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Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of N-(4-methoxyphenyl)picolinamide

The synthesis, crystal structure, and Hirshfeld surface analysis of N-(4-methoxyphenyl)picolinamide (MPPA), C13H12N2O2, are presented. MPPA crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n, with a single molecule in the asymmetric unit. Structural analysis reveals that all non-hydrogen atoms are nearly coplanar, and the molecule exhibits two intramolecular hydrogen bonds that stabilize its conformation. Supramolecular features include significant intermolecular interactions, primarily C—H...π and various hydrogen bonds, contributing to the overall crystal cohesion, as confirmed by energy framework calculations yielding a total interaction energy of −138.3 kJ mol−1. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that H...H interactions dominate, followed by C...H and O...H interactions, highlighting the role of van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding in crystal packing.




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Bitcoin Proxy MicroStrategy Director Sells 40K Company Shares Worth $12M As Stock Hits All-Time High

MicroStrategy Inc. (NASDAQ:MSTR) director Leslie J. Rechan has executed a significant sale of company shares, amounting to approximately $12 million, as per a recent SEC filing. The transactions were disclosed on Wednesday. Don't Miss: Over the last five years, the price of gold has increased by…




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Pregnant Woman Has Narrow Escape As Oxygen Cylinder In Ambulance Explodes In Maharashtra

A pregnant woman and her family in Maharashtra's Jalgaon district had a close shave on Wednesday evening after the engine of an ambulance caught fire and an oxygen cylinder exploded minutes later.




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Pregnant Woman Has Narrow Escape As Oxygen Cylinder In Ambulance Explodes

A pregnant woman and her family in Maharashtra's Jalgaon district had a close shave on Wednesday evening after the engine of an ambulance caught fire and an oxygen cylinder exploded minutes later.




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Palladium-catalyzed [4 + 4] cycloaddition of 2-pyrones with 2-alkylidenetrimethylene carbonates: access to bridged eight-membered oxygen heterocycles

Org. Chem. Front., 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4QO00329B, Research Article
Huawei Lin, Biming Mao, Bing Han, Jiayi Luo, Yanqing Ge, Xuerui Zhang, Chang Wang, Hongchao Guo, Chunhao Yuan
A novel palladium-catalyzed [4 + 4] cycloaddition of 2-pyrones with 2-alkylidenetrimethylene carbonates has been developed for the synthesis of bridged eight-membered oxygen heterocycles in good yields and with excellent stereoselectivities.
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Computational insights into the synergistic interplay of ligand and fluorine effects in palladium-catalyzed regiodivergent decarboxylative allylic alkylation

Org. Chem. Front., 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4QO00147H, Research Article
Shiyu Wang, Hongli Wu, Xiangyang Tang, Genping Huang
DFT calculations were performed to investigate palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative allylic alkylation of allyl difluoro-β-ketoesters. The synergistic effects of ligand and fluorine substituents on regioselectivity were uncovered.
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Metal-Free Cascade O-H Double Insertion Between I(III)/S(VI)-Ylides, Carboxylic Acids, and Alcohols: Modular Access to Unsymmetrical α,α-O,O-Substituted Ketones

Org. Chem. Front., 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4QO00453A, Research Article
Shang-Shi Zhang, Jiaohang Wei, Wen-Xuan Zou, Qiong Hu, Mei-Zhu Bao, Dan-Ting Shen, Lin Xiao, Jia-Lin Song, Xiang Liu
The synthesis of unsymmetrical α,α-O,O-substituted ketones via O-H double insertion is appealing but remains constrained due to the lack of compatible coupling partners or uncontrollable selectivity. Herein, we present a...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Iron(III)/quinoxaline-derived N,N-ligand catalyzed oxygen transfer reaction of N-vinyl nitrones through selective 4π-electrocyclization and N–O bond cleavage

Org. Chem. Front., 2024, 11,2277-2282
DOI: 10.1039/D3QO01999C, Research Article
Yan-Jiao Lu, Feng-Lan Lu, Jin-Qi Zhang, Chun-Hua Chen, Cui Liang, Xiao-Pan Ma, Dong-Liang Mo
We describe an iron(III)/quinoxaline-derived N,N-ligand promoted O-transfer reaction of N-vinyl nitrones through selective O-4π-electrocyclization and N–O bond cleavage to prepare a variety of 2,5-dihydrooxazoles in good yields.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Deoxygenation of N-heterocyclic N-oxides using isopropanol as a recyclable reductant

