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The Precision Agriculture for Resilient Commercial Horticulture Sector Project will promote horticulture commercialization by (i) catalyzing the formation of producer groups and (ii) strengthening vertical market linkages between producer groups and downstream agribusiness. The project location is in Bakhmal district in the Jizzakh region, directly benefiting at least 170 small-scale farmers while indirectly supporting at least 85 agricultural workers and their families.

Orca – Black & White Gold digs deep into the dirty waters surrounding the killer whale trade and captures a daring rescue mission

There are many scary claims about excess time on digital devices for children and teenagers. Here’s a guide to the real risks - and what to do about them

Taiwan’s first ever minister of digital affairs has transformed politics, using online platforms and AI to give power to the country’s citizens – with lessons for us all

The slow-running movement, in which people meet for unhurried jogs, is booming – but don't be fooled into thinking that if there's no pain, there's no gain

Artificial intelligence has more in common with ants than humans, says Neil Lawrence. Only by taking a more nuanced view of intelligence can we see how machines will truly transform society

A recent atomic physics workshop was outside my dark matter comfort zone, but learning about science beyond my usual boundaries was invigorating, says Chanda Prescod-Weinstein

Scientific bodies are due to make an official decision in the coming year about whether to declare a new geochronological unit precipitated by the impact of humans on Earth

Orca – Black & White Gold digs deep into the dirty waters surrounding the killer whale trade and captures a daring rescue mission

Several psychological biases undermine our ability to make new friends. Understand them and you’ll know the secrets to building meaningful relationships that last

Title: Cialis, Viagra Labels to Note Amnesia
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2008 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2008 12:00:00 AM

Title: Lung Association Urges Back-to-School Asthma Checklist
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2008 2:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2008 12:00:00 AM

Title: Financial Incentives May Speed Radiology Test Results
Category: Health News
Created: 8/20/2010 2:10:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/23/2010 12:00:00 AM

Title: Start School Later for Older Kids, Pediatricians Urge
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2014 9:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: E-Cigarettes Should Be Regulated Like Tobacco: American Heart Association
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2014 9:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Pediatricians Offer New Dental Recommendations
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2014 9:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: ALS Ice Bucket Challenge Blows Up Social Media
Category: Health News
Created: 8/23/2014 11:01:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Hep B Vaccine Should Be Given Sooner: Pediatricians Group
Category: Health News
Created: 8/28/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/28/2017 12:00:00 AM

Title: Promoting Social Wellness in Your Community
Category: Health News
Created: 8/29/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/29/2017 12:00:00 AM

Title: Pediatricians Sound Alarm on Rapid Weight Changes in Young Athletes
Category: Health News
Created: 9/1/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 9/1/2017 12:00:00 AM

Title: Two Ebola Patients Who Received Experimental Treatment Have Recovered: Congo Officials
Category: Health News
Created: 8/27/2018 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2018 12:00:00 AM

Title: Pediatricians Make Change to Child Car Seat Guidelines
Category: Health News
Created: 8/30/2018 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/30/2018 12:00:00 AM

Title: Scientists Challenge Key Survival Stat Cited by U.S. Officials in Plasma Approval
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Teachers' Unions, Doctors Agree: Vaccines, Masks Crucial for Return-to-School
Category: Health News
Created: 8/23/2021 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/23/2021 12:00:00 AM

Title: Michigan Officials Puzzled by Mysterious Deaths of 30 Dogs
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Even Chores, Socializing Might Lower Your Odds for Dementia
Category: Health News
Created: 7/28/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/29/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Rural Americans With Early Alzheimer's Find It Tough to See Specialists
Category: Health News
Created: 8/9/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/9/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Torn ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear)
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 11/4/2010 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/15/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Being Social May Be Key to 'Sense of Purpose' as You Age
Category: Health News
Created: 7/12/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/12/2022 12:00:00 AM

