This note is taken from Chapter 2 of Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2012.

Euro area finance ministers meeting this week need to boost the firepower of the European stability funds to at least one trillion euros in order to restore market confidence, OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría said today.

The Spanish economy experienced significantly weaker labour productivity growth than other OECD economies and failed to catch up with the most advanced economies in the period 1996-2007. In recent years labour productivity growth has accelerated, but this recovery is likely to be due to cyclical and temporary factors.

OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría welcomes the Spanish government's budget and the economic policy measures announced yesterday.

Spain is immersed in a prolonged recession that has been compounded by the continuing crisis in the euro area. The path to recovery has been launched, but will require full implementation of reforms and some additional measures to restore confidence in the financial sector, redress public finances and bring down high unemployment, according to the OECD’s latest Economic Survey of Spain.

This paper provides both descriptive and empirical evidence about the main youth labour market problems in Spain. Using the experiences of other EU economies as a benchmark, we document the performance of Spain as regards a wide set of youth labour market dimensions.

The unemployment rate among young people has reached painfully high levels, in particular among those young people with low levels of education.

Spain is emerging from a protracted recession, marked by a return to moderate growth and rising international competitiveness. Decisive banking and fiscal reforms, coupled with supportive monetary policy from the European Central Bank, have reduced financial tensions and improved public finance.

Policy efforts to revitalise entrepreneurship and investment in Spain are key to generating growth and new jobs. The government has a substantial reform program to make it easier to do business in Spain, which should in some cases be deepened. Boosting economic growth requires a new generation of high-growth companies and that resources flow towards the most productive firms.

Structural transformation towards a more knowledge-based economy will strengthen Spain’s medium-term growth prospects. To deal with long standing impediments to higher growth the government has a substantial structural reform programme touching on education, the labour market and the business environment.

As other high-income countries, Spain has experienced competitive pressures from China and other emerging economies that have resulted in a loss of global market share.

The Spanish economy is enjoying a robust recovery from a deep recession, with structural reforms contributing to high growth rates and a gradual decline in unemployment.

Poverty has risen in Spain in the wake of the crisis, mainly due to lack of quality jobs that provide enough hours of paid work to support decent incomes.

Spain has chronically low productivity growth, which undermines its ability to generate higher living standards.

The Spanish economy is growing strongly, but there is a risk that many people are being left behind.

Estonian growth is picking up again strongly in 2017 and the level of activity has finally surpassed its pre-crisis level, almost 10 years after the outset of the financial crisis. However, poverty remains among the highest in the OECD.

The personal tax system has a large influence on incentives to work, save and invest and hence growth. At the same time it is a key policy lever for income redistribution.

The United Kingdom displays large regional disparities in productivity compared to most other OECD countries, with a large gap between London and most other regions.

Imports in Spain increased to 26649854.99 EUR Thousand in January from 24660000 EUR Thousand in December of 2019. Imports in Spain averaged 8833549.15 EUR Thousand from 1962 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 30249871.83 EUR Thousand in October of 2018 and a record low of 37437.04 EUR Thousand in January of 1962. In 2017, imports to Spain rose 10.5 percent from the previous year to an all-time high of EUR 302 billion, mainly driven by a surge in domestic demand and an increase in energy prices. Within the Autonomous Communities, the biggest importers were Catalonia (28 percent of total imports), Madrid (20 percent) Andalusia (10 percent) and Valencia (9 percent). Spain main imports were: capital goods (22 percent of total imports); chemicals (15 percent); energy products (13 percent); automotive sector (13 percent); consumer goods (12 percent); food, beverages and tobacco (12 percent); and non-chemical semi-manufactured products (7 percent). Main import partners were: Germany (13 percent of total imports); France (11 percent); China (9 percent); Italy (7 percent); the US (5 percent); the UK and Portugal (4 percent each); and Morocco and Turkey (2 percent each). This page provides the latest reported value for - Spain Imports - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Core consumer prices in Spain increased 1.10 percent in March of 2020 over the same month in the previous year. Core Inflation Rate in Spain averaged 5.76 percent from 1977 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 27.10 percent in September of 1977 and a record low of -0.10 percent in April of 2010. In Spain, the core inflation rate tracks changes in prices that consumers pay for a basket of goods which excludes some volatile price items. This page provides - Spain Core Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes has released peer review reports assessing the tax systems of 13 jurisdictions for information exchange.

