November has started off wetter than usual, with several weather systems moving through since the Halloween rain and snow event. Despite the much needed rainfall, we continue to see precipitation deficits since early September.

The neutralization of acidic solutions containing U (IV) and Ce (III) at room temperature in glove box atmosphere and in the presence of dithionite results in coprecipitation of these elements as amorphous solid solutions CexU1–xO2±y. The solubilities of the precipitates with different mole fractions (x) of Ce(OH)3 (x = 0.01 or 0.1) were determined in 1 M NaClO4 solutions between pH 2.2 and 12.8 under reducing conditions. The solids were investigated by a variety of methods (chemical analysis, SEM-EDX, XRD, XPS, XAS) to determine the nature of the solid solutions formed, their composition and the valence state of Ce and U. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the oxidation states of the solids both before and after the equilibration as Ce (III) and U (IV). The amorphous coprecipitates reached equilibrium relatively fast (∼1 week). The release of Ce from the coprecipitates was totally dominated by the release of uranium over the whole pH range. The Ce concentrations decrease slightly with the decrease of Ce content in the solid, suggesting that CexU1–xO2±y solids behave thermodynamically as solid solutions. The concentrations of U in equilibrium with the coprecipitate were in excellent agreement with the solubility of UO2(s) under reducing conditions reported in the literature. The conditional solubility product of Ce(OH)3 from the coprecipitate was several orders of magnitude (∼4 in the near neutral pH range and ∼18 in the acidic range) lower than that of pure Ce(OH)3(s). The activities and activity coefficients of Ce(OH)3(s) in the coprecipitate were also estimated. Activity coefficients are much less than 1, indicating that the mixing of Ce(OH)3 with UO2 is highly favorable.

Frequency increases modestly but consistently as temperatures climb, according to a study by the National Council on Compensation Insurance. NCCI said that starting around 50 degrees, there is about a 1%…

M. Burstein
Nov 1, 1970; 11:583-595
Articles

 
 000
 SXCA01 KNHC 091350
 TPTPAN
 PAN AMERICAN TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION TABLES
 NWS NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL
 800 AM EDT SAT MAY 09 2020
  
 WEATHER AT 800 AM EDT
 LOWEST TEMPERATURE SATURDAY...HIGHEST TEMPERATURES PREVIOUS DAY
 TEMPERATURES IN BOTH FAHRENHEIT AND CELSIUS
 PRECIPITATION FOR THE PAST 6, 12 OR 24 HOURS AS INDICATED
  
 CITY              WEATHER        HIGH     LOW      PCPN    TIME
                                  F/C      F/C       IN      HR
  
 ACAPULCO          FAIR          93 34    71 22               
 BARBADOS          FAIR          88 31    79 26               
 BERMUDA           PTCLDY        70 21    62 17               
 BOGOTA            PTCLDY        68 20    54 12               
 CURACAO           FAIR          91 33    81 27               
 FREEPORT          PTCLDY        83 28    68 20               
 GUADALAJARA       FAIR          88 31    60 16               
 GUADELOUPE        PTCLDY        89 31    76 25    TRACE    24
 HAVANA            FAIR          93 34    72 22               
 KINGSTON          FAIR          90 32    78 26               
 MAZATLAN          FAIR          88 31    MM MM               
 MERIDA            PTCLDY       102 39    80 27               
 MEXICO CITY       PTCLDY        77 25    59 15               
 MONTEGO BAY       FAIR          92 33    77 25    TRACE    24
 MONTERREY         CLOUDY        77 25    63 17               
 NASSAU            PTCLDY        85 30    71 22               
 SAN JUAN PR       FAIR          93 34    79 26               
 ST THOMAS         FAIR          88 31    81 27               
 TEGUCIGALPA       MISSING       86 30    MM MM               
 TRINIDAD          FAIR          93 34    75 24    TRACE    24
 VERACRUZ          HAZE          92 33    78 26               
 
 $$
  
  
  
 NNNN
 

The Ikes Fire, which started on July 25th, is approximately 28 acres. Rain on Wednesday significantly reduced fire behavior, resulting in almost no new fire growth. https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/news/precipitation-temporarily-slows-ikes-fire-growth-on-north-rim-of-grand-canyon-national-park.htm

Aqueous binder compositions with reduced rates of salt precipitation are described. The compositions may include a carbohydrate and a sequestrant for sequestering one or more multivalent ions (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+, Al3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, etc.). The sequestrant reduces a precipitation rate for the multivalent ions from the aqueous binder composition. Methods of reducing salt precipitation from a binder composition are also described. The methods may include the steps of providing an aqueous binder solution having one or more carbohydrates. They may also include adding a sequestrant for one or more multivalent ions to the aqueous binder solution. The sequestrant reduces a precipitation rate for the multivalent ions from the binder composition.