Org. Chem. Front., 2024, 11,2249-2268
DOI: 10.1039/D4QO00208C, Research Article
Ho Kyeong Ryu, Yun Do Song, Jun Hee Lee
An organic photoredox-based recyclable strategy that facilitates the chemoselective deoxygenation of various functionalised N-heterocyclic N-oxides is presented.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Cr-mediated Photocatalytic Decarboxylative Coupling of alpha-Oxo Acids with Benzylic Pyridinium Salts

Org. Chem. Front., 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4QO00475B, Research Article
Jia Cao, Yan Liu, Zhixiang Wang, Le Liu
Herein, we report the chromium/photoredox dual catalytic synthesis of ketones using α-oxo acids with benzylic pyridinium salts. This reaction proceeded by photocatalytic generation of acyl radical from α-oxo acids and...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Photochemical [2 + 2 + 1] annulation of 2-vinyloxy arylalkynes with bromomalonates via energy transfer

Org. Chem. Front., 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4QO00249K, Research Article
Shuo Tang, Jiupeng Liu, Min Zhang, Dan Wang, Yong Wang, Jingjing Zhao, Pan Li
A transition-metal-free, oxidant-free and base-free photochemical [2 + 2 + 1] radical annulation of 2-vinyloxy arylalkynes with bromomalonates has been developed.
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Iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of 5-hydroxypicolinate pyridinium salts under batch and flow: stereodefined access to cis-configurated hydroxypiperidine esters

Org. Chem. Front., 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4QO00322E, Research Article
Zhi Yang, Shangxian Luan, Linxi Wan, Jingxi Chen, Xiaofang Wei, Pei Tang, Fen-Er Chen
An iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of 2-esteryl-5-hydroxypyridinium salts is reported, providing chiral cis-5-hydroxypiperidine-2-carboxylates in excellent yields with high levels of enantioselectivities and diastereoselectivities.
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Non-equilibrium defect chemistry in oxygen-rich zinc oxide nano-tetrapods synthesized using atmospheric pressure microplasma

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12,9212-9231
DOI: 10.1039/D3TA06821H, Paper
Open Access
  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
Dilli babu Padmanaban, Paul Maguire, Davide Mariotti
We demonstrate the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoscale tetrapods (nTPs) using an atmospheric pressure microplasma with a metal wire as a sacrificial electrode.
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Unveiling the fundamental understanding of two dimensional π-conjugated FeN4+4 sites for boosting peroxymonosulfate activation

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA01195C, Paper
Sijia Jin, Wenxian Tan, Xiaofeng Tang, Xia Yao, Yingjian Bao, Haiyan Zhang, Shuang Song, Tao Zeng
The precisely defined FeN4+4 active sites in fully π-conjugated polyphthalocyanine frameworks establish a dual-pump-driven electron fast shuttle path—electron-rich Fe centers and electron-poor C atoms—ensuring continuous production of 1O2.
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Oxygen vacancy-induced efficient hydrogen spillover in Ni17W3/WO3−x/MoO3−x for a superior pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00729H, Paper
Open Access
Yiqing Sun, Yiwei Bao, Di Yin, Xiuming Bu, Yuxuan Zhang, Kaihang Yue, Xiaoshuang Qi, Ziyan Cai, Yongqiang Li, Xiulan Hu, Johnny C. Ho, Xianying Wang
By regulating the oxygen vacancy in the WO3−x/MoO3−x support synergistically, the active phase transition can be accomplished at low voltage, resulting in fast intermediate hydrogen uptake/transfer/desorption kinetics on the prepared catalyst surface and interface.
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Atomically Dispersed Ru Sites on MOF-derived NC-ZnO for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acid Media

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00586D, Paper
Sagar Varangane, Ragunath Madhu, Saad Mehmood, Bhavya Jaksani, Vidha Bhasin, Moses Abraham Abraham Bokinala, Ammavasi Nagaraj, Chandra Shobha Vennapoosa, Venkata Subba Reddy Basireddy, Subrata Kundu, Ujjwal Pal
Developing acid-stable oxygen evolution/reduction reaction (OER/ORR) electrocatalysts is essential for high-performance water splitting. Still, the slow kinetics of the ORR and OER during the discharge and charge processes seriously impede...
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Dioxygen atom co-doping g-C3N4 for boosted photoreduction activity of CO2 and mechanistic investigation

