ADB has a vacancy for the position of Director General in the Private Sector Operations Department. The deadline for submitting applications is on 15 May 2020.

MOST150 Technology to Control the Infotainment System on Volvo Cars’ Second-Generation XC60 SUV

The intuitive habit of drawing macroeconomic conclusions (about India) from the corporate feedback (and vice versa) is fraught with risk. After all, only half of India’s GDP and 10% of India’s employment are in the formal sector. Further, only a fraction of the formal sector is listed.” This is not any Swadeshi ideologue speaking. This is what the Asia Pacific/India Equity Research paper of Credit Suisse titled “India’s better half: The Informal Economy” says about the most unique aspect of Indian economy. The paper points out that corporate sector accounts for only one-fourth of the national capital formed – the share of listed corporates in it is even less, just […]

AN3467 - Crystals and Oscillators for Next Generation Timing Solutions

CES 2016, Las Vegas – Today, HARMAN International Industries, Incorporated (NYSE:HAR), the premier connected technologies company for automotive, consumer and enterprise markets, announced the next generation of the Infinity® Kappa Series Subwoofers. The...

CES 2017, Las Vegas – January 4, 2017 - Today, HARMAN International Industries, Incorporated (NYSE:HAR), the premier connected technologies company for automotive, consumer and enterprise markets, announced the Infinity BassLink DC compact powered ...

A statistical technique called multi-level regression and post-stratification (MRP) correctly predicted the last UK election when other polls failed. This is how it works

LOS ANGELES, CA – HARMAN (NYSE: HAR), the premier global audio and infotainment group, is making its mark at this year’s Los Angeles Auto Show with several leading automakers debuting vehicles that feature HARMAN branded audio systems. With brands like Harman Kardon, JBL, Infinity, Mark Levinson and Lexicon, HARMAN technology and solutions can be found on automaker stands throughout the show -- a reflection of the company’s strong, longstanding automotive OEM partnerships and industry-leading audio innovation.

Genetically modified diamondback moths designed to replace pesticides by wiping out female moths have been released in New York state

Modifying bacteria found in the guts of bees could help protect the insects against lethal infections affecting hives worldwide

Genetic analysis suggests that the Himalayan and Chinese red pandas are two different species that diverged about 200,000 years ago

Finding out how flight evolved or animals moved onto land is all about a collision of palaeontology and genetics, argue two new books

Brexit may seem important right now, but whoever wins the election will be in charge halfway to 2030 – a crucial time in efforts to limit dangerous warming, says Jacob Aron

Gene-edited pigs and brain implants are blurring the lines of what it means to be human, so our morals and laws may need to change to include beings that are “substantially human”

Shanghai Auto Show 2019 – SHANGHAI – April 16, 2019 – HARMAN , a wholly-owned subsidiary of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., focused on connected technologies for automotive, consumer and enterprise markets, today announced a continued partnership with the...

STAMFORD, Conn. –  SEPTEMBER 26, 2019 – HARMAN International, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., focused on connected technologies for automotive, consumer and enterprise markets, today announced a new automotive partnership with...

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Friday approved a drug to treat lung and thyroid cancers driven by a specific genetic mutation that Eli Lilly and Co acquired with its 2019 purchase of Loxo Oncology.

An inflatable luminous maze called the 'Luminarium Arboria' proves to be a relaxing summer activity in Geneva. Rough Cut (no reporter narration).