A method and system for estimating uncertainties in radar based precipitation estimates is provided. In an embodiment, gauge measurements at one or more gauge locations are received by an agricultural intelligence computer system. The agricultural intelligence computer system obtains precipitation estimates for the one or more gauge locations that correspond to the gauge measurements and computes the differences between the precipitation estimates and the gauge measurements. Using the precipitation estimates and the computed differences, the agricultural intelligence computer system then models a dependence of the uncertainty in the precipitation estimates on the value of the precipitation estimates. When the agricultural intelligence computer system receives precipitation estimates for a location where gauge measurements are unavailable, the agricultural intelligence computer identifies an uncertainty for the precipitation estimate based on the value of the precipitation estimate and the model of the dependence of the uncertainty on the precipitation estimate values.

Method for producing a uranium concentrate in the form of solid particles, by precipitation from a uranium-containing solution using a precipitating agent, in a vertical reactor comprising a base, a top, a central part, an upper part, and a lower part, the solid particles of the uranium concentrate forming a fluidized bed under the action of a rising liquid current which circulates from the base towards the top of the reactor successively passing through the lower part, the central part and the upper part of the reactor, and which is created by introducing a liquid recycling current (flow) at the base of the reactor, said liquid recycling current being tapped at a first determined level (A) in the upper part of the reactor and sent back without settling to the base of the reactor, excess liquid being also evacuated via an overflow located at a second determined level (B) in the upper part of the reactor; a method in which the upper limit (C) of the fluidized bed of solid particles is controlled so that it is positioned at a level below the first and second determined levels.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods to increase the output of a high quality product from the precipitation liquor crystallization process exemplified through the aluminum hydroxide recovery processes such as the Bayer process. The invention is a method of increasing the size of precipitates from a liquor. The invention in one embodiment relates to the use of a crystal growth modifier compositions added to the precipitation process to increase the particle size distribution of the precipitated alumina trihydrate.

M. Burstein
Nov 1, 1970; 11:583-595
Articles

Jing Hughes
Apr 1, 2015; 38:e55-e57
e-Letters: Observations

Lisa Schlosser, Torsten Hothorn, Reto Stauffer, Achim Zeileis.

Source: The Annals of Applied Statistics, Volume 13, Number 3, 1564--1589.

Abstract:
To obtain a probabilistic model for a dependent variable based on some set of explanatory variables, a distributional approach is often adopted where the parameters of the distribution are linked to regressors. In many classical models this only captures the location of the distribution but over the last decade there has been increasing interest in distributional regression approaches modeling all parameters including location, scale and shape. Notably, so-called nonhomogeneous Gaussian regression (NGR) models both mean and variance of a Gaussian response and is particularly popular in weather forecasting. Moreover, generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) provide a framework where each distribution parameter is modeled separately capturing smooth linear or nonlinear effects. However, when variable selection is required and/or there are nonsmooth dependencies or interactions (especially unknown or of high-order), it is challenging to establish a good GAMLSS. A natural alternative in these situations would be the application of regression trees or random forests but, so far, no general distributional framework is available for these. Therefore, a framework for distributional regression trees and forests is proposed that blends regression trees and random forests with classical distributions from the GAMLSS framework as well as their censored or truncated counterparts. To illustrate these novel approaches in practice, they are employed to obtain probabilistic precipitation forecasts at numerous sites in a mountainous region (Tyrol, Austria) based on a large number of numerical weather prediction quantities. It is shown that the novel distributional regression forests automatically select variables and interactions, performing on par or often even better than GAMLSS specified either through prior meteorological knowledge or a computationally more demanding boosting approach.