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00156G, Paper
Zhang Jiang, Mingnv Guo, Zhongqing Yang, Ruiming Fang, Ziqi Wang, Jingyu Ran
Visible-light photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide with the help of photocatalysts has become an important means to mitigate the greenhouse effect.
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Oxygen insertion at the cage center: an unconventional tuning strategy for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of atomically precise copper cluster cocatalysts

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D3TA07218E, Paper
Yun-Dong Cao, Di Yin, Ming-Liang Wang, Hong Liu, Yi Feng, Lin-Lin Fan, Cai-Li Lv, Guang-Gang Gao
This work not only confirms the long-standing prediction that the Cu8 center can accommodate an oxygen atom but also demonstrates a novel central atom regulation strategy to obtain highly active copper clusters as photocatalysts.
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NiFeCo–OH/NiTe nanoarrays with amorphous/crystalline interfaces for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00772G, Paper
Jing Liu, Da Liu, Xiaoxiao Yan, Peifang Guo, Hongbin Xu, Peng Chen, Renbing Wu
One-dimensional heterostructured NiFeCo–OH/NiTe nanorod arrays with amorphous/crystalline interfaces have been rationally synthesized, exhibiting an excellent OER electrocatalytic performance.
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In situ analysis of the oxygen evolution reaction on the CuO film in alkaline solution by surface interrogation scanning electrochemical microscopy: investigating active sites (CuIII) and kinetics

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00628C, Paper
Seokjun Han, Jinoh Yoo, Won Tae Choi
Surface interrogation scanning electrochemical microscopy was employed to assess the electrocatalytic activity of CuO films for the oxygen evolution reaction in an alkaline solution.
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Machine Learning Enabled Exploration of Multicomponent Metal Oxides for Catalyzing Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Media

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA01884B, Paper
Open Access
  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
Xue Jia, Hao Li
Low-cost metal oxides have emerged as promising candidates used as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to their remarkable stability under oxidizing conditions, particularly in alkaline media. Recent studies...
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Enhanced surface reconstruction of V-Doped Ni3N driven by strong OH adsorption to boost 5-hydroxymethylfurfural electrooxidation for energy-saving H2 production

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA01543F, Paper
Qi Zhou, Juan Wang, Ga Jin, Huiling Liu, Cheng Wang
Coupling biomass electrooxidation with hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) provides an alternative approach for simultaneously increasing the energy efficiency of H2 production and producing high value-added chemicals. Here, a V-doped Ni3N...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Superconductivity above 30 K due to the introduction of oxygen element in CaFeAsF

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TC03994G, Paper
Yixin Liu, Teng Wang, Zulei Xu, Da Jiang, Yi Zhao, Yanpeng Qi, Xiaoni Wang, Ming Yang, Mao Ye, Wei Peng, Gang Mu
Exploring new unconventional superconductors is of great value for both fundamental research and practical applications. It is a long-term challenge to develop and study more hole-doped superconductors in 1111 system...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




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Photocatalytic 1,3-Oxyheteroarylation of Aryl Cyclopropanes with Azine N-oxides

Chem. Sci., 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4SC06723A, Edge Article
Open Access
Doyoung Kim, Hyewon Ju, Wooseok Lee, Sungwoo Hong
Cyclopropanes, valuable C3 building blocks in organic synthesis, possess high strain energy and inherent stability. We present an efficient, environmentally benign 1,3-oxyheteroarylation of aryl cyclopropanes using azine N-oxides as bifunctional...
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Bringing Orthodoxy to America

Fr. Barnabas speaks with Fr. Jim Kordaris, Director of Stewardship, Outreach and Evangelism for the GOA and Thomaida Hudanish, Assistant Director of C.O.M.E - the Commission for Orthodox Evangelism in San Francisco. They give information about the upcoming Bringing Orthodoxy to America Conference in Portland. They also take listener calls on the subject of evangelism.




