The tax wedge for the average single worker in Japan remained the same at 32.7 percentage points between 2018 and 2019. The OECD average tax wedge in 2019 was 36.0 (2018, 36.1). In 2019 Japan had the 26th lowest tax wedge among the 36 OECD member countries, occupying the same position in 2018.

The number of employed persons in Turkey decreased to 27266 Thousand in January of 2020 from 27658 Thousand in December of 2019. Employed Persons in Turkey averaged 23982.88 Thousand from 2005 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 29318 Thousand in August of 2018 and a record low of 18493 Thousand in February of 2006. In Turkey, employed persons are individuals with a minimum required age who work during a certain time for a business. This page provides the latest reported value for - Turkey Employed Persons - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

This one-pager note presents key findings for Austria from Society at a Glance 2011 - OECD Social indicators. This 2011 publication also provides a special chapter on unpaid work across the OECD.

Education at a Glance 2013 - Country notes and key fact tables

This note presents key findings for Austria from Society at a Glance 2014 - OECD Social indicators. This 2014 publication also provides a special chapter on: the crisis and its aftermath: a “stress test” for societies and for social policies.

Going for Growth 2015: Key findings for Austria

AAustria experienced a renewed downturn in its economy and labour market between mid-2011 and late-2014, with increasing rates of unemployment largely due to slack domestic demand. But there are recent signs of a slow recovery: overall and youth unemployment rates and the incidence of long-term unemployment all started to fall in the first quarter of 2015, if only marginally, and employment continued to increase.

The Austrian health system generally provides good access to care, but the quality of care might be improved in the area of cancer care and in reducing hospital admission rates for chronic conditions by strengthening primary care.

Das österreichische Gesundheitssystem gewährleistet einen niederschwelligen Zugang zur Gesundheitsversorgung, es gibt jedoch Verbesserungspotenzial bei der Qualität der Krebsversorgung sowie der Reduktion von Spitalsaufnahmen durch die Stärkung der medizinischen Primärversorgung.

This country note provides an environmental tax and carbon pricing profile for Austria. It shows environmentally related tax revenues, taxes on energy use and effective carbon rates.

This country note presents student performance in science, reading and mathematics, and measures equity in education in Austria. The interactive charts allow you to compare results with other countries participating in the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA).

Life expectancy in Austria is close to the OECD average, but Austrian’s smoke and drink more than people in other countries. While access to health care is good, quality of care indicators show more mixed results. Austria spends more on health than the OECD average.

This note presents marginal effective tax rates (METRs) that summarise the tax system’s impact on the incentives to make an additional investment in a particular type of savings. By comparing METRs on different types of household savings, we can gain insights into which assets or savings types receive the most favourable treatment from the tax system.

This country note for Austria provides detail on the proportion of CO2 emissions from energy use subject to different effective carbon rates (ECR), as well as on the level and components of average ECRs in each of the six economic sectors (road transport, off-road transport, industry, agriculture and fishing, residential & commercial, and electricity).

The digital revolution, globalisation and demographic changes are transforming labour markets at a time when policy makers are also struggling with slow productivity and wage growth and high levels of income inequality. The new OECD Jobs Strategy provides a comprehensive framework and policy recommendations to help countries address these challenges.

The Austrian standard VAT rate is 20.0%, which is above the OECD average. The average VAT/GST¹ standard rate in the OECD was 19.3% as of 1 January 2019. The previous standard VAT rate in Austria was 18% in 1983. It changed to the current level in 1984. Austria applies reduced VAT rates of 10% and 13% to a number of goods and services as well as one specific regional rates.

This country note explains how Austria taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

The tax-to-GDP ratio in Austria increased by 0.4 percentage points from 41.8% in 2017 to 42.2% in 2018. The corresponding figure for the OECD average was a slight increase of 0.1 percentage point from 34.2% to 34.3% over the same period.

The tax wedge for the average single worker in Austria increased by 0.3 percentage points from 47.6 in 2018 to 47.9 in 2019. The OECD average tax wedge in 2019 was 36.0 (2018, 36.1). In 2019 Austria had the 4th highest tax wedge among the 36 OECD member countries, occupying the same position in 2018.

Government Debt in Turkey increased to 1462018 TRY Million in March from 1409519 TRY Million in February of 2020. Government Debt in Turkey averaged 302607.10 TRY Million from 1986 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 1462018 TRY Million in March of 2020 and a record low of 15 TRY Million in January of 1986. In Turkey, Government Debt refers to the central government gross debt stock in local and foreign currencies. This page provides the latest reported value for - Turkey Government Debt - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The management of operational risk is at the heart of efficient government, but countries often fail to apply good or even routine operational risk management practices and have difficulty in understanding how to put the processes in place. This paper sets out a widely-applicable and relevant policy approach and management framework and illustrates its practical application in Turkey.

Further structural reforms are needed to help the business sector boost productivity growth and overcome the key challenges of sluggish investment in advanced economies and excess capacity in emerging economies, according to a new OECD report.

Promoting responsible business conduct in the financial sector is vital to building a sustainable global economy. This paper will help institutional investors implement the due diligence recommendations of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises in order to prevent or address adverse impacts related to human and labour rights, the environment, and corruption in their investment portfolios.

29 June 2018 - This keynote address focuses on the three main forces driving change in the financial sector: the growing importance of trust; the accelerating digitalisation of the economy; and the unprecedented interconnectedness of global markets. This keynote address was made by Greg Medcraft, OECD Director of Financial and Enterprise Affairs, at the Annual Conference of the Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance.

This paper studies the case of Turkey and suggests several tools to promote retirement planning. Section I provides a review of the traditional and behavioural policy instruments designed to promote retirement savings, along with a discussion on their effectiveness.

