets and registers special devices like level shifters and isolation cells. The user has the option to import power intent into IEEE1801 format, applicable for top level or any of the blocks in design. Virtuoso Power Manager uses this information to traverse the schematic and extract complete power intent for the entire design. In the final stage, Virtuoso Power Manager exports the power intent in IEEE1801 format as an input to the formal verification tool (Cadence Conformal-LP) for static verification of power intent.

Cadence and Infineon have been collaborating on the requirements and validation of the Virtuoso Power Manager tool and Low Power verification solution on real designs. A summary of collaboration results were presented at the DVCon conference in Munich, in October of 2018.  Please look for the paper in the conference proceedings for more details. Alternately, can view our Cadence webinar on Verifying Low-Power Intent in Mixed-Signal Design Using Formal Method for more information.

Bank asset management is known to be an opaque subject. Thankfully, Diana Weis and Sarah Disch, each co-heads of the Solar Asset Management groups at their organizations, U.S. Bank and Wells Fargo Bank respectively, shared their expertise with me at SAMNA 2019. They each have over a decade of experience in solar finance. Here are three key takeaways bank asset management experts Weis and Disch shared:

Bracken Hill Court at Ackworth Management Company Ltd v Dobson [2018] UKUT 333 (LC) The Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) has upheld an appeal from a management company and determined that contracts of less than 12 months are not Qualifying Long T...

Introduction Relevant facts The Court’s decision Whether the Remedies Directive permits the imposition of conditions for claiming damages Clarifying the burden of proof when claiming damages for loss of profit Grounds on which a contracting...

In an interview with Natasa Meli, SACAP’s Head of Online Campus, she discusses how resistance to online learning has changed.

Since Samsung’s acquisition of HARMAN less than two years ago, the two companies have worked closely to create and implement connective technologies that align with what consumers want today – and in the future. As technology grows ever more capable,...

Lessons from the deep past reveal that human-induced warming could create more extreme conditions than Earth has ever experienced

Food tastes satisfying thanks to the amino acid glutamate, which stimulates the umami taste. Sam Wong explains how to boost it in your recipes

Julia Ebner infiltrated the hidden forums that extremists use. Her experiences lay bare how they hijack social media and video games to spread hate – and how to beat them

Cloud technology, big data and artificial intelligence are empowering automakers to create in-car experiences that rival the at-home experience for end users. Automakers themselves can leverage these technologies over time to consistently and ...

Julia Ebner infiltrated the hidden forums that extremists use. Her experiences lay bare how they hijack social media and video games to spread hate – and how to beat them

The question of the relative evolutionary roles of adaptive and nonadaptive processes has been a central debate in population genetics for nearly a century. While advances have been made in the theoretical development of the underlying models, and statistical methods for estimating their parameters from large-scale genomic data, a framework for an appropriate null model remains elusive. A model incorporating evolutionary processes known to be in constant operation, genetic drift (as modulated by the demographic history of the population) and purifying selection, is lacking. Without such a null model, the role of adaptive processes in shaping within- and between-population variation may not be accurately assessed. Here, we investigate how population size changes and the strength of purifying selection affect patterns of variation at "neutral" sites near functional genomic components. We propose a novel statistical framework for jointly inferring the contribution of the relevant selective and demographic parameters. By means of extensive performance analyses, we quantify the utility of the approach, identify the most important statistics for parameter estimation, and compare the results with existing methods. Finally, we reanalyze genome-wide population-level data from a Zambian population of Drosophila melanogaster, and find that it has experienced a much slower rate of population growth than was inferred when the effects of purifying selection were neglected. Our approach represents an appropriate null model, against which the effects of positive selection can be assessed.

Positive selection causes beneficial alleles to rise to high frequency, resulting in a selective sweep of the diversity surrounding the selected sites. Accordingly, the signature of a selective sweep in an ancestral population may still remain in its descendants. Identifying signatures of selection in the ancestor that are shared among its descendants is important to contextualize the timing of a sweep, but few methods exist for this purpose. We introduce the statistic SS-H12, which can identify genomic regions under shared positive selection across populations and is based on the theory of the expected haplotype homozygosity statistic H12, which detects recent hard and soft sweeps from the presence of high-frequency haplotypes. SS-H12 is distinct from comparable statistics because it requires a minimum of only two populations, and properly identifies and differentiates between independent convergent sweeps and true ancestral sweeps, with high power and robustness to a variety of demographic models. Furthermore, we can apply SS-H12 in conjunction with the ratio of statistics we term and to further classify identified shared sweeps as hard or soft. Finally, we identified both previously reported and novel shared sweep candidates from human whole-genome sequences. Previously reported candidates include the well-characterized ancestral sweeps at LCT and SLC24A5 in Indo-Europeans, as well as GPHN worldwide. Novel candidates include an ancestral sweep at RGS18 in sub-Saharan Africans involved in regulating the platelet response and implicated in sudden cardiac death, and a convergent sweep at C2CD5 between European and East Asian populations that may explain their different insulin responses.

