spa Sir Stirling Moss: F1 legend remembers his crashes at Spa and Goodwood By www.bbc.co.uk Published On :: Sun, 12 Apr 2020 11:40:58 GMT Sir Stirling Moss recalls the two serious Formula One crashes that nearly cost him his life. Full Article
spa 'Do not despair, do not yield' By www.bbc.co.uk Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 23:29:26 GMT Allan Little examines how events on VE Day were reported by the BBC, and how Britain changed. Full Article
spa La Liga's plan to restart football safely in Spain after coronavirus By www.bbc.co.uk Published On :: Fri, 08 May 2020 14:50:45 GMT BBC Sport looks at the path La Liga is following to allow top-flight football to resume safely in Spain. Full Article
spa Spain - Timeline By news.bbc.co.uk Published On :: Mon, 30 Apr 2012 10:30:24 GMT A chronology of key events Full Article Country profiles
spa Spain - Country profile By news.bbc.co.uk Published On :: Fri, 10 Feb 2012 11:14:02 GMT Key facts, figures and dates Full Article Country profiles
spa Nasa space lasers track melting of Earth's ice sheets By www.bbc.co.uk Published On :: Thu, 30 Apr 2020 18:10:02 GMT US space agency satellites follow the melting trends in Antarctica and Greenland over 16 years. Full Article
spa Tom Cruise: Filming in space and four of his other memorable stunts By www.bbc.co.uk Published On :: Wed, 06 May 2020 12:24:12 GMT The actor is well known for his daring stunts, but this takes things to another level. Full Article
spa Space tourism, Europe's final frontier? By news.bbc.co.uk Published On :: Tue, 14 Feb 2012 00:10:29 GMT Is Sir Richard Branson's space tourism venture, Virgin Galactic, looking for a European base? Full Article Click
spa ‘7th Sector’: An inspired sci-fi game from the point of view of a spark By www.washingtonpost.com Published On :: Thu, 13 Feb 2020 17:17:01 +0000 Full Article
spa 5 tips to spark your creativity while working alone, from artists who do it all the time By www.washingtonpost.com Published On :: Mon, 06 Apr 2020 10:00:48 +0000 The "Diary of a Wimpy Kid" author, a "Peanuts" studio creator and others explain the ways they're staying creative during a pandemic. Full Article
spa Newspaper comics hardly ever feature black women as artists. But two new voices have arrived. By www.washingtonpost.com Published On :: Mon, 20 Apr 2020 10:00:00 +0000 Steenz and Bianca Xunise have entered a field that has long overlooked the voices of African American women. Full Article
spa Fin24.com | WATCH: Amazon to hire 100 000 workers as virus sparks order surge By www.fin24.com Published On :: Wed, 18 Mar 2020 14:50:50 +0200 Amazon said it would hire 100 000 warehouse and delivery workers in the United States to deal with a surge in online orders, as many consumers have turned to the web to meet their needs during the coronavirus outbreak. Full Article
spa velocityconf: RT @allspaw: Operations and System Safety - always a student http://t.co/1VYBEZYrK8 #devops #velocityconf By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Thu, 30 May 2013 18:43:30 +0000 velocityconf: RT @allspaw: Operations and System Safety - always a student http://t.co/1VYBEZYrK8 #devops #velocityconf Full Article
spa News24.com | Man arrested for spate of lockdown robberies in Tshwane, 'accomplices' killed in shootout with cops By www.news24.com Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 11:25:51 +0200 An alleged robber, who was wounded while his two suspected accomplices were killed in a shootout with police, has been arrested. Full Article
spa AT#58 - Travel to Madrid, Spain By traffic.libsyn.com Published On :: Sat, 16 Sep 2006 23:00:00 +0000 Madrid, Spain Full Article
spa AT#95 - Travel to Andalusia, Southern Spain By traffic.libsyn.com Published On :: Sun, 17 Jun 2007 18:30:00 +0000 Andalusia, Southern Spain Full Article
spa AT#122 - Travel to Barcelona, Spain By traffic.libsyn.com Published On :: Sat, 26 Jan 2008 19:25:00 +0000 Barcelona, Spain Full Article
spa AT#137 - Travel to Valencia, Spain By traffic.libsyn.com Published On :: Sat, 17 May 2008 14:00:00 +0000 Valencia, Spain Full Article
spa AT#260 - Biking Spain's Camino di Santiago By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 25 Dec 2010 15:00:00 +0000 The Amateur Traveler talks to Ben Dixon about biking the route of the Camino di Santiago in northern Spain. The Camino di Santiago is a an ancient pilgrim trail that runs across northern Spain from the border with France to Santiago di Compostella. The cathedral in Santiago di Compostella reputedly holds the remains of St. James. Modern day pilgrims are sometimes drawn by faith and sometimes just drawn by the journey itself to trek for a month across the varied landscapes of northern Spain. As an American, Ben did not have a month of vacation but rather than be one of those pilgrims who only traverses the very end of the trail he chose to take on the pilgrim route on a bicycle. Along the way he stayed in the hostels that house the many pilgrims where he met people who had been walking from far beyond the border with France. Through countryside, cities and picturesque towns he rode in both sunshine and driving rain, but the highlight of the trip might not be what you think. Full Article