As part of continuing efforts to boost transparency by multinational enterprises (MNEs), Brazil, Guernsey, Jersey, the Isle of Man and Latvia signed today the Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement (MCAA) for the automatic exchange of Country-by-Country reports, bringing the total number of signatories to 49.

Latin America and the Caribbean’s (LAC) GDP will shrink by between 0.9% and 1% in 2016, according to the latest estimates, the second consecutive year of negative growth and a rate of contraction the region has not seen since the early 1980s. According to the Latin American Economic Outlook 2017, the region should recover in 2017, but with modest GDP growth of between 1.5% and 2%, below expected growth in advanced economies.

Openness is one of the key values that guide the OECD vision for a stronger, cleaner, fairer world. This is why the OECD welcomes the launch of the Open Government Partnership today and the efforts led by Presidents Obama and Rousseff to promote government transparency, fight corruption, empower citizens and maximise the potential of new technologies to strengthen accountability and foster participation in public affairs.

Greater use of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) can help Spain unlock governmental efficiencies and help prepare the country for future economic growth, according to a new study from the OECD.

On 8 June 2012 an International Seminar on « Ensuring Transparency and Integrity in Lobbying : Towards a Regulatory Framework » will take place in Moscow, Russia.

A return to growth is essential to leave the crisis behind. But the path to growth will be difficult for governments if they do not rebuild trust with their citizens.

In collaboration with the Federal Government of Germany, the OECD organised four workshops at the International Regulatory Reform Conference (IRRC) 2013 in Berlin. The workshops focused on the use of cost-benefit analysis in governmental decision making, as well as on the role of key actors of regulatory governance in the regulatory policy cycle: Parliaments, regulatory agencies and audit offices.

The Forum addressed key challenges in designing and implementing a system that ensures compliance in a cost-effective way.

This blog, written by ODI's Anna Locke, discusses land governance and transparency definitions, initiatives and key lessons. The post is part of Wikiprogress' spotlight on governance.

Spain’s planned public sector reforms should help make the country’s institutions stronger and more effective, and proposals to increase transparency and root out corruption will do much to restore public trust, according to a new OECD report.

Blog article by Cobus de Swardt, Managing Director of Transparency International, written for the OECD Integrity Forum 2015.

Fiscal decentralisation can lead to a more efficient provision of local public goods and services and promote a better match between policies and citizens’ preferences.

The Regional School of Public Administration (ReSPA) has devoted its 9th Annual Conference to opening direct channels of discussion on experiences, methodologies and innovative practices in the process of optimization of public administration in the Western Balkans.

To what extent can public deficits increase without putting fiscal sustainability at risk, given the specific current macroeconomic situation of protracted low growth and low interest rates, combined with relatively high government debt levels?

Toolkit providing a gateway to the various global budget and fiscal transparency institutions, official instruments, standards, and guidance materials.

This report reviews current arrangements and trends in board nomination, size and composition, evaluation, training, induction and use of committees in Latin American SOEs. It also includes financing and budgeting. The countries covered are Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.

This report provides an overview of national approaches to disclosure and transparency in the state-owned enterprise (SOE) sector in nine Asian economies: Bhutan, India, Kazakhstan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam.

Household Saving Rate in Spain increased to 12.91 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from -1.26 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Personal Savings in Spain averaged 7.73 percent from 1999 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 20.14 percent in the second quarter of 2009 and a record low of -6.74 percent in the first quarter of 2008. In Spain, Personal Savings correspond to the income saved by persons during a certain period of time. This page provides - Spain Personal Savings - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Crude Oil Production in Spain remained unchanged at 1 BBL/D/1K in December from 1 BBL/D/1K in November of 2019. Crude Oil Production in Spain averaged 5.54 BBL/D/1K from 1994 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 17 BBL/D/1K in February of 1994 and a record low of 0.04 BBL/D/1K in July of 2019. This page provides the latest reported value for - Spain Crude Oil Production - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Wages High Skilled in Spain remained unchanged at 1990 EUR/Month in 2018 from 1990 EUR/Month in 2017. Wages High Skilled in Spain averaged 2032.50 EUR/Month from 2015 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 2120 EUR/Month in 2015 and a record low of 1990 EUR/Month in 2017. High Skilled Wages refer to highest estimate of wage of workers doing high-skilled jobs, calculated from sample of wages collected by WageIndicator surveys.

