emo Crucial 32 GB DDR5-6400 CL52 CUDIMM Memory Review and more @ NT Compatible By www.majorgeeks.com Published On :: Sat, 09 Nov 2024 03:48:24 -0500 ... Full Article
emo Official Google Webmaster Central Blog: Requesting removal of content from our index By googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.com Published On :: Thu, 07 Aug 2014 15:54:13 +0000 Tags: google openscholar tools Full Article
emo Workers' safety stressed at Baldia carnage memorial By tribune.com.pk Published On :: Wed, 11 Sep 24 22:39:02 +0500 The bereaved families lit lamps in front of the photos of their deceased loved ones, paying tribute to their memory. Full Article Sindh Pakistan
emo Malaika Arora shares emotional tribute to father following his death By tribune.com.pk Published On :: Thu, 12 Sep 24 06:11:16 +0500 The actress asks for respect and privacy as her family navigates this difficult period. Full Article Pakistan
emo Imran Khan defends K-P CM, urges PTI to remove 'cowards' who apologised for Gandapur By tribune.com.pk Published On :: Tue, 10 Sep 24 09:25:05 +0500 PTI's founding leader reiterates claims of betrayal by the establishment, state negotiations are now off the table. Full Article Pakistan
emo Shopify. How to add/remove tag filter in Collections pages By www.templatemonster.com Published On :: Fri, 03 Jan 2020 08:56:35 +0000 This tutorial shows how to add/remove filter tag in collection pages in Shopify. The post Shopify. How to add/remove tag filter in Collections pages appeared first on Template Monster Help. Full Article Shopify Tutorials collection filter page Shopify tag
emo Saudi couple exchanges vows in underwater wedding ceremony By www.geo.tv Published On :: Mon, 21 Oct 2024 22:50:00 +0500 The picture shows couple tying knot under water. — Saudi Ajel NewspaperBeneath the crystal-clear waters of the Red Sea in Jeddah, Hasan Abu Ola and Yasmine Daftardar tied the knot in an underwater wedding ceremony.The Muslim couple got married in a dazzling view filled with... Full Article
emo Biden, Trump and Harris stand together in 9/11 memorial ceremonies By tribune.com.pk Published On :: Thu, 12 Sep 24 01:14:52 +0500 From New York to Pennsylvania, solemn ceremonies mark the 23rd anniversary of the 9/11 attacks Full Article World
emo Google Asked to Remove 10 Billion “Pirate” Search Results By torrentfreak.com Published On :: Tue, 05 Nov 2024 11:39:25 +0000 Rightsholders have asked Google to remove more than 10 billion 'copyright infringing' URLs from its search results. The search engine doesn't celebrate the milestone in any way, but the takedown notices document intriguing shifts in volume over time, as well as shifting takedown interests. From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more. Full Article Piracy DMCA google
emo Aima Baig to perform at Champions One-Day Cup opening ceremony By tribune.com.pk Published On :: Thu, 12 Sep 24 10:20:10 +0500 Aima Baig’s performance will add glamour to the Champions One-Day Cup, which starts today at Iqbal Stadium. Full Article Pakistan Sports
emo ‘Jihad for democracy’: Imran Khan urges PTI to prepare for nationwide street movement By tribune.com.pk Published On :: Thu, 12 Sep 24 13:24:51 +0500 Nawaz Sharif has been kept in check with a scare, otherwise he would have fled long ago, says PTI founder Full Article Pakistan
emo Sydkoreansk panda adopterer demodog-tvillinger By rokokoposten.dk Published On :: Thu, 13 Jul 2023 18:28:47 +0000 Pandaen Ai Bao rejste selv til The Upside Down for at hente de forældreløse demodog-tvillinger. Indlægget Sydkoreansk panda adopterer demodog-tvillinger blev først udgivet på RokokoPosten. Full Article Udland
emo Jeppe Bruus: kvinder skal beskattes af deres “emotional labour” By rokokoposten.dk Published On :: Thu, 02 May 2024 10:30:57 +0000 Inspireret af Emma Holtens nye bog, Underskud - Om værdien af omsorg, vil skatteminister Jeppe Bruus gøre kvinders usynlige arbejde skattepligtigt. Indlægget Jeppe Bruus: kvinder skal beskattes af deres “emotional labour” blev først udgivet på RokokoPosten. Full Article Indland
emo India's top court denounces BJP's demolition drive mainly targeting minority Muslims By www.geo.tv Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 16:46:00 +0500 Police officers throw stones towards the demonstrators during a protest against a government demolition drive, in Haldwani in the northern state of Uttarakhand, India, February 8, 2024. — Reuters Pleas were filed after demolitions in BJP-ruled states. Rights groups,... Full Article
emo Norway's Kon-Tiki Museum returns artifacts to Chile's remote Easter Island By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 07:54:11 -0500 Artifacts and human remains taken by a Norwegian explorer and anthropologist in the late 1940s are being returned by a museum in Oslo to Chile's remote territory of Easter Island in the mid-Pacific, the Kon-Tiki Museum said Wednesday. Full Article
emo Missing for 5 years, Notre Dame's iconic bells return in emotional ceremony By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 13:40:37 -0500 The iconic Notre Dame Cathedral is ringing its bells once more, five years after a devastating fire nearly destroyed the Paris landmark. Full Article
emo Democrat Angela Alsobrooks defeats popular ex-Gov. Larry Hogan in Maryland Senate race By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Tue, 05 Nov 2024 21:37:44 -0500 Democrat Angela Alsobrooks won the Senate race in deep-blue Maryland on Tuesday over Republican Larry Hogan, a former two-term governor who failed to convert his popularity into an upset win. Full Article
emo Democratic Sen. Tim Kaine of Virginia fends off GOP challenger Hung Cao to win 3rd term By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Tue, 05 Nov 2024 23:35:38 -0500 Democratic U.S. Sen. Tim Kaine of Virginia won reelection to his third term Tuesday, defeating Republican challenger Hung Cao. Full Article
emo Eugene Vindman grabs victory for Democrats in Virginia House race By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 18:51:21 -0500 Democratic House candidate Eugene Vindman was victorious Wednesday over his Republican opponent for Virginia's 7th District. Full Article
emo Democrat April McClain-Delaney win House seat in Maryland's 6th District By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Sun, 10 Nov 2024 09:41:03 -0500 April McClain-Delaney, a Democrat, was announced the winner of the open seat in Maryland's 6th Congressional District late Saturday, four days after Election Day. Full Article
emo Art Garfunkel recounts recent emotional reunion with musical partner Paul Simon By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 15:41:16 -0500 Musician Art Garfunkel recently reunited with on-again/off-again musical partner Paul Simon, looking to reconcile their differences and make amends. Full Article
emo Emotional Hamilton drives Senna's car before Brazilian Grand Prix, regrets he can't race with it By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Sun, 03 Nov 2024 09:57:00 -0500 British driver Lewis Hamilton has won seven Formula One titles, holds multiple records and has clocked some of the fastest laps in history. But the greatest honor of his career, according to the 39-year-old, came on Sunday as he drove the late Ayrton Senna's title-winning car around Interlagos ahead of this afternoon's Brazilian Grand Prix. Full Article
