Mr. Angel Gurría, Secretary-General of the OECD, was in Brussels on 19 June 2018 to present the 2018 OECD Economic Surveys of the European Union and of the Euro Area.

This country note for Belgium provides detail on the proportion of CO2 emissions from energy use subject to different effective carbon rates (ECR), as well as on the level and components of average ECRs in each of the six economic sectors (road transport, off-road transport, industry, agriculture and fishing, residential & commercial, and electricity).

The digital revolution, globalisation and demographic changes are transforming labour markets at a time when policy makers are also struggling with slow productivity and wage growth and high levels of income inequality. The new OECD Jobs Strategy provides a comprehensive framework and policy recommendations to help countries address these challenges

The Belgian standard VAT rate is 21.0%, which is above the OECD average. The average VAT/GST¹ standard rate in the OECD was 19.3% as of 1 January 2019. The previous standard VAT rate in Belgium was 20.5% in 1995. It changed to the current level in 1996. Belgium applies reduced VAT rates of 0%, 6% and 12% to a number of goods and services.

Mr. Angel Gurría, Secretary-General of the OECD, will be in Brussels on 8 July 2019 to attend the EU Employment and Social Policy Council meeting, where he will present the OECD report on the Economy of Well-Being.

This country note explains how Belgium taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

The tax-to-GDP ratio in Belgium increased by 0.3 percentage points from 44.5% in 2017 to 44.8% in 2018. The corresponding figure for the OECD average was a slight increase of 0.1 percentage point from 34.2% to 34.3% over the same period.

The Secretary-General of the OECD, Mr. Angel Gurría, will be in Brussels on 3 February 2020 to present the 2020 OECD Economic Survey of Belgium, alongside Ms. Sophie Wilmès, Prime Minister of Belgium.

Belgium’s tax, labour, pension and education reforms have improved the potential for stronger, sustainable and inclusive growth over the long term. Keeping up this momentum on structural reforms is key to energise the economy and keep it resilient to external risks and uncertainties, according to a new OECD report.

This note presents selected findings based on the set of well-being indicators published in How's Life? 2020.

The tax wedge for the average single worker in Belgium decreased by 0.5 percentage points from 52.7 in 2018 to 52.2 in 2019. The OECD average tax wedge in 2019 was 36.0 (2018, 36.1). In 2019 Belgium had the highest tax wedge among the 36 OECD member countries, occupying the same position in 2018.

Deposit Interest Rate in Brunei decreased to 0.31 percent in 2018 from 0.32 percent in 2017. Deposit Interest Rate in Brunei averaged 0.58 percent from 2004 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 1.17 percent in 2007 and a record low of 0.23 percent in 2012. The Deposit Interest Rate is the average rate paid by commercial banks to individuals or corporations on deposits. This page includes a chart with historical data for Deposit Interest Rate in Brunei.

Brunei is ranked 66 among 190 economies in the ease of doing business, according to the latest World Bank annual ratings. The rank of Brunei deteriorated to 66 in 2019 from 55 in 2018. Ease of Doing Business in Brunei averaged 79 from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 105 in 2014 and a record low of 55 in 2018. The Ease of doing business index ranks countries against each other based on how the regulatory environment is conducive to business operationstronger protections of property rights. Economies with a high rank (1 to 20) have simpler and more friendly regulations for businesses. This page includes a chart with historical data for Ease of Doing Business in Brunei.

