Budget Initiatives and Explanations of Appropriations Specified by Outcomes and Programs by Entity: Prime Minister and Cabinet Portfolio.

This paper assesses whether the Newstart Allowance for unemployed people should be increased. It investigates the relationship of the Newstart Allowance to Average Weekly Earnings, the Federal Minimum Wage, and Australian poverty lines, and considers the typical the duration of unemployment and long term unemployment, duration of time on income support, overseas allowances, cost of living, and a comparison with policy makers' remuneration. It finds that the value of the allowance has eroded since it was first set and that unemployment for many is not a transitional situation, and concludes that an increase is warranted to bridge the gap to the poverty line.

"... The report has been prepared for the purpose of highlighting several areas of concern I have about governance arrangements in SA Health that contribute to risks of corruption, misconduct and maladministration...." -- page 4.

In 2017 the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet and Australian Defence Force (Australian Army) undertook a joint review of the Army Aboriginal Community Assistance Programme (AACAP) to assess its efficiency and effectiveness. The review found AACAP is a highly regarded and effective means of achieving positive environmental and primary health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities while providing valuable training outcomes for Army. AACAP's objectives align with the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) 'Closing the Gap' targets in Indigenous disadvantage and with the Australian Government's Indigenous Advancement Strategy (IAS). The report identified areas for potential improvement, recommending greater support for the sustainability of infrastructure and project investment, enhanced employment and training opportunities and strengthening of project governance.

The Regional Recycling Transport Assistance Package provides funding to support resource recovery and recycling in regional Queensland, helping fund the costs of transporting recyclable material from regional Queensland to facilities where it can be recovered or processed and turned into new products. Details regarding eligible applicants, projects and costs are provided in these guidelines.

The use of behavioural insights in public policy has traditionally focused on small, low cost 'nudges' to improve communications, increase compliance and enhance the way services are delivered. But BETA has begun to look beyond to identify a smaller set of 'richer veins' where BI can offer high financial and social impact. These areas includes consumer choice, financial decision-making and personal wellbeing.

This researchprojectimplemented a randomizedcontrolledtrial ofthe SEAM program in Terms 3 and 4 ofthe 2016 school year. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of the SEAM program. The study enrolled 448 treatment group students who were referred to SATOs for potential SEAM intervention, and 448 matched control group students who were not referred to SATOs. Approximately one-third of treatment group students received a compulsory conference notice, approximately one-third of treatment students' families signed an attendance plan, about 20% had a compulsory conference take place, and payment was suspended for approximately 5% of treatment students. No significant differences following any of these interventions were observed between treatment and control students.

The National Agreement for Skills and Workforce Development (NASWD) was agreed by the Australian, State and Territory governments in 2009 and updated in 2012. The NASWD sets out goals for skills attainment by Australians through the vocational education and training (VET) system and commitments to reforms to ensure that the system is accessible, produces high quality services and operates efficiently. This study will assess progress made by governments against the NASWD, and whether the agreement is still an effective long-term framework for government policy and cooperation.

"The HIV resilience framework will be of relevance to a wide range of people involved at all levels of the HIV response. We hope it provides encouragement for government decision makers and policy developers to pursue consistent and enabling policy and legislative environments and work cooperatively between jurisdictions and across departments to achieve best practice. Our consultation suggests that consistent legislation with the goal of supporting strong health outcomes, making disclosure safe, and eliminating stigmatising laws is crucial to creating environments in which people with HIV feel safe to access testing, treatment, and care. The HIV resilience framework also contains valuable insights for those who have responsibility for HIV health program management and service delivery, providing guidance to help ensure that programs, services, interventions or strategies supporting people living with HIV are developed and delivered in a way that is mindful of the interlinked twin goals of building personal resilience and eliminating stigma and discrimination." --President's message (page 6).

The purpose of these guidelines is to provide advice to departments and entities on the procedures to be followed when presenting documents to the Parliament.