spa AT#269 - Pamplona Spain - The Running of the Bulls and the San Fermin Fiesta By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 26 Feb 2011 15:00:00 +0000 The Amateur Traveler talks to Vicente Perez about his home city of Pamplona, Spain. Pamplona is best known for the festival of San Fermin and of course for the running of the bulls. Vicente tells us more about that colorful festival, of which, the running of the bulls is actually a very small part. From the Txupinazo, the ceremonial firing of a rocket on July 6th until July 14th the population of Pamplona swells with celebrants. Processions of giant figures (the Comparsa), music, bull fights and lots and lots of partying fill the days and nights. But Vicente also tells of some of the other features of Pamplona and the Navarre region that can be enjoyed any time of year including wonderful food, beautiful mountains, castles, and the nearby cave of Zugarramurdi (Known for the Basque witch trials). Full Article
spa AT#294 - Travel to Spain's Canary Islands By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 27 Aug 2011 22:16:00 +0000 The Amateur Traveler talks to Gary Arndt of Everything-Everywhere.com about his recent trip to the Canary Islands. The Canary Islands are tropical volcanic islands that are part of Spain but are located off the coast of Northwestern Africa.They are not named after birds. The first thing that struck me when I got off the plane was how much the weather was like Hawaii and I have heard a lot of people call it Europe's Hawaii. It is a part of Spain. There are two provinces that constitute the Canary Islands. One with its capital on Grand Canaria Island and the other on the island of Tenerife. Columbus's last stop over was in the Canary Islands. Each of the islands, and there are 7 main islands, have a very different character. Full Article
spa AT#337 - Travel to Segovia and Toledo Spain By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 11 Aug 2012 12:30:00 +0000 The Amateur Traveler talks to Photographer Ralph Velasco about two of his favorite cities in Spain, Toledo and Segovia. Both Toledo and Segovia are a short distance from Madrid and both offer interesting and historically significant cities with UNESCO World Heritage sites. Full Article
spa AT#339 - Travel to Costa Brava, Spain By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 01 Sep 2012 16:41:00 +0000 The Amateur Traveler talks to Sherry Ott about Costa Brava Spain. Costa Brava is in Catalonia north of Barcelona on the rugged coastline of Spain. It also extends as far inland as the Pyrenees and includes farming country and medieval towns. Full Article
spa AT#368 - Travel to Extremadura, Spain By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 20 Apr 2013 18:11:53 +0000 Hear about travel to Extremadura in Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to Sam from indefiniteadventure.com about living and working there. Extremadura is a lesser known region in southwest Spain on the border with Portugal and adjacent to Andalusia, Madrid and Castilla. Sam lived in the city of Medira for 3 months teaching English. Full Article
spa AT#389 - Travel to Andalucia, Spain By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sun, 06 Oct 2013 09:02:50 +0000 Hear about travel to the Andalucia region of Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to Crawford Hill from Chill Expeditions about his adopted home in Southern Spain. Crawford traveled in that area and then fell in love and bought a second home here. Full Article
spa AT#451 - Travel to Seville, Spain By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 10 Jan 2015 16:30:00 +0000 Hear about travel to Seville, Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to Cat Gaa from sunshineandsiestas.com about life in her adopted city. Hear about what to see, do and eat in Seville. Full Article
spa AT#482 - Hiking the Camino de Santiago in Spain By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 05 Sep 2015 15:14:47 +0000 Hear about hiking the Camino de Santiago (the Way of St. James) in northern Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to Linda Martin from The Indie Travel Podcast. Linda says, "the thing about the Camino is that it is as long as you wanted to be." Full Article
spa AT#501 - Travel to Barcelona, Spain By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 06 Feb 2016 15:00:00 +0000 Hear about travel to Barcelona, Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to Lauren Aloise from devourspain.com about traveling to this capital of the region of Catalan. Full Article
spa AT#565 - Travel to Madrid, Spain By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 01 Jul 2017 14:00:00 +0000 Hear about travel to Madrid, Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to James Blick from DevourTours.com and Yolanda Martin from TheFlamencoGuide.com about their city. Full Article