Background

Immature lung development and respiratory morbidity place preterm-born children at high risk of long-term pulmonary sequelae. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify lung function in preterm-born children and identify risk factors for a compromised lung function.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is highly prevalent in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Widely available noninvasive screening tools are warranted to identify patients at risk for PH, especially severe PH, that could be managed at expert centres. This review summarises current evidence on noninvasive diagnostic modalities and prediction models for the timely detection of PH in patients with ILD. It critically evaluates these approaches and discusses future perspectives in the field. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Scopus, identifying 39 articles that fulfilled inclusion criteria. There is currently no single noninvasive test capable of accurately detecting and diagnosing PH in ILD patients. Estimated right ventricular pressure (RVSP) on Doppler echocardiography remains the single most predictive factor of PH, with other indirect echocardiographic markers increasing its diagnostic accuracy. However, RVSP can be difficult to estimate in patients due to suboptimal views from extensive lung disease. The majority of existing composite scores, including variables obtained from chest computed tomography, pulmonary function tests and cardiopulmonary exercise tests, were derived from retrospective studies, whilst lacking validation in external cohorts. Only two available scores, one based on a stepwise echocardiographic approach and the other on functional parameters, predicted the presence of PH with sufficient accuracy and used a validation cohort. Although several methodological limitations prohibit their generalisability, their use may help physicians to detect PH earlier. Further research on the potential of artificial intelligence may guide a more tailored approach, for timely PH diagnosis.

PWAS (proteome-wide association study) is an innovative genetic association approach that complements widely used methods like GWAS (genome-wide association study). The PWAS approach involves consecutive phases. Initially, machine learning modeling and probabilistic considerations quantify the impact of genetic variants on protein-coding genes’ biochemical functions. Secondly, for each individual, aggregating the variants per gene determines a gene-damaging score. Finally, standard statistical tests are activated in the case-control setting to yield statistically significant genes per phenotype. The PWAS Hub offers a user-friendly interface for an in-depth exploration of gene–disease associations from the UK Biobank (UKB). Results from PWAS cover 99 common diseases and conditions, each with over 10,000 diagnosed individuals per phenotype. Users can explore genes associated with these diseases, with separate analyses conducted for males and females. For each phenotype, the analyses account for sex-based genetic effects, inheritance modes (dominant and recessive), and the pleiotropic nature of associated genes. The PWAS Hub showcases its usefulness for asthma by navigating through proteomic-genetic analyses. Inspecting PWAS asthma-listed genes (a total of 27) provide insights into the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Comparison of PWAS-statistically significant genes for common diseases to the Open Targets benchmark shows partial but significant overlap in gene associations for most phenotypes. Graphical tools facilitate comparing genetic effects between PWAS and coding GWAS results, aiding in understanding the sex-specific genetic impact on common diseases. This adaptable platform is attractive to clinicians, researchers, and individuals interested in delving into gene–disease associations and sex-specific genetic effects.

Most studies of genome organization have focused on intrachromosomal (cis) contacts because they harbor key features such as DNA loops and topologically associating domains. Interchromosomal (trans) contacts have received much less attention, and tools for interrogating potential biologically relevant trans structures are lacking. Here, we develop a computational framework that uses Hi-C data to identify sets of loci that jointly interact in trans. This method, trans-C, initiates probabilistic random walks with restarts from a set of seed loci to traverse an input Hi-C contact network, thereby identifying sets of trans-contacting loci. We validate trans-C in three increasingly complex models of established trans contacts: the Plasmodium falciparum var genes, the mouse olfactory receptor "Greek islands," and the human RBM20 cardiac splicing factory. We then apply trans-C to systematically test the hypothesis that genes coregulated by the same trans-acting element (i.e., a transcription or splicing factor) colocalize in three dimensions to form "RNA factories" that maximize the efficiency and accuracy of RNA biogenesis. We find that many loci with multiple binding sites of the same DNA-binding proteins interact with one another in trans, especially those bound by factors with intrinsically disordered domains. Similarly, clustered binding of a subset of RNA-binding proteins correlates with trans interaction of the encoding loci. We observe that these trans-interacting loci are close to nuclear speckles. These findings support the existence of trans-interacting chromatin domains (TIDs) driven by RNA biogenesis. Trans-C provides an efficient computational framework for studying these and other types of trans interactions, empowering studies of a poorly understood aspect of genome architecture.

