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Method and system for simulating a proximity-based transaction device

Reference equipment including a reference card and a reference reader is provided for testing electronic payment devices such as cards and card readers. The reference equipment includes reference cards and reference readers that respectively can be used to verify compliance of product cards and product readers with product specifications The product specifications may, for example, be the ISO 14443 Standard specifications which are commonly accepted in the electronic payment industry The reference equipment is designed to enhance interoperability of product payment devices whose functional behaviors may vary because of vendor customization of device specifications or due to manufacturing tolerances In some embodiments, the reference equipment includes a reference card for testing card readers The exemplary reference card can comprise a current mirror to permit an electronically adjustable variable load using an external controller The reference card electronic circuit can exhibit variable load conditions.




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Pre-paid usage system for encoded information reading terminals

A fleet management system for managing a fleet of encoded information reading (EIR) terminals can comprise one or more computers, a fleet management software module, and a payment processing software module in communication with the fleet management software module. The fleet management software module can be configured, responsive to receiving a customer initiated request, to generate an unlocking message upon processing a payment by the payment processing software module. The unlocking message can be provided by a bar code to be read by an EIR terminal, or by a bit stream to be transferred to an EIR terminal via network. Each EIR terminal can be configured to perform not more than a pre-defined number of EIR operations responsive to receiving the unlocking message.




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Antenna for RFID device and method for making the same

An RFID tag or label or device includes an RFID chip and an antenna. The antenna is manufactured by weakening a portion of a foil material, which weakened portion may be in a tessellating pattern. The foil material is then placed in contact with adhesive on a substrate. The foil material and substrate are separated, so as to retain on the substrate the portion of the foil material in contact with the adhesive. The foil material remaining on the substrate defines an antenna, which may subsequently be electrically connected to an RFID chip to provide an RFID tag or label or device.




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Transaction product assembly with vehicle

An assembly includes a transaction product and an auxiliary vehicle. The transaction product includes a folded sheet configured to be repeatedly folded and unfolded between a collapsed position and an extended position. The folded sheet defines a substantially planar surface defining a printed track. The transaction product comprises an account identifier statically connected thereto. The account identifier links the transaction product to at least one of an account and a record and is machine readable by a point-of-sale terminal. The auxiliary vehicle includes a microcontroller, one or more sensors, a motor, and at least one movable component. The microcontroller actuates the motor to induce movement of the at least one movable component propelling the auxiliary vehicle along and following the printed track based on detection of a location of the printed track as determined by the one or more sensors.




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Electronic transaction verification system with biometric authentication

An electronic transaction verification system for use with transaction tokens such as checks, credit cards, debit cards, and smart cards that gathers and transmits information about the transaction token and biometric data. Customers can be enrolled in the system by receiving customer information that includes at least a biometric datum, associating the received customer information with a transaction instrument issued to the customers and storing the received customer information and the issued transaction instrument information in a database for future reference.




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Semiconductor device and method for driving the same

A semiconductor device including an integrator circuit, in which electric discharge from a capacitor can be reduced to shorten time required for charging the capacitor in the case where supply of power supply voltage is stopped and restarted, and a method for driving the semiconductor device are provided. One embodiment has a structure in which a transistor with small off-state current is electrically connected in series to a capacitor in an integrator circuit. Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, a transistor with small off-state current is electrically connected in series to a capacitor in an integrator circuit; the transistor is on in a period during which power supply voltage is supplied; and the transistor is off in a period during which supply of the power supply voltage is stopped.




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Digital phase-locked loop using phase-to-digital converter, method of operating the same, and devices including the same

A digital phase locked loop (DPLL), a method of operating the same, and a device including the same are provided. The DPLL includes a digitally-controlled oscillator configured to change a frequency and a phase of an output oscillation signal in response to a digital control code; a main divider configured to divide the frequency of the output oscillation signal and generate a first feedback signal based on the divided frequency; and a phase-to-digital converter configured to subdivide the phase of the output oscillation signal and to generate a quantized code by converting a phase difference between a reference signal and the first feedback signal using a phase-subdivided signal resulting from the subdivision. The digital control code is generated based on the quantized code.




