Published at LXer: Have an NVIDIA GPU? Use GE-Proton? You should probably make sure you're on GE-Proton 9-15 which was just released. This is a "hotfix" build to clear up some problems from the...

PROTON has unveiled its new S70 R3 race car for the upcoming 2024 Sepang 1000KM (S1K) endurance race, hosted at the Petronas Sepang International Circuit. This addition to Proton’s racing portfolio will compete with two cars, each driven by a pair of seasoned and promising drivers.

Driver Line-up

Car #81: Piloted by Syafiq Ali, a three-time S1K winner, and Fahrizal Hasan, known for his multiple victories in the Sepang 12 Hours endurance race.

Car #82: Driven by two emerging talents, Ariff Azmi, an 18-year-old karting and touring car champion, and Alister Yoong, a 21-year-old Formula 4 racer and son of former F1 driver Alex Yoong.

Spotlight on Alister Yoong

Alister Yoong brings an impressive racing background to Proton’s team:

– Winner of the 2022 Indian Racing League and current championship leader in 2024.

– Notched up four wins in the Italian Sports Prototype Championship (CISP) and two in the French Sports Prototype Championship.

– Head coach at Axle Academy, founded by his father, where he trains up-and-coming racers.

The Race Car: Proton S70 R3

The S70 R3 is equipped with a 1.6-litre naturally aspirated S4PH engine, engineered according to Malaysian Touring Car (MTC) regulations. The team has hinted at a potential expansion next year, considering entry into the Malaysian Championship Series’ SP2 class. This setup and driver mix signal a strong bid from Proton for the 2024 S1K endurance race.

PROTON achieved notable success in October 2024, with total sales of 12,799 units, reflecting a 13.6% increase from September. This brings the year-to-date (YTD) total to 125,557 units, reinforcing the brand’s goal of securing a sixth consecutive year of growth. With a projected market share of 18.1% for October and a YTD share of 18.9%, Proton stands firmly as Malaysia’s second most popular automotive brand.

The automotive industry as a whole rebounded in October, with estimated total industry volume (TIV) reaching 70,668 units, marking the fifth time this year that monthly sales have exceeded 70,000 units.

Key Model Highlights

Proton Saga: Delivering 6,112 units in October, this model’s YTD sales reached 60,178 units, securing its spot as the third highest-selling vehicle in Malaysia. Proton aims for the Saga to surpass 70,000 units by year-end.

Proton X50: Leading the B-segment SUV market, the X50 maintained its popularity with 2,122 units sold in October, showcasing a blend of style, performance, and advanced features.

Proton S70: Regained its position as the top C-segment sedan with 1,432 units sold, boosting its YTD tally to 16,200. The upcoming Proton S70 R3 participation in the Sepang 1000km Endurance Race is expected to further enhance its appeal.

Proton X90: Delivered 245 units in October, holding the top position in the D-segment SUV category with a YTD total of 2,969 units.

Other models also posted solid performances, with the Persona and X70 recording 1,520 and 989 units, respectively, while the Iriz sold 379 units, placing it fourth in the B-segment hatchback category.

Outlook and Strategy

Proton anticipates strong competition in Q4 2024 due to increased market offers from various brands. However, the company remains focused on long-term value by enhancing product quality and customer service through its 157 3S/4S outlets, aiming to preserve residual values amid market challenges.

MALAYSIAN carmaker Proton has taken a significant step toward international expansion with the inauguration of a new completely knocked-down (CKD) plant to assemble the Proton Saga in Cairo, Egypt. The ceremony was officiated by YAB Dato’ Seri Anwar Bin Ibrahim, Malaysia’s Prime Minister, during his official visit to the country.

Prominent figures present at the event included H.E. Lieutenant General Kamel Al-Wazir, Egypt’s Deputy Prime Minister, YB Senator Tengku Datuk Seri Utama Zafrul Tengku Abdul Aziz, Malaysia’s Minister of Investment, Trade, and Industry, and YB Dato’ Seri Utama Haji Mohamad bin Haji Hasan, Malaysia’s Minister of Foreign Affairs. Egyptian and Malaysian officials, including H.E. Mr Ragai Tawfik Said Nasr, Ambassador of Egypt to Malaysia, also participated alongside business leaders from both nations.

Strategic Investment in Al Oula Industrial Park

The new CKD facility is located in the Al Oula Industrial Park, Giza, and is operated by Ezz Elarab Elsewedy Automotive Factories (ESAF)—a joint venture between Ezz Elarab and Elsewedy Capital Holding. The plant represents an investment of USD35 million and has a production capacity of 20,000 units per shift. Once fully operational, it is expected to employ up to 400 people.