The 10q11.22 chromosomal region is a duplication-rich interval of the human genome and one of the last to be fully assembled. It carries copy number–variable genes associated with intellectual disability, bipolar disorder, and obesity. In this study, we characterized the structural diversity at this locus by analyzing 64 haploid assemblies produced by the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium. We identified 11 alternative haplotypes that differ in the copy number and/or orientation of large genomic segments, ranging from hundreds of kilobase pairs (kbp) to over one megabase pair (Mbp). We uncovered a 2.4 Mbp size difference between the shortest and longest haplotypes. Breakpoint analysis revealed that genomic instability results from nonallelic homologous recombination between segmental duplication (SD) pairs with varying similarity (94.4%–99.6%). Nonetheless, these pairs generally recombine at positions where their identity is higher (>99.6%). Recurrent inversions occur with different breakpoints within the same inverted SD pair. Inversion polymorphisms shuffle the entire SD arrangement, creating new predispositions to copy-number variations. The SD architecture is associated with a catarrhine-specific subgroup of the AGAP gene family, which likely triggered the accumulation of SDs at this locus over the past 25 million years of human evolution. Our results reveal extensive structural diversity and genomic instability at the 10q11.22 locus, and expand the general understanding of the mutational mechanisms behind SD-mediated rearrangements.

Two decades into the era of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), the promise of streamlining clinical care, reducing burden, and improving patient outcomes has yet to be realized. A cross-sectional family physician census conducted by the American Board of Family Medicine in 2022 and 2023 included self-reported physician EHR satisfaction. Of the nearly 10,000 responding family physicians, only one-in-four (26.2%) report being very satisfied and one-in-three (33.8%) were not satisfied. These low levels of satisfaction point to the need for greater transparency in the marketplace and pressure to increase user-centric EHR design.

We propose a paper that provides education on commonly used long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) to improve primary care based mental health interventions in patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorders. With the expanding interface of primary care and psychiatry across all healthcare settings, it has become increasingly important for primary care clinicians to have a broader understanding of common psychiatric treatments, including LAIs. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics have been shown to be helpful in significantly improving treatment adherence, preventing disease progression, improving treatment response, decreasing readmission rates, and reducing social impairment. We discuss evidence-based indications and guidelines for use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics. We provide an overview of the treatment of SMI with LAIs, mainly focusing on the most commonly used long-acting injectable antipsychotics, advantages and disadvantages of each, along with outlining important clinical pearls for ease of practical application. Equipped with increased familiarity and understanding of these essential therapies, primary care clinicians can better facilitate early engagement with psychiatric care, promote more widespread use, and thus significantly improve the wellbeing and quality of life of patients with severe mental illness.

Purpose:

Sexual misconduct by physicians is a consequential violation of patient trust. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and patterns of sexual misconduct by physicians certified by the American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM).

Background:

Nested within a growing body of evidence of a gender pay gap in medicine are more alarming recent findings from family medicine: a gender pay gap of 16% can be detected at a very early career stage. This article explores qualitative evidence of women’s experiences negotiating for their first job out of residency to ascertain women’s engagement with and approach to the negotiation process.

Purpose:

Providing medication abortion in the primary care setting is a promising way to increase access to abortion, a threatened service in many States. This study aimed to characterize primary care clinicians’ interest in prescribing medication abortion, what barriers they face in adding this service, and what support they need.

Background:

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes is associated with improved clinical, behavioral, and psychosocial patient health outcomes and is part of the American Diabetes Association’s Standards of Medical Care. CGM prescription often takes place in endocrinology practices, yet 50% of adults with type 1 diabetes and 90% of all people with type 2 diabetes receive their diabetes care in primary care settings. This study examined primary care clinicians’ perceptions of barriers and resources needed to support CGM use in primary care.