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Power savings mode for memory systems

A system and method are disclosed to accomplish power savings in an electronic device, such as a memory chip, by performing selective frequency locking and subsequent instantaneous frequency switching in the DLL (delay locked loop) used for clock synchronization in the electronic device. By locking the DLL at a slow clock frequency, the operational frequency may be substantially instantaneously switched to an integer-multiplied frequency of the initial locking frequency without losing the DLL lock point. This DLL locking methodology allows for faster frequency changes from higher (during normal operation) to lower (during a power saving mode) clock frequencies without resorting to gradual frequency slewing to conserve power and maintain DLL locking. Hence, a large power reduction may be accomplished substantially instantaneously without adding complexity to the system clock generator. Because of the rules governing abstracts, this abstract should not be used in construing the claims.




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Universal filter implementing second-order transfer function

An apparatus includes a biquad filter having first and second lossy integrators and multiple input networks. Each lossy integrator includes an amplifier, and each input network is coupled to an input of the amplifier in one of the lossy integrators. Each input network includes multiple resistors and a capacitor arranged in a T-structure. In a single-ended configuration, each input network includes a grounded capacitor. In a fully-differential configuration, each input network includes one of: a grounded capacitor and a floating capacitor coupled to another input network. The amplifiers and resistors could form a portion of an integrated circuit chip, which also includes multiple input/output pins. A single grounded capacitor could be coupled to a single input/output pin of the integrated circuit chip for an input network. A single floating capacitor could be coupled to two input/output pins of the integrated circuit chip for a pair of input networks.




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Sand dispensing device having plural compartments

A sand dispensing device designed to be carried in the trunk of a vehicle includes a housing having a partition forming two interior compartments. A supply of sand is stored in a first compartment and an electric air compressor is situated in a second compartment. A remote switch is operatively connected to a relay in the second compartment for energizing the compressor. An induction nozzle has a sand inlet extending through an aperture in the partition into the first compartment and is connected to an air supply tube connected to an output of the air compressor. An outlet tube in the second compartment has a first end connection to an outlet of the induction nozzle and a second end extending through a side wall of the housing. A pair of discharge tubes are connected by a quick release fitting to a second end of the outlet tube and a pair of discharge nozzles are provided on the discharge tubes for spraying a sand and air mixture adjacent drive wheels of the vehicle, to enhance traction on icy road surfaces. The device is conveniently removable from the vehicle trunk for replenishing the sand supply or for transferring between vehicles.




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Stationary standby sand spreading unit for roadways

A standby sanding unit for emergency sanding of icy roadways has a plurality of sand hoppers that are connected to a tank holding air under pressure. The hoppers have hopper type bottoms that have nozzles attached to the bottoms so that when air under pressure is provided to the upper portions of the tank, sand will be discharged out through the nozzles. The air pressure tank has valves that control the flow of air under pressure to the hoppers, when needed.




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Device for applying sand to roads for use in vehicles

A sand delivery system for use in automobiles, or other vehicles. The device uses the hollow front bumpers found on most modern vehicles today to store bags of sand, which is delivered through a number of nozzles located in the front of the vehicle. A blower system forces the sand through the nozzles and projects the sand in a wide pattern out in front of the vehicle. The system is designed to operate when the vehicle is braking. Because the sand is disbursed out in front of the vehicle, the tires can better utilize the sand for braking. Because the sand is projected out in front of the vehicle only a moderate amount of sand is needed to improve traction, thereby reducing the need for large quantities of sand. The sand delivery system can be tied to a manual switch, the vehicle's brake pedal, or to a computer that is tied into the anti-lock brake systems of a car. In the latter case, sand is only be applied when the anti-lock brake system is activated.




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Short circuit safety audible monitor

An electrical short circuit protection device for an electric trailer brake controller includes a fuse connected between the controller and the trailer brakes and an acoustic piezoelectric transducer connected across the fuse. Upon a short circuit fault developing in the trailer brakes, the fuse opens and the transducer generates an audio warning signal.




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Universal, sand dispersion apparatus for motor vehicles

An apparatus to improve traction conditions for motor vehicles under winter time driving conditions is disclosed. The invention comprises a sand storage reservoir and delivery system that supplies sand to each tire of a motor vehicle to aid in traction when driving in icy or snowy conditions found in wintertime driving. The sand reservoir provides sand to a plenum through four distinct sand compartments which dispense individual slugs of sand to a series of discs, connected via a cable, which move the sand through a delivery pipe to any of the four motor vehicle tires, as selected by application levers on the sand reservoir. The reservoir and associated controls are located inside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle with the delivery tubes located on the undercarriage of the motor vehicle.