There is increasing interest in developing diagnostics that discriminate individual mutagenic mechanisms in a range of applications that include identifying population-specific mutagenesis and resolving distinct mutation signatures in cancer samples. Analyses for these applications assume that mutagenic mechanisms have a distinct relationship with neighboring bases that allows them to be distinguished. Direct support for this assumption is limited to a small number of simple cases, e.g., CpG hypermutability. We have evaluated whether the mechanistic origin of a point mutation can be resolved using only sequence context for a more complicated case. We contrasted single nucleotide variants originating from the multitude of mutagenic processes that normally operate in the mouse germline with those induced by the potent mutagen N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU). The considerable overlap in the mutation spectra of these two samples make this a challenging problem. Employing a new, robust log-linear modeling method, we demonstrate that neighboring bases contain information regarding point mutation direction that differs between the ENU-induced and spontaneous mutation variant classes. A logistic regression classifier exhibited strong performance at discriminating between the different mutation classes. Concordance between the feature set of the best classifier and information content analyses suggest our results can be generalized to other mutation classification problems. We conclude that machine learning can be used to build a practical classification tool to identify the mutation mechanism for individual genetic variants. Software implementing our approach is freely available under an open-source license.

Purpose:

Clinical evidence shows minimal benefit to vitamin D screening and subsequent treatment in the general population. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of 2 light-touch interventions on reducing vitamin D test orders.

Background

Clinically significant CKD following surgery for kidney cancer is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, but identifying patients at increased CKD risk remains difficult. Simple methods to stratify risk of clinically significant CKD after nephrectomy are needed.

Transportation infrastructure owners manage an array of different asset types such as bridges, road pavements, earthworks and drainage. Currently, most organization management procedures are siloed by asset type; however, there are important interactions between these asset groups that need to be managed in a cross-asset way. Although these interactions are known, there is little or no quantification of these interactions. For the first time, this paper quantifies that 74% of Highways England's earthwork failures are a result of drainage-related problems, either the lack of drainage infrastructure or the poor performance of it. The analysis undertaken is an important first step not only in moving towards more connected asset management planning for earthworks and drainage, but to also provide guidance for other owners of earthwork infrastructure assets to improve their strategic asset management procedures.

Thematic collection: This article is part of the Ground-related risk to transportation infrastructure collection available at https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/Ground-related-risk-to-transportation-infrastructure

A vial-capping process for lyophilization stopper configurations was previously quantified using residual seal force (RSF). A correlation between RSF and container closure integrity (CCI) was established, and component positional offsets were identified to be the primary source of variability in RSF measurements.

To gain insight into the effects of stopper geometry on CCI, serum stoppers with the same rubber formulation were investigated in this study. Unlike lyophilization stoppers that passed CCI (per helium leak testing) even with RSF of 0 N owing to their excellent valve seal, serum stoppers consistently failed CCI when RSF was <15.8 N. When the plug was removed, both types of stoppers exhibited a comparable critical lower RSF limit (19–20 N), below which CCI could not be maintained. When CCI was retested at later time points (up to 6 mo), some previously failed vials passed CCI, suggesting that CCI improvement might be related to rubber relaxation (viscous flow), which can fill minor imperfections on the vial finish.

To confirm component positional offsets are the primary sources of RSF variability, a novel quantification tool—micro-computed tomography (micro-CT)—was used in this study. Micro-CT provided images for quantification of positional offsets of the cap and stopper that directly correlated with RSF fluctuations. Serum stoppers and lyophilization stoppers are comparable in RSF variations, although lyophilization stoppers are more robust in CCI. The use of micro-CT provides a nondestructive and innovative tool in quantitatively analyzing component features of capped vials that would otherwise be difficult to investigate.

Background and objectives

Shared decision making in patients with glomerular disease remains challenging because outcomes important to patients remain largely unknown. We aimed to identify and prioritize outcomes important to patients and caregivers and to describe reasons for their choices.

Premier industry experts also share an overview of the first quarter of the year, as well as brief market forecasts.

Julia Ebner infiltrated the hidden forums that extremists use. Her experiences lay bare how they hijack social media and video games to spread hate – and how to beat them

The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak in La Loche is being attributed to citizens who've ignored physical distancing measures.

Eric Alterman

The post The Press Is Amplifying a Dangerous Know-Nothing Ideology appeared first on The Nation.

Former 'Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?' contestant also branded original host Tarrant a 'liar'

April 16, 2020, Toronto: Music Canada welcomes the recent clarification from the Federal Government on the guidelines for eligibility for the Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB). Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has responded to concerns around the preliminary rules that excluded people working reduced hours. These needed changes will help support artists and musicians who in […]

The post Music Canada applauds Government of Canada for clarifying CERB guidelines for artists and musicians appeared first on Music Canada.

Charlie Nicholas says Arsenal's inability to convince big stars to extend their contracts is "terrifying" but doubts that Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang actually wants to leave Emirates Stadium.

The Federal Energy Minister says he will apologise to Sydney's Lord Mayor for "not clarifying" figures he used to criticise her over the council's travel costs.

"They were looking for a problem."

We just shouldn’t be commenting on Adele’s body at all, activists say.