Electricity Production in Spain decreased to 23699 Gigawatt-hour in December from 24028 Gigawatt-hour in November of 2019. Electricity Production in Spain averaged 23623.64 Gigawatt-hour from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 27405 Gigawatt-hour in January of 2008 and a record low of 20466 Gigawatt-hour in April of 2017. This page has Electricity Production values for Spain.

Employment in Spain increased by 0.80 in December of 2019. Employment Change in Spain averaged 0.39 percent from 1995 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 1.60 percent in the first quarter of 2000 and a record low of -2.80 percent in the first quarter of 2009. In Spain, employment change refers to the quarterly change in the number of persons who work for pay or profit, or perform unpaid family work. Estimates include both full-time and part-time employment. This page provides - Spain Employment Change- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Car Production in Spain decreased to 1154 Hundred Units in March from 2081 Hundred Units in February of 2020. Car Production in Spain averaged 1519.60 Hundred Units from 1980 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 2504 Hundred Units in June of 2004 and a record low of 139 Hundred Units in August of 1981. This page provides - Spain Car Production- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Argentina decreased to 557.66 SQ. METRE THO in February from 629.58 SQ. METRE THO in January of 2020. Housing Index in Argentina averaged 605.79 SQ. METRE THO from 1991 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 1119.25 SQ. METRE THO in December of 2007 and a record low of 127.13 SQ. METRE THO in January of 2002. In Argentina, the Housing Index is measured by surface area registered for private construction. This page provides - Argentina Permits for Floor Space - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Spain 10Y Bond Yield was 0.87 percent on Friday May 8, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Historically, the Spain Government Bond 10Y reached an all time high of 14.03 in October of 1992. Generally, a government bond is issued by a national government and is denominated in the country`s own currency. Bonds issued by national governments in foreign currencies are normally referred to as sovereign bonds. The yield required by investors to loan funds to governments reflects inflation expectations and the likelihood that the debt will be repaid.

Spain recorded a Government Budget deficit equal to 2.80 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2019. Government Budget in Spain averaged -3.77 percent of GDP from 1995 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 2.10 percent of GDP in 2006 and a record low of -11.30 percent of GDP in 2009. Government Budget is an itemized accounting of the payments received by government (taxes and other fees) and the payments made by government (purchases and transfer payments). A budget deficit occurs when an government spends more money than it takes in. The opposite of a budget deficit is a budget surplus. This page provides the latest reported value for - Spain Government Budget - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Import Prices in Spain decreased to 110.50 points in February from 112.50 points in January of 2020. Import Prices in Spain averaged 76.11 points from 1968 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 116.80 points in August of 2012 and a record low of 12.20 points in January of 1968. In Spain, Import Prices correspond to the rate of change in the prices of goods and services purchased by residents of that country from, and supplied by, foreign sellers. Import Prices are heavily affected by exchange rates. This page provides - Spain Import Prices - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The Corporate Tax Rate in Spain stands at 25 percent. Corporate Tax Rate in Spain averaged 32.49 percent from 1981 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 35 percent in 1984 and a record low of 25 percent in 2016. In Spain, the Corporate Income tax rate is a tax collected from companies. Its amount is based on the net income companies obtain while exercising their business activity, normally during one business year. The benchmark we use refers to the highest rate for Corporate Income. Revenues from the Corporate Tax Rate are an important source of income for the government of Spain. This page provides the latest reported value for - Spain Corporate Tax Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Producer Prices in Spain decreased 5 percent in March of 2020 over the same month in the previous year. Producer Prices Change in Spain averaged 4.94 percent from 1976 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 24.60 percent in December of 1977 and a record low of -6.70 percent in July of 2009. Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period. This page provides the latest reported value for - Spain Producer Prices Change - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.