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Drying sand to prevent freezing without the use of salt

A method for supplying dry sand for spreading on road surfaces in freezing temperatures in a condition in which the sand remains fluid in freezing temperatures without the addition of salt includes the steps of drying the sand by providing a naturally occurring bed of the sand having an upper surface of the bed exposed to sunlight; planting on the upper surface a covering crop of a type such as alfalfa having deep roots which extend through the whole bed up to thirty feet deep in search of a water table below the bed and growing the crop for a period of time sufficient to allow the roots to penetrate the bed and to extract moisture from the bed to dry the sand in the bed. The dry sand is extracted from the bed and stored temporarily in a closed storage which prevents the re-introduction of moisture for subsequent use on road surfaces without the necessity of salt to keep the sand fluid for spreading.




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Metering device for sand spreading devices, especially for rail vehicles

Metering or dosing device for sand spreading apparatuses with a metering piston for sealing off and releasing the throughflow opening for the material to be spread, in which the metering piston and the opposite housing wall of the passage hole have profiles overlapping each other so that a labyrinth-like outflow of the spread material results.




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Method and system of limiting the application of sand to a railroad rail

A method and computer program product of limiting sand use in a railroad locomotive sanding system applying sand to railroad rails to enhance adhesion of wheels of a railroad locomotive on a track having a pair of railroad rails, the sanding system including a plurality of sand applicators for each rail for directing sand flow toward the rail and with the locomotive having two trucks carrying the wheels for supporting and propelling the locomotive along the track. The method and computer program product may include steps of automatically controlling a flow of sand applied to the rail by the locomotive sanding system to limit the application of sand to situations in which applying sand to the rail would be effective to increase the adhesion of at least one of the railroad locomotive wheels on the rail by a predetermined incremental amount. The operation of each of the plurality of sand applicators may be independently controlled for selectively operating those sand applicators whose operation will result in at least the predetermined incremental increase in adhesion of the locomotive wheels on the rail, while not operating the other sand applicators so as to limit the amount of sand applied to the track.




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Metering device for sand spreading devices, especially for rail vehicles

Metering or dosing device for sand spreading apparatuses with a metering piston for sealing off and releasing the throughflow opening for the material to be spread, in which the metering piston and the opposite housing wall of the passage hole have profiles overlapping each other so that a labyrinth-like outflow of the spread material results.




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Vehicle salt dispensing system

A vehicle salt dispensing system. An illustrative embodiment of the vehicle salt dispensing system includes a pump and supply module adapted to contain a supply of salt, at least one dispensing tube communicating with the pump and supply module and at least one generally curved discharge tube communicating with the at least one dispensing tube.




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Method and apparatus for monitoring sand supply to a scattering device for a rail vehicle

A method, and an apparatus, for monitoring the sand supply in a sand tank (2) of a sand-scattering device in vehicles, in particular in express trains. To prevent an insufficient sand supply, the sand-supply level is monitored by a inspection point.




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Sand discharge device for a rail vehicle

A suction nozzle insert is provided for arranging in a storage container of a sand discharge device of a rail vehicle, through which compressed air can flow in succession through a nozzle, an injection chamber, a venturi pipe and then a sand feed pipe, wherein the injection chamber and the venturi pipe are located in a first hollow chamber, and furthermore at least one suction channel which connects the storage container with the injection chamber is provided in the housing of the suction nozzle insert, wherein the housing has a second hollow chamber which is arranged between the compressed air pipe and the nozzle, and at least one at least partially closable air channel is provided between this second hollow chamber and the first hollow chamber, wherein the air channel inlet lies in the second hollow chamber and the air channel outlet lies in the first hollow chamber.




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Sand spreading system

A system for spreading spreadings in front of the wheels of vehicles, in particular, rail vehicles, including at least one container for the spreadings, at least one device arranged below each spreadings container for metering the spreadings with an outlet opening for dispensing the metered spreadings and at least two devices for conveying the metered spreadings over at least two conveyor lines. The conveyor devices provided for the metering device are made up of a pneumatically operated multiple injector arranged beneath the outlet opening, with at least two separate cavities for the dispensing of the metered spreadings, with one compressed air connector per cavity, and a connector for the conveyor line in each cavity opposite the compressed air connection.