Proton was represented at the inauguration by Tan Sri Syed Faisal Albar, Chairman, and Roslan Abdullah, Deputy CEO. From ESAF, Hisham Ezz Elarab, Chairman, and Ahmed Elsewedy, Board Member, attended the event.

A Milestone in Bilateral Cooperation

During his speech, Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim highlighted Proton as a source of national pride and emphasised the importance of partnerships like ESAF in fostering industrial advancement. He urged Proton to leverage local facilities to strengthen its operations in the region.

The factory inauguration comes shortly after the first shipment of CKD packs was sent to Egypt on 9 September 2024. The production of left-hand drive Proton Saga models is set to begin in December 2024, with an initial production target of 1,400 units for 2024. This is projected to increase to 5,000 units in 2025, with a total of 16,000 CKD packs expected to be exported by the end of 2026.

Expanding Beyond Egypt

The vehicles assembled in Egypt will not only cater to the domestic market but also be exported to Northern and Sub-Saharan Africa and Middle Eastern markets. These efforts are part of Proton’s strategy to strengthen its presence in emerging markets where car ownership is on the rise.

The total value of exports from this initiative is estimated at RM570 million, excluding an additional RM20 million projected from parts exports.

Unlocking Global Potential

Tan Sri Syed Faisal Albar remarked that Proton, as Malaysia’s leading vehicle exporter, currently sees exports accounting for 3% of total sales volume. However, the company aims to unlock untapped potential in international markets.

“Egypt is central to our plans for the region. Moving forward, we will focus on partnerships like ESAF to maximize the sales potential for Proton vehicles in regions where car ownership is still growing,” he said.

Future Growth Prospects

The establishment of the Cairo CKD facility marks a pivotal moment in Proton’s international expansion. With plans to explore broader markets and collaborate with strategic partners, the company is poised to enhance Malaysia’s automotive footprint on the global stage.

Treating the amide acetanilide (N-phenyl­acetamide, C8H9NO) with aqueous strong acids allowed the structures of five hemi-protonated salt forms of acetanilide to be elucidated. N-(1-Hy­droxy­ethyl­idene)anilinium chloride–N-phenyl­acetamide (1/1), [(C8H9NO)2H][Cl], and the bromide, [(C8H9NO)2H][Br], triiodide, [(C8H9NO)2H][I3], tetra­fluoro­borate, [(C8H9NO)2H][BF4], and di­iodo­bromide hemi(diiodine), [(C8H9NO)2H][I2Br]·0.5I2, analogues all feature centrosymmetric dimeric units linked by O—H⋯O hy­dro­gen bonds that extend into one-dimensional hy­dro­gen-bonded chains through N—H⋯X inter­actions, where X is the halide atom of the anion. Protonation occurs at the amide O atom and results in systematic lengthening of the C=O bond and a corresponding shortening of the C—N bond. The size of these geometric changes is similar to those found for hemi-protonated paracetamol structures, but less than those in fully protonated paracetamol structures. The bond angles of the amide fragments are also found to change on protonation, but these angular changes are also influenced by conformation, namely, whether the amide group is coplanar with the phenyl ring or twisted out of plane.

Histidine can be protonated on either or both of the two N atoms of the imidazole moiety. Each of the three possible forms occurs as a result of the stereochemical environment of the histidine side chain. In an atomic model, comparing the possible protonation states in situ, looking at possible hydrogen bonding and metal coordination, it is possible to predict which is most likely to be correct. A more direct method is described that uses quantum-mechanical methods to calculate, also in situ, the minimum geometry and energy for comparison, and therefore to more accurately identify the most likely proton­ation state.

In the search for new active pharmaceutical ingredients, the precise control of the chemistry of cocrystals becomes essential. One crucial step within this chemistry is proton migration between cocrystal coformers to form a salt, usually anticipated by the empirical ΔpKa rule. Due to the effective role it plays in modifying intermolecular distances and interactions, pressure adds a new dimension to the ΔpKa rule. Still, this variable has been scarcely applied to induce proton-transfer reactions within these systems. In our study, high-pressure X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy experiments, supported by DFT calculations, reveal modifications to the protonation states of the 4,4'-bi­pyridine (BIPY) and malonic acid (MA) cocrystal (BIPYMA) that allow the conversion of the cocrystal phase into ionic salt polymorphs. On compression, neutral BIPYMA and monoprotonated (BIPYH+MA−) species coexist up to 3.1 GPa, where a phase transition to a structure of P21/c symmetry occurs, induced by a double proton-transfer reaction forming BIPYH22+MA2−. The low-pressure C2/c phase is recovered at 2.4 GPa on decompression, leading to a 0.7 GPa hysteresis pressure range. This is one of a few studies on proton transfer in multicomponent crystals that shows how susceptible the interconversion between differently charged species is to even slight pressure changes, and how the proton transfer can be a triggering factor leading to changes in the crystal symmetry. These new data, coupled with information from previous reports on proton-transfer reactions between coformers, extend the applicability of the ΔpKa rule incorporating the pressure required to induce salt formation.

