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Justin Bieber, Hailey Baldwin open their lives for candid new series

Justin Bieber and his wife Hailey Baldwin are opening up in an intimate series for Facebook Watch in which they discuss their marriage, their problems and their lives together.




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Research volunteers won't be told of their coronavirus genetic risk

Half a million people taking part in the UK Biobank, which gathers genetic information for researchers to study, won't be told if they turn out to be genetically vulnerable to the coronavirus




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Analysis of 85 animals reveals which are best at holding their alcohol

Humans, chimpanzees, gorillas and bats have evolved to be good at metabolising alcohol, according to a study that suggests many mammals can get drunk




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Men are worse than women at estimating their height and weight

We tend to overestimate our height and underestimate our weight to fit society’s ideals, or because we think we're still the same as our younger selves




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Low-Income Mothers May Overfeed Their Infants

Title: Low-Income Mothers May Overfeed Their Infants
Category: Health News
Created: 4/28/2012 10:05:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2012 12:00:00 AM




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Health Tip: Keeping Seniors on Their Feet

Title: Health Tip: Keeping Seniors on Their Feet
Category: Health News
Created: 4/29/2014 7:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/29/2014 12:00:00 AM




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Calling Young Girls 'Fat' May Increase Their Teen-Obesity Risk

Title: Calling Young Girls 'Fat' May Increase Their Teen-Obesity Risk
Category: Health News
Created: 4/29/2014 2:36:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2014 12:00:00 AM




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Phone-Focused Parents a Danger to Their Kids at Playground

Title: Phone-Focused Parents a Danger to Their Kids at Playground
Category: Health News
Created: 4/25/2015 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/27/2015 12:00:00 AM




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Kids of Older Moms May Have a Leg Up on Their Peers

Title: Kids of Older Moms May Have a Leg Up on Their Peers
Category: Health News
Created: 4/29/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/29/2016 12:00:00 AM




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'Dr. Google' May Undermine Parents' Trust in Their Pediatrician

Title: 'Dr. Google' May Undermine Parents' Trust in Their Pediatrician
Category: Health News
Created: 5/5/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/5/2017 12:00:00 AM




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2 in 3 Women Unhappy With Their Breast Size. Could That Harm Their Health?

Title: 2 in 3 Women Unhappy With Their Breast Size. Could That Harm Their Health?
Category: Health News
Created: 2/6/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 2/6/2020 12:00:00 AM




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Can Men Dine Their Way to Higher Sperm Counts?

Title: Can Men Dine Their Way to Higher Sperm Counts?
Category: Health News
Created: 2/21/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 2/24/2020 12:00:00 AM




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More than Simple Parasites: the Sociobiology of Bacteriophages and Their Bacterial Hosts

ABSTRACT

Bacteria harbor viruses called bacteriophages that, like all viruses, co-opt the host cellular machinery to replicate. Although this relationship is at first glance parasitic, there are social interactions among and between bacteriophages and their bacterial hosts. These social interactions can take on many forms, including cooperation, altruism, and cheating. Such behaviors among individuals in groups of bacteria have been well described. However, the social nature of some interactions between phages or phages and bacteria is only now becoming clear. We are just beginning to understand how bacteriophages affect the sociobiology of bacteria, and we know even less about social interactions within bacteriophage populations. In this review, we discuss recent developments in our understanding of bacteriophage sociobiology, including how selective pressures influence the outcomes of social interactions between populations of bacteria and bacteriophages. We also explore how tripartite social interactions between bacteria, bacteriophages, and an animal host affect host-microbe interactions. Finally, we argue that understanding the sociobiology of bacteriophages will have implications for the therapeutic use of bacteriophages to treat bacterial infections.