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Sand dosing and blocking device

A sand dosing and blocking device for sand spreading systems for vehicles, particularly rail vehicles with drive, has a sand supply container with an outlet opening which can be closed by a closing element for the dosed release of sand to a conveyor unit which is preferably pneumatically activated. The closing element is formed by a lifting rod of an electrically activated lifting magnet. The lifting magnet is arranged inside the sand supply container in the area of the outlet opening. Frequency control of the lifting magnet varies the dosed flow of sand, which may be varied in response to vehicle wheel speed.




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Curved-surface display panel fabrication method, curved-surface display panel using same, and multi-image display device using same

A curved-surface display panel fabrication method for fabricating a curved-surface display panel using a flat display panel having a first substrate and a second substrate includes: paring partially outer surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate so as to reduce thicknesses thereof to a predetermined thickness; bending the pared flat display panel to a desired curved shape; attaching a first guide member which has a shape corresponding to the desired curved shape to the first substrate with a predetermined gap from the pared outer surface thereof and attaching a second guide member with has a shape corresponding to the desired curved shape to the second substrate with a predetermined gap from the pared outer surface thereof; and forming light transmitting reinforcing layers respectively in a space between the first guide member and the first substrate and a space between the second guide member and the second substrate.




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Substrate attachment device of display device and method for manufacturing display device using the same

A substrate attachment device of a display device and a method for manufacturing the display device using the same are disclosed. The substrate attachment device of the display device includes a guide unit which is curvedly disposed, a first support unit which moves forward and backwards along the guide unit and transfers a cover substrate having a curved surface, a second support unit which is disposed on the guide unit, moves forward and backwards, and transfers a display panel, and a roller unit which rotates so that the cover substrate having the curved surface is attached to the display panel.




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Spark plug for internal combustion engine and method for manufacturing same

The spark plug has a configuration satisfying the relationships of B≧0.7A and 0.3 mm≦A≦0.6 mm, where B is an axial thickness along the central axis line Q of the weld portion formed between the base material electrode and the noble-metal chip, and A is an axial distance along the central axis line Q between the intersection points P3 and X. The intersection point P3 is a point at which a phantom axis line radially distant from the central axis line Q by D/2 (D being a diameter of the noble-metal chip) intersects with the boundary line between the weld portion and the noble-metal chip. The intersection point X is a point at which an extension of the contour line of the base material electrode in the vicinity of the weld portion intersects with a boundary line between the weld portion and the base material electrode.




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Organic light emitting display device and method of manufacturing the same

An organic light emitting display device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The organic light emitting display device includes: a substrate including a display portion displaying an image as a plurality of sub-pixels that are arranged, and a non-display portion extending at an edge of the display portion; and a sealant formed along a periphery of the display portion, wherein an organic film having an emissive layer is formed on the plurality of sub-pixels, and an emissive layer storage unit storing an emissive layer coated on the non-display portion is formed between the display portion and the sealant. By forming the emissive layer storage unit by removing at least a part of a pixel defining layer on an edge of the substrate, a raw material of the emissive layer coated on the non-display portion on the substrate is easily processed via the emissive layer storage unit.




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Organic luminescence display device having getter pattern and method of manufacturing the same

Provided is a method of manufacturing an organic luminescence display device, the method including: bringing a getter powder into direct contact with a first surface of an encapsulation substrate; irradiating a laser to a second surface of the encapsulation substrate correspondingly to a getter pattern area to melt the second surface of the encapsulation substrate; and bonding the getter powder to the molten second surface of the encapsulation substrate to form a getter pattern corresponding to the getter pattern area. Since the getter powder is directly bonded to the encapsulation substrate by laser irradiation, a fine getter pattern may be formed.




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Light emitting display device and method of fabricating the same

A light emitting display device and a method of fabricating the same are disclosed. The light emitting display device comprises: a substrate comprising an active region in which a plurality of active pixels for displaying images are formed and a first dummy region disposed outside the active region and in which a plurality of first dummy pixels is formed; a first electrode formed on the substrate in each pixel; a pixel defining layer having an opening that exposes the first electrode; a surface treatment layer formed on the first electrode and having a plurality of grooves in each of the first dummy pixels; a light emitting layer formed on the surface treatment layer; and a second electrode formed on the light emitting layer in each of the active pixels.