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Orthodoxy and Psychology

The Rev. Dr. Nicholas and Presbytera and Psychologist Dr. Roxanne Louh join Fr. Barnabas to talk about the role of psychology in understanding ourselves as Orthodox Christians.




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Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy - Fr. Andrew Damick

Fr. Barnabas welcomes Fr. Andrew Stephen Damick to talk about his revised and updated book Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy. They take calls including one from a Mormon and one from an African American Orthodox Christian looking for outreach to that community.




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Orthodoxy and the Reformation

Fr. Panayiotis Papageorgiou joins Fr. Barnabas to talk about the Reformation and its effects on the Christian Church.




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Tellurium in late Permian-early Triassic sediments as a proxy for Siberian flood basalt volcanism

Regelous, M; Regelous, A; Grasby, S E; Bond, D P G; Haase, K M; Gleißner, S; Wignall, P B. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (G3) vol. 21, issue 11, e2020GC009064, 2020 p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009064
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200580.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200580.jpg" title="Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (G3) vol. 21, issue 11, e2020GC009064, 2020 p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009064" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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A GIS-based multi-proxy analysis of the evolution of subglacial dynamics in the Quebec-Labrador ice dome, northeastern Quebec, Canada

Rice, J M; Ross, M; Paulen, R C; Kelley, S E; Briner, J P. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 2020 p. 1-23, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4957
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20190357.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20190357.jpg" title="Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 2020 p. 1-23, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4957" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Clumped and oxygen isotopes reveal differential disequilibrium in the formation of carbonates from marine methane seeps

Savard, M M; Jautzy, J J; Lavoie, D; Dhillon, R S; Defliese, W. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta vol. 298, 2021 p. 43-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2021.01.041
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200080.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200080.jpg" title="Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta vol. 298, 2021 p. 43-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2021.01.041" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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Prescribing sodium oxybate for narcolepsy




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Wikipedia: The Woman's Bible - The Woman's Bible is a two-part book, written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and a committee of 26 women, and published in 1895 and 1898 to challenge the traditional position of religious orthodoxy that woman should be su