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The Occurrence of Sulfated Salicinoids in Poplar and Their Formation by Sulfotransferase1

Salicinoids form a specific class of phenolic glycosides characteristic of the Salicaceae. Although salicinoids accumulate in large amounts and have been shown to be involved in plant defense, their biosynthesis is unclear. We identified two sulfated salicinoids, salicin-7-sulfate and salirepin-7-sulfate, in black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa). Both compounds accumulated in high amounts in above-ground tissues including leaves, petioles, and stems, but were also found at lower concentrations in roots. A survey of salicin-7-sulfate and salirepin-7-sulfate in a subset of poplar (Populus sp.) and willow (Salix sp.) species revealed a broader distribution within the Salicaceae. To elucidate the formation of these compounds, we studied the sulfotransferase (SOT) gene family in P. trichocarpa (PtSOT). One of the identified genes, PtSOT1, was shown to encode an enzyme able to convert salicin and salirepin into salicin-7-sulfate and salirepin-7-sulfate, respectively. The expression of PtSOT1 in different organs of P. trichocarpa matched the accumulation of sulfated salicinoids in planta. Moreover, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of SOT1 in gray poplar (Populus x canescens) resulted in decreased levels of sulfated salicinoids in comparison to wild-type plants, indicating that SOT1 is responsible for their formation in planta. The presence of a nonfunctional SOT1 allele in black poplar (Populus nigra) was shown to correlate with the absence of salicin-7-sulfate and salirepin-7-sulfate in this species. Food choice experiments with leaves from wild-type and SOT1 knockdown trees suggest that sulfated salicinoids do not affect the feeding preference of the generalist caterpillar Lymantria dispar. A potential role of the sulfated salicinoids in sulfur storage and homeostasis is discussed.




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Metal ions confinement defines the architecture of G-quartet, G-quadruplex fibrils and their assembly into nematic tactoids [Chemistry]

G-quadruplex, assembled from a square array of guanine (G) molecules, is an important structure with crucial biological roles in vivo but also a versatile template for ordered functional materials. Although the understanding of G-quadruplex structures is the focus of numerous studies, little is known regarding the control of G-quartet stacking...




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Correction to "Quantitative Proteomics of Clinically Relevant Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes and Drug Transporters and Their Intercorrelations in the Human Small Intestine" [Errata]




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Redefinition of the Ligurian Units at the Alps-Apennines junction (NW Italy) and their role in the evolution of the Ligurian accretionary wedge: constraints from melanges and broken formations

We document that the undifferentiated chaotic Ligurian Units of the Monferrato–Torino Hill sector (MO-TH) at the Alps–Apennines junction consist of three different units that are comparable with the Cassio, Caio and Sporno Units of the External Ligurian Units of the Northern Apennines. Their internal stratigraphy reflects the character of units deposited in an ocean–continent transition (OCT) zone between the northwestern termination of the Ligurian–Piedmont oceanic basin and the thinned passive margin of Adria microcontinent. The inherited wedge-shaped architecture of this OCT, which gradually closed toward the north in the present-day Canavese Zone, controlled the Late Cretaceous–early Eocene flysch deposition at the trench of the External Ligurian accretionary wedge during the oblique subduction. This favoured the formation of an accretionary wedge increasing in thickness and elevation toward the SE, from the MO-TH to the Emilia Northern Apennines. Our results therefore provide significant information on both the palaeogeographical reconstruction of the northwestern termination of the Ligurian–Piedmont oceanic basin and the role played by inherited along-strike variations (stratigraphy, structural architecture and morphology) of OCT zones in controlling subduction–accretionary processes.

Supplementary material: A spreadsheet with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry whole-rock major and trace element composition of mantle peridotites, and photomicrographs of mantle peridotites are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4519643




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Arabidopsis retrotransposon virus-like particles and their regulation by epigenetically activated small RNA [RESEARCH]

In Arabidopsis, LTR retrotransposons are activated by mutations in the chromatin gene DECREASE in DNA METHYLATION 1 (DDM1), giving rise to 21- to 22-nt epigenetically activated siRNA (easiRNA) that depend on RNA DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE 6 (RDR6). We purified virus-like particles (VLPs) from ddm1 and ddm1rdr6 mutants in which genomic RNA is reverse transcribed into complementary DNA. High-throughput short-read and long-read sequencing of VLP DNA (VLP DNA-seq) revealed a comprehensive catalog of active LTR retrotransposons without the need for mapping transposition, as well as independent of genomic copy number. Linear replication intermediates of the functionally intact COPIA element EVADE revealed multiple central polypurine tracts (cPPTs), a feature shared with HIV in which cPPTs promote nuclear localization. For one member of the ATCOPIA52 subfamily (SISYPHUS), cPPT intermediates were not observed, but abundant circular DNA indicated transposon "suicide" by auto-integration within the VLP. easiRNA targeted EVADE genomic RNA, polysome association of GYPSY (ATHILA) subgenomic RNA, and transcription via histone H3 lysine-9 dimethylation. VLP DNA-seq provides a comprehensive landscape of LTR retrotransposons and their control at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and reverse transcriptional levels.