Education at a Glance 2013 - Country notes and key fact tables

This note presents key findings for Belgium from Society at a Glance 2014 - OECD Social indicators. This 2014 publication also provides a special chapter on: the crisis and its aftermath: a “stress test” for societies and for social policies.

Going for Growth 2015: Key findings for Belgium

This country note provides an environmental tax and carbon pricing profile for Belgium. It shows environmentally related tax revenues, taxes on energy use and effective carbon rates.

This country note presents student performance in science, reading and mathematics, and measures equity in education in Belgium. The interactive charts allow you to compare results with other countries participating in the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA).

Unemployment in Belgium fell back to its pre-crisis level sooner than in most other OECD countries, but then rose significantly again in 2012 and has only recently begun to decline again. At 6.8% in April, it was still above its pre-crisis level and 0.9 percentage points above the OECD average.

This note presents marginal effective tax rates (METRs) that summarise the tax system’s impact on the incentives to make an additional investment in a particular type of savings. By comparing METRs on different types of household savings, we can gain insights into which assets or savings types receive the most favourable treatment from the tax system.

This country note for Belgium provides detail on the proportion of CO2 emissions from energy use subject to different effective carbon rates (ECR), as well as on the level and components of average ECRs in each of the six economic sectors (road transport, off-road transport, industry, agriculture and fishing, residential & commercial, and electricity).

The digital revolution, globalisation and demographic changes are transforming labour markets at a time when policy makers are also struggling with slow productivity and wage growth and high levels of income inequality. The new OECD Jobs Strategy provides a comprehensive framework and policy recommendations to help countries address these challenges

The Belgian standard VAT rate is 21.0%, which is above the OECD average. The average VAT/GST¹ standard rate in the OECD was 19.3% as of 1 January 2019. The previous standard VAT rate in Belgium was 20.5% in 1995. It changed to the current level in 1996. Belgium applies reduced VAT rates of 0%, 6% and 12% to a number of goods and services.

This country note explains how Belgium taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

The tax-to-GDP ratio in Belgium increased by 0.3 percentage points from 44.5% in 2017 to 44.8% in 2018. The corresponding figure for the OECD average was a slight increase of 0.1 percentage point from 34.2% to 34.3% over the same period.

The tax wedge for the average single worker in Belgium decreased by 0.5 percentage points from 52.7 in 2018 to 52.2 in 2019. The OECD average tax wedge in 2019 was 36.0 (2018, 36.1). In 2019 Belgium had the highest tax wedge among the 36 OECD member countries, occupying the same position in 2018.

Capacity Utilization in Turkey decreased to 61.60 percent in April from 75.30 percent in March of 2020. Capacity Utilization in Turkey averaged 75.22 percent from 2007 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 82 percent in July of 2007 and a record low of 58.70 percent in March of 2009. In Turkey, Capacity Utilization is a measure of how much of the economy's potential output is being used. This page provides the latest reported value for - Turkey Capacity Utilization - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Indonesia's tax-to-GDP ratio was 11.5% in 2017, below the OECD average (34.2%) by 22.7 percentage points, and also below the LAC and Africa (21)* averages (22.8% and 18.2%, respectively).

This country note explains how Indonesia taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

Exports to Syria in Turkey increased to 116357.25 USD THO in March from 76651.55 USD THO in February of 2020. Exports to Syria in Turkey averaged 118030.20 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 311719 USD THO in July of 2014 and a record low of 68184.85 USD THO in January of 2020. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Syria.

Exports to Tunisia in Turkey increased to 88516.26 USD THO in March from 83046.48 USD THO in February of 2020. Exports to Tunisia in Turkey averaged 74293.63 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 115940.17 USD THO in December of 2017 and a record low of 46227.39 USD THO in June of 2019. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Tunisia.

Exports to Turkish Region of Northern Cyprus in Turkey decreased to 72.49 USD Million in March from 81.53 USD Million in February of 2020. Exports to Turkish Region of Northern Cyprus in Turkey averaged 93.09 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 153.24 USD Million in October of 2019 and a record low of 52.78 USD Million in January of 2016. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Turkish Region Of Northern Cyprus.

Exports to Turkmenistan in Turkey increased to 61154.43 USD THO in March from 52931.09 USD THO in February of 2020. Exports to Turkmenistan in Turkey averaged 99966.32 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 239095 USD THO in September of 2014 and a record low of 30049.83 USD THO in September of 2018. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Turkmenistan.

Exports to Ukraine in Turkey increased to 186.33 USD Million in March from 166.37 USD Million in February of 2020. Exports to Ukraine in Turkey averaged 121.87 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 307.36 USD Million in November of 2019 and a record low of 0 USD Million in April of 2014. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Ukraine.

Exports to United Arab Emirates in Turkey decreased to 213.54 USD Million in March from 264.20 USD Million in February of 2020. Exports to United Arab Emirates in Turkey averaged 415.80 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 1097.41 USD Million in July of 2017 and a record low of 153.45 USD Million in January of 2018. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Uae.

Exports to Denmark in Turkey decreased to 73.17 USD Million in March from 86.33 USD Million in February of 2020. Exports to Denmark in Turkey averaged 82.45 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 131.85 USD Million in July of 2018 and a record low of 64.06 USD Million in April of 2019. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Denmark.

Exports to Egypt in Turkey decreased to 265206.85 USD THO in March from 290044.92 USD THO in February of 2020. Exports to Egypt in Turkey averaged 249312.03 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 369247 USD THO in October of 2014 and a record low of 145906.93 USD THO in July of 2017. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Egypt.

Exports to Finland in Turkey increased to 27762.12 USD THO in March from 26018.43 USD THO in February of 2020. Exports to Finland in Turkey averaged 25811.41 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 37980 USD THO in July of 2014 and a record low of 17524 USD THO in May of 2015. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Finland.