Jeremy Gilden is dedicated to advancing international healthcare policies and clinical pathways for patient care

Lys234 is one of the residues present in class A β-lactamases that is under selective pressure due to antibiotic use. Located adjacent to proton shuttle residue Ser130, it is suggested to play a role in proton transfer during catalysis of the antibiotics. The mechanism underpinning how substitutions in this position modulate inhibitor efficiency and substrate specificity leading to drug resistance is unclear. The K234R substitution identified in several inhibitor-resistant β-lactamase variants is associated with decreased potency of the inhibitor clavulanic acid, which is used in combination with amoxicillin to overcome β-lactamase–mediated antibiotic resistance. Here we show that for CTX-M-14 β-lactamase, whereas Lys234 is required for hydrolysis of cephalosporins such as cefotaxime, either lysine or arginine is sufficient for hydrolysis of ampicillin. Further, by determining the acylation and deacylation rates for cefotaxime hydrolysis, we show that both rates are fast, and neither is rate-limiting. The K234R substitution causes a 1500-fold decrease in the cefotaxime acylation rate but a 5-fold increase in kcat for ampicillin, suggesting that the K234R enzyme is a good penicillinase but a poor cephalosporinase due to slow acylation. Structural results suggest that the slow acylation by the K234R enzyme is due to a conformational change in Ser130, and this change also leads to decreased inhibition potency of clavulanic acid. Because other inhibitor resistance mutations also act through changes at Ser130 and such changes drastically reduce cephalosporin but not penicillin hydrolysis, we suggest that clavulanic acid paired with an oxyimino-cephalosporin rather than penicillin would impede the evolution of resistance.

Monarch250 to bring affordable cancer treatment option to more cancer centers

CERN scientists have successfully tested a new method for transporting particles like protons, using the BASE-STEP system. This breakthrough opens the door to transporting antimatter safely across long distances, facilitating more precise experiments at laboratories such as Heinrich Heine University in Düsseldorf. The system, which uses vacuum chambers and superconducting magnets, promises to revolutionize antimatter research in the coming years.

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Why are there so many VPNs for Apple TV? Oh, right—geofencing.

Proton therapy will be used to treat brain tumors, Hodgkin lymphoma and other solid tumors and is the most advanced form of radiation technology available to patients.

Katia Parodi describes an innovative technique for improving ion-beam therapy

The title compound, d-(+)-glucosa­mmonium potassium tetra­thio­cyanato­cobaltate(II) dihydrate, K(C6H14NO5)[Co(NCS)4]·2H2O or (GlcNH)(K)[Co(NCS)4]·2H2O, has been obtained as a side product of an incomplete salt metathesis reaction of d-(+)-glucosa­mine hydro­chloride (GlcN·HCl) and K2[Co(NCS)4]. The asymmetric unit contains a d-(+)-glucos­ammonium cation, a potassium cation, a tetra­iso­thio­cyanato­cobalt(II) complex anion and two water mol­ecules. The water mol­ecules coordinate to the potassium cation, which is further coordinated via three short K+⋯SCN− contacts involving three [Co(NCS)4]2− complex anions and via three O atoms of two d-(+)-glucosa­mmonium cations, leading to an overall eightfold coordination around the potassium cation. Hydrogen-bonding inter­actions between the building blocks consolidate the three-dimensional arrangement.