spa AT#568 - Hiking the Camino Ronda in Northern Spain By europe.amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 22 Jul 2017 14:00:00 +0000 Hear about hiking the Camino Ronda in Northern Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to Sherry Ott about her trek along the coastline of the Costa Brava region. Full Article
spa AT#611 - Basque Spain By amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 16 Jun 2018 14:00:00 +0000 Hear about travel to the Basque Region of Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to David Bumstead about his adopted country and region. Full Article
spa AT#619 - Travel to Valencia, Spain By amateurtraveler.com Published On :: Sat, 11 Aug 2018 14:00:00 +0000 Hear about travel to Valencia, Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to Jason Jenkins from AnEpicEducation.com about the 2 years his family lived in Spain's 3rd largest city. Full Article
spa Legendary East Village corner store, Gem Spa, closes its doors By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Fri, 08 May 2020 10:14:17 PDT The Gothamist is reporting the sad news that Gem Spa, the iconic NY corner store that has been a fixture at St. Marks Place and Second Avenue for around 100 years is being forced to shutter its doors and windows for the last time. The Spa has been struggling to keep up with increasing rent prices and COVID-19 has apparently proven to be the final nail in its coffin. "It’s where Robert Mapplethorpe bought Patti Smith an egg cream on the day they met. It’s on the back cover of the New York Dolls’ 1973 debut (and where, according to lore, Johnny Thunders and others went for post-heroin sugar fixes between sets at CBGB). Before that, it was where Abbie Hoffman gathered Yippies to rain money on the New York Stock Exchange. It’s where Allen Ginsberg, Ted Berrigan, and other neighborhood poets went to pick up the Sunday New York Times on Saturday nights (and which was inevitably commemorated in their poems)." Read the rest. Image: Alex Lozupone, CC BY-SA 4.0 Read the rest Full Article Post loss new york city sad endings
spa Sport24.co.za | Cycling's Vuelta a Espana cuts Portugal from itinerary By www.sport24.co.za Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 14:45:58 +0200 The Vuelta a Espana organisers have confirmed that a race already rescheduled and shortened would also now cut its foray into neighbouring Portugal from the 2020 itinerary. Full Article
spa Watch Other Space Full Episodes Online | Season 1 Video Streaming & Torrent Search By www.webtvwire.com Published On :: Tue, 28 Apr 2015 04:22:04 +0000 Other Space Synopsis Other Space is a Science Fiction comedy television series produced by Yahoo that premiered in April of 2015. Created by Paul Feig (Freaks and Geeks) Other Space is set in the early 22nd century and follows the story of the inexperienced crew aboard UMP Cruiser on a routine space exploratory mission. In […] Full Article TV Shows
spa Bradford boy with sweet intentions sparks missing person search By barrie.ctvnews.ca Published On :: Thu, 7 May 2020 11:51:29 -0400 An eight-year-old boy with good intentions sparked a missing person search on Tuesday. Full Article
spa Photos Of Kim Jong Un Spark Conspiracy Theories About A Body Double…You Be The Judge By 100percentfedup.com Published On :: Wed, 06 May 2020 00:52:56 +0000 The following article, Photos Of Kim Jong Un Spark Conspiracy Theories About A Body Double…You Be The Judge, was first published on 100PercentFedUp.com. For several weeks rumors of the North Korean dictator’s sickness and ultimately, his death, have been making their rounds in the media. North Korea’s state-run media released photos of Kim Jong Un that were allegedly taken on May 1, at the opening of a fertilizer factory in Sunchon, N. Korea. Twitter users who’ve studied the images are […] Continue reading: Photos Of Kim Jong Un Spark Conspiracy Theories About A Body Double…You Be The Judge ... Full Article Featured Politics
spa Empty restaurant space could be turned into women's support centre By winnipeg.ctvnews.ca Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 09:25:54 -0600 The empty space next to Winnipeg City Hall that once housed restaurants could be turned into a place to help exploited women. Full Article
spa Cross-regulation between LUBAC and caspase-1 modulates cell death and inflammation [Signal Transduction] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-17T00:06:05-07:00 The linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC) is an essential component of the innate and adaptive immune system. Modification of cellular substrates with linear polyubiquitin chains is a key regulatory step in signal transduction that impacts cell death and inflammatory signaling downstream of various innate immunity receptors. Loss-of-function mutations in the LUBAC components HOIP and HOIL-1 yield a systemic autoinflammatory disease in humans, whereas their genetic ablation is embryonically lethal in mice. Deficiency of the LUBAC adaptor protein Sharpin results in a multi-organ inflammatory disease in mice characterized by chronic proliferative dermatitis (cpdm), which is propagated by TNFR1-induced and RIPK1-mediated keratinocyte cell death. We have previously