Many women's rights activists who worked with Stanton were opposed to the publication of The Woman's Bible; they felt it would harm the drive for women's suffrage. Although it was never accepted by Bible scholars as a major work, it became a popular best-seller, much to the dismay of suffragists who worked alongside Stanton within the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). Susan B. Anthony tried to calm the younger suffragists, but they issued a formal denunciation of the book, and worked to distance the suffrage movement from Stanton's broader scope which included attacks on traditional religion. Because of the widespread negative reaction, including suffragists who had been close to her, publication of the book effectively ended Stanton's influence in the suffrage movement. -- In 1881, 1885 and 1894, the Church of England published a Revised Version of the Bible, the first new English version in over two centuries. Stanton was dissatisfied with the Revised Version's failure to include recent scholarship from Bible expert Julia Smith. ... Stanton assembled a "Revising Committee" to draft commentary on the new Bible version. Many of those she approached in person and by letter refused to take part, especially scholars who would be risking their professional reputations. Some 26 people agreed to help. Sharing Stanton's determination, the committee wished to correct biblical interpretation which was biased against women, and to bring attention to the small fraction of the Bible which discussed women. They intended to demonstrate that it was not divine will that humiliated women, but human desire for domination. The committee was made up of women who were not Bible scholars, but who were interested in biblical interpretation and were active in women's rights. Among the more famous members of the international committee were Augusta Jane Chapin, Lillie Devereux Blake, Matilda Joslyn Gage, Olympia Brown, Alexandra Gripenberg, Ursula Mellor Bright and Irma von Troll-Borostyáni. -- Reaction: At its introduction, The Woman's Bible was widely criticized in editorials and from the pulpit. Stanton wrote that "the clergy denounced it as the work of Satan ..." Some were put off just by its prejudicial, sacrilegious title, especially those who did not take the time to read the book. Others countered the book's more extreme conclusions one by one in public fora such as letters to the editor. One female reader of The New York Times wrote to decry The Woman's Bible for its radical statements that the Trinity was composed of "a Heavenly Mother, Father, and Son", and that prayers should be addressed to an "ideal Heavenly Mother". Mary Seymour Howell, a member of the Revising Committee, wrote to The New York Times in defense of the book, saying that its title could be better understood as "The Woman's Commentary on the Women of the Bible". Stanton countered attacks by women readers, writing "the only difference between us is, we say that these degrading ideas of woman emanated from the brain of man, while the church says that they came from God." -- Susan B. Anthony, Stanton's best and most faithful collaborator, concluded after years of working for women's rights that the concentration on one issue-votes for women-was the key to bringing success to the movement. The women's organizations had too varied a membership to agree on anything more complex. Stanton insisted, however, that the women's rights conventions were too narrowly focused; she brought forward a variety of challenging concepts in the form of essays for Anthony to read to the audiences. When Stanton made known her interest in completing The Woman's Bible, Anthony was unhappy at the futility of the effort, a harmful digression from the focused path which led to woman suffrage. Anthony wrote to Clara Colby to say of Stanton "of all her great speeches, I am always proud-but of her Bible commentaries, I am not proud-either of their spirit or letter ... But I shall love and honor her to the end-whether her Bible please me or not. So I hope she will do for me." -- At the NAWSA convention January 23-28, 1896, Corresponding Secretary Rachel Foster Avery led the battle to distance the organization from The Woman's Bible. After Susan B. Anthony opened the convention on January 23, Avery surprised Anthony by stating to the more than 100 members of the audience: During the latter part of the year the work has been in several directions much hindered by the general misconception of the relation of the so-called "Woman's Bible" to our association. As an organization we have been held responsible for the action of an individual ... in issuing a volume with a pretentious title, covering a jumble of comment ... without either scholarship or literary value, set forth in a spirit which is neither reverent nor inquiring. Avery called for a resolution: "That this Association is non-sectarian, being composed of persons of all shades of religious opinion, and that it has no connection with the so-called 'Woman's Bible', or any theological publication." The motion was tabled until later, and motions were made to strike Avery's comments from the official record. A complete account of Avery's remarks were reported the next day in The New York Times. The opinion of NAWSA delegate Laura Clay, expressed in her Southern Committee report on January 27 that "the South is ready for woman suffrage, but it must be woman suffrage and nothing else," was typical of responses to The Woman's Bible conflict. Most suffragists wanted only to work on the right to vote, "without attaching it to dress reform, or bicycling, or anything else ..." On the afternoon of January 28, a list of Resolutions was put to a vote. The first seven were passed without comment. The eighth was Avery's proposed dissociation with The Woman's Bible, and its presence caused an active debate. Anna Howard Shaw, Alice Stone Blackwell, Henry Browne Blackwell, Carrie Chapman Catt and others spoke in favor, while Lillie Devereux Blake, Clara B. Colby, and more spoke against it. Anthony left her chair to join the debate against the resolution, and spoke at length, saying "Lucretia Mott at first thought Mrs. Stanton had injured the cause of woman's rights by insisting on the demand for woman suffrage, but she had sense enough not to pass a resolution about it ..." A majority of 53 to 41 delegates approved the resolution, an action which was seen as a censure of Stanton, and one which was never repealed. Avery's opening report of January 23 was adopted with the part about The Woman's Bible expunged. -- Legacy: Stanton wished for a greater degree of scholarship in The Woman's Bible, but was unable to convince Bible scholars of her day to take part in what was expected to be a controversial project. Scholars continued to avoid addressing the subject of sexism in the Bible until 1964 when Margaret Brackenbury Crook published Women and Religion, a study of the status of women in Judaism and Christianity. Subsequent works by Letty Russell and Phyllis Trible furthered the connection between feminism and the Bible. Today, biblical scholarship by women has come into maturity, with women posing new questions about the Bible, and challenging the very basis of biblical studies. Stanton herself was marginalized in the women's suffrage movement after publication of The Woman's Bible. From that time forward, Susan B. Anthony took the place of honor among the majority of suffragettes. Stanton was never again invited to sit in a place of honor on stage at the NAWSA convention.