The asymmetric unit of the title com­pound, catena-poly[[[(perchlorato-κO)copper(II)]-μ-3-(3-carb­oxy­prop­yl)-1,5,8,12-tetra­aza-3-azonia­cyclo­tetra­decane-κ4N1,N5,N8,N12] bis­(per­chlorate)], {[Cu(C13H30N5O2)(ClO4)](ClO4)2}n, (I), consists of a macrocyclic cation, one coordinated per­chlorate anion and two per­chlorate ions as counter-anions. The metal ion is coordinated in a tetra­gonally distorted octa­hedral geometry by the four secondary N atoms of the macrocyclic ligand, the mutually trans O atoms of the per­chlorate anion and the carbonyl O atom of the protonated carb­oxy­lic acid group of a neighbouring cation. The average equatorial Cu—N bond lengths [2.01 (6) Å] are significantly shorter than the axial Cu—O bond lengths [2.379 (8) Å for carboxyl­ate and average 2.62 (7) Å for disordered per­chlorate]. The coordinated macrocyclic ligand in (I) adopts the most energetically favourable trans-III conformation with an equatorial orientation of the substituent at the protonated distal 3-position N atom in a six-membered chelate ring. The coordination of the carb­oxy­lic acid group of the cation to a neighbouring com­plex unit results in the formation of infinite chains running along the b-axis direction, which are cross­linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the secondary amine groups of the macrocycle and O atoms of the per­chlorate counter-anions to form sheets lying parallel to the (001) plane. Additionally, the extended structure of (I) is consolidated by numerous intra- and interchain C—H⋯O contacts.

A copper(II) dimer with the deprotonated anion of 2-bromo­nicotinic acid (2-BrnicH), namely, tetrakis(μ-2-bromonicotinato-κ2O:O')bis[aquacopper(­II)](Cu—Cu), [Cu2(H2O)2(C6H3BrNO2)4] or [Cu2(H2O)2(2-Brnic)4], (1), was prepared by the reaction of copper(II) chloride dihydrate and 2-bromo­nicotinic acid in water. The copper(II) ion in 1 has a distorted square-pyramidal coordination environment, achieved by four carboxyl­ate O atoms in the basal plane and the water mol­ecule in the apical position. The pair of symmetry-related copper(II) ions are connected into a centrosymmetric paddle-wheel dinuclear cluster [Cu⋯Cu = 2.6470 (11) Å] via four O,O'-bridging 2-bromo­nicotinate ligands in the syn-syn coordination mode. In the extended structure of 1, the cluster mol­ecules are assembled into an infinite two-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network lying parallel to the (001) plane via strong O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of various hydrogen-bond ring motifs: dimeric R22(8) and R22(16) loops and a tetra­meric R44(16) loop. The Hirshfeld surface analysis was also performed in order to better illustrate the nature and abundance of the inter­molecular contacts in the structure of 1.

The asymmetric units of the title compounds, namely, catena-poly[[(1,4,8,11-tetra­aza­cyclo­tetra­decane-κ4N1,N4,N8,N11)nickel(II)]-μ-1,3-bis­(3-carboxyl­ato­prop­yl)tetra­methyl­disiloxane-κ2O:O'], [Ni(C10H24O5Si2)(C12H24N4)]n (I), and catena-poly[[[(1,4,8,11-tetra­aza­cyclo­tetra­decane-κ4N1,N4,N8,N11)nickel(II)]-μ-4-({[(3-carb­oxy­prop­yl)di­methyl­sil­yl]­oxy}di­methyl­sil­yl)butano­ato-κ2O:O'] per­chlorate], {[Ni(C10H25O5Si2)(C12H24N4)]ClO4}n (II), consist of one (in I) or two crystallographically non-equivalent (in II) centrosymmetric macrocyclic cations and one centrosymmetric dianion (in I) or two centrosymmetric monoanions (in II). In each compound, the metal ion is coordinated by the four secondary N atoms of the macrocyclic ligand, which adopts the most energetically stable trans-III conformation, and the mutually trans O atoms of the carboxyl­ate in a slightly tetra­gonally distorted trans-NiN4O2 octa­hedral coordination geometry. The crystals of both types of compounds are composed of parallel polymeric chains of the macrocyclic cations linked by the anions of the acid running along the [101] and [110] directions in I and II, respectively. In I, each polymeric chain is linked to four neighbouring ones by hydrogen bonding between the NH groups of the macrocycle and the carboxyl­ate O atoms, thus forming a three-dimensional supra­molecular network. In II, each polymeric chain contacts with only two neighbours, forming hydrogen bonds between the partially protonated carb­oxy­lic groups of the bridging ligand. As a result, a lamellar structure is formed with the layers oriented parallel to the (1overline{1}1) plane.