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Liquid crystal display and method for manufacturing the same

A liquid crystal display is provided that includes: a first display panel including a thin film transistor and a plurality of pixel electrodes; a second display panel facing the first display panel with a cell gap therebetween; a lower resistive layer disposed on the first display panel; an upper resistive layer disposed on the second display panel; and a sensing spacer connecting the lower resistive layer and the upper resistive layer.




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Flat panel type image display device and method for manufacturing the same

Disclosed are a flat panel type image display device of a clear borderless design without a case defining an external appearance of an image display device, and a method for manufacturing the same. The flat panel type image display device includes an image display panel to display an image, a panel guide including a panel fixing portion, to which the image display panel is attached, and a guide frame formed in a dual coupling structure, the panel fixing portion being configured to move together with the guide frame in at least one direction of x, y, and z-axis directions, and a bottom case formed to cover an opened back surface of the panel guide comprising a back surface of the image display panel, the bottom case being fixed to an inner side surface of the panel guide.




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Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

A display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate, a display panel disposed on the substrate, a sealing substrate which is disposed opposite to the display panel, and a sealing unit disposed between the substrate and the sealing substrate, enclosing the display panel. The sealing unit has a penetration hole which passes through the sealing unit in a vertical direction.




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***WITHDRAWN PATENT AS PER THE LATEST USPTO WITHDRAWN LIST***Manufacturing method for organic electroluminescent panel and organic electroluminescent panel manufactured using the same

A simple manufacturing method for an organic electroluminescent panel in which organic electroluminescent elements are arranged and sealed by a sealing adhesive. The electroluminescent panel has excellent sealing properties and excellent durability as a result of the organic electroluminescent elements being adhered to one another by a heat-curable adhesive. The manufacturing method is for an organic electroluminescent panel in which at least a first electrode, an organic functional layer containing a light-emitting layer, an organic electroluminescent element having a second electrode, and a sealing substrate are bonded together on a substrate by the heat-curable adhesive. The method includes forming a heat-curable adhesive layer on the sealing substrate, subjecting the heat-curable adhesive layer formed on the sealing substrate to pre-heating treatment, bonding the pre-heated heat-curable adhesive layer to the organic electroluminescent element, and subjecting the heat-curable adhesive layer to heat curing, in the given order.




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Organic light-emitting device having light-emitting pattern, method and apparatus for preparing the same

Disclosed is a method of producing an organic light emitting device, an organic light emitting device produced by using the method, and an apparatus used in the method. The method includes preparing a first electrode, forming one or more organic material layers on the first electrode, and forming a second electrode on the organic material layers, wherein the method includes changing functions of predetermined pattern regions of one or more layers of the organic material layers or the electrodes.




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Manufacturing method for organic electroluminescent panel and organic electroluminescent panel manufactured using the same

A simple manufacturing method for an organic electroluminescent panel in which organic electroluminescent elements are arranged and sealed by a sealing adhesive. The electroluminescent panel has excellent sealing properties and excellent durability as a result of the organic electroluminescent elements being adhered to one another by a heat-curable adhesive. The manufacturing method is for an organic electroluminescent panel in which at least a first electrode, an organic functional layer containing a light-emitting layer, an organic electroluminescent element having a second electrode, and a sealing substrate are bonded together on a substrate by the heat-curable adhesive. The method includes forming a heat-curable adhesive layer on the sealing substrate, subjecting the heat-curable adhesive layer formed on the sealing substrate to pre-heating treatment, bonding the pre-heated heat-curable adhesive layer to the organic electroluminescent element, and subjecting the heat-curable adhesive layer to heat curing, in the given order.




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Porous silica material and optical microphone using the same

A porous silica material in which silica particles are connected to one another three-dimensionally, wherein: the porous silica material includes a through hole including first pores smaller than a mean free path of an air, and second pores larger than the first pores; the porous silica material has a density of 100 kg/m3 or more and 300 kg/m3 or less; and an isobutyl group is bound to silicon of silica of the silica particles.