emo How Democrats lost the male vote By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 13:53:41 -0500 While researching "The Boy Crisis," I interviewed a young man from Mill Valley, California, a city with deep Democratic ties. As the interview concluded, he said, "I wish I hadn't been born male." Full Article
emo Democrats self-examine, but not the mainstream news media By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 16:46:16 -0500 It's been a week since President-elect Donald Trump's landslide reelection, and some Democrats are using words such as "realignment," "self-reflection" and "regret." Full Article
emo George Soros' death grip on the Democratic Party loosened on Nov. 5 By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 14:25:21 -0500 The hard-left billionaire George Soros and his heir apparent son Alex have championed, with donations, defunding the police movement, open borders and soft prosecutors. Full Article
emo Democrats' defeat was even worse outside blue bastions By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 15:40:37 -0500 Kamala Harris's defeat runs deeper for Democrats than its surface appearance. Even at first sight, it was stunning: Ms. Harris didn't just lose the presidency but, unthinkably, the popular vote too. Full Article
emo Democrats opt for a dark final campaign message to voters By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Fri, 01 Nov 2024 18:19:28 -0400 Time is almost up for the presidential contenders. Full Article
emo Letter to the editor: Democrats united us -- against them By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 10:07:45 -0500 Starting in the Obama administration and continuing through Vice President Kamala Harris' run for president, the Democrats have pledged to bring the American people back together. Full Article
emo New White Sox manager Will Venable anticipates keeping Grady Sizemore as part of his coaching staff By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 15:34:28 -0500 Will Venable is a busy man these days. The new manager of the Chicago White Sox is learning his way around the organization. He is talking to his new players and working with the front office on its offseason plans. Full Article
emo Democratic Sen. Amy Klobuchar of Minnesota wins 4th term, defeating ex-NBA player Royce White By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 03:53:01 -0500 Democratic U.S. Sen. Amy Klobuchar has won a fourth term, defeating anti-establishment Republican and former NBA player Royce White in Minnesota's top election matchup. Full Article
emo Traumatized by war, hundreds of Lebanon's children struggle with wounds both physical and emotional By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 00:37:35 -0500 Curled up in his father's lap, clinging to his chest, Hussein Mikdad cried his heart out. The 4-year-old kicked his doctor with his intact foot and pushed him away with the arm that was not in a cast. "My Dad! My Dad!" Hussein said. "Make him leave me alone!" With eyes tearing up in relief and pain, the father reassured his son and pulled him closer. Full Article
emo RFK Jr. cues up clash by calling for the removal of fluoride from drinking water By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 10:11:40 -0500 Robert F. Kennedy Jr. is pushing President-elect Donald Trump to crack down on fluoride levels in drinking water, saying the mineral can lead to unintended medical problems -- and setting up a clash with medical experts who defend it as a proven way to fighting cavities. Full Article
emo Democrats for Life wins 97% of endorsed elections in rebuke to party's abortion stance By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 17:46:04 -0500 Democrats for Life of America said Tuesday that 97% of its endorsed candidates won their races in last week's election, which raises the question: Is there such a thing as a pro-life Democrat? Full Article
emo Puigdemont, presidente Catalogna: faremo rispettare l'esito del referendum sull'indipendenza By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Thu, 10 Aug 2017 12:00:00 +0200 La Catalogna marcia verso il referendum del 1 ottobre per l'indipendenza dalla Spagna. I gruppi separatisti hanno consegnato al Parlamento regionale la legge per la convocazione del voto, che Madrid definisce illegale e promette di fermare a tutti i costi. "Piuttosto che rinunciare al referendum mi faccio arrestare", risponde il presidente catalano Carles Puigdemont. Mario Magarò lo ha intervistato a Barcellona – VIDEO: See more at: http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/media/Son-magaro-barcellona-020817-171-0752614e-56b1-4312-9f2a-d84557ecbc57.html RAI News Mario Magaró 02-08-2017.- Full Article
emo Catalogna, niente estradizione per Puigdemont: il giudice ritira il mandato di cattura internazionale By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Thu, 26 Jul 2018 11:00:00 +0200 L'ex presidente avrà libertà di movimento in tutto il mondo, ma non potrà rientrare a Barcellona: in polemica con la magistratura tedesca, che aveva respinto l'accusa di ribellione, il Tribunale supremo spagnolo rinuncia a farsi consegnare il leader indipendentista per non doverlo giudicare solo per il reato di malversazione REPUBBLICA 19-07-2018 di ALESSANDRO OPPES Estradizione? No, grazie. Pur di non dover sottostare al diktat della giustizia tedesca - che nei giorni scorsi aveva ritenuto legittima solo l’accusa di malversazione respingendo quella, ben più grave, di ribellione (reato punibile in Spagna con 30 anni di carcere) – il giudice del Tribunale Supremo di Madrid, Pablo Llarena, ha deciso di ritirare il mandato di cattura internazionale nei confronti dell’ex presidente catalano Carles Puigdemont e di altri cinque dirigenti separatisti riparati all’estero. Resta in vigore, invece, l’ordine di detenzione all’interno del territorio spagnolo. Questo significa che Puigdemont, attualmente in libertà in Germania, avrà d’ora in poi completa libertà di movimento in tutto il mondo ma non potrà rientrare a Barcellona. E come lui gli ex assessori Toni Comín, Meritxell Serret, Lluis Puig e Clara Ponsatí e l’ex segretaria generale di Esquerra Republicana, Marta Rovira. Il giudice Llarena sceglie dunque l’unica soluzione che, al momento, gli consente di non dover rimettere in discussione tutto l’impianto accusatorio formulato in questi mesi (a partire dall’ottobre scorso, quando il Parlament de Catalunya approvò la dichiarazione d’indipendenza) contro tutto lo stato maggiore del movimento secessionista. Se Puigdemont fosse stato consegnato a Madrid dalle autorità tedesche, la magistratura spagnola avrebbe potuto prendere in considerazione solo l’ipotesi accusatoria riconosciuta come ammissibile dal tribunale dello Schleswig-Holstein, cioè quella di malversazione di fondi pubblici (l’eventualità che l’ex presidente abbia utilizzato denaro delle casse della Generalitat, l’amministrazione regionale, per organizzare il referendum secessionista dello scorso 1 ottobre, dichiarato illegale dal Tribunale costituzionale spagnolo). In questo caso, trattandosi di un reato minore, non solo sarebbe stato improponibile ipotizzare una carcerazione preventiva per Puigdemont. Ma con ogni probabilità Llarena avrebbe dovuto rimettere in libertà anche tutti gli altri dirigenti indipendentisti che sono in cella (prima nella regione madrilena, ora trasferiti da poco in carceri catalane) arrestati tra l’ottobre e il gennaio scorsi. Dall’ex vice-presidente Oriol Junqueras ai due “Jordis” (gli ex presidenti dei movimenti della società civile catalana Anc e Omnium Cultural, Jordi Sànchez e Jordi Cuixart), agli ex responsabili degli Esteri e degli Interni del Govern, Raül Romeva e Joaquim Forn, oltre al candidato alla presidenza della regione Jordi Turull, arrestato 24 ore dopo aver perso il voto di investitura parlamentare. Niente libertà, invece, per tutti loro: proprio oggi la procura ha respinto l’ipotesi di scarcerazione, mantenendo lo stesso criterio seguito ai tempi del governo conservatore di Mariano Rajoy, nonostante l’arrivo in queste settimane di una nuova procuratrice generale dello Stato, Maria José Segarra, nominata su proposta dell’esecutivo socialista di Pedro Sánchez. Full Article
