T.J. Lovell had just 30 minutes to pack up his belongings from the tent city in Oppenheimer Park if he wanted access to a hotel room that he could share with his father.

Invitation Only Research Event

Event participants

Ambassador Lee Feinstein, Founding Dean, School of Global & International Studies, Indiana University
Xenia Wickett, Project Director, US; Dean, The Queen Elizabeth II Academy, Chatham House
Paul Arkwright, Director, Multilateral Policy, Foreign & Commonwealth Office
Dr Patricia Lewis, Research Director, International Security Programme, Chatham House
Jonathan Prentice, Director, London Office & Senior Adviser for European Advocacy, International Crisis Group
Sir John Holmes, Director, The Ditchley Foundation

Members Event

Event participants

Camilla Hodgson, Environment Reporter, Financial Times

Dr Benjamin Barratt, Senior Lecturer in Chinese Environment, KCL

Dr Susannah Stanway MBChB MSc FRCP MD, Consultant in Medical Oncology Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust

Elliot Treharne, Head of Air Quality, Greater London Authority

Chair: Rob Yates, Head, Centre on Global Health Security, Chatham House

Aldehyde oxidases (AOXs) are a small group of enzymes belonging to the larger family of molybdo-flavoenzymes, along with the well-characterized xanthine oxidoreductase. The two major types of reactions that are catalyzed by AOXs are the hydroxylation of heterocycles and the oxidation of aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids. Different animal species have different complements of AOX genes. The two extremes are represented in humans and rodents; whereas the human genome contains a single active gene (AOX1), those of rodents, such as mice, are endowed with four genes (Aox1-4), clustering on the same chromosome, each encoding a functionally distinct AOX enzyme. It still remains enigmatic why some species have numerous AOX enzymes, whereas others harbor only one functional enzyme. At present, little is known about the physiological relevance of AOX enzymes in humans and their additional forms in other mammals. These enzymes are expressed in the liver and play an important role in the metabolisms of drugs and other xenobiotics. In this review, we discuss the expression, tissue-specific roles, and substrate specificities of the different mammalian AOX enzymes and highlight insights into their physiological roles.

Corporate Members Event

Event participants

Penny Abeywardena, Commissioner for International Affairs, New York City

Chair: Dr Beyza Unal, Senior Research Fellow, International Security Department, Chatham House

Research Event

Event participants

Penny Abeywardena, Commissioner, International Affairs, City of New York
Ambassador Nina Hachigian, Deputy Mayor for International Affairs, City of Los Angeles; US Ambassador to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (2014-17)
Steven Erlanger, Chief Diplomatic Correspondent, Europe, The New York Times  
Chair: Dr Leslie Vinjamuri, Director, US and the Americas Programme, Chatham House

Members Event

Event participants

Camilla Hodgson, Environment Reporter, Financial Times

Dr Benjamin Barratt, Senior Lecturer in Chinese Environment, KCL

Dr Susannah Stanway MBChB MSc FRCP MD, Consultant in Medical Oncology Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust

Elliot Treharne, Head of Air Quality, Greater London Authority

Chair: Rob Yates, Head, Centre on Global Health Security, Chatham House

Members Event

Event participants

Camilla Hodgson, Environment Reporter, Financial Times

Dr Benjamin Barratt, Senior Lecturer in Chinese Environment, KCL

Dr Susannah Stanway MBChB MSc FRCP MD, Consultant in Medical Oncology Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust

Elliot Treharne, Head of Air Quality, Greater London Authority

Chair: Rob Yates, Head, Centre on Global Health Security, Chatham House

Despite the considerable variety among cities, researchers have identified common mathematical properties that hold around the world, regardless of a city.s population, location or even time.