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Apparatus for manufacturing single crystal silicon ingot having reusable dual crucible for silicon melting

The present disclosure provides an apparatus for manufacturing a single crystal silicon ingot having a dual crucible for silicon melting which can be reused due to a dual crucible structure. The apparatus includes a dual crucible for silicon melting, into which raw silicon is charged, a crucible heater heating the dual crucible to melt the raw silicon into molten silicon, a crucible drive unit controlling rotation and elevation of the dual crucible, and a pull-up drive unit disposed above the dual crucible and pulling up a seed crystal dipped in the molten silicon to produce a silicon ingot. The dual crucible has a container shape open at an upper side thereof, and includes a graphite crucible having an inclined surface connecting an inner bottom and an inner wall, and a quartz crucible inserted into the graphite crucible and receiving the raw silicon charged into the dual crucible.




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Method of manufacturing spherical mesoporous silica containing dispersed silver nanoparticles, and spherical mesoporous silica manufactured by said method

The present invention relates to a method of preparing a spherical mesoporous silica structure containing silver nanoparticles dispersed therein by adding a silver nitrate solution to an aqueous surfactant solution and performing a sol-gel process and to spherical mesoporous silica prepared thereby. The spherical mesoporous silica is cost-effective compared to a conventional method that uses silver nanoparticles as a raw material, because the silver nitrate solution that is inexpensive compared to silver nanoparticles is used. Also, the spherical mesoporous silica can be with high productivity in large amounts, and thus is easily commercialized. Moreover, because silver nanoparticles are incorporated into the pores of the mesoporous silica, the silver nanoparticles are used stably and do not change color and odor. In addition, the spherical mesoporous silica exhibits various additional effects, including far-infrared ray emission and deodorization, attributable to silica.




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Carbon catalyst, method of producing same, and electrode and battery each utilizing same

Provided is a method of producing a carbon catalyst having an improved activity. The method of producing carbon catalyst including a carbonization step of carbonizing raw materials containing an organic compound as a carbon source, a metal, and an electrically conductive carbon material to produce a carbonized material; a metal impregnation step of impregnating the carbonized material with a metal; and a heat treatment step of subjecting the carbonized material impregnated with the metal to a heat treatment.




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Alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide, and production method therefor

The present invention provides an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide having favorable heat resistance and a reduced content of specific impurities and a water content, and provides a method for producing an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide, which is capable of easily removing a solvent from a reaction solution. An alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (I) and has a mass loss rate of 2% or less when the alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide is kept at 100° C. for 8 hours under an air current. A method for producing an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide of the present invention comprises a step of concentrating a solution of the alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide by bubbling a gas into a reaction solution containing the alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide, and/or concentrating a solution of the alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide by thin layer distillation.




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Movable bridge joint, associated support and rail bridge panel containing same

The invention may be described as a rail bridge joint, associated guard plate assembly, and a bridge assembly incorporating same.




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Railroad spikes and methods of making the same

Embodiments of the present invention are directed to improved designs of railroad spikes and improved methods of manufacturing the same. According to one exemplary embodiment, a method for manufacturing a railroad spike may have the steps of: preparing a metal blank having a substantially circular cross-section; subjecting the metal blank to at least one cold heading process and at least one cold extrusion process to form a railroad spike having (a) a circular head with a fillet at its bottom side that is angled to engage a railroad tie plate or rail base and (b) a non-threaded shank with a substantially square cross-section and a chiseled tip; and coating the railroad spike with an anti-corrosion material.




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Polyurethane ballast layer, the method for preparing the same and the use thereof

The present invention relates to a polyurethane ballast layer, the method for preparing the same and a railway comprising the polyurethane ballast layer. The polyurethane ballast layer provided in this invention comprises a polyurethane-filled ballast layer and a polyurethane external protective layer, wherein the polyurethane-filled ballast layer comprises ballasts and polyurethane foam filled in the space among the ballasts. The polyurethane ballast layer provided in this invention can reduce the probability of ballast crashing, shifting and cracking under heavy load, and separate the ballast track from the outside environment to prevent rain, snow and wastes from entering into the internal space of the ballast track bed. Furthermore, the polyurethane ballast layer can keep the polyurethane foam filled in the ballasts layer away from water in the outside environment to avoid hydrolysis. The polyurethane ballast layer presented in this invention can be used in the railway ballast track bed to extend the track bed maintenance cycle, and save maintenance cost significantly.




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Reclosable bag having a sound producing zipper

A zipper for use in a reclosable bag including an elongated groove profile having two arms which form a general U-shape to define an opening to a channel, and an elongated rib profile opposing the groove profile. A plurality of first segments of the rib profile alternate with a plurality of second segments of the rib profile to create a structural discontinuity along a length thereof. The first segments have larger cross-sections and shorter lengths than the second segments such that interlocking the groove and rib profiles creates the audible clicking sound when the groove and rib profiles are engaged.




