Since 1960, the Forest Service has been guided by the multiple-use concept, which recognizes five major uses for public lands-timber, water, range, recreation, and fish and wildlife habitat-and mandates that all five should be equally considered in management plans.

As a signatory to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the United States annually compiles a report on the nation's carbon flux—the amount of carbon emitted into the atmosphere compared to the amount stored by terrestrial landscapes.

Interest in landscape-scale approaches to fire management and forest restoration is growing with the realization that these approaches are critical to maintaining healthy forests and protecting nearby communities. However, coordinated planning and action across multiple ownerships have been elusive because of differing goals and forest management styles among landowners. Scientists with the Pacific Northwest Research Station and their colleagues recognized that working at the landscape scale requires integrating the biophysical, social, and economic dimensions of the problem, and this necessitates collecting new types of information and inventing new tools.

The marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) is a threatened coastal bird that feeds on fish and nests in old-growth forests. In northwest Washington, murrelet populations are declining despite protections provided by the Northwest Forest Plan.

Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill) B.S.P) is the dominant forest cover type in interior Alaska and is prone to frequent, stand-replacing wildfires.

Old-growth forests provide unique habitat features and landscape functions compared to younger stands. The goals of many forest management plans in the Pacific Northwest include increasing the area of late-successional and old-growth forests.

Over the past 30 years, the Pacific Northwest Interagency Natural Areas Committee has promoted the establishment and management of natural areas in Oregon and Washington--protected areas devoted to research, education, and conservation of biodiversity.

Excess nitrogen stemming from human activities is a common water pollutant. Fertilizer runoff, sewage, and fossil fuel emission all contain nitrogen that often ends in streams, rivers, and ultimately the ocean.

We describe a food-based system for quantitatively evaluating habitat quality for deer called the Forage Resource Evaluation System for Habitat and provide its rationale and suggestions for use. The system was developed as a tool for wildlife biologists and other natural resource managers and planners interested in evaluating habitat quality and, especially, comparing two or more patches of habitat or the same patch at different seasons or under different conditions. It is based on the quantity (of biomass) and quality (digestible energy and digestible protein) of the habitat's food resources in relation to user-specified metabolic requirements of deer (which differ with species, age, sex, season, and reproductive status). It uses a linear programming algorithm to determine the suitable forage that can sustain deer at the specified requirements.

A fluid layout with max/min width, header/footer and multiple percentage columns ALL reaching the footer using NO images.

A CSS only method of hovering over a horizontal menu link to change the whole menu background image.

A dropdown menu with top level centered and sub menus dynamic widths to fit the longest text, and all in shades of grey and black.

A method of replacing menu link text with rollover png images that works in IE6 and also degrades well when images are of and/or CSS is off.

The no hacks, no javascript, no tables and no conditional comments dropdown/flyout menu restyled to work correctly in all browsers, with tabbing.

The no hacks, no javascript, no tables and no conditional comments flyout menu with tabbing.

The no hacks, no javascript, no tables and no conditional comments dropdown/flyout menu with png opacity background images.

Using the new multi-level menu system this has a better indication of the path taken through the menu structure.

A multi-level drop/fly menu using the new system and mouse clicks instead of hovers.

A multi-level drop/fly menu using the new system with manually adjusted widths for top and sub levels.

The previous menu with the ability to adjust the widths of all levels.

The previous menu with the ability to adjust the widths of all levels and center each level.

A skeleton flyout menu with the path taken through the menu highlighted..

The multi level dropdown/flyout menu with the path through the menu highlighted.

A small restyle to make this menu system more robust and have an easy menu trail style.

Back to the very basic styling to produce this no hacks dropdown/flyout menu.

Using the latest no hack system to have top level images and dropdown boxes cntaing images and text

Using CSS3 and keyframes to produce an interactive marquee

How to style the background image using CSS3 to make it fit the container size.

A series of three galleries using timeAction for IE7 and IE8 only.

Using HTML+TIME to get IE5.5 and IE6 to have a background color change on hover.

Using just CSS to produce a multi-level menu with a click action instead of the normal hover.

Continuing with the 'click' series to demonstrate a dropline menu with a click action instead of the normal hover.

The next in the 'click' series to demonstrate a flyout menu with a click action instead of the normal hover.

The next in the 'click' series to demonstrate a vertical slide menu with a click action instead of the normal hover.

Using CSS to produce an animated stack of images.

Another menu in the 'click' series to demonstrate a vertical concertina menu with a click action instead of the normal hover and working in IE6.

A droplist menu with slidedown action and pushdown of the content beneath.

A dropdown menu with click to open/close, suitable for the iPad etc..

A CSS3 vertical concertina menu with click to open/close and slide action. Suitable for the iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch.

A single level dropdown menu with clck action incorporating the latest bug fixes for IE and the iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch.

Using CSS3 to produce a set of thumbnail images that enlarge on hover.

Using CSS3 to produce a set of thumbnail images that enlarge on click. Using :target with the general sibling selector and the 'no jump' technique.

A :target gallery with no browser window jump and no cycling through the images when using the browser 'back' button.

Using :target to create a permanent changing horizontal accordian menu with click action.

Using :target to create a permanent changing horizontal multi-media accordian menu with click action.

Using CSS3 3D transforms to produce a Jck-in-the-Box with music.

Using CSS to produce an animated stack of images, version 2.

Using just CSS to produce a multi-level menu with a click action instead of the normal hover suitable for the iPad.

A second version of the marquee demo using CSS3 and keyframes to produce an interactive marquee for any length of text.

CSS only game of 'Whack-a-Rat' with on screen scoring and timer.