"We investigate the potential of using high-resolution seismic methods for rock characterization and for targeting of gold deposits at the St. Ives gold camp. The application of seismic methods in hard-rock environments is challenged by complex structures, intrinsically low signal-to-noise ratio, regolith distortions, and access restrictions. If these issues can be addressed, then the unparalleled resolving power of reflection seismic can be used for mineral exploration. Appropriate spatial sampling of the wavefield combined with a survey geometry design and rigorous data processing to incorporate high fold and long offsets are necessary for creation of high-quality seismic images. In the hard-rock environment of Western Australia, accurate static corrections and multiphase velocity analysis are essential processing steps. This is followed by a rigorous quality control following each processing step. In such a case, we show that the role of reflection seismic could be lifted from mere identification of first-order structures to refined lithological analyses. Five deep boreholes with sonic logs and core sample test data wer eused to calibrate 2D seismic images. Despite seismic images were produced with relatively robust scaling it was possible to achieve reasonably high seismic-log correlation across three of the tightly spaced boreholes using a single composite wavelet. Amplitude-versus-offset (AVO) analysis indicated that gold-bearing structures may be related to elevated AVO effect and increased reflectivity. Consequently, partial stack analysis and acoustic and elastic inversions were conducted. These results and impedance crossplots were then evaluated against known gold occurrences. While still in the preliminary stages, hard-rock seismic imaging, inversion, and the application of AVO techniques indicated significant potential for targeting mineral reserves" -- Summary.

"A special challenge of hard rock exploration is to identify targets of interest within complex geological settings. Interpretation of the geology can be made from direct geological observations and knowledge of the area, and from 2D or 3D seismic surveys. These interpretations can be developed into 3D geological models that provide the basis for predictions as to likely targets for drilling and/or mining. To verify these predictions we need to simulate 3D seismic wave propagation in the proposed geological models and compare the simulation results to seismic survey data. To achieve this we convert geological surfaces created in an interpretation software package into discretised block models representing the different lithostratigraphic units, and segment these into discrete volumes to which appropriate density and seismic velocity values are assigned. This approach allows us to scale models appropriately for desired wave propagation parameters and to go from local to global geological models and vice versa. Then we use these digital models with forward modelling codes to undertake numerous 3D acoustic wave simulations. Simulations are performed with single shot and with exploding reflector (located on extracted geological surface) configurations" -- Summary.

"Researchers of DETCRC 3.1 project acquired substantial experience in seismic exploration of Nickel deposits across Yilgarn craton, Western Australia. There are many lessons learnt and various approaches trialled. The validity of the research conducted and the outputs achieved were verified against real field data provided by the sponsors and affiliates to DET CRC. Research quality was scrutinised by publishing in high level journals. In general high quality images are achieved over nickel rich Kambalda province that allowed for an accurate structural interpretation. Rock identification and characterisation is still challenging particularly due to lack of calibration of seismic images with borehole logs and borehole seismic. Several case histories are documented and briefly analysed. The difference between Komatiitic nickel deposit of Australia and Canada is also commented in light of seismic response and required technology for its detection" -- Executive summary.

"This document is intended to summarise the current state, understanding and the use of seismic reflection method for mineral exploration. Its primary objective is to provide a point of reference, based on actual case studies, for mineral explorers interested in the application of seismic methods to their project. It provides summary information (including the purpose of the survey, acquisition methods, geometry and cost, processing procedures and key findings) that are intended to provide the reader with an objective means of assessing the cost effectiveness of the technique with respect to exploration objectives. It is also aimed at exchange of information between DETCRC sponsors, affiliates and researchers. Finally we hope that this table will help in shaping future research efforts and direction within Project 3.1, regarding the application of seismic for mineral exploration.This is only initial work and it is hoped that it will evolve into a document or a catalogue that will be extensively used by the mineral industry to achieve their exploration objectives in more efficient and effective way" -- Executive summary.

"Xander joins his local am-dram group in order to make friends. He certainly doesn't expect to fall for the group's playboy star. Graeme is confident and easygoing. He believes in fun without commitment. However, all that changes when Xander gets under his skin" -- Pub;isher info.

"A light-hearted take on the Australian toilet paper shortage. With a lot of worry and fear in the world today (2020), it is important to be informed and make good decisions based on the facts at hand. Panic buying caused supply shortages for some products. In Australia, one of the bizarre products to fall to panic buying was toilet roll. This little book, produced as a light-hearted response, offers a reminder that there is always an alternative. Contained in this book are sixteen "sheets". It may be single ply, but we are sure you will agree the 70lb paper has plenty of bulk" -- from the introduction.

From Trash to Treasure is an intensely honest account of a life powerfully redeemed and is a demonstration of the goodness of God. Lee Habbershaw's journey to recovery from sexual abuse moved me to tears - sometimes in compassion, but often in joy. The book is rich with the landmark of life events and Biblical truths which, layer by layer, led Lee into the powerful teaching and counselling ministry she operates in today. This book could change your life (page 7)