Aldehyde oxidases (AOXs) are a small group of enzymes belonging to the larger family of molybdo-flavoenzymes, along with the well-characterized xanthine oxidoreductase. The two major types of reactions that are catalyzed by AOXs are the hydroxylation of heterocycles and the oxidation of aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids. Different animal species have different complements of AOX genes. The two extremes are represented in humans and rodents; whereas the human genome contains a single active gene (AOX1), those of rodents, such as mice, are endowed with four genes (Aox1-4), clustering on the same chromosome, each encoding a functionally distinct AOX enzyme. It still remains enigmatic why some species have numerous AOX enzymes, whereas others harbor only one functional enzyme. At present, little is known about the physiological relevance of AOX enzymes in humans and their additional forms in other mammals. These enzymes are expressed in the liver and play an important role in the metabolisms of drugs and other xenobiotics. In this review, we discuss the expression, tissue-specific roles, and substrate specificities of the different mammalian AOX enzymes and highlight insights into their physiological roles.

Proteins that bind carbohydrate structures can serve as tools to quantify or localize specific glycans in biological specimens. Such proteins, including lectins and glycan-binding antibodies, are particularly valuable if accurate information is available about the glycans that a protein binds. Glycan arrays have been transformational for uncovering rich information about the nuances and complexities of glycan-binding specificity. A challenge, however, has been the analysis of the data. Because protein-glycan interactions are so complex, simplistic modes of analyzing the data and describing glycan-binding specificities have proven inadequate in many cases. This review surveys the methods for handling high-content data on protein-glycan interactions. We contrast the approaches that have been demonstrated and provide an overview of the resources that are available. We also give an outlook on the promising experimental technologies for generating new insights into protein-glycan interactions, as well as a perspective on the limitations that currently face the field.

Research Event

Event participants

Penny Abeywardena, Commissioner, International Affairs, City of New York
Ambassador Nina Hachigian, Deputy Mayor for International Affairs, City of Los Angeles; US Ambassador to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (2014-17)
Steven Erlanger, Chief Diplomatic Correspondent, Europe, The New York Times  
Chair: Dr Leslie Vinjamuri, Director, US and the Americas Programme, Chatham House

Oversimplification and lack of evidence stigmatise people with mental illness and impede prevention efforts, says Simon Wessley, professor of psychiatry at King's College London, in an editorial published on thebmj.com. Read the full editorial: http://www.bmj.com/content/354/bmj.i4869

The U.S. wind industry is in a scramble to get a batch of turbine farms running in the next two years, before the federal government phases out a key tax credit.

Over the past decade, state and local policymakers have increasingly stepped into the void left by Washington over legislative reform of the immigration system and have enacted their own policies, particularly in regard to illegal immigration. This article explores this trend of increased activism and examines whether restrictive state immigration laws have had an effect on the size of immigrant populations at the state level.

"The objective of the audit was to assess whether the award of funding under the RJIP program was informed by appropriate departmental advice and that processes complied with the grants administration framework."--Page 8.

City planning -- Remote sensing.

Food security -- Australia.

[London] : E. & F.N. Spon, 1881.

[Hong Kong] : [Art In Hospitals], [2019]

For the first time in history, more than 50 percent of the world’s population now lives in towns and cities. By 2050, this number is expected to increase to 66 percent. The shift from rural to urban areas, mainly in Africa and Asia, is due to poverty and related socio-economic factors.   For the most part, the rapid expansion of cities [...]

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What word comes to mind when you think of “cities”? Busy? And when you think of “forests”? Peaceful? What if cities could be something different? To date, cities have largely been problematic for the environment. They occupy just two percent of the world’s land. However, they account for over 60 percent of global energy consumption, 70 percent of greenhouse gas emissions [...]

Days before Saint John council passed a motion to ensure Saint John Energy could not be sold, the Ontario cities of Peterborough and Orillia both got approval to sell their municipally owned power distribution companies.

Architects and planners from the Netherlands are advising coastal cities worldwide on how to live with water

Let’s concentrate on where the need has been shown to be greatest.

The inaugural Women’s EURO 2021 host cities’ workshop has taken place in host country England – with the aim being to deliver a record-breaking tournament that leaves a legacy for girls’ and women’s football.

<strong>New Delhi:</strong> The air quality in Delhi and adjusting areas on Monday remained under severe category despite some parts of the city receiving rain on Sunday morning. Amid deteriorating air quality in the Delhi-NCR, a survey shows that over 40 per cent residents want to move to another city.

Review of: Inventing Future Cities by Michael Batty, reviewed by Andreas Koch