emo IL CASO PUIGDEMONT: LA "PROVA DEL FUOCO" DEL MANDATO D'ARRESTO EUROPEO By www.collectiuemma.cat Published On :: Mon, 06 Aug 2018 13:15:00 +0200 DIRITTO PENALE CONTEMPORANEO 4 luglio 2018 | Luigi Foffani Per leggere la decisione dell'OLG del 5 aprile 2018, clicca qui. Per leggere la decisione definitiva dell'OLG del 12 luglio 2018, clicca qui. 1. La mattina del 25 marzo 2018 Carles Puigdemont, ex-Presidente della Generalitat de Catalunya, viene fermato alla guida di un automobile su un’autostrada dello Schleswig-Holstein, pochi chilometri dopo l’ingresso nel territorio della Repubblica Federale Tedesca. Puigdemont – che risiedeva a Bruxelles dal 28 ottobre 2017, per sfuggire al mandato di cattura del Tribunal Supremo spagnolo – si era recato in Danimarca per una conferenza e stava rientrando in Belgio attraverso la Germania. Contro di lui viene emessa una richiesta di mandato d’arresto europeo (MAE) per i delitti di “ribellione” (“rebelión”: art. 472 CP esp) e peculato (“malversación de caudales públicos”: art. 432 e 252 CP esp). L’Oberlandsgericht dello Schsleswig-Holstein, con la decisione del 5 aprile 2018 respinge senza esitazione la richiesta di mandato d’arresto europeo per quanto riguarda il delitto di “rebelión”: tale delitto infatti non ricade in alcun modo nel “campo d’applicazione del mandato d’arresto europeo” descritto dall’art. 2 della Decisione quadro del 13 giugno 2002 “relativa al mandato d’arresto europeo e alle procedure di consegna tra Stati membri” (2002/584/GAI) ed anche la richiesta di estradizione appare a prima vista inammissibile per la mancanza di una “beiderseitige Strafbarkeit” (“doppia incriminazione”). Diversamente invece non sarebbe inammissibile – secondo l’OLG Schleswig-Holstein – la richiesta di mandato d’arresto europeo in relazione al secondo delitto (peculato, “malversación de caudales públicos”, “Veruntreuung öffentlicher Gelder”), che sarebbe riconducibile alla fattispecie di corruzione richiamata dalla Decisione quadro; ma la richiesta del Tribunal Supremo spagnolo – secondo l’OLG – “non contiene una sufficiente descrizione delle circostanze, sulla base delle quali il reato sarebbe stato commesso, con una necessaria concretizzazione del rimprovero penale, che renda possibile la sua riconducibilità al comportamento addebitato all’imputato. […] Non è chiaro peraltro se lo Stato sia stato realmente gravato di questi costi, nella misura in cui questi siano stati effettivamente pagati con fondi del bilancio regionale e se l’imputato abbia occasionato queste spese”. La decisione dell’OLG Schleswig-Holstein risulta pienamente corretta e convincente, sulla base della disciplina europea e nazionale del mandato d’arresto europeo e dell’estradizione. 2. Quanto al primo e più importante punto (il supposto delitto di “rebelión”) è del tutto evidente l’inesistenza in concreto del requisito della “doppia incriminazione” (“beiderseitige Strafbarkeit”, “double criminality”), necessario per dar corso alla richiesta di estradizione ai sensi del § 3 comma 1 della legge sulla cooperazione giudiziaria internazionale in materia penale (Gesetz über die Internationale Rechtshilfe in Strafsachen, IRG). Il comportamento tenuto da Puigdemont e dagli altri leader indipendentisti durante tutto il percorso politico-istituzionale che ha portato al referendum dell’1 ottobre 2017 e alla successiva dichiarazione unilaterale di indipendenza del 27 ottobre sarebbe infatti – sulla base di una ipotetica applicazione al caso in esame del diritto tedesco – penalmente irrilevante. Il delitto di “Hochverrat gegen den Bund” (“alto tradimento contro lo Stato federale”) – punito dal § 81 StGB con l’ergastolo o con una pena detentiva non inferiore a 10 anni – richiede infatti che si sia concretamente perseguita la separazione di una parte del territorio nazionale “con violenza o tramite minaccia di violenza” (“mit Gewalt oder durch Drohung mit Gewalt”). L’OLG Schleswig-Holstein richiama correttamente la giurisprudenza del Bundesgerichtshof tedesco, che richiede per l’applicazione in concreto di una così grave fattispecie incriminatrice – ed anche della molto più lieve ipotesi della “violenza contro un organo costituzionale” (“Nötigung eines Verfassungsorgans“: § 105 comma 1 StGB) – che la violenza impiegata o minacciata dai rivoltosi abbia concretamente annullato la libertà di decisione nel caso specifico dell’organo costituzionale destinatario della violenza. Un’ipotesi che – come correttamente rileva l’OLG Schleswig-Holstein – mai si è concretamente verificata durante il processo indipendentista dei mesi scorsi, né nei confronti del Parlamento catalano, né nei confronti delle Cortes spagnole. Ma a ben vedere anche sulla base del diritto spagnolo – che l’OLG Schleswig-Holstein non prende in considerazione, in quanto una simile analisi non rientrava nelle sue competenze – l’imputazione formulata dal Tribunal Supremo spagnolo risulta del tutto inverosimile. Il delitto di “rebelión”[1] (art. 472 e 473 CP) punisce infatti con una pena elevatissima (reclusione da 25 a 30 anni, poiché il Tribunal Supremo contesta a Puigdemont e agli altri imputati l’aggravante di aver “distratto i fondi pubblici dalla loro legittima destinazione”) “los que se alzaren violenta y públicamente para cualquiera de los fines siguientes” (“coloro che si sollevino violentemente e pubblicamente per qualsiasi delle seguenti finalità”), fra le quali finalità viene prevista espressamente “declarar la indepedencia de una parte del territorio nacional” (art. 472 n. 5° CP esp.). L’unico elemento di questo gravissimo delitto che possa ragionevolmente ritenersi integrato dal processo indipendentista catalano è l’evento, ossia la dichiarazione unilaterale di indipendenza del 27 ottobre 2017, in esecuzione del risultato del referendum dell’1 ottobre (dichiarato preventivamente illegittimo dal Tribunal constitucional). È indiscutibile dunque l’esistenza della finalità tipica del delitto di “rebelión” a carico di Puigdemont e degli altri imputati, ma è altrettanto evidente l’assoluta inesistenza della condotta materiale tipica di tale grave delitto e soprattutto di un qualsivoglia nesso di causalità fra la condotta e l’evento che rappresentava l’obiettivo di tale illecita finalità. L’art. 472 descrive la condotta tipica come il fatto di “alzarse violenta y públicamente” per conseguire una delle finalità penalmente rilevanti della “rebelión” (quale appunto la separazione della Catalunya dallo Stato spagnolo). In realtà chiunque sia stato in Catalunya nei mesi scorsi ha potuto rilevare il carattere assolutamente pacifico del processo indipendentista: l’unica violenza è stata quella delle ripetute cariche di polizia dell’1 ottobre per tentare di impedire l’esercizio del voto in quello che il Governo spagnolo ed il Tribunal constitucional avevano definito come un referendum illegale e incostituzionale. Ma quand’anche si fossero verificate delle manifestazioni pubbliche