From Australia's master storyteller comes an uplifting story of new and old friendships, letting go of the past and looking to the future... Does one simple act of kindness have the power to completely turn someone's life around? It's been a year since Hannah Ainsley lost her husband and parents - her whole family - in a car crash on Christmas morning. Despite her overwhelming loss, she's worked hard to pull the pieces of her life together with the help of a group of dear, loyal friends. But while Hannah is beginning to become excited about the future again, she's concerned that her best friend and talented artist Sam is facing a crisis of her own. It's now Hannah's turn to be Sam's rock - can she save Sam's dreams from unravelling? When Hannah returns to work after her holidays, she can't settle. She's loved her job for a decade, and it's been her lifeline during her grief. But something's changed. She's changed. And for all this time she's avoided knowing the details of the accident or investigation - what would be the point, she'd thought, when nothing will bring her loved ones back? But after a chance meeting, it's all there in front of her - and, like ripples in a pond, it extends beyond her own experiences. Could knowing be the key to her recovery? Could her involvement be the key to someone else's? From Australia's master storyteller comes an uplifting story of new and old friendships, letting go of the past and looking to the future...

Alan Rochford was living the dream when he started Stone Cottage, an idyllic French restaurant nestled in the Adelaide Hills. He had everything going for him apart from experience, money, and the first idea about what he was doing. After two years and one divorce, he began to see the funny side, fed on an endless diet of characters and occurrences so crazy that you couldn't make them up. Australia's answer to Basil Fawlty, Alan serves up a degustation of lip-smacking anecdotes, from his side-line in snail trading across the French countryside, to the time two customers got a touch too 'intimate' in the middle of his dining room. Guinea Pig in White Wine Sauce is the tale of one man trying to keep his head in the certifiably insane world of fine dining.

As a tender young townie in the revolutionary sixties, Sue steps away from all that is familiar to spend her life with a man she has known for three weeks. With little prelude she is thrown into the deep end of a gritty farming life in a man's world. A life of work on untamed lands, a two year odyssey through the outback, and months spent in a remote Aboriginal community, reveal to Sue the very character of the Australian landscape. This is the story of one woman's metamorphosis, from timid, imaginative child to resilient, worldly woman - a profound journey of self discovery through tragedy, life-threatening adventure and overwhelming joy.

A fun light story by Grammy of camping in the Vales with nighttime noises and shadows scaring all. She knew who was scurrying around the campsite. Would you like to know too? -- Publisher.

"Fixed safety cameras that detect red light running and speeding vehicles are known to be an effective method of controlling driver behaviour and producing road safety benefits. While no definitive best practice for choosing safety camera locations was found in the literature, there are a number of criteria that are frequently used and that make sense: locations with a high number of crashes (particularly injury crashes); locations with a high proportion of speeding vehicles; locations with high traffic volumes; locations with large numbers of unprotected road users (pedestrians and bicyclists); different camera types covering different areas of the road network; and deploying cameras widely throughout the road network. Evaluation of the effects of safety cameras on particular sites and as a whole can be attempted using a number of methodologies: changes in crash numbers before and after installation; changes in vehicle speeds before and after installation; and changes in offence detections from the time of installation onwards. There are limitations with each of these methodologies such that evaluating the effectiveness of an individual safety camera is often not possible. By tracking many safety camera sites for a long period of time, the effect of the safety cameras can be examined but there will always be other factors that may explain any observed changes. A true experiment could be conducted to determine safety camera effects but it would involve deliberate non-treatment of good candidate sites for many years. This study gives a reasonable set of principles for selecting safety camera sites and evaluating their effectiveness. However, the detailed processes for South Australia will depend on what data is available, the resources and funding that can be applied, and political and other considerations." -- page 3.

"Fixed safety cameras that detect speeding (and in some cases red light running) are known to be a generally effective method of controlling driver behaviour and producing road safety benefits. They were first introduced in South Australia in 1988 and are now in operation at more than 150 locations around the State. Data on the speeding and red light running offences recorded at each of the sites are now publicly available. If the number of offences declines over time, this is an indication that the safety cameras are becoming increasingly effective in preventing speeding or red light running behaviour. The offence rates of the five types of safety cameras in use in South Australia were examined on a site by site basis. Safety cameras located in South Australian 50-90 km/h speed limit zones in built-up areas showed a similar overall trend in offence rates: speeding offence rates decreased rapidly during the first two to three years of operation; continued declines in speeding offence rates occurred for many years after that; and red light running offences showed general declines over time but not as consistently or to the same extent as speeding offences. Making the cameras more conspicuous from the time of installation may accelerate their positive effects. Safety cameras may also prevent vehicle speeding on high speed rural roads upon installation (this could not be measured here) but there appears to be little change in offence rates after this time. This is possibly due to the more conspicuous nature of these cameras. The tolerances applied to point to point average speed measurements appear to be the same as applied to spot speed measurements and could reasonably be reduced." -- Summary.