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Easy open and reclosable package with discrete laminate with die-cut

An easy-open and reclosable package includes a pouch including a discrete laminate including a base strip, a panel section, and a die cut defining a die cut segment; a first and second anchor seal; the base strip including a sealing segment, backing segment, and intermediate layer including a pressure sensitive adhesive; and a product disposed in the pouch. The die cut segment is so arranged that when the package is opened, the sealing segment is partially removed from the base strip, the pressure sensitive adhesive is partially exposed, and the package can thereafter be reclosed by adhering any of the first side panel, second side panel, and panel section to the pressure sensitive adhesive. Methods of making the package, and a pouch, are also disclosed.




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Packaging with affixed sorbent sachet

A sorbent container includes a plurality of sealed pockets connected in a strip. At least one of the pockets is a filled pocket containing a quantity of sorbent material. A pocket adjacent to the filled pocket is empty.




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Valve and valve strip for a reclosable container

A gastight valve strip for a reclosable container. The valve strip includes opposing first and second film layers adapted to be disposed over a container aperture through a sidewall of the reclosable container. The first film layer is attached to the second film layer by a first thermal seal disposed around the periphery of the first film layer. An attachment surface of the second film layer is adapted to be sealed to the sidewall of the reclosable container. Opposing surfaces of the first and second film layers form a substantially gastight seal therebetween upon contact of the film layers. Offset first film layer and second film layer apertures extend through the first and second film layers, respectively, the first film layer aperture being in fluid communication with an exterior side of the valve strip and the second film layer aperture being configured to be in fluid communication with the container aperture.




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Pet waste disposal kit and method

A pet waste disposal kit includes a kit bag with an impermeable lining that can be worn around the waist or over the shoulder of the pet handler. The kit bag serves as the secondary container for filled waste collection bags, and it also serves to store the other materials contained in the kit. The kit also includes a supply of lightweight, impermeable, biodegradable plastic gloves, which can be made of biodegradable polyethylene, and a supply of waste collection bags made of lightweight, impermeable, biodegradable plastic, containing a disinfecting-deodorizing mixture. The disinfecting-deodorizing mixture contains a highly alkaline compound, a desiccant and a deodorizer. The waste collection bags have re-sealable zip-locks or twist ties. The kit also includes a supply of antiseptic hand wipes or a liquid hand sanitizer.




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Reclosable pouch and zipper for a reclosable pouch

A reclosable pouch includes a body portion having first and second opposing sidewalls and a first web having a first portion attached to the first sidewall and a first unattached portion. The first web is disposed on an internal side of the first sidewall. The reclosable pouch further includes a second web having a second portion attached to the second sidewall and a second unattached portion. The second web is disposed on an internal side of the second sidewall. Additionally, the reclosable pouch includes a first closure mechanism having first and second closure profiles with the first closure profile disposed on the first web at the first attached portion and the second closure profile disposed on the second web at the second attached portion. Furthermore, the reclosable pouch includes a second closure mechanism having third and fourth closure profiles with the third closure profile disposed on the first web at the first unattached portion and the fourth closure profile disposed on the second web at the second unattached portion.




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Flexible container for packaging, in particular in sterile conditions, of food products and relative package comprising said flexible container

The present invention regards a package (1) for food products comprising a flexible container (2) having a first wall (5) and a second wall (6) opposite each other and peripherally sealed along at least the respective side edges (5a, 6a, 5b, 6b), a space (8) inside said walls containing, optionally in sterile conditions, a food product (73), and a gusset element (10) extended between the upper edges (5c, 6c) of said first wall (5) and of said second wall (6), said gusset element (10) defining a pocket (14) turned towards the interior of said flexible container (2), characterized in that it comprises an opening and closing device (3) housed in said pocket (14) and constrained to said flexible container (2), said opening and closing device (3) comprising a pourer body (15) associated with an opening and closing cap (16), and cutting means (42) suitable to perforate said flexible container (2) at the time of the first opening of said packaging (1). The invention also regards a method for packaging a food product, in particular in sterile conditions, in a package of the aforesaid type, a flexible container for a package of the aforesaid type as well as a method for producing such container.