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New developments in field-portable geochemical techniques and on-site technologies and their place in mineral exploration

This paper focuses on handheld and top-of-hole techniques which have appeared since 2007 or have undergone major improvements, and discusses their benefits, challenges and pitfalls, why we use them and what to expect from them. There is an ongoing need to be innovative with the way we undertake mineral exploration. Recent technological advances that have been applied to successful mineral exploration include on-site or portable instruments, on-site laboratory technologies, various core scanners, and technologies for fluid analysis. Portable or field technologies such as pXRF, pXRD, pNIR-SWIR, µRaman and LIBS aid in obtaining chemical and mineralogical information. Spectral gamma tools, a well-known technology, recently took advantage of improved ground and airborne (drone) instruments, to complement hyperspectral imagery. At mine and exploration sites, top-of-hole sensing technologies, such as Lab-at-Rig® and various core scanners (both spectral- and XRF-based) have become useful tools to analyse metres of core as it is being drilled. Fluid analyses are not as common as analyses of solid materials, but there are advances in such technologies as anodic stripping voltammetry, polarography and ion-exchange electrodes aiming for analysis of commodity or environmentally important elements.

Field-portable geochemical techniques and on-site technologies now offer instant response and flexibility for most exploration tasks. By providing relevant data within minutes, they allow safer field decisions and focus on the most promising finds, while saving valuable resources in sampling grids or drilling. More efficient laboratory analysis programs are supported by sample screening and homogeneity checking on-site. Field analyses are not always as accurate as laboratory ones, but most of the time can be correlated with them, enabling reliable decisions. The level of confidence in field-made decisions needs to be compared between later and less numerous laboratory analyses, and less precise but more abundant and immediate field analyses. It may be demonstrated that, in many cases, the fit–for-purpose nature of the latter allows a better confidence level. Quality compromises associated with field analyses can be reduced by the application of better sample preparation and quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) procedures. Most of the further development of on-site chemical analysis is expected to be based on its integration with lab methods and on sound QA/QC practice, allowing a precise evaluation of its confidence level and uncertainties. Mineralogical analyses are constrained by our ability to interpret the data in near-real time but offer promising approaches in both surface and drilling exploration campaigns.

Thematic collection: This article is part of the Exploration 17 collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/exploration-17




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The supportive care needs of people living with pulmonary fibrosis and their caregivers: a systematic review

Background

People with pulmonary fibrosis often experience a protracted time to diagnosis, high symptom burden and limited disease information. This review aimed to identify the supportive care needs reported by people with pulmonary fibrosis and their caregivers.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies that investigated the supportive care needs of people with pulmonary fibrosis or their caregivers were included. Supportive care needs were extracted and mapped to eight pre-specified domains using a framework synthesis method.

Results

A total of 35 studies were included. The most frequently reported needs were in the domain of information/education, including information on supplemental oxygen, disease progression and prognosis, pharmacological treatments and end-of-life planning. Psychosocial/emotional needs were also frequently reported, including management of anxiety, anger, sadness and fear. An additional domain of "access to care" was identified that had not been specified a priori; this included access to peer support, psychological support, specialist centres and support for families of people with pulmonary fibrosis.

Conclusion

People with pulmonary fibrosis report many unmet needs for supportive care, particularly related to insufficient information and lack of psychosocial support. These data can inform the development of comprehensive care models for people with pulmonary fibrosis and their loved ones.




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Books: Pain and Prejudice: a Call to Arms for Women and Their Bodies




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Identifying Outcomes Important to Patients with Glomerular Disease and Their Caregivers

Background and objectives

Shared decision making in patients with glomerular disease remains challenging because outcomes important to patients remain largely unknown. We aimed to identify and prioritize outcomes important to patients and caregivers and to describe reasons for their choices.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We purposively sampled adult patients with glomerular disease and their caregivers from Australia, Hong Kong, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Participants identified, discussed, and ranked outcomes in focus groups using the nominal group technique; a relative importance score (between zero and one) was calculated. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically.

Results

Across 16 focus groups, 134 participants (range, 19–85 years old; 51% women), including 101 patients and 33 caregivers, identified 58 outcomes. The ten highest-ranked outcomes were kidney function (importance score of 0.42), mortality (0.29), need for dialysis or transplant (0.22), life participation (0.18), fatigue (0.17), anxiety (0.13), family impact (0.12), infection and immunity (0.12), ability to work (0.11), and BP (0.11). Three themes explained the reasons for these rankings: constraining day-to-day experience, impaired agency and control over health, and threats to future health and family.

Conclusions

Patients with glomerular disease and their caregivers highly prioritize kidney health and survival, but they also prioritize life participation, fatigue, anxiety, and family impact.




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Education makes people take their medication: myth or maxim?

It is a source of frustration to many clinicians: you know what the patient's problem is, you know that effective and safe treatment is available, you've explained the disease and its causative mechanisms, the treatment and its principles, and the importance of taking the controller medication daily, you've prescribed this highly effective therapy and you've approached the patient with respect and patience, yet somehow the patient does not take the medication. When this patient has another exacerbation, you know it could have been prevented by following your advice and taking the medication.




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Co-occurrence of Plasmid-Mediated Tigecycline and Carbapenem Resistance in Acinetobacter spp. from Waterfowls and Their Neighboring Environment [Epidemiology and Surveillance]

Tigecycline serves as one of the antibiotics of last resort to treat multidrug-resistant (including carbapenem-resistant) pathogens. However, the recently emerged plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance mechanism, Tet(X), challenges the clinical efficacy of this class of antibiotics. In this study, we detected 180 tet(X)-harboring Acinetobacter isolates (8.9%, n = 180) from 2,018 samples collected from avian farms and adjacent environments in China. Eighteen tet(X)-harboring isolates (10.0%) were found to cocarry the carbapenemase gene blaNDM-1, mostly from waterfowl samples (94.4%, 17/18). Interestingly, among six Acinetobacter strains, tet(X) and blaNDM-1 were found to colocalize on the same plasmids. Moreover, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed a novel orthologue of tet(X) in the six isolates coharboring tet(X) and blaNDM-1. Inverse PCR suggested that the two tet(X) genes form a single transposable unit and may be cotransferred. Sequence comparison between six tet(X)- and blaNDM-1-coharboring plasmids showed that they shared a highly homologous plasmid backbone even though they were isolated from different Acinetobacter species (three from Acinetobacter indicus, two from Acinetobacter schindleri, and one from Acinetobacter lwoffii) from various sources and from different geological regions, suggesting the horizontal genetic transfer of a common tet(X)- and blaNDM-1-coharboring plasmid among Acinetobacter species in China. Emergence and spread of such plasmids and strains are of great clinical concern, and measures must be implemented to avoid their dissemination.




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Distribution of Highly Prevalent Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association With Diabetes Complications in a Population of 140 Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes: A Retrospective Study in a French Diabetes Center

Although they are usually not considered to be diabetes complications, musculoskeletal disorders (MSKDs) are common in individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and can strongly interfere with daily diabetes care, especially in people using diabetes technologies. The authors of this retrospective study in a population of 140 patients with type 1 diabetes report the distribution of subtypes of MSKDs and speculate about the mechanisms involved. The authors emphasize the need for multidisciplinary care involving not only the diabetes care team but also orthopedic surgeons. This report should lead to large, prospective studies to increase knowledge about these under-studied complications.




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Millennials should not spend all their money on buying home

Nguyen Tran Nam, former Deputy Minister of Construction, also President of the Vietnam Real Estate Association (VNREA) says in comparison to buying, renting a home is a better solution for young Vietnamese.




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People will sell access to their fingerprints for just $7.56 a month

We are increasingly aware that our personal data is a valuable commodity – but just how valuable? A survey has revealed how much people are willing to sell their data for




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Why people become strangely attached to their robot vacuum cleaners

Kate Darling researches human-robot interaction. She explains why we are prone to forming emotional connections with robots and what we can learn from our relationships with pets and other animals




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Pandemic Robots Deployed in Singapore Parks to Remind Humans of Their Own Mortality

As well as announcing reminders to stay away from each other, the robots also estimate how many people are in the park at any given time.




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Supermassive stars may have formed by repeatedly eating their siblings

Some black holes are way bigger than we can explain, and they may have come from supermassive stars that formed by devouring the other stars around them




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RPGCast – Episode 489: “Fulfilling Their Destiny”

Before the rush of releases at the end of January, we talk about your feedback, our briefs turn into longer discussions, and we get really confused about a new...farming...eSport?!




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Police stop fewer black drivers at night when a 'veil of darkness' obscures their race

After analyzing 95 million traffic stop records, filed by officers with 21 state patrol agencies and 35 municipal police forces from 2011 to 2018, researchers concluded that 'police stops and search decisions suffer from persistent racial bias.'




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Breastfed babies have fewer viruses in their guts that affect humans

Early in life, babies gain billions of viruses that target gut bacteria – but breastfed babies are less likely to pick up viruses that infect human cells




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Wuhan’s covid-19 crisis: Intensive care doctors share their stories

Three doctors reveal what it was like at the heart of Hubei province’s coronavirus crisis, as the epidemic peaked in Wuhan and spread elsewhere




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Research volunteers won't be told of their coronavirus genetic risk

Half a million people taking part in the UK Biobank, which gathers genetic information for researchers to study, won't be told if they turn out to be genetically vulnerable to the coronavirus




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Men are worse than women at estimating their height and weight

We tend to overestimate our height and underestimate our weight to fit society’s ideals, or because we think we're still the same as our younger selves




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'Honour their legacy': Sask. premier, lieutenant-governor mark 75th anniversary of VE Day

Canadian forces were involved in "six long years of fighting," Lt-Gov. Russ Mirasty said, urging people to take a moment to "remember them and to honour their legacy of peace."




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Bundesliga returns - Can Dortmund end their title drought?




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Invasive 'comb' jellyfish cannibalize their young when food is scarce, study reveals

An strange, invasive species of jellyfish in Europe eats its own young when food is low, a new study claims.




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Elon Musk has corrected Grimes' explanation of their son's name

Singer Grimes, 32, took to Twitter to explain where X Æ A-12, the unusual moniker she and Musk chose for their son, came from, writing: "X, the unknown variable




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When Illness Strikes, Vampire Bat Moms Will Still Socialize With Their Kids

Studying how bats behave when they’re feeling ill could help researchers better understand how pathogens move through close-knit populations




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Robots to the rescue! Arizona students in lockdown will still get their graduation day

Juili Kale's dreams to receive her master's degree diploma in a ceremony cheered on by her family were dashed by the coronavirus - until robots came to the rescue.




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Justin Bieber, Hailey Baldwin open their lives for candid new series

Justin Bieber and his wife Hailey Baldwin are opening up in an intimate series for Facebook Watch in which they discuss their marriage, their problems and their lives together.




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'Gorgeous' couple who dedicated their lives to others die within a fortnight of each other after contracting Covid-19

Follow our LIVE updates about the coronavirus outbreak here Coronavirus: The symptoms




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Dr Hilary urges people not to wash their cars during lockdown

Follow our live updates HERE Coronavirus: The symptoms




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Fitness club members raise thousands for domestic violence charity just by running in their gardens

A 32-strong team of women have joined others in using the coronavirus lockdown as an opportunity of raising thousands of pounds for charity.




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Hermes delivery drivers snap hilarious pictures of people with their parcels under new coronavirus measures

Coronavirus: the symptoms Read our LIVE updates on the coronavirus here




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Family in Australia hilariously recreate 15-hour flight to Germany in their living room

Coronavirus: the symptoms Follow our live updates here




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Sales surge at Mr Kipling maker as shoppers stock up their cupboards during coronavirus lockdown




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Twitter down as thousands of users experience issues accessing their feeds

Twitter is down for a large number of users leaving them unable to load posts.