shown that caspase-1 and -11 promoted the dermatitis pathology of cpdm mice and mediated cell death in the skin. Here, we describe a reciprocal regulation of caspase-1 and LUBAC activities in keratinocytes. We show that LUBAC interacted with caspase-1 via HOIP and modified its CARD domain with linear polyubiquitin and that depletion of HOIP or Sharpin resulted in heightened caspase-1 activation and cell death in response to inflammasome activation, unlike what is observed in macrophages. Reciprocally, caspase-1, as well as caspase-8, regulated LUBAC activity by proteolytically processing HOIP at Asp-348 and Asp-387 during the execution of cell death. HOIP processing impeded substrate ubiquitination in the NF-κB pathway and resulted in enhanced apoptosis. These results highlight a regulatory mechanism underlying efficient apoptosis in keratinocytes and provide further evidence of a cross-talk between inflammatory and cell death pathways. Full Article
spa Quantification of the affinities of CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases for cognate protospacer adȷacent motif (PAM) sequences [Molecular Biophysics] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-05-08T03:41:14-07:00 The CRISPR/Cas9 nucleases have been widely applied for genome editing in various organisms. Cas9 nucleases complexed with a guide RNA (Cas9–gRNA) find their targets by scanning and interrogating the genomic DNA for sequences complementary to the gRNA. Recognition of the DNA target sequence requires a short protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) located outside this sequence. Given that the efficiency of target location may depend on the strength of interactions that promote target recognition, here we sought to compare affinities of different Cas9 nucleases for their cognate PAM sequences. To this end, we measured affinities of Cas9 nucleases from Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Francisella novicida complexed with guide RNAs (gRNAs) (SpCas9–gRNA, SaCas9–gRNA, and FnCas9–gRNA, respectively) and of three engineered SpCas9–gRNA variants with altered PAM specificities for short, PAM-containing DNA probes. We used a “beacon” assay that measures the relative affinities of DNA probes by determining their ability to competitively affect the rate of Cas9–gRNA binding to fluorescently labeled target DNA derivatives called “Cas9 beacons.” We observed significant differences in the affinities for cognate PAM sequences among the studied Cas9 enzymes. The relative affinities of SpCas9–gRNA and its engineered variants for canonical and suboptimal PAMs correlated with previous findings on the efficiency of these PAM sequences in genome editing. These findings suggest that high affinity of a Cas9 nuclease for its cognate PAM promotes higher genome-editing efficiency. Full Article
spa The politics of hope: privilege, despair and political theology By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Wed, 04 Mar 2020 13:18:01 +0000 4 March 2020 , Volume 96, Number 2 Caron E. Gentry Read Online Situated within feminist Christian Realism, this article looks at what political theology is and its relevance to International Relations. Hope is a central theme to political theology, underpinning the necessity to be witness to and to work against oppressive structures. Simply put, hope is the desire to make life better. For Christians, this hope stems from a belief in resurrection of Christ and the faith that such redemption is offered to all of humanity. Hope, however, is not limited to Christianity and, therefore, Christian theology. Thus, taking an intersectional approach, the article looks for similarities in how hope is articulated in three personal narratives: theologian Jürgen Moltmann, UK Muslim advocate Asim Qureshi, and Black Lives Matter co-founder Patrisse Khan-Cullors. Across all three personal narratives, the need for hope begins in a place of despair, signalling a need to recognize that hope and privilege are in tension with one another. Feminist Christian Realism acknowledges and embraces this tension, recognizing that hope cannot function if the pain, oppression and harm caused by privilege are erased or minimized. Full Article
spa Webinar: Can Responsible Behaviour in Cyberspace Be Achieved? By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Wed, 06 May 2020 18:40:01 +0000 Members Event Webinar 26 May 2020 - 5:00pm to 6:00pmAdd to CalendariCalendar Outlook Google Yahoo Online Carmen Gonsalves, Head, International Cyber Policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, NetherlandsSuzanne Spaulding, Senior Adviser for Homeland Security, Center for Strategic and International StudiesChair: Joyce Hakmeh, Senior Research Fellow, International Security Programme and Co-Editor, Journal of Cyber Policy, Chatham House Over the past couple of decades, cyberspace has evolved to become a truly global digital communication space. Managed by a multitude of state and non-state actors, it has enabled a huge range of positive innovations and developments. However, it has also become an arena of intense international competition