Brunei scored 60 points out of 100 on the 2019 Corruption Perceptions Index reported by Transparency International. Corruption Index in Brunei averaged 57.78 Points from 2009 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 63 Points in 2018 and a record low of 52 Points in 2011. The Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries and territories based on how corrupt their public sector is perceived to be. A country or territory’s score indicates the perceived level of public sector corruption on a scale of 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean). This page provides the latest reported value for - Brunei Corruption Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The benchmark interest rate in Brunei was last recorded at 5.50 percent. In Brunei, the Monetary Authority of Brunei Darussalam does not set a benchmark interest rate. Instead, the Prime Lending Rate is utilized as reference. This page provides the latest reported value for - Brunei Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The Consumer Price Index in Brunei increased 0.10 percent in November of 2019 over the previous month. Inflation Rate Mom in Brunei averaged -0.01 percent from 2013 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 1.60 percent in December of 2014 and a record low of -1.80 percent in January of 2016. Inflation Rate MoM measures month over month change in the price of goods and services. This page provides - Brunei Inflation Rate MoM- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The inflation rate in Brunei was recorded at -0.10 percent in November of 2019. Inflation Rate in Brunei averaged 0.48 percent from 2007 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 3.59 percent in October of 2008 and a record low of -1.60 percent in December of 2016. In Brunei, the most important categories in the consumer price index are food and non-alcoholic beverages (19 percent of the total weight) and transport (18.8 percent). The index also includes: housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels (11 percent); furnishings, household equipment and routine (11 percent); recreation and cultural activities (9.1 percent); hotels and restaurants (8.8 percent); miscellaneous goods and services (6.5 percent); communication (6.0 percent); clothing and footwear (4.2 percent); education (3.9 percent) and health (1.3 percent). This page provides the latest reported value for - Brunei Inflation Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Cost of food in Brunei decreased 0.60 percent in November of 2019 over the same month in the previous year. Food Inflation in Brunei averaged 1.19 percent from 2007 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 8.34 percent in April of 2012 and a record low of -2.41 percent in February of 2010. This page provides the latest reported value for - Brunei Food Inflation - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Consumer Price Index Cpi in Brunei increased to 99.20 points in November from 99.10 points in October of 2019. Consumer Price Index Cpi in Brunei averaged 99.34 points from 2015 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 100.70 points in December of 2015 and a record low of 98.40 points in June of 2019. This page provides - Brunei Consumer Price Index Cpi- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Brunei thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Brunei as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Capacity Utilization in China remained unchanged at 76.80 percent in the third quarter of 2017 from 76.80 percent in the second quarter of 2017. Capacity Utilization in China averaged 74.99 percent from 2013 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 76.80 percent in the fourth quarter of 2013 and a record low of 72.90 percent in the first quarter of 2016. This page provides - China Capacity Utilization- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Capacity Utilization in the United Kingdom decreased to 55.10 percent in the second quarter of 2020 from 79.20 percent in the first quarter of 2020. Capacity Utilization in the United Kingdom averaged 72.86 percent from 1958 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 85.20 percent in the second quarter of 1988 and a record low of 38 percent in the first quarter of 1965. Capacity utilization rate is used to measure the rate at which potential output levels are being met or used. This page provides the latest reported value for - United Kingdom Capacity Utilization - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Indonesia's tax-to-GDP ratio was 11.5% in 2017, below the OECD average (34.2%) by 22.7 percentage points, and also below the LAC and Africa (21)* averages (22.8% and 18.2%, respectively).

This country note explains how Indonesia taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

Internet Speed in Malawi decreased to 1308.79 KBps in the first quarter of 2017 from 1447.86 KBps in the fourth quarter of 2016. Internet Speed in Malawi averaged 825.29 KBps from 2007 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 1909.80 KBps in the fourth quarter of 2014 and a record low of 86.23 KBps in the third quarter of 2009. This page includes a chart with historical data for MalawiInternet Speed.

Deposit Interest Rate in Malawi decreased to 9.95 percent in the first quarter of 2017 from 11.41 percent in the fourth quarter of 2016. Deposit Interest Rate in Malawi averaged 15.43 percent from 1980 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 42 percent in the third quarter of 1995 and a record low of 3.50 percent in the first quarter of 2008. The Deposit Interest Rate is the average rate paid by commercial banks to individuals or corporations on deposits. This page includes a chart with historical data for Deposit Interest Rate in Malawi.

Government Spending in Malawi increased to 139966.40 MWK Million in 2018 from 134737.90 MWK Million in 2017. Government Spending in Malawi averaged 90742.62 MWK Million from 2002 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 139966.40 MWK Million in 2018 and a record low of 27173.70 MWK Million in 2002. Government Spending refers to public expenditure on goods and services and is a major component of the GDP. Government spending policies like setting up budget targets, adjusting taxation, increasing public expenditure and public works are very effective tools in influencing economic growth. This page provides - Malawi Government Spending - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Malawi scored 31 points out of 100 on the 2019 Corruption Perceptions Index reported by Transparency International. Corruption Index in Malawi averaged 32.27 Points from 1998 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 41 Points in 1999 and a record low of 27 Points in 2006. The Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries and territories based on how corrupt their public sector is perceived to be. A country or territory’s score indicates the perceived level of public sector corruption on a scale of 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean). This page provides the latest reported value for - Malawi Corruption Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Cpi Housing Utilities in Malawi increased to 112.13 points in March from 112.10 points in February of 2020. Cpi Housing Utilities in Malawi averaged 108.30 points from 2017 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 112.13 points in March of 2020 and a record low of 100 points in December of 2017. This page provides - Malawi Cpi Housing Utilities- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Malawi thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Malawi as reported by major credit rating agencies.

The Personal Income Tax Rate in Isle of Man stands at 20 percent. Personal Income Tax Rate in Isle of Man averaged 19.29 percent from 2004 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 20 percent in 2010 and a record low of 18 percent in 2005. In Isle of Man, the Personal Income Tax Rate is a tax collected from individuals and is imposed on different sources of income like labour, pensions, interest and dividends. The benchmark we use refers to the Top Marginal Tax Rate for individuals. Revenues from the Personal Income Tax Rate are an important source of income for the government of Isle of Man. This page provides - Isle of Man Personal Income Tax Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Isle of Man stands at N/A with n/a outlook. Moody's credit rating for Isle of Man was last set at Aa2 with negative outlook. This page provides - Isle Of Man Credit Rating- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Internet Speed in Mali decreased to 773.93 KBps in the first quarter of 2017 from 1029.88 KBps in the fourth quarter of 2016. Internet Speed in Mali averaged 475.52 KBps from 2007 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 1029.88 KBps in the fourth quarter of 2016 and a record low of 235.49 KBps in the third quarter of 2010. This page includes a chart with historical data for MaliInternet Speed.