The only way to solubilize many antigens for immunoprecipitation is by denaturation. This cell lysis protocol is ideally suited for this purpose to release proteins from complex structures or reveal antibody epitopes hidden within native proteins. Short linear epitopes may not be accessible to antibodies within the native tertiary and quaternary protein structures, but they become exposed upon the unraveling of proteins, exposing their secondary structure. Antibodies otherwise not suitable for the immunoprecipitation of proteins prepared under nondenaturing conditions are now able to bind these antigens of interest in cell lysates prepared under denaturing conditions. These antibodies may also work well for immunoblotting purposes when the protein target is completely denatured. Harvested cells in this protocol are washed in tris-buffered saline (TBS) before lysis in 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-containing Lysis buffer for 10 min at 100°C. The resulting sample is diluted 20-fold in TBS to reduce the SDS concentration to ≤0.1% before the addition of an antibody for immunoprecipitation. Addition of 2% bovine serum albumin (BSA) or 0.1% Nonidet P-40 to the TBS before an immunoprecipitation, respectively, ensures either removal of SDS from the target protein or retaining denatured proteins in solution.

Differential detergent fractionation of cells is a rapid method for extraction of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins in preparation of an immunoprecipitation. This method can be applied for use of adherent or suspension cells and can significantly reduce nonspecific background in an immunoprecipitation by separation of cellular compartments into individual fractions. The lysis of cells by differential detergents permits the rapid extraction of proteins from the cytoplasm (digitonin), the cytoplasmic membranes, and organelles (Triton X-100), and nucleoplasm (Tween/DOC), facilitated through the use of distinct extraction buffers. Cytoplasmic and nuclear matrix proteins as well as DNA are left behind during the detergent-based extraction.

Purified RNA may need to be concentrated by precipitation for downstream applications. Precipitation of RNA with ethanol (or isopropanol) is the standard method to recover RNA from aqueous solutions.

After two decades of dryness, enough rains have finally come to bring Hamoun wetland back to life in the southeastern Iranian province of Sistan-Baluchestan, reviving agriculture in the region as well. Hamoun is the third-largest lake of Iran after the Caspian Sea and Urmia Lake.