A cheap, lightweight smartphone-heated device can test for DNA in blood, urine and other samples in a fraction of the time it takes to test in a lab

Half a million people taking part in the UK Biobank, which gathers genetic information for researchers to study, won't be told if they turn out to be genetically vulnerable to the coronavirus

Coffee has been linked to changes on our DNA that affect how active certain genes are. The finding may help explain some of coffee's touted health benefits

Title: Genetic Changes May Dictate Course of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Category: Health News
Created: 5/1/2008 2:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/1/2008 12:00:00 AM

Title: Gene Variants Hold New Clues to Autism
Category: Health News
Created: 4/29/2009 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/29/2009 12:00:00 AM

Title: Smoking May Be in Your Genes
Category: Health News
Created: 4/25/2010 2:10:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 4/26/2010 12:00:00 AM

Title: Hate Meat? It May Be in Your Genes
Category: Health News
Created: 5/3/2012 11:01:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/3/2012 12:00:00 AM

Title: Study: Gene Therapy for HIV Safe, But Effectiveness Still Unclear
Category: Health News
Created: 5/2/2012 4:05:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 5/3/2012 12:00:00 AM

Title: 'Blond Genes' May Vary Around the World
Category: Health News
Created: 5/3/2012 4:05:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 5/4/2012 12:00:00 AM

Title: General Anesthesia Not Linked to Raised Risk for Dementia
Category: Health News
Created: 5/1/2013 12:35:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 5/2/2013 12:00:00 AM

Title: Stem Cells Used to Regenerate Heart Muscle in Monkeys
Category: Health News
Created: 4/30/2014 2:36:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 5/1/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Gene Discoveries Could Help Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Category: Health News
Created: 4/28/2015 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/29/2015 12:00:00 AM

Title: First Generic Abilify Approved
Category: Health News
Created: 4/29/2015 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2015 12:00:00 AM

Title: The 7 Deadliest Emergency General Surgeries
Category: Health News
Created: 4/27/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/28/2016 12:00:00 AM

Title: 'Freckle' Gene Might Make You Look Older
Category: Health News
Created: 4/28/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/29/2016 12:00:00 AM

Title: Two Genes May Raise Odds for Fraternal Twin Pregnancies
Category: Health News
Created: 4/28/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/29/2016 12:00:00 AM

Title: Brineura Approved for Rare Genetic Illness Affecting Kids
Category: Health News
Created: 4/28/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/1/2017 12:00:00 AM

Title: Gene Mutation May Speed Alzheimer's Decline
Category: Health News
Created: 5/3/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/4/2017 12:00:00 AM

Title: Scientists Pinpoint Dozens of Genes That Increase Risk of Depression
Category: Health News
Created: 4/27/2018 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2018 12:00:00 AM

Title: One Million Volunteers Sought for NIH Genetics and Health Study
Category: Health News
Created: 5/2/2018 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/2/2018 12:00:00 AM

Title: Gene Therapy May Help Fight Tough-to-Treat Blood Cancer
Category: Health News
Created: 5/1/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/2/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: Male-Hormone Gene May Help Cause Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Category: Health News
Created: 5/1/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/2/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: With Macular Degeneration, 1 Missed Visit to Eye Doc Can Mean Vision Loss
Category: Health News
Created: 2/7/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 2/10/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: For Kids With Genetic Condition, Statins May Be Lifesavers
Category: Health News
Created: 10/16/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/17/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: Certain Gene Might Help Shield At-Risk People From Alzheimer's
Category: Health News
Created: 4/13/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/14/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Herpes Virus Yields Up Genetic Secrets
Category: Health News
Created: 4/29/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Don't Use Pricey New HIV PrEP Drug When Generics Available: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 3/9/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/10/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: How Dangerous Is General Anesthesia?
Category: Procedures and Tests
Created: 3/5/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/7/2020 12:00:00 AM

Lipid rafts are small, dynamic membrane areas characterized by the clustering of selected membrane lipids as the result of the spontaneous separation of glycolipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol in a liquid-ordered phase. The exact dynamics underlying phase separation of membrane lipids in the complex biological membranes are still not fully understood. Nevertheless, alterations in the membrane lipid composition affect the lateral organization of molecules belonging to lipid rafts. Neural lipid rafts are found in brain cells, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, and are characterized by a high enrichment of specific lipids depending on the cell type. These lipid rafts seem to organize and determine the function of multiprotein complexes involved in several aspects of signal transduction, thus regulating the homeostasis of the brain. The progressive decline of brain performance along with physiological aging is at least in part associated with alterations in the composition and structure of neural lipid rafts. In addition, neurodegenerative conditions, such as lysosomal storage disorders, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and Alzheimer’s diseases, are frequently characterized by dysregulated lipid metabolism, which in turn affects the structure of lipid rafts. Several events underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases appear to depend on the altered composition of lipid rafts. Thus, the structure and function of lipid rafts play a central role in the pathogenesis of many common neurodegenerative diseases.