and rivalry – a reflection of its increasing economic and political importance and broader geopolitical tensions. Despite a number of efforts and some progress in the United Nations and other forums, there are still disagreements on key issues between major powers on how to achieve responsible behaviour in cyberspace.In light of this, the panel will explore how state and non-state actors can work together to encourage responsible behaviour in cyberspace. What challenges do various actors face in implementing agreed upon norms and principles? Is the existing global model for reaching an agreement a non-starter? What are the remaining challenges around attribution, accountability and enforcement? And what is the role for civil society, the private sector and NGOs in this debate?This event is for Chatham House members only. Not a member? Find out more. Full Article
spa Power and diplomacy in the post-liberal cyberspace By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 09:31:03 +0000 7 May 2020 , Volume 96, Number 3 André Barrinha and Thomas Renard Read online It is becoming widely accepted that we have transitioned, or are now transitioning, from an international liberal order to a different reality. Whether that reality is different solely in terms of power dynamics, or also in terms of values and institutions, is up for discussion. The growing body of literature on ‘post-liberalism’ is used as an entry-point for this article, which aims to explore how the post-liberal transition applies to cyberspace. We explore how power dynamics are evolving in cyberspace, as well as how established norms, values and institutions are contested. The article then looks at the emergence of cyber diplomacy as a consequence and response to the post-liberal transition. As it will be argued, if cyberspace was a creation of the liberal order, cyber-diplomacy is a post-liberal world practice. What role it plays in shaping a new order or building bridges between different political visions, and what it means for the future of cyberspace, will constitute key points of discussion. Full Article
spa Webinar: Can Responsible Behaviour in Cyberspace Be Achieved? By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Wed, 06 May 2020 18:40:01 +0000 Members Event Webinar 26 May 2020 - 5:00pm to 6:00pmAdd to CalendariCalendar Outlook Google Yahoo Online Carmen Gonsalves, Head, International Cyber Policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, NetherlandsSuzanne Spaulding, Senior Adviser for Homeland Security, Center for Strategic and International StudiesChair: Joyce Hakmeh, Senior Research Fellow, International Security Programme and Co-Editor, Journal of Cyber Policy, Chatham House Over the past couple of decades, cyberspace has evolved to become a truly global digital communication space. Managed by a multitude of state and non-state actors, it has enabled a huge range of positive innovations and developments. However, it has also become an arena of intense international competition and rivalry – a reflection of its increasing economic and political importance and broader geopolitical tensions. Despite a number of efforts and some progress in the United Nations and other forums, there are still disagreements on key issues between major powers on how to achieve responsible behaviour in cyberspace.In light of this, the panel will explore how state and non-state actors can work together to encourage responsible behaviour in cyberspace. What challenges do various actors face in implementing agreed upon norms and principles? Is the existing global model for reaching an agreement a non-starter? What are the remaining challenges around attribution, accountability and enforcement? And what is the role for civil society, the private sector and NGOs in this debate?This event is for Chatham House members only. Not a member? Find out more. Full Article
spa Webinar: Can Responsible Behaviour in Cyberspace Be Achieved? By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Wed, 06 May 2020 18:40:01 +0000 Members Event Webinar 26 May 2020 - 5:00pm to 6:00pmAdd to CalendariCalendar Outlook Google Yahoo Online Carmen Gonsalves, Head, International Cyber Policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, NetherlandsSuzanne Spaulding, Senior Adviser for Homeland Security, Center for Strategic and International StudiesChair: Joyce Hakmeh, Senior Research Fellow, International Security Programme and Co-Editor, Journal of Cyber Policy, Chatham House Over the past couple of decades, cyberspace has evolved to become a truly global digital communication space. Managed by a multitude of state and non-state actors, it has enabled a huge range of positive innovations and developments. However, it has also become an arena of intense international competition and rivalry – a reflection of its increasing economic and political importance and broader geopolitical tensions. Despite a number of efforts and some progress in the United Nations and other forums, there are still disagreements on key issues between major powers on how to achieve responsible behaviour in cyberspace.In light of this, the panel will explore how state and non-state actors can work together to encourage responsible behaviour in cyberspace. What challenges do various actors face in implementing agreed upon norms and principles? Is the existing global model for reaching an agreement a non-starter? What are the remaining challenges around attribution, accountability and enforcement? And what is the role for civil society, the private sector and NGOs in this debate?This event is for Chatham House members only. Not a member? Find out more. Full Article