di violenza nelle settimane e nei mesi antecedenti al referendum e alla successiva dichiarazione unilaterale di indipendenza, e quand’anche si potesse dimostrare la riconducibilità degli atti di violenza alle decisioni assunte dall’ex Presidente della Generalitat e dalla cupola dei partiti e movimenti indipendentisti – come tenta di dimostrare il provvedimento del Tribunal Supremo spagnolo – ciò che comunque sarebbe inesistente ed indimostrabile sarebbe il nesso di causalità fra gli atti di violenza (condotta tipica del delitto di “rebelión”) e l’evento rappresentato dalla dichiarazione unilaterale di indipendenza della Catalogna. Quest’ultima infatti è derivata da un voto espresso dalla maggioranza del Parlamento catalano il 27 ottobre 2017 in esecuzione del risultato del referendum dell’1 ottobre e la maggioranza in questione era esattamente quella corrispondente ai seggi conseguiti dai partiti indipendentisti alle ultime elezioni catalane. I partiti indipendentisti (Junts x sì e CUP) avevano espressamente dichiarato già in campagna elettorale l’intendimento di giungere a promuovere un referendum sull’indipendenza, nonostante la ferma e reiterata opposizione del Governo spagnolo e le prese di posizione in senso contrario del Tribunal constitucional. Il voto del Parlamento catalano del 27 ottobre 2017 è null’altro che la naturale e fedele conseguenza delle elezioni catalane del 27 settembre 2015, per nulla influenzato dalle ipotetiche manifestazioni di violenza che il Tribunal Supremo spagnolo imputa all’azione politica dell’allora Presidente della Generalitat e degli altri leader indipendentisti. In conclusione, dunque, del delitto di “rebelión” previsto dal Codigo penal spagnolo può essere contestata a Puigdemont e agli altri imputati solo ed esclusivamente la finalità – dichiarata pubblicamente, perseguita con coerenza ed infine conseguita, sia pure in termini assolutamente effimeri e più simbolici che reali – di separare la Catalogna dallo Stato spagnolo. Troppo poco, evidentemente, per ritenere integrati gli elementi costitutivi di un gravissimo delitto che il legislatore spagnolo aveva pensato e descritto con riferimento a vicende di tutt’altra natura, come un tentativo di colpo di stato, un’insurrezione armata, un sollevamento di gruppi militari o paramilitari[2], ecc. È vero che il delitto di “rebelión” è stato costruito dal legislatore spagnolo come una fattispecie a dolo specifico, che non richiede la realizzazione materiale della finalità secessionista; ma è altrettanto evidente che – se non si vuole cadere nella deriva di un “Gesinnungsstrafrecht” di matrice chiaramente autoritaria – la consumazione di un reato di tale gravità non può non presupporre una condotta violenta non solo soggettivamente indirizzata, ma anche oggettivamente idonea, a realizzare la predetta finalità secessionista. Mutatis mutandis, sarebbe come se i consigli regionali di Lombardia e Veneto, anziché assumere alcuni mesi or solo la legittima iniziativa di un referendum popolare per promuovere una maggiore autonomia delle rispettive Regioni, avessero voluto organizzare un referendum per la secessione dallo Stato italiano: la reazione delle autorità governative statali sarebbe stata verosimilmente quella di promuovere un conflitto di attribuzioni fra i poteri dello Stato davanti alla Corte costituzionale; ma certo a nessun ufficio di procura sarebbe venuto in mente di promuovere un’azione penale per “attentato contro organi costituzionali o contro le assemblee regionali” ex art. 289 c.p. o addirittura un’“insurrezione armata contro i poteri dello Stato” ex art. 284 c.p. Ciò che è avvenuto in Spagna, viceversa, è stata una repentina criminalizzazione del conflitto politico-territoriale catalano attraverso un uso assai discutibile e spregiudicato dello strumento penale. L’evidente forzatura interpretativa della ricostruzione operata dal Tribunal Supremo spagnolo è verosimilmente alla base di ciò che l’OLG dello Schleswig Holstein non scrive nella propria decisione, ma sembra implicitamente ritenere: il venir meno nella vicenda in esame del principio della fiducia reciproca fra gli ordinamenti che è alla base della Decisione quadro sul mandato d’arresto europeo e di tutto il sistema della cooperazione giudiziaria europea e la convinzione (anch’essa implicita) che in Spagna non vi sarebbero oggi le condizioni per un giusto processo (“fair trial”) nei confronti di Puigdemont per il delitto di “rebelión”. Una convinzione implicita che trova conferma nel fatto che da molti mesi numerosi esponenti del decaduto Governo catalano ed altri leader indipendentisti si trovino in custodia preventiva per la medesima contestazione del delitto di “rebelión”. 3. Quanto infine al secondo punto della decisione dell’Oberlandsgericht dello Schleswig Holstein, suscita perplessità l’affermazione – sostenuta nella richiesta di mandato d’arresto europeo avanzata dal Tribunal Supremo spagnolo e ripresa in termini adesivi dalla decisione dell’OLG – secondo la quale il delitto di peculato (“malversación de caudales públicos”, “Veruntreuung öffentlicher Gelder”), contestato dal Giudice istruttore del Tribunal Supremo a Puigdemont e ad altri esponenti del decaduto Governo catalano, sarebbe riconducibile alla fattispecie della corruzione presente nel catalogo dei reati presupposto del mandato d’arresto europeo. Non vale infatti sostenere che la Convenzione ONU sulla corruzione del 2003 ed altre iniziative internazionali intendono la corruzione in senso ampio ed atecnico, come comprensiva anche di altre figure di reato del settore pubblico, come appunto la “malversación de caudales públicos”. Un conto infatti è una convenzione internazionale che – nel generico intento politico di contrastare fenomeni di corruzione intesa nel senso più ampio del termine (in senso sociologico più che giuridico-penale) – chieda ai legislatori nazionali di incriminare anche altre ipotesi di reato diverse dalla specifica fattispecie della corruzione; cosa completamente diversa invece è una Decisione quadro che – comportando l’adozione di misure restrittive della libertà personale nella forma del mandato d’arresto europeo – va interpretata in senso tecnico e restrittivo in ordine al “campo d’applicazione del mandato d’arresto europeo” di cui all’art. 2 della Decisione quadro. In ogni caso gli strumenti della cooperazione giudiziaria internazionale avrebbero comunque potuto essere utilmente attivati in forma di richiesta di estradizione, poiché sussiste senz’altro, nell’ipotesi in esame, il requisito della doppia incriminazione: la “malversación de caudales públicos” di cui agli art. 432 e 252 CP esp. – sostanzialmente equivalente alla fattispecie di peculato ex art. 314 c.p. it. – trova infatti corrispondenza nella più generale fattispecie di “Untreue” o “infedeltà patrimoniale” (§ 266 StGB), suscettibile di trovare applicazione anche nel settore pubblico in presenza di condotte di “Veruntreuung öffentlicher Gelder” (“gestione infedele di fondi pubblici”). La richiesta del Tribunal Supremo spagnolo non trova tuttavia accoglimento – come già segnalato all’inizio di questo commento – per la carente descrizione, da parte dell’autorità richiedente, delle circostanze di fatto sulla base delle quali si sosterrebbe la responsabilità dell’imputato da estradare[3]. Un ulteriore ed evidente sintomo di quella implicita carenza di fiducia – da parte dell’autorità giudiziaria a cui è rivolta la richiesta di estradizione – circa la fondatezza dell’impianto accusatorio costruito dal Giudice istruttore del Tribunal Supremo spagnolo contro i leader del processo indipendentista. 