ABSTRACT

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) establishes lifelong infections in humans, a process that relies on its ability to thwart innate and adaptive immune defenses of the host. Recently, we reported that HIV-1 infection results in a dramatic reduction of the cellular peroxisome pool. Peroxisomes are metabolic organelles that also function as signaling platforms in the innate immune response. Here, we show that the HIV-1 accessory protein Vpu is necessary and sufficient for the depletion of cellular peroxisomes during infection. Vpu induces the expression of four microRNAs that target mRNAs encoding proteins required for peroxisome formation and metabolic function. The ability of Vpu to downregulate peroxisomes was found to be dependent upon the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Given the importance of peroxisomes in innate immune signaling and central nervous system function, the roles of Vpu in dampening antiviral signaling appear to be more diverse than previously realized. Finally, our findings highlight a potential role for Wnt/β-catenin signaling in peroxisome homeostasis through modulating the production of biogenesis factors.

IMPORTANCE People living with HIV can experience accelerated aging and the development of neurological disorders. Recently, we reported that HIV-1 infection results in a dramatic loss of peroxisomes in macrophages and brain tissue. This is significant because (i) peroxisomes are important for the innate immune response and (ii) loss of peroxisome function is associated with cellular aging and neurodegeneration. Accordingly, understanding how HIV-1 infection causes peroxisome depletion may provide clues regarding how the virus establishes persistent infections and, potentially, the development of neurological disorders. Here, we show that the accessory protein Vpu is necessary and sufficient for the induction of microRNAs that target peroxisome biogenesis factors. The ability of Vpu to downregulate peroxisome formation depends on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Thus, in addition to revealing a novel mechanism by which HIV-1 uses intracellular signaling pathways to target antiviral signaling platforms (peroxisomes), we have uncovered a previously unknown link between the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and peroxisome homeostasis.

ABSTRACT

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) promotes the spread of genes within bacterial communities. Among the HGT mechanisms, natural transformation stands out as being encoded by the bacterial core genome. Natural transformation is often viewed as a way to acquire new genes and to generate genetic mixing within bacterial populations. Another recently proposed function is the curing of bacterial genomes of their infectious parasitic mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Here, we propose that these seemingly opposing theoretical points of view can be unified. Although costly for bacterial cells, MGEs can carry functions that are at points in time beneficial to bacteria under stressful conditions (e.g., antibiotic resistance genes). Using computational modeling, we show that, in stochastic environments, an intermediate transformation rate maximizes bacterial fitness by allowing the reversible integration of MGEs carrying resistance genes, although these MGEs are costly for host cell replication. Based on this dual function (MGE acquisition and removal), transformation would be a key mechanism for stabilizing the bacterial genome in the long term, and this would explain its striking conservation.

IMPORTANCE Natural transformation is the acquisition, controlled by bacteria, of extracellular DNA and is one of the most common mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer, promoting the spread of resistance genes. However, its evolutionary function remains elusive, and two main roles have been proposed: (i) the new gene acquisition and genetic mixing within bacterial populations and (ii) the removal of infectious parasitic mobile genetic elements (MGEs). While the first one promotes genetic diversification, the other one promotes the removal of foreign DNA and thus genome stability, making these two functions apparently antagonistic. Using a computational model, we show that intermediate transformation rates, commonly observed in bacteria, allow the acquisition then removal of MGEs. The transient acquisition of costly MGEs with resistance genes maximizes bacterial fitness in environments with stochastic stress exposure. Thus, transformation would ensure both a strong dynamic of the bacterial genome in the short term and its long-term stabilization.