Cousineau, Robert Henri

Lam, Harry C. S

Pickover, Clifford A

Morrell, Sachiko Kaneko, 1930-

Badger, Michael

Badger, Michael

Sawyer, R. Keith (Robert Keith)

This study develops and validates a quantitative method to predict the pulmonary to systemic flow ratio in patients with congenital heart disease from chest radiographs using deep learning.

To the Editor We read the recent article by Klauser et al with great interest. While the potential implications of the findings are exciting, we have several concerns. First, the authors do not explicitly state whether electrocardiogram gating was used in their study. This is an important detail because cardiac motion artifact is a source of artifactual coloration with dual-energy computed tomography (DECT), particularly with dual-source scanners given the approximately 80-millisecond temporal difference between the 2 radiography beams. Furthermore, beam hardening artifact from calcified atheromas and partial volume effect, known sources of artifacts in the 2-material decomposition algorithm of DECT, may largely explain the findings. While patients with gout had higher prevalence of coronary calcification (55 of 59 patients [93%]) and cardiovascular monosodium urate (MSU) deposition (51 of 59 patients [86%]) than controls, the authors do not report whether the 4 patients with gout without coronary calcifications exhibited MSU deposition nor the number of controls or cadaveric hearts with coronary calcification. The images from the article show areas of green pixelization occurring adjacent to calcified plaques on grayscale computed tomography images (eg, Figure 2A and D, left anterior descending artery [yellow arrowhead]), which would favor this artifact hypothesis without additional data.

In Reply We appreciate the valuable comments of Becce et al on our article. We applied prospective electrocardiography gating using a thin-slice cardiac protocol to ensure highest spatial resolution with minimal motion artifact. A noncontrast electrocardiography-gated computed tomography (CT) examination with standardized scan parameters was performed using a 128-slice dual-source CT (SOMATOM Definition Flash; Siemens) with a detector collimation of 2 × 64 × 0.6 mm, rotation time of 0.28 seconds, and prospective electrocardiography triggering for heart rates less than 65 beats per minute (diastolic padding, 70% of RR interval) and more than 65 beats per minute (systolic padding, 40% of RR interval). Axial images were reconstructed with 0.75-mm slice width, increment of 0.5, and a medium-smooth convolution kernel (B26f). When motion artifact was present, it was distinguished by visual analysis of an experienced observer and colorized pixels related to motion were excluded.

As polls come closer arrows are flying thicker, faster, sharper. Some are of time-honoured design, others quite modern. Included in the first category is flaming a party leader as communal or dissing her for being in the Italians’ pocket.

Australia. Parliament. Senate. Select Committee on Murray-Darling Basin Plan, author, issuing body

Murray-Darling Basin Authority (Australia), author, issuing body

Murray-Darling Basin Authority (Australia)

Hardt, Judith Nora, author

Sverdrup, Keith A., author

Australia. Parliament. Senate. Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport References Committee, author, issuing body

Australia. Parliament. Senate. Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport References Committee, author, issuing body

Australia. Parliament. Senate. Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport Legislation Committee, author, issuing body

Australia. Productivity Commission, author, issuing body

Clavijo, Katherine, author

Singh, Ashok K., author

Shah, Monali, author

Authorities in Telangana have identified 36 units dealing with industrial gases and will carry out an audit of these industries considering the gas leak at LG Polymers in Visakhapatnam.

Hayden Library - TP331.B55 2017

Online Resource

Online Resource

Barker Library - TP1151.L37 S3613 2018

Online Resource

Online Resource

Online Resource