4. In conclusione: dopo questa decisione interlocutoria – alla quale ha fatto seguito una rinnovata richiesta delle autorità giudiziarie spagnole, che insistono con fermezza nella pretesa di sottoporre a processo l’ex Presidente della Generalitat Carles Puigdemont – siamo in attesa della decisione definitiva dell’OLG dello Schleswig Holstein. Qualunque sarà la decisione definitiva, essa segnerà comunque una pietra miliare – in un senso o nell’altro – nella storia del mandato d’arresto europeo e della cooperazione giudiziaria europea. 5. Nelle more della conclusione di questo breve commento è sopraggiunta finalmente la decisione definitiva dell’OLG Schleswig-Holstein del 12 luglio 2018, che sostanzialmente conferma la decisione precedente, negando l’estradizione per il delitto di “rebelión” ed ammettendola invece per la “malversación de caudales públicos”. Una settimana più tardi – il 19 luglio – il Giudice istruttore del Tribunal Supremo Pablo Llarena ha deciso, con suo autonomo provvedimento, di rifiutare l’estradizione “dimezzata” [4] e di ritirare tutte le richieste di estradizione e di ordine d’arresto europeo nel frattempo indirizzate in Belgio, Scozia e Svizzera contro altri politici indipendentisti di primo piano rifugiatisi all’estero per sfuggire all’arresto in Spagna. Sembra dunque chiudersi definitivamente – con un passo indietro dell’autorità giudiziaria spagnola (a malincuore e non senza considerazioni polemiche nei confronti della pronuncia della magistratura tedesca) – la partita europea e internazionale per la soluzione penale della questione independentista catalana[5] e la palla ritorna nuovamente nel campo della politica: una politica che – con nuovi attori protagonisti (tanto a Barcellona – con la Presidenza della Generalitat di Quim Torra – quanto a Madrid, dopo la caduta a sorpresa del governo di Mariano Rajoy e l’arrivo alla Moncloa di Pedro Sanchez) – tenta di riprendere – con estrema prudenza da ambo le parti, ma con qualche nuova timida speranza – la difficile via del dialogo e della ricerca di una soluzione politica condivisa alla crisi costituzionale aperta dalla domanda di indipendenza di una parte (sia pur lievemente) maggioritaria della società civile e politica catalana. _____________________________________ [1] Sul quale v. per tutti in dottrina il recentissimo contributo di M. Cugat Mauri, La violencia como elemento del delito de rebelión, in Liber Amicorum. Estudios Juridicos en Homenaje al Prof. Dr. Dr.h.c. Juan M. Terradillos Basoco, Valencia, Tirant Lo Blanch, 2018, p. 567-582. [2] Esempio paradigmatico fu il tentativo di colpo di stato militare che ebbe luogo il 23 febbraio 1981, nel quale una parte dell’esercito spagnolo comandato dal tenente colonnello Tejero fece irruzione nel Parlamento durante il voto di fiducia al Primo Ministro Adolfo Suarez, prendendo in ostaggio parlamentari e governo, mentre altri gruppi militari invadevano alcune strade di Valencia con carrarmati e soldati ed intendevano inviare una divisione di carristi a Madrid per occupare la capitale. [3] Di fronte per di più a dichiarazioni pubbliche della stessa autorità governativa spagnola (l’ex Ministro delle Finanze Montoro) che a suo tempo aveva riconosciuto che per la realizzazione del referendum indipendentista catalano non erano stati impiegati fondi ricavati dal bilancio pubblico. [4] Probabilmente si è tenuto in conto in questa decisione il rischio che per il solo delitto di “malversación de caudales públicos” difficilmente sarebbe stato sostenibile un lungo protrarsi della custodia cautelare in carcere di Puigdemont, e che una volta liberato questi avrebbe potuto esercitare senza limiti il proprio mandato di parlamentare catalano e finanche essere nuovamente eletto come Presidente della Generalitat. [5] V. ad es.: Llarena da por perdida la batalla europea de la rebelión, in La Vanguardia, ed. online, 19 luglio 2018. Full Article
emo Memorandum of Understanding signed at Bioinformatics Horizon Conference in Rome By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Tue, 10 Sep 2013 10:26:00 +0300 At the Bioinformatics Horizon 2013 Conference (3 - 6 September 2013, Rome) a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between PESI and EU BON. Christoph Häuser, on behalf of EU BON and Yde de Jong on behalf of PESI (see picture below), signed the document to strengthen the cooperation and formalise the integrating efforts of the European species infrastructures. PESI is now a new associate partner of EU BON, a consortium with currently 30 partners from 18 countries. One of the common aims of EU BON and PESI will be to establish and sustain standard taxonomies for Europe. EU BON will support the PESI backbone developments, including its components, with a focus on Fauna Europaea and Euro+Med. Besides analyzing current gaps, new ideas will be developed to trigger expert involvement and enhance the data management systems. In a side-meeting at BIH 2013, some ideas were discussed with available EU BON and PESI partners. Important steps will be taken to secure the sustainability of databases and expertise networks combined with the development of technical innovations for users and stakeholders and to promote the implementation of PESI as a European (INSPIRE) standard. It will be also important to further integrate the huge expertise networks, outreach to PESI Focal Points and expand the geographical scope. Furthermore, it will be important to integrate additional data types and data-resources. Full Article News
emo Satellite remote sensing, biodiversity research and conservation of the future By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Tue, 29 Apr 2014 09:32:00 +0300 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B (2014) doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0190 Assessing and predicting ecosystem responses to global environmental change and its impacts on human well-being are high priority targets for the scientific community. The potential for synergies between remote sensing science and ecology, especially satellite remote sensing and conservation biology, has been highlighted by many in the past. Yet, the two research communities have only recently begun to coordinate their agendas. Such synchronization is the key to improving the potential for satellite data effectively to support future environmental management decision-making processes. With this themed issue, we aim to illustrate how integrating remote sensing into ecological research promotes a better understanding of the mechanisms shaping current changes in biodiversity patterns and improves conservation efforts. Added benefits include fostering innovation, generating new research directions in both disciplines and the development of new satellite remote sensing products. Full Article News