The crystal structures of caesium di­hydrogen arsenate(V) bis­[tri­hydrogen arsen­ate(V)], Cs(H2AsO4)(H3AsO4)2, ammonium di­hydrogen arsenate(V) tri­hydrogen arsenate(V), NH4(H2AsO4)(H3AsO4), and dilithium bis­(di­hydrogen phosphate), Li2(H2PO4)2, were solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. NH4(H2AsO4)(H3AsO4), which was hydro­thermally synthesized (T = 493 K), is homeotypic with Rb(H2AsO4)(H3AsO4), while Cs(H2AsO4)(H3AsO4)2 crystallizes in a novel structure type and Li2(H2PO4)2 represents a new polymorph of this composition. The Cs and Li compounds grew at room temperature from highly acidic aqueous solutions. Li2(H2PO4)2 forms a three-dimensional (3D) framework of PO4 tetra­hedra sharing corners with Li2O6 dimers built of edge-sharing LiO4 groups, which is reinforced by hydrogen bonds. The two arsenate compounds are characterized by a 3D network of AsO4 groups that are connected solely via multiple strong hydrogen bonds. A statistical evaluation of the As—O bond lengths in singly, doubly and triply protonated AsO4 groups gave average values of 1.70 (2) Å for 199 As—OH bonds, 1.728 (19) Å for As—OH bonds in HAsO4 groups, 1.714 (12) Å for As—OH bonds in H2AsO4 groups and 1.694 (16) Å for As—OH bonds in H3AsO4 groups, and a grand mean value of 1.667 (18) Å for As—O bonds to nonprotonated O atoms.

The com­pound poly[2-hy­droxy-N-methyl­ethan-1-aminium [μ3-cyanido-κ3C:C:N-di-μ-cyanido-κ4C:N-dicuprate(I)]], {(C3H10NO)[Cu2(CN)3]}n or [meoenH]Cu2(CN)3, crystallizes in the tetra­gonal space group P43. The structure consists of a three-dimensional (3D) anionic CuICN network with noncoordinated protonated N-methyl­ethano­lamine cations providing charge neutrality. Pairs of cuprophilic Cu atoms are bridged by the C atoms of μ3-cyanide ligands, which link these units into a 43 spiral along the c axis. The spirals are linked together into a 3D anionic network by the two other cyanide groups. The cationic moieties are linked into their own 43 spiral via N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and the cations inter­act with the 3D network via an unusual pair of N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds to one of the μ2-cyanide groups. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates an initial loss of the base cation and one cyanide as HCN at temperatures in the range 130–250 °C to form CuCN. We show how loss of a specific cyanide group from the 3D CuCN structure could form the linear CuCN structure. Further heating leaves a residue of elemental copper, isolated as the oxide.

Everyone knows that Proton has been working hard to develop the upcoming Proton X50. Since January 2020, we have often seen spy photos of this SUV on social media.

1-Fluoro-2-substituted-3-chlorobenzenes are selectively deprotonated and functionalized in the position adjacent to the fluoro substituent.

A method for obtaining free thermal antineutrons within the cage-like structure of a fullerene molecule comprising irradiating the fullerene molecule with free neutrons causing free neutrons to be trapped within the fullerene molecule wherein the trapped neutron oscillates between the neutron and antineutron states. A method for producing antiprotons comprising irradiating a fullerene molecule with free neutrons and trapping the neutrons within the fullerene molecule such that the neutrons oscillate between neutron and antineutron states and in the antineutron state decay and produce antiprotons. A method for producing antiprotonic x-ray cascade spectra.

One embodiment includes a method comprising the steps of providing a first dry catalyst coated gas diffusion media layer, depositing a wet first proton exchange membrane layer over the first catalyst coated gas diffusion media layer to form a first proton exchange membrane layer; providing a second dry catalyst coated gas diffusion media layer; contacting the second dry catalyst coated gas diffusion media layer with the first proton exchange membrane layer; and hot pressing together the first and second dry catalyst coated gas diffusion media layers with the wet proton exchange membrane layer therebetween.

A manufacturing method of a proton exchange membrane is provided, which includes the steps as follows. The hydroxyl groups are disposed on the surface of a substrate by a hydrophilic treatment. The hydroxyl groups on the substrate are chemically modified with a coupling agent by a sol-gel process. The substrate is exposed to an amino acid with a phosphonate radical so that the amino acid containing a phosphonate radical can be chemically bonded with the coupling agent. The chemically bonded substrate is immersed in phosphoric acid for absorbing the phosphoric acid. The substrate blended with the phosphoric acid is placed between at least two leak-proof films for the purpose of preventing the leakage of the absorbed phosphoric acid. The proton exchange membrane manufactured by this method enable to retain the phosphoric acid in organic/inorganic complex form and micron/nano complex pore size.

This weekend, in a virtual panel as reported by TrekMovie, Robert Duncan McNeill and Garrett Wang spoke about their new podcast and...