Tax and fiscal policy responses are playing a critical role in limiting the hardship caused by containment measures, and should continue to do so as governments seek to support households and businesses, protect employment and pursue economic recovery from the global pandemic, according to new OECD analysis.

Recent decades have seen rapid growth of advanced digital technologies, including high-speed computing, big data, artificial intelligence, the internet-of-things and blockchain. This “digital revolution” creates significant opportunities for all levels of government to improve the delivery of public goods and services, and to raise more and better revenue.

Latest data on tax policy measures taken by governments so far in response to the coronavirus pandemic.

Exports of (bop) - Dairy Products in Canada increased to 50.70 CAD Million in March from 43.10 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports of (bop) - Dairy Products in Canada averaged 24.84 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 56.20 CAD Million in January of 2003 and a record low of 3.10 CAD Million in April of 1988. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Dairy Products.

Exports of (bop) - Dyes and Pigments, Petrochemic in Canada decreased to 263.60 CAD Million in March from 266.30 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports of (bop) - Dyes and Pigments, Petrochemic in Canada averaged 211.17 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 455.80 CAD Million in July of 2008 and a record low of 46 CAD Million in June of 1992. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Dyes And Pigments, Petrochemic.

Exports of (bop) - Electricity in Canada increased to 177 CAD Million in March from 167.80 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports of (bop) - Electricity in Canada averaged 175.29 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 691.10 CAD Million in February of 2001 and a record low of 26 CAD Million in February of 1991. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Electricity.

Exports of (bop) - Energy Products in Canada decreased to 8191.40 CAD Million in March from 8547.60 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports of (bop) - Energy Products in Canada averaged 5138.49 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 12104 CAD Million in July of 2008 and a record low of 886 CAD Million in September of 1988. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Energy Products.

Exports (Bop) - Fabric, Fibre And Yarn, Leather And Dressed Furs in Canada decreased to 96.20 CAD Million in March from 97.30 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports (Bop) - Fabric, Fibre And Yarn, Leather An in Canada averaged 114.30 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 203.80 CAD Million in July of 2001 and a record low of 28.20 CAD Million in July of 1989. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Fabric, Fibre And Yarn, Leathe.

Exports (Bop) - Forestry Products&Building&Packaging Materials in Canada increased to 3479 CAD Million in March from 3391.40 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports (Bop) - Forestry Products&Building&Packagi in Canada averaged 3120.28 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 4531.80 CAD Million in May of 2004 and a record low of 1596 CAD Million in October of 1991. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Forestry Products&building&pac.

Exports (Bop) - Industrial Machinery, Equipment And Parts in Canada decreased to 3216.10 CAD Million in March from 3433.70 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports (Bop) - Industrial Machinery, Equipment An in Canada averaged 1857.42 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 3544.10 CAD Million in August of 2019 and a record low of 469 CAD Million in January of 1988. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Industrial Machinery, Equipmen.

Exports (Bop) - Logging, Mining&Construction Machinery&Equipment in Canada decreased to 161.90 CAD Million in March from 182.40 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports (Bop) - Logging, Mining&Construction Machi in Canada averaged 110.67 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 200 CAD Million in June of 2018 and a record low of 26 CAD Million in January of 1992. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Logging, Mining&construction M.

Exports (Bop) - Medium&Heavy Trucks, Buses&Other Motor Vehicles in Canada decreased to 497.40 CAD Million in March from 544.70 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports (Bop) - Medium&Heavy Trucks, Buses&Other M in Canada averaged 341.06 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 776.40 CAD Million in May of 1999 and a record low of 105.70 CAD Million in August of 1992. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Medium&heavy Trucks, Buses&oth.

Exports of (bop) - Metalworking Machinery in Canada increased to 27.50 CAD Million in March from 21.10 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports of (bop) - Metalworking Machinery in Canada averaged 27.46 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 63.10 CAD Million in October of 1997 and a record low of 4.40 CAD Million in July of 1989. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Metalworking Machinery.

Exports (Bop) - Commercial And Service Industry Machinery in Canada decreased to 289.80 CAD Million in March from 378.80 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports (Bop) - Commercial And Service Industry Ma in Canada averaged 178.65 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 438.80 CAD Million in March of 2001 and a record low of 38 CAD Million in December of 1991. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Commercial And Service Industr.

Exports (Bop) - Agricultural, Lawn&Garden Machinery&Equipment in Canada increased to 123.10 CAD Million in March from 115.60 CAD Million in February of 2020. Exports (Bop) - Agricultural, Lawn&Garden Machiner in Canada averaged 90.02 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 173.60 CAD Million in November of 1997 and a record low of 42.20 CAD Million in October of 1991. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Exports of (bop) - Agricultural, Lawn&garden Mach.

Imports (Bop) - Unwrought Precious Metals&Precious Metal Alloys in Canada increased to 318 CAD Million in March from 296.60 CAD Million in February of 2020. Imports (Bop) - Unwrought Precious Metals&Precious in Canada averaged 284.46 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 1207.90 CAD Million in July of 2011 and a record low of 16 CAD Million in February of 1992. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Imports of (bop) - Unwrought Precious Metals&prec.

Imports (Bop) - Unwrought Nickel And Nickel Alloys in Canada decreased to 11 CAD Million in March from 12.30 CAD Million in February of 2020. Imports (Bop) - Unwrought Nickel And Nickel Alloys in Canada averaged 12.49 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 69.40 CAD Million in May of 2014 and a record low of 0.20 CAD Million in August of 2009. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Imports of (bop) - Unwrought Nickel And Nickel Al.

Imports (Bop) - Unwrought Copper And Copper Alloys in Canada increased to 37.70 CAD Million in March from 29.20 CAD Million in February of 2020. Imports (Bop) - Unwrought Copper And Copper Alloys in Canada averaged 34.78 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 204.20 CAD Million in May of 2008 and a record low of 1.50 CAD Million in July of 1988. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Imports of (bop) - Unwrought Copper And Copper Al.

Imports (Bop) - Stone, Sand, Gravel, Clay,&Refractory Minerals in Canada increased to 55.10 CAD Million in March from 51.10 CAD Million in February of 2020. Imports (Bop) - Stone, Sand, Gravel, Clay,&Refract in Canada averaged 33.84 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 72.90 CAD Million in July of 2018 and a record low of 12.20 CAD Million in December of 1988. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Imports of (bop) - Stone, Sand, Gravel, Clay,&ref.

Imports (Bop) - Ships, Locomotives, Railway Rolling Stock in Canada decreased to 117.90 CAD Million in March from 184.70 CAD Million in February of 2020. Imports (Bop) - Ships, Locomotives, Railway Rollin in Canada averaged 66.09 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 648.50 CAD Million in August of 2018 and a record low of 0.40 CAD Million in November of 1992. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Imports of (bop) - Ships, Locomotives, Railway Ro.

Imports of (bop) - Refined Petroleum Energy Produ in Canada increased to 958.80 CAD Million in March from 910.80 CAD Million in February of 2020. Imports of (bop) - Refined Petroleum Energy Produ in Canada averaged 429.30 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 1651.50 CAD Million in May of 2018 and a record low of 32.80 CAD Million in February of 1992. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Imports of (bop) - Refined Petroleum Energy Produ.

Imports (Bop) - Parts Of Railway Rolling Stock&Other Transport in Canada increased to 100.60 CAD Million in March from 91.90 CAD Million in February of 2020. Imports (Bop) - Parts Of Railway Rolling Stock&Oth in Canada averaged 83.04 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 479.10 CAD Million in December of 2019 and a record low of 22.90 CAD Million in September of 1988. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Imports of (bop) - Parts of Railway Rolling Stock.

Imports of (bop) - Metalworking Machinery in Canada decreased to 102.50 CAD Million in March from 123.70 CAD Million in February of 2020. Imports of (bop) - Metalworking Machinery in Canada averaged 85.39 CAD Million from 1988 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 167.80 CAD Million in September of 1999 and a record low of 26.30 CAD Million in September of 1992. This page includes a chart with historical data for Canada Imports of (bop) - Metalworking Machinery.

Imports - Coins, Gems, Jewelry & Collectibles (Census Basis) in the United States decreased to 1531.35 USD Million in March from 2278.46 USD Million in February of 2020. Imports - Coins, Gems, Jewelry & Collectibles (Cen in the United States averaged 1516.51 USD Million from 1989 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 2899.82 USD Million in August of 2019 and a record low of 507.66 USD Million in May of 1989. This page includes a chart with historical data for the United States Imports of Coins, Gems, Jewelry & Collectibles.

Weapons Sales in Italy decreased to 611 USD Million in 2018 from 802 USD Million in 2017. Weapons Sales in Italy averaged 476.13 USD Million from 1950 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 1715 USD Million in 1981 and a record low of 1 USD Million in 1953. Weapons Sales are presented as a Trend-Indicator Value based on the known unit production costs of a core set of weapons such as aircraft, air defence systems, anti-submarine warfare weapons, armoured vehicles, artillery, engines, missiles, sensors, satellites, ships and others. The indicator aims to represent the transfer value of military resources rather than the financial value of the transfer.

Weapons Sales in Germany decreased to 1277 USD Million in 2018 from 1980 USD Million in 2017. Weapons Sales in Germany averaged 1314.27 USD Million from 1953 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 3311 USD Million in 2007 and a record low of 12 USD Million in 1961. Weapons Sales are presented as a Trend-Indicator Value based on the known unit production costs of a core set of weapons such as aircraft, air defence systems, anti-submarine warfare weapons, armoured vehicles, artillery, engines, missiles, sensors, satellites, ships and others. The indicator aims to represent the transfer value of military resources rather than the financial value of the transfer.

Weapons Sales in Turkey increased to 364 USD Million in 2018 from 245 USD Million in 2017. Weapons Sales in Turkey averaged 96.52 USD Million from 1980 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 364 USD Million in 2018 and a record low of 3 USD Million in 1995. Weapons Sales are presented as a Trend-Indicator Value based on the known unit production costs of a core set of weapons such as aircraft, air defence systems, anti-submarine warfare weapons, armoured vehicles, artillery, engines, missiles, sensors, satellites, ships and others. The indicator aims to represent the transfer value of military resources rather than the financial value of the transfer.

Weapons Sales in Norway decreased to 64 USD Million in 2018 from 153 USD Million in 2017. Weapons Sales in Norway averaged 73.24 USD Million from 1950 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 278 USD Million in 1981 and a record low of 1 USD Million in 1950. Weapons Sales are presented as a Trend-Indicator Value based on the known unit production costs of a core set of weapons such as aircraft, air defence systems, anti-submarine warfare weapons, armoured vehicles, artillery, engines, missiles, sensors, satellites, ships and others. The indicator aims to represent the transfer value of military resources rather than the financial value of the transfer.

Military Expenditure in Iraq decreased to 6200 USD Million in 2018 from 7416 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Iraq averaged 5051.20 USD Million from 2004 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 9536 USD Million in 2015 and a record low of 2037 USD Million in 2006.

Employment Rate in Iraq decreased to 28.20 percent in 2018 from 43.20 percent in 2016. Employment Rate in Iraq averaged 44.06 percent from 2003 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 49.72 percent in 2006 and a record low of 28.20 percent in 2018. In Iraq, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Iraq Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Iraq remained unchanged at 7.90 percent in 2