emo Symposium (22-23 May): Remote Sensing for Conservation, London, UK By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Wed, 04 Jun 2014 14:12:00 +0300 On 22nd and 23rd of May a symposium entitled "Remote sensing for conservation: uses, perspectives and challenges" took place at the Zoological Society of London (ZSL). The organisers successfully aimed at linking specialists from the two fields, remote sensing and conservation, more tightly. The two days provided a great overview of current activities of joint approaches and glimpses of what might be possible in the near future. In the following, a short subjective overview of the highlights is given with relevance to EU BON. The first day started with the welcoming notes by the ZSL and the news that a new journal, which is especially created for the interplay between remote sensing and conservation, will be published soon. Woody Turner (NASA) gave a fabulous keynote with examples of current state of the art studies, such as using drones and off the shelf cameras to get cheap custom designed aerial images, the impressive combination of radar data with hyperspectral bands which lead to a 3D image of forest biodiversity and the emerging use of bioacoustics to monitor biodiversity. Nathalie Pettorelli (ZSL) gave an introduction into NDVI (Normalized Differenced Vegetation Index) and an overview of its usefulness for conservation. Martin Wegmann (University of Würzburg, DLR) showed the usefulness of a variety of fragmentation indices. Thomas Esch (DLR) showed the current status of the upcoming global urban footprint. Diane Davies (NASA) listed and compared a number of sources which monitored fires on a regional and global scale. Frank Muller-Karger (University of South Florida) elaborated on his enormous efforts to create global "seascapes" comparable to landscapes or ecoregions and his ultimate goal, a global marine biodiversity observation network (mbon). Temilola Fatoyinbo (NASA) explained the efforts towards a comprehensive global assessment of mangroves. Peter Reinartz (DLR) tested whether space born animal tracking is possible, and it will be. On the second day Thomas Nauss (University of Marburg) started by delving into LiDAR (light detection and ranging; meaning the use of an active sensor measuring the reflectance of short laser pulses), derived not only from aerial flights but also from on-ground measurements. Kamran Safi (MPI Radolfzell) presented the awesome analysis of movement ecology and the incorporation in conservation. Graeme Buchanan (RSPB) presented nice examples of successful predictive ENMs (environmental niche models). Carlo Rondinini (University of Rome) tested the role of protected areas for large mammals in Africa. Andrew Skidmore (University of Twente) called for a need for more fine grained data and the inclusion of a more agricultural centred perspective because of a large percentage of the land surface is under agricultural use. Edward Mitchard (University of Edinburgh) showed exemplarily a study of REDD+ (revised programme of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation) in Indonesia. Gregoire Dubois (EC-JRC) presented the current state and future steps of DOPA (Digital Observatory for Protected Areas). Robert Rose (WCS) gave an insight into the joint platform for remote sensing and conservationists (CRSNet) and the top 10 conservation questions derived from a joint project. Finally Mike Gill (Environment Canada) illuminated the GEO BON mission and Christina Secades (WCMC) gave some details of her report on the usefulness of remote sensing for the Aichi targets. Posters were exhibited as well. EU BON presented its remote sensing approaches and Palma Blonda (CNR-ISSIA) the BIO_SOS project. Two poster highlights were the announcement of a "temporal human impact index" by Jonas Geldmann (University of Copenhagen) and the "Biodiversity Indicators Dashboard", a facilitated interpretation of biodiversity indicators using the Tropical Andes, the African Great Lakes, and the Mekong Basin as examples (http://www.natureserve.org/conservation-tools/projects/biodiversity-indicators-dashboard). Please lind attached below the a list of the projects and articles (with links) which were mentioned during the talks and which I found interesting (in no particular order or relevance!) Full Article News
emo Memorandum of understanding signed between EU BON and CETAF (Consortium of European Taxonomic Facilities) By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Wed, 04 Jun 2014 14:49:00 +0300 A memorandum of understanding has been signed between EU BON and CETAF (Consortium of European Taxonomic Facilities, AISBL). The document was signed by EU BON project coordinator Christoph Häuser and the Chair of CETAF, Dr. Michelle J. Price, during the 35th CETAF General Meeting in Oslo, 6-7 May, 2014. CETAF is a networked consortium of scientific institutions in Europe formed to promote training, research and understanding of systematic biology and palaeobiology, Together, CETAF institutions hold very substantial biological (zoological and botanical), palaeobiological, and geological collections and provide the resources necessary for the work of thousands of researchers in a variety of scientific disciplines. Meanwhile the list of MoU signed by EU BON has grown with further institutions/projects joining: http://www.eubon.eu/showpage.php?storyid=10373 Full Article News
emo Surface Temperatures at the Continental Scale: Tracking Changes with Remote Sensing at Unprecedented Detail By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Fri, 13 Jun 2014 10:09:00 +0300 Temperature is a main driver for most ecological processes, and temperature time series provide key environmental indicators for various applications and research fields. High spatial and temporal resolutions are crucial for detailed analyses in various fields of research. A disadvantage of temperature data obtained by satellites is the occurrence of gaps that must be reconstructed. Here, we present a new method to reconstruct high-resolution land surface temperature (LST) time series at the continental scale gaining 250-m spatial resolution and four daily values per pixel. Our method constitutes a unique new combination of weighted temporal averaging with statistical modeling and spatial interpolation. This newly developed reconstruction method has been applied to greater Europe, resulting in complete daily coverage for eleven years. To our knowledge, this new reconstructed LST time series exceeds the level of detail of comparable reconstructed LST datasets by several orders of magnitude. Studies on emerging diseases, parasite risk assessment and temperature anomalies can now be performed on the continental scale, maintaining high spatial and temporal detail. We illustrate a series of applications in this paper. Our dataset is available online for download as time aggregated derivatives for direct usage in GIS-based applications (Reconstructed MODIS Land Surface Temperature Dataset - http://gis.cri.fmach.it/eurolst/). Source: Metz M, Rocchini D, Neteler M. (2014) Surface Temperatures at the Continental Scale: Tracking Changes with Remote Sensing at Unprecedented Detail.Remote Sensing 6(5): 3822-3840. doi: 10.3390/rs6053822 Full Article News
emo Memorandum of Understanding signed between EU BON and BioVeL By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Wed, 25 Jun 2014 09:55:00 +0300 A memorandum of understanding has been signed between EU BON and BioVeL (Biodiversity Virtual e-Laboratory Project). The document was signed by the BioVeL coordinator Alex Hardisty (Cardiff University, UK) and handed over to Alexander Kroupa (Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Germany), who was there on behalf of the EU BON consortium, during the SPNHC Conference in Cardiff, 22-27 June 2014. BioVeL is a virtual e-laboratory that supports research on biodiversity issues using large amounts of data from cross-disciplinary sources. BioVeL offers the possibility to use computerized "workflows" (series of data analysis steps) to process data, be that from one's own research and/or from existing sources. Meanwhile the list of MoU signed by EU BON has grown with further institutions/projects joining: http://www.eubon.eu/showpage.php?storyid=10373 Full Article News