Background:

Higher trust in healthcare providers has been linked to better health outcomes and satisfaction. Lower trust has been associated with healthcare-based discrimination.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is poised to revolutionize family medicine, offering a transformative approach to achieving the Quintuple Aim. This article examines the imperative for family medicine to adapt to the rapidly evolving field of AI, with an emphasis on its integration in clinical practice. AI's recent advancements have the potential to significantly transform health care. We argue for the proactive engagement of family medicine in directing AI technologies toward enhancing the "Quintuple Aim."

The article highlights potential benefits of AI, such as improved patient outcomes through enhanced diagnostic tools, clinician well-being through reduced administrative burdens, and the promotion of health equity by analyzing diverse data sets. However, we also acknowledge the risks associated with AI, including the potential for automation to diverge from patient-centered care and exacerbate health care disparities. Our recommendations stress the need for family medicine education to incorporate AI literacy, the development of a collaborative for AI integration, and the establishment of guidelines and standards through interdisciplinary cooperation. We conclude that although AI poses challenges, its responsible and ethical implementation can revolutionize family medicine, optimizing patient care and enhancing the role of clinicians in a technology-driven future.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is certainly going to have a large, potentially huge, impact on the practice of family medicine. The specialty is fortunate to have leading experts in the field to guide us along the way. One such team of forward thinkers provides insights into where AI can take the specialty. Another article reports on how well AI performed on the American Board of Family Medicine In-Training Examination. In addition to AI, we have 3 articles that investigate the intersection of social needs and the practice of medicine. Four clinical review articles cover nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, headache treatments, single maintenance and reliever therapy for asthma, and the use of cannabis in the setting of chronic pain. The clinical research articles cover point-of-care hemoglobin A1c testing, continuous glucose monitoring, and screening for HIV. Another group of articles examines the profession of family medicine, covering topics ranging from how women family physicians negotiate their first jobs to the words we use to define primary care.

BACKGROUND:Post–COVID-19 syndrome has affected millions of people, with rehabilitation being at the center of non-pharmacologic care. However, numerous published studies show conflicting results due to, among other factors, considerable variation in subject characteristics. Currently, the effects of age, sex, time of implementation, and prior disease severity on the outcomes of a supervised rehabilitation program after COVID-19 remain unknown.METHODS:This was a non-randomized case-control study. Subjects with post–COVID-19 sequelae were enrolled. Among study participants, those who could attend an 8-week, supervised rehabilitation program composed the intervention group, whereas those who couldn’t the control group. Measurements were collected at baseline and 8 weeks thereafter.RESULTS:Study groups (N = 119) had similar baseline measurements. Participation in rehabilitation (n = 47) was associated with clinically important improvements in the 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance, adjusted (for potential confounders) odds ratio (AOR) 4.56 (95% CI 1.95–10.66); 1-min sit-to-stand test, AOR 4.64 (1.88-11.48); Short Physical Performance Battery, AOR 7.93 (2.82–22.26); health-related quality of life (HRQOL) 5-level EuroQol-5D (Visual Analog Scale), AOR 3.12 (1.37–7.08); Montreal Cognitive Assessment, AOR 6.25 (2.16–18.04); International Physical Activity Questionnaire, AOR 3.63 (1.53–8.59); Fatigue Severity Scale, AOR 4.07 (1.51–10.98); Chalder Fatigue Scale (bimodal score), AOR 3.33 (1.45–7.67); Modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC), AOR 4.43 (1.83–10.74); Post–COVID-19 Functional Scale (PCFS), AOR 3.46 (1.51–7.95); and COPD Assessment Test, AOR 7.40 (2.92–18.75). Time from disease onset was marginally associated only with 6MWT distance, AOR 0.99 (0.99–1.00). Prior hospitalization was associated with clinically important improvements in the mMRC dyspnea scale, AOR 3.50 (1.06–11.51); and PCFS, AOR 3.42 (1.16–10.06). Age, sex, and ICU admission were not associated with the results of any of the aforementioned tests/grading scales.CONCLUSIONS:In this non-randomized, case-control study, post–COVID-19 rehabilitation was associated with improvements in physical function, activity, HRQOL, respiratory symptoms, fatigue, and cognitive impairment. These associations were observed independently of timing of rehabilitation, age, sex, prior hospitalization, and ICU admission.