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 4. 1881 A.D. to Present (2012) - Corrupt modern bible translations and compromised Seminaries and Universities

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Origen Adamantius of Alexandria (184-254 A.D.) - Origen was an early Christian Alexandrian scholar and theologian, and one of the most distinguished writers of the early Church - As early as the fourth century, his orthodoxy was suspect, in part because h

Origen was probaby born in Alexandria, to Christian parents. Origen was educated by his father, St. Leonides, who gave him a standard Hellenistic education, but also had him study the Christian Scriptures. In 202, Origen's father was martyred in the outbreak of the persecution during the reign of Septimius Severus. A story reported by Eusebius has it that Origen wished to follow him in martyrdom, but was prevented only by his mother hiding his clothes. The death of Leonides left the family of nine impoverished when their property was confiscated. Origen, however, was taken under the protection of a woman of wealth and standing; but as her household already included a heretic named Paul, the strictly orthodox Origen seems to have remained with her only a short time. -- Eusebius of Caesarea, our chief witness to Origen's life, says that in 203 Origen revived the Catechetical School of Alexandria where Clement of Alexandria had once taught but had apparently been driven out during the persecution under Severus. Many modern scholars, however, doubt that Clement's school had been an official ecclesiastical institution as Origen's was and thus deny continuity between the two. But the persecution still raged, and the young teacher visited imprisoned Christians, attended the courts, and comforted the condemned, himself preserved from persecution because the persecution was probably limited only to converts to Christianity. His fame and the number of his pupils increased rapidly, so that Bishop Demetrius of Alexandria, made him restrict himself to instruction in Christian doctrine alone. -- His own interests became more and more centered in exegesis, and he accordingly studied Hebrew, though there is no certain knowledge concerning his instructor in that language. From about this period (212-213) dates Origen's acquaintance with Ambrose of Alexandria, whom he was instrumental in converting from Valentinianism to orthodoxy. Later (about 218 A.D.) Ambrose of Alexandria {not to be confused with Saint Ambrose (337 - 4 April 397 A.D.) Bishop of Milan}, a man of wealth, made a formal agreement with Origen to promulgate his writings, and all the subsequent works of Origen (except his sermons, which were not expressly prepared for publication) were dedicated to Ambrose. In 213 or 214, Origen visited Arabia at the request of the prefect, who wished to have an interview with him; and Origen accordingly spent a brief time in Petra, after which he returned to Alexandria. In the following year, a popular uprising at Alexandria caused Caracalla to let his soldiers plunder the city, shut the schools, and expel all foreigners. The latter measure caused Ambrose to take refuge in Caesarea, where he seems to have made his permanent home; and Origen left Egypt, apparently going with Ambrose to Caesarea, where he spent some time. Here, in conformity with local usage based on Jewish custom, Origen, though not ordained, preached and interpreted the Scriptures at the request of the bishops Alexander of Jerusalem and Theoctistus of Caesarea. When, however, the confusion in Alexandria subsided, Demetrius recalled Origen, probably in 216 A.D. -- Origen excelled in multiple branches of theological scholarship, including textual criticism, biblical interpretation, philosophical theology, preaching, and spirituality. Some of his teachings, however, quickly became controversial. Notably, he frequently referred to his hypothesis of the pre-existence of souls. As in the beginning all intelligent beings were united to God, Origen also held out the possibility, though he did not assert so definitively, that in the end all beings, perhaps even the arch-fiend Satan, would be reconciled to God in what is called the apokatastasis ("restitution"). Origen's views on the Trinity, in which he saw the Son of God as subordinate to God the Father, became controversial during the Arian controversy of the fourth century, though a subordinationist view was common among the ante-Nicene Fathers. A group who came to be known as Origenists, and who firmly believed in the preexistence of souls and the apokatastasis, were declared anathema in the 6th century. This condemnation is attributed to the Second Ecumenical Council of Constantinople, though it does not appear in the council's official minutes. Few scholars today believe that Origen should be blamed, as he commonly was in the past, for tentatively putting forward hypotheses, later judged heretical, on certain philosophical problems during a time when Christian doctrine was somewhat unclear on said problems.



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 1. 0 A.D. to 312 A.D. - Birth of Jesus and the early Church Age

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37. From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest ...

Simply Uk Gadgets ,siti di Simply Uk Gadgets , informazioni su . com ::RSS feeds ,RSS directory,RSS software,RSS scripts,RSS . [demime 0.97c-p1 removed an ...




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Retroviral particles in human immune defenses - is AIDS orthodoxy dead wrong?