emo Memorandum of Understanding signed between EU BON and NINA By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Mon, 22 Sep 2014 17:58:00 +0300 A memorandum of understanding has been signed between EU BON and Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA). The hand over took place at the 21st GBIF Governing Board (GB21) in New Delhi (India) on 16-18 September 2014 between EU BON project co-ordinator Christoph Häuser and Roald Vang (Head of Department on Information technology) and Frank Hanssen from NINA. IMAGE: At the handover: EU BON co-ordinator Christoph Häuser and Roald Vang (Head of Department on Information technology) and Frank Hanssen from NINA. The Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) is Norway’s leading institution for applied ecological research, with broad-based expertise on the genetic, population, species, ecosystem and landscape level, in terrestrial, freshwater and coastal marine environments. The core activities encompass strategic ecological research integrated with long-term monitoring, as well as a variety of environmental assessments and development of methodologies. Most work is aimed at improving the understanding of biodiversity, ecosystem services, ecological processes and their main drivers to facilitate better management of ecosystem services and resources. NINA addresses a wide variety of interdisciplinary issues involving both ecologists and social scientists, and plays an important role in European and other international research cooperation. Full Article News
emo Article Alert: Ten Ways Remote Sensing Can Contribute to Conservation By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Tue, 21 Oct 2014 17:31:00 +0300 Abstract: In an effort to increase conservation effectiveness through the use of Earth observation technologies, a group of remote sensing scientists affiliated with government and academic institutions and conservation organizations identified 10 questions in conservation for which the potential to be answered would be greatly increased by use of remotely sensed data and analyses of those data. Our goals were to increase conservation practitioners’ use of remote sensing to support their work, increase collaboration between the conservation science and remote sensing communities, identify and develop new and innovative uses of remote sensing for advancing conservation science, provide guidance to space agencies on how future satellite missions can support conservation science, and generate support from the public and private sector in the use of remote sensing data to address the 10 conservation questions. We identified a broad initial list of questions on the basis of an email chain-referral survey. We then used a workshop-based iterative and collaborative approach to whittle the list down to these final questions (which represent 10 major themes in conservation): How can global Earth observation data be used to model species distributions and abundances? How can remote sensing improve the understanding of animal movements? How can remotely sensed ecosystem variables be used to understand, monitor, and predict ecosystem response and resilience to multiple stressors? How can remote sensing be used to monitor the effects of climate on ecosystems? How can near real-time ecosystem monitoring catalyze threat reduction, governance and regulation compliance, and resource management decisions? How can remote sensing inform configuration of protected area networks at spatial extents relevant to populations of target species and ecosystem services? How can remote sensing-derived products be used to value and monitor changes in ecosystem services? How can remote sensing be used to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of conservation efforts? How does the expansion and intensification of agriculture and aquaculture alter ecosystems and the services they provide? How can remote sensing be used to determine the degree to which ecosystems are being disturbed or degraded and the effects of these changes on species and ecosystem functions? Original Source: Rose R. A. et al. (2014) Ten Ways Remote Sensing Can Contribute to Conservation. Conservation Biology. Vol. 28, Issue 5. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12397 Full Article News
emo Article alert: Advancing species diversity estimate by remotely sensed proxies: A conceptual review By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Thu, 20 Nov 2014 11:02:00 +0200 A new EU BON acknowledged paper "Advancing species diversity estimate by remotely sensed proxies: A conceptual review" has been recently published in the journal Ecological Informatics. Abstract: Many geospatial tools have been advocated in spatial ecology to estimate biodiversity and its changes over space and time. Such information is essential in designing effective strategies for biodiversity conservation and management. Remote sensing is one of the most powerful approaches to identify biodiversity hotspots and predict changes in species composition in reduced time and costs. This is because, with respect to field-based methods, it allows to derive complete spatial coverages of the Earth surface under study in a short period of time. Furthermore, remote sensing provides repeated coverages of field sites, thus making studies of temporal changes in biodiversity possible. In this paper we discuss, from a conceptual point of view, the potential of remote sensing in estimating biodiversity using various diversity indices, including alpha- and beta-diversity measurements. Original Source: Rocchini D, Hernández-Stefanoni J L, He KS (2014) Advancing species diversity estimate by remotely sensed proxies: A conceptual review. Ecological Informatics. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2014.10.006 Full Article News
emo Memorandum of Understanding signed: EU BON and Socientize By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Wed, 17 Dec 2014 18:39:00 +0200 A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed at the second EU BON Stakeholder Roundtable on Citizen Science between Christoph Häuser, on behalf of EU BON, and Fermin Serrano Sanz, on behalf of the Citizen Science Project Socientize at the 27th of November 2014. The Roundtable on Citizen Science took place at the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Germany and followed the General Assembly Meeting of the European Citizen Science Association. Signing the MoU: (left) Christoph Häuser, EU BON and (right) Fermin Serrano Sanz, Socientize Socientize (Society as e-Infrastructure through technology, innovation and creativity) is a Citizen Science Project that was funded by the European Union. The project aims to coordinate agents involved in the citizen science process and to foster and promote the usage of citizen science infrastructures. There are several linkages between the citizen science related work of EU BON and Socientize (e.g. policy recommendations for citizen science) and by signing the MoU, a further exchange and follow-ups were agreed. Full Article News