spa Power and diplomacy in the post-liberal cyberspace By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 09:31:03 +0000 7 May 2020 , Volume 96, Number 3 André Barrinha and Thomas Renard Read online It is becoming widely accepted that we have transitioned, or are now transitioning, from an international liberal order to a different reality. Whether that reality is different solely in terms of power dynamics, or also in terms of values and institutions, is up for discussion. The growing body of literature on ‘post-liberalism’ is used as an entry-point for this article, which aims to explore how the post-liberal transition applies to cyberspace. We explore how power dynamics are evolving in cyberspace, as well as how established norms, values and institutions are contested. The article then looks at the emergence of cyber diplomacy as a consequence and response to the post-liberal transition. As it will be argued, if cyberspace was a creation of the liberal order, cyber-diplomacy is a post-liberal world practice. What role it plays in shaping a new order or building bridges between different political visions, and what it means for the future of cyberspace, will constitute key points of discussion. Full Article
spa Undercurrents: Episode 9 - Digital Subversion in Cyberspace, and Oleg Sentsov's Hunger Strike By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Fri, 01 Jun 2018 00:00:00 +0100 Full Article
spa Is Responsible State Behaviour in Cyberspace Achievable? By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Wed, 05 Dec 2018 00:00:00 +0000 Full Article
spa Quantification of the affinities of CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases for cognate protospacer adȷacent motif (PAM) sequences [Molecular Biophysics] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-05-08T03:41:14-07:00 The CRISPR/Cas9 nucleases have been widely applied for genome editing in various organisms. Cas9 nucleases complexed with a guide RNA (Cas9–gRNA) find their targets by scanning and interrogating the genomic DNA for sequences complementary to the gRNA. Recognition of the DNA target sequence requires a short protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) located outside this sequence. Given that the efficiency of target location may depend on the strength of interactions that promote target recognition, here we sought to compare affinities of different Cas9 nucleases for their cognate PAM sequences. To this end, we measured affinities of Cas9 nucleases from Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Francisella novicida complexed with guide RNAs (gRNAs) (SpCas9–gRNA, SaCas9–gRNA, and FnCas9–gRNA, respectively) and of three engineered SpCas9–gRNA variants with altered PAM specificities for short, PAM-containing DNA probes. We used a “beacon” assay that measures the relative affinities of DNA probes by determining their ability to competitively affect the rate of Cas9–gRNA binding to fluorescently labeled target DNA derivatives called “Cas9 beacons.” We observed significant differences in the affinities for cognate PAM sequences among the studied Cas9 enzymes. The relative affinities of SpCas9–gRNA and its engineered variants for canonical and suboptimal PAMs correlated with previous findings on the efficiency of these PAM sequences in genome editing. These findings suggest that high affinity of a Cas9 nuclease for its cognate PAM promotes higher genome-editing efficiency. Full Article
spa Climate Change, Energy Transition, and the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Thu, 05 Dec 2019 15:45:01 +0000 Invitation Only Research Event 17 January 2020 - 9:30am to 5:00pm Chatham House | 10 St James's Square | London | SW1Y 4LE Climate change and energy transition are re-shaping the extractive sectors, and the opportunities and risks they present for governments, companies and civil society. As the central governance standard in the extractives sector, the EITI has a critical role in supporting transparency in producer countries.This workshop will bring together experts from the energy and extractives sectors, governance and transparency, and climate risk and financial disclosure initiatives to discuss the role of governance and transparency through the transition. It will consider the appropriate role for the EITI and potential entry points for policy and practice, and the potential for coordination with related transparency and disclosure initiatives. Please note attendance is by invitation only. Department/project Energy, Environment and Resources Programme Full Article