We have previously published articles by the Australian AIDS-and-biology researcher Cal Crilly, and here is yet another installment. Cal is someone who digs into scientific studies. He does biological detective work and finds gems that hide in plain view, things we don't normally understand and that even the experts do not see as they are not trained to put discordant facts together and question basic assumptions. What this new article tells us is that retroviruses - the same kind that are thought to cause immune deficiency or AIDS - are useful and necessary for our immune system to function correctly. That of course tends to leave the hypothesis of a viral causation of AIDS in grave trouble. I say 'hypothesis' because no one has proven, or even come close to a coherent explanation for, the mechanism of AIDS causation by HIV. How does a retrovirus that is by nature a benign particle, cause devastation of the immune system? Here we have several scientific studies published in the world's finest journals, which attest to the fact that retroviruses are part and parcel of the human organism, that they are needed to provide certain defensive capabilities against invaders, and that they are not pathogenic. So we might ask ourselves why HIV tests (thought to indicate the presence of a retrovirus) are still performed, and why doctors are still recommending the use of toxic anti-retroviral drugs to kill what, rather than a foreign invader, appears to be part of normal human metabolic processes. Cal Crilly lays it out for you, citing and linking the sources......




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TNP - Oxygen Therapy

Provides information on the basis of oxygen therapy and guidelines on administering oxygen therapy using various methods.




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Humility - The Only Path Forward for Orthodoxy

Fr. Stephen looks at the virtue of humility and its place in the life of Orthodox Christianity, suggesting that it is our only path towards union with God.




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History, Post-Modernism, and Orthodoxy

Fr. Stephen speaks at length about the place of Orthodoxy within the modern world. Orthodox history is unknown to most Americans but has something to say to them and to help them in the healing of their own culture.




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Orthodoxy and Culture

Fr. Stephen looks at the relationship between Orthodox Christianity and culture and argues that since Orthodoxy is the fullness of the faith, it should also be productive of the fullness of what it is to be human. Healthy Orthodox nations have always had a healthy Orthodox culture.




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Leaving the Archipelago: Orthodoxy and the “Whole” Good News

In which Nicole shares what she learned at the recent Whole Good News Conference and the talk she gave there. Also a lesson in time about praying while sick. Mentioned in this episode: The Whole Good News Conference hosted by MissioAlliance (https://www.missioalliance.org/twgn) The Life of Moses by Gregory of Nyssa The Emotionally Healthy Woman by Lisa Scazzero Irresistible: the Rise of Addictive Technology and the Business of Keeping Us Hooked by Adam Alter The Ruthless Elimination of Hurry by John Mark Comer The intro and outro of this podcast are the songs "Idea" and "Remedy for Melancholy" by Kai Engel, available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license.




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Native Americans and Orthodoxy

Frederica is in Anchorage at the Alaska Native Heritage Center today talking with Orthodox convert Steven Alvarez and is interrupted only once by Alaskan wildlife!




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That's Not Orthodoxy

Frederica urges us to focus on the truly important aspects of our Orthodox Faith, rather than getting distracted by politics, scandals, or gossip.




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Taking Orthodoxy to America

Frederica reflects on Fr. Marc Dunaway's article "Taking Orthodoxy to America," which appeared in the In Community newsletter from St. John Orthodox Cathedral in Eagle River, Alaska.




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The Western Liturgical Rite in Orthodoxy

An informal chat with the wives of two priests from Western Rite parishes in the Antiochian Archdiocese.




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The Triumph of Orthodoxy

You won't find a more concise and helpful explanation of why Orthodox Christians keep and venerate icons.




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The Sunday of Orthodoxy

As we celebrate the Triumph of Orthodoxy and the victory over iconoclasm, Fr. Tom gives a personal reflection on icons and their use and misuse.




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Bishops - Part 48: The Reformation and its Impact on Orthodoxy

Fr. Thomas Hopko calls the Reformation one of the most impactful periods of Church history on Orthodoxy. Learn about how the Orthodox were influenced by Roman Catholic and Protestant thinking.




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Bishops - Part 49: 17th Century Calvinistic and Roman Influences on Orthodoxy

Fr. Tom talks about what happened in the 17th Century, when Orthodoxy in both Constantinople and Ukraine were influenced by non Orthodox thinking.




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Orthodoxy Amid the Mennonites

Fr. Joseph interviews a former Mennonite, along with a former comedian, about an Orthodox venture amid the Mennonites in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.