emo Earth Observation for Ecosystems Monitoring in Space and Time: A Special Issue in Remote Sensing By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Tue, 23 Jun 2015 10:58:00 +0300 A new EU BON acknowledging special issue "Earth Observation for Ecosystems Monitoring in Space and Time: A Special Issue in Remote Sensing" published in the open access journal Remote Sensing provides a collection of important researchers in the field, as well as the most challenging aspects of the application of remote sensing to study ecosystems. The special issue represents a stimulating discussion concerning innovative techniques/approaches that are based on remote sensing data, which are used for the study of ecosystems at different spatial and temporal scales. Research scientists and other subject matter experts submitted innovative and challenging papers that showed advances in several topics: - estimating the spatial distribution of plant species richness by Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and hyperspectral data, - assessing habitat quality of forest corridor based on NDVI, - applying remote sensing to study (marine) coral ecosystems, - identifying ecosystem functional types, - distinguishing between different forest trunk size classes from remote sensing, - detecting changes in forest patterns, - applying light use efficiency models to estimate vegetation productivity, - classifying grassland successional stages by airborne hyperspectral images - proposing monitoring programs of grasslands based on multi-temporal optical and radar satellite images, - estimating the potential of remote sensing to capture field-based plants phenology. Original Source: Rocchini, D. (2015). Earth observation for ecosystems monitoring in space and time: a special issue in Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing, 7: 8102-8106. [IF: 3.180] [DOI | PDF] The full collection of papers can be found here:http://www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing/special_issues/ecosystemsmonitoring Full Article News
emo EU BON at the BACI Workshop "Remote sensing applications related to land use/change" By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Wed, 25 Nov 2015 15:28:00 +0200 From 9 to 11 November in Vienna, Austria the EU H2020 project Detecting changes in essential ecosystem and biodiversity properties – towards a Biosphere Atmosphere Change Index: BACI has organised a special workshop titled "Remote sensing applications related to land use/change" with the aim to facilitate co-design and co-production of knowledge with regard to innovative applications of remote sensing products. EU BON project partner Duccio Rocchini was among the invited lecturers at the event. His talk titled "Like in a Rubik’s cube: Recomposing Biodiversity Information by Remote Sensing Data" introduced some experience from EU BON. The overarching objective of BACI is to tap into the unrealized potential of existing and scheduled space-borne Earth observation data streams to detect changes in ecosystem functioning and services that have repercussions for essential biodiversity variables, land use potentials, and land-atmosphere interactions. Full Article News
emo PhD Offer: monioring biodiversity variables from satellite remote sensing using artificial intelligence methods By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Fri, 12 Feb 2016 11:30:00 +0200 The Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) at the University of Twente has recently launched an investment programme to strengthen its international academic fields. For 11 pioneering-multidisciplinairy projects a PhD-position is made available, three of them already are filled in. The Department of Natural Resources (NRS) specialises in advanced spatial and temporal analysis and technique development for the environment as well as sustainable agriculture. Job Description: The aim of this PhD project is to develop a cloud based artificial neural network for processing large remotely sensed data sets in order to generate essential biodiversity variables (as defined by Pereira et al. (2013) and Skidmore et al. (2015)). The PhD candidate, in combination with supervisors and programming support, will develop innovative artificial intelligence techniques for estimating biodiversity variables using massive cloud based data sets of satellite remotely sensed, in situ and ancillary data. Potential candidate biodiversity variables to be retrieved from satellite remote sensing include pertinent indicators of ecosystem function, ecosystem structure and species traits. The research will result in a PhD thesis. For more information visit the official job offer. Full Article News
emo Potential of satellite remote sensing to monitor species diversity By www.eubon.eu Published On :: Mon, 04 Apr 2016 18:07:00 +0300 The importance of measuring species diversity as an indicator of ecosystem health has been long recognized and it seems that satellite remote sensing (SRS) has proven to be one of the most cost-effective approaches to identify biodiversity hotspots and predict changes in species composition. What is the real potential of SRS and what are the pitfalls that need to be avoided to achieve the full potential of this method is the topic of a new research, published in the journal Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation. The new study, supported by the FP7 funded EU project EU BON takes the assessment of diversity in plant communities as a case study. Showing the difficulties to achieve high results by relying only on field data, the paper discusses the advantages of SRS methods. "In contrast to field-based methods, SRS allows for complete spatial coverages of the Earth's surface under study over a short period of time. Furthermore, it provides repeated measures, thus making it possible to study temporal changes in biodiversity," explains Dr. D. Rocchini from Fondazione Edmund Mach, lead author and WP deputy leader / task leader in EU BON. "In our research we provide a concise review of the potential of satellites to help track changes in plant species diversity, and provide, for the first time, an overview of the potential pitfalls associated with the misuse of satellite imagery to predict species diversity. " Traditionally, assessment of biodiversity at local and regional scales relies on the one hand on local diversity, or the so called alpha-diversity, and on the other, on species turnover, or beta-diversity. Only in combination of these two measures can lead to an estimate of the whole diversity of an area. While the assessment of alpha-diversity is relatively straightforward, calculation of beta-diversity could prove to be quite challenging. This is where increased collaboration between the remote sensing and biodiversity communities is needed in order to properly address future challenges and developments. The new research shown the high potential of remote sensing in biodiversity studies while also identifying the challenges underpinning the development of this interdisciplinary field of research. "Further sensitivity studies on environmental parameters derived from remote sensing for biodiversity mapping need to be undertaken to understand the pitfalls and impacts of different data collection processes and models. Such information, however, is crucial for a continuous global biodiversity analysis and an improved understanding of our current global challenges."concludes Dr. Rocchini. Original Source: Rocchini, D., Boyd, D. S., Féret, J.-B., Foody, G. M., He, K. S., Lausch, A., Nagendra, H., Wegmann, M., Pettorelli, N. (2016), Satellite remote sensing to monitor species diversity: potential and pitfalls. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, 2: 25-36. doi: 10.1002/rse2.9 Full Article News