Terrorism Index in Mali increased to 6.65 in 2018 from 6.02 in 2017. Terrorism Index in Mali averaged 3.41 from 2002 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 6.65 in 2018 and a record low of 0 in 2003. The Global Terrorism Index measures the direct and indirect impact of terrorism, including its effects on lives lost, injuries, property damage and the psychological aftereffects. It is a composite score that ranks countries according to the impact of terrorism from 0 (no impact) to 10 (highest impact).

The benchmark interest rate in Mali was last recorded at 4.50 percent. Interest Rate in Mali averaged 4.03 percent from 2010 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 4.50 percent in December of 2016 and a record low of 3.50 percent in September of 2013. Mali is a member of the Economic and Monetary Community of West Africa (UEMOA). In UEMOA, interest rates decisions are taken by the Central Bank of West African States’ Monetary Policy Committee. The Central Bank of West African States’ official rate is the key interest rate. This page provides - Mali Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Cpi Housing Utilities in Mali increased to 109.50 points in March from 109.20 points in February of 2020. Cpi Housing Utilities in Mali averaged 109.73 points from 2011 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 119.90 points in October of 2015 and a record low of 99.20 points in January of 2012. This page provides - Mali Cpi Housing Utilities- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Moody's credit rating for Mali was last set at B3 with stable outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Mali thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Mali as reported by major credit rating agencies.

Exports to Ukraine in Turkey increased to 186.33 USD Million in March from 166.37 USD Million in February of 2020. Exports to Ukraine in Turkey averaged 121.87 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 307.36 USD Million in November of 2019 and a record low of 0 USD Million in April of 2014. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Ukraine.

Exports to Finland in Turkey increased to 27762.12 USD THO in March from 26018.43 USD THO in February of 2020. Exports to Finland in Turkey averaged 25811.41 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 37980 USD THO in July of 2014 and a record low of 17524 USD THO in May of 2015. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Finland.

Exports to Bosnia and Herzegovina in Turkey decreased to 37724.98 USD THO in March from 38450.79 USD THO in February of 2020. Exports to Bosnia and Herzegovina in Turkey averaged 30172.93 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 43082.23 USD THO in March of 2019 and a record low of 14414.72 USD THO in January of 2016. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to Bosnia And Herzegovina.

Exports to China in Turkey increased to 184.61 USD Million in March from 143.62 USD Million in February of 2020. Exports to China in Turkey averaged 220.81 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 308.92 USD Million in August of 2017 and a record low of 107.07 USD Million in February of 2016. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Exports to China.

Imports from Ukraine in Turkey decreased to 186.80 USD Million in March from 209.93 USD Million in February of 2020. Imports from Ukraine in Turkey averaged 247.26 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 417.39 USD Million in May of 2014 and a record low of 145 USD Million in August of 2018. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from Ukraine.

Imports from Spain in Turkey increased to 380.10 USD Million in March from 378.42 USD Million in February of 2020. Imports from Spain in Turkey averaged 457.69 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 664.64 USD Million in July of 2018 and a record low of 290.78 USD Million in February of 2019. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from Spain.

Imports from Singapore in Turkey increased to 38721.40 USD THO in March from 22694.44 USD THO in February of 2020. Imports from Singapore in Turkey averaged 28975.83 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 54971 USD THO in February of 2015 and a record low of 12943.73 USD THO in June of 2019. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from Singapore.

Imports from Indonesia in Turkey decreased to 95684.37 USD THO in March from 99754.61 USD THO in February of 2020. Imports from Indonesia in Turkey averaged 124623.82 USD THO from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 206809 USD THO in August of 2014 and a record low of 81455.84 USD THO in December of 2018. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from Indonesia.

Imports from India in Turkey increased to 438.52 USD Million in March from 417.41 USD Million in February of 2020. Imports from India in Turkey averaged 529.98 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 830.23 USD Million in July of 2018 and a record low of 402.83 USD Million in September of 2016. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from India.

Imports from Finland in Turkey increased to 92.88 USD Million in March from 63.49 USD Million in February of 2020. Imports from Finland in Turkey averaged 80.31 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 111.07 USD Million in January of 2016 and a record low of 50.57 USD Million in November of 2016. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from Finland.

Imports from China in Turkey decreased to 1386.12 USD Million in March from 1624.88 USD Million in February of 2020. Imports from China in Turkey averaged 1896.81 USD Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 2602.18 USD Million in June of 2016 and a record low of 1275.68 USD Million in June of 2019. This page includes a chart with historical data for Turkey Imports from China.

This country note explains how India taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

India is set for a modest recovery after a loss of momentum, as reforms to simplify taxation, lighten business regulations and upgrade infrastructure start to bear fruit. Further reforms to modernise the economy are now needed to drive the creation of high-quality jobs, as well as measures to improve public services and welfare, according to a new OECD report.