Precipitation in Somalia decreased to 7.17 mm in December from 34.67 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Somalia averaged 22.51 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 136.24 mm in November of 1961 and a record low of 0.75 mm in December of 1967. This page includes a chart with historical data for Somalia Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Iraq increased to 24.20 mm in December from 16.28 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Iraq averaged 16.30 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 82.94 mm in March of 1974 and a record low of 0.01 mm in September of 1936. This page includes a chart with historical data for Iraq Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Burundi decreased to 193.09 mm in December from 235.28 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Burundi averaged 100.01 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 327.19 mm in November of 1961 and a record low of 0.02 mm in July of 1935. This page includes a chart with historical data for Burundi Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Angola increased to 193.26 mm in December from 119.29 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Angola averaged 82.07 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 310.41 mm in January of 1912 and a record low of 0 mm in June of 1946. This page includes a chart with historical data for Angola Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Myanmar decreased to 18.73 mm in December from 45.24 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Myanmar averaged 160.36 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 749.12 mm in August of 1939 and a record low of 0.40 mm in January of 1940. This page includes a chart with historical data for Myanmar Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Andorra decreased to 1.78 mm in December from 66.44 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Andorra averaged 65.99 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 213.75 mm in May of 1977 and a record low of 1.49 mm in January of 1993. This page includes a chart with historical data for Andorra Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Uruguay increased to 170.49 mm in December from 97.45 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Uruguay averaged 100.76 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 358.54 mm in February of 2010 and a record low of 7.70 mm in August of 1948. This page includes a chart with historical data for Uruguay Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Morocco decreased to 2.47 mm in December from 8.07 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Morocco averaged 27.18 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 126.11 mm in December of 1996 and a record low of 0 mm in July of 1980. This page includes a chart with historical data for Morocco Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Malawi increased to 206.07 mm in December from 33.71 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Malawi averaged 88.89 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 368.62 mm in February of 1952 and a record low of 0 mm in August of 1978. This page includes a chart with historical data for Malawi Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Mali decreased to 0.01 mm in December from 0.69 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Mali averaged 27.69 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 174.19 mm in August of 1950 and a record low of 0 mm in January of 1966. This page includes a chart with historical data for Mali Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Algeria decreased to 0.34 mm in December from 4.25 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Algeria averaged 7.03 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 25.26 mm in December of 1957 and a record low of 0.33 mm in June of 2001. This page includes a chart with historical data for Algeria Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Gabon decreased to 129.03 mm in December from 278.12 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Gabon averaged 151.16 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 444.71 mm in October of 1945 and a record low of 0.81 mm in July of 1930. This page includes a chart with historical data for Gabon Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Maldives increased to 253.89 mm in December from 226.38 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Maldives averaged 178.43 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 480.41 mm in October of 1994 and a record low of 51.79 mm in February of 1980. This page includes a chart with historical data for Maldives Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Afghanistan decreased to 19.04 mm in December from 42.92 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Afghanistan averaged 26.36 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 134.33 mm in April of 1915 and a record low of 0.13 mm in September of 1929. This page includes a chart with historical data for Afghanistan Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Namibia increased to 29.45 mm in December from 11.61 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Namibia averaged 22.97 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 189.84 mm in January of 1974 and a record low of 0.01 mm in June of 1985. This page includes a chart with historical data for Namibia Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Qatar increased to 22.55 mm in December from 2.69 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Qatar averaged 6.07 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 84.90 mm in January of 1969 and a record low of 0 mm in October of 1962. This page includes a chart with historical data for Qatar Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Mozambique increased to 176.41 mm in December from 32.72 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Mozambique averaged 82.29 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 343.73 mm in January of 1925 and a record low of 0.78 mm in August of 1978. This page includes a chart with historical data for Mozambique Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Ghana decreased to 0.74 mm in December from 39.85 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Ghana averaged 99.83 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 289.66 mm in September of 1917 and a record low of 0.01 mm in January of 1983. This page includes a chart with historical data for Ghana Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Cameroon decreased to 8.85 mm in December from 50.19 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Cameroon averaged 134.17 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 358.59 mm in July of 2010 and a record low of 0.12 mm in January of 1983. This page includes a chart with historical data for Cameroon Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Solomon Islands increased to 267.96 mm in December from 219.10 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Solomon Islands averaged 252.84 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 812.41 mm in January of 1972 and a record low of 44 mm in June of 1987. This page includes a chart with historical data for Solomon Islands Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Tunisia decreased to 4.77 mm in December from 35.33 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Tunisia averaged 22.02 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 128.02 mm in January of 1990 and a record low of 0 mm in July of 1937. This page includes a chart with historical data for Tunisia Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Burkina Faso decreased to 0.92 mm in December from 1.57 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Burkina Faso averaged 68.96 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 311.03 mm in August of 1909 and a record low of 0 mm in January of 1934. This page includes a chart with historical data for Burkina Faso Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Antigua and Barbuda decreased to 162.52 mm in December from 303.52 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Antigua and Barbuda averaged 206.05 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 661.68 mm in November of 1987 and a record low of 37.25 mm in February of 1986. This page includes a chart with historical data for Antigua and Barbuda Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Uganda decreased to 80.96 mm in December from 174.27 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Uganda averaged 99.76 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 282.60 mm in November of 1961 and a record low of 7.35 mm in January of 1934. This page includes a chart with historical data for Uganda Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Iran increased to 32.77 mm in December from 16.97 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Iran averaged 18.72 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 81.40 mm in March of 1996 and a record low of 0.15 mm in August of 1995. This page includes a chart with historical data for Iran Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Mongolia decreased to 3.43 mm in December from 8.91 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Mongolia averaged 18.96 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 114.22 mm in July of 1993 and a record low of 0.34 mm in February of 1982. This page includes a chart with historical data for Mongolia Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Georgia decreased to 60.97 mm in December from 88.69 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Georgia averaged 76.46 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 188.50 mm in June of 2002 and a record low of 7.15 mm in February of 1925. This page includes a chart with historical data for Georgia Average Precipitation.

Precipitation in Barbados decreased to 125.42 mm in December from 225.60 mm in November of 2015. Precipitation in Barbados averaged 173.45 mm from 1901 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 620.09 mm in November of 2004 and a record low of 9.60 mm in February of 2010. This page includes a chart with historical data for Barbados Average Precipitation.