This study focuses on the challenges that arise in providing and obtaining mutual legal assistance (MLA) in foreign bribery cases. Because these cases take place across borders, effective MLA between countries is crucial for the successful investigation, prosecution and sanctioning of this crime.

This G20 report looks at the evolution of private institutional investment in infrastructure and examines how the market has developed; analyses various investment vehicles with a snapshot of the growth experienced in the market; categorises methods used for investing in infrastructure; and, highlights the challenges and barriers to investment.

If we are to meet the goal of keeping global warming to 2 degrees, governments need to engage now to get on the right track to achieve zero‑net greenhouse emissions from combustion of fossil fuels in the second half of this century. Given the urgency of doing so, why does our dependence on fossil fuels appear to be unshaken?

Public financial institutions (PFIs) are well-positioned to act as a key leverage point for governments’ efforts to mobilise private investment in low-carbon projects and infrastructure. This study identifies the tools, instruments and approaches used by five PFIs to directly support and scale-up domestic private sector investment in sustainable transport, energy-efficiency and renewable energy in OECD countries.

The paper summarises views expressed by practitioners at a workshop in Beijing on 13-14 April 2016 with respect to contemporary challenges in international co-operation in corruption cases and possible solutions to mitigate these challenges. It has a practical orientation and is intended to contribute to ongoing dialogue at national and multilateral levels on enhancing international co-operation.

Portugal recorded 27406 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Portugal reported 1114 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Portugal Coronavirus Cases.

Angola recorded 43 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Angola reported 2 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Angola Coronavirus Cases.

Ukraine recorded 14710 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Ukraine reported 361 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Ukraine Coronavirus Cases.

Luxembourg recorded 3871 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Luxembourg reported 100 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Luxembourg Coronavirus Cases.

South Africa recorded 8895 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, South Africa reported 178 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Coronavirus Cases.

Myanmar recorded 177 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Myanmar reported 6 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Myanmar Coronavirus Cases.

Andorra recorded 752 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Andorra reported 47 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Andorra Coronavirus Cases.

Uruguay recorded 694 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Uruguay reported 18 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Uruguay Coronavirus Cases.

Morocco recorded 5873 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Morocco reported 185 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Morocco Coronavirus Cases.

This report advances a “green investment policy framework” taking infrastructure investment as a starting point and looking only at climate change mitigation and adaptation. It highlights the significant opportunities and many challenges that exist today in both developed and developing countries to transition to low-carbon, climate-resilient (LCR) development through investment in both renovated and in new infrastructure.

This G20 report looks at the evolution of private institutional investment in infrastructure and examines how the market has developed; analyses various investment vehicles with a snapshot of the growth experienced in the market; categorises methods used for investing in infrastructure; and, highlights the challenges and barriers to investment.

Nepal recorded 109 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Nepal did not report any Coronavirus Deaths so far. This page includes a chart with historical data for Nepal Coronavirus Cases.

Rwanda recorded 273 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Rwanda did not report any Coronavirus Deaths so far. This page includes a chart with historical data for Rwanda Coronavirus Cases.

Brunei recorded 141 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Brunei reported 1 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Brunei Coronavirus Cases.

Isle of Man recorded 329 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Isle of Man reported 23 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Isle of Man Coronavirus Cases.

Turkey recorded 135569 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Turkey reported 3689 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Coronavirus Cases.

Greece recorded 2691 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Greece reported 150 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Greece Coronavirus Cases.

Cyprus recorded 891 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Cyprus reported 15 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Cyprus Coronavirus Cases.

Finland’s population is set to age rapidly in the coming decades. This will put pressure on public finances, while shrinking labour resources. Nonetheless, solutions exist to alleviate those pressures. Adjusting the pension age in line with the rise in life expectancy would reduce pension costs and increase older workers’ employment, provided it is accompanied by the removal of the pathways to early retirement.

In the past two decades, the income level in Lithuania has steadily risen toward that of OECD countries. Between 1995 and 2013, GDP per capita rose from one third to two thirds of the OECD average. Productivity catch-up was critical to this process, aided by enhanced integration into the global economy which enabled the adoption of more advanced production technologies from abroad.

Malaysia’s success in alleviating poverty has been achieved despite the absence of an integrated and comprehensive social protection system.

Digitalisation is one of the megatrends affecting societies and labour markets, alongside demographic change and globalisation.

In 2016 the Polish government introduced a large new child benefit, called “Family 500+”, with the aim to increase fertility from a low level and reduce child poverty. The benefit is universal for the second and every further child and means-tested for the first child. It more than doubles fiscal support for families, making Poland one of the top spenders in the EU concerning cash transfers for families.

This paper compares Finland’s benefit system with two benefit reform scenarios: a uniform benefit for all ("basic income") and a universal tapering rule ("universal credit").

This working paper offers an evaluation of the performance of the ports of the Seine Axis (Le Havre,Rouen, Caen and Paris).

This paper develops a simple model-based framework for stress testing fiscal consolidation strategies under different scenarios of future shocks

This working paper offers an evaluation of the performance of the inland ports of the Slovak Republic within the framework of the Danube Axis, an analysis of the impact of the ports on their territory and an assessment of policies in this field. It examines port performance over the last decades and identifies the principal factors that have contributed to it.

This working paper offers an evaluation of the performance of ports of Antofagasta, an analysis of the impact of the ports on their territory and an assessment of policies in this field. It examines port performance over the last decades and identifies the principal factors that have contributed to it.

This chapter begins with a brief socio-economic and institutional overview of the Marseille metropolitan region. It then explores the current status of inter-municipal collaboration, in particular with respect to public transport and spatial planning. Lastly, it discusses the metropolitan governance reforms of 2013.

This chapter discusses existing metropolitan governance arrangements in Athens-Attica, with a closer look at the governance of two strategic sectors: transport and spatial planning. It concludes with possible considerations for strengthening future policy co-ordination in the metropolitan area.

This chapter aims to assess the degree of fragmentation in the metropolitan governance in Chicago (Illinois), United States and its impact on transport and land-use planning, and to identify possible avenues for reform.

This chapter begins with a brief socio-economic and institutional overview of the Daejeon metropolitan region. It then explores the current status of inter-municipal collaboration in two major sectors for urban development: transport and land use. Finally, it reviews existing metropolitan collaboration tools.

This chapter studies the governance of the Frankfurt metropolitan area. It focuses on public transport and spatial planning issues. It provides an overview of the economic conditions in the metropolitan area and analyses the role of the regional association of municipalities (Regionalverband FrankfurtRheinMain) and the state of Hesse for metropolitan governance.

This chapter begins with a brief socio-economic and institutional overview of the Puebla-Tlaxcala metropolitan region. It then explores the current status of inter-municipal collaboration in two major sectors for urban development: transport and land use. Finally, it reviews existing metropolitan collaboration tools.

Algeria recorded 5369 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Algeria reported 488 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Algeria Coronavirus Cases.

Brazil recorded 146894 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Brazil reported 10017 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Brazil Coronavirus Cases.

Bulgaria recorded 1911 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Bulgaria reported 88 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Bulgaria Coronavirus Cases.

Germany recorded 170114 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Germany reported 7445 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Germany Coronavirus Cases.

Ireland recorded 22541 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Ireland reported 1429 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Ireland Coronavirus Cases.

Poland recorded 15510 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Poland reported 756 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Poland Coronavirus Cases.

Gabon recorded 620 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Gabon reported 8 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Gabon Coronavirus Cases.

Maldives recorded 766 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Maldives reported 3 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Maldives Coronavirus Cases.

Afghanistan recorded 4033 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Afghanistan reported 109 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Afghanistan Coronavirus Cases.

Romania recorded 15131 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Romania reported 898 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Romania Coronavirus Cases.

Croatia recorded 2176 Coronavirus Cases since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Croatia reported 86 Coronavirus Deaths. This page includes a chart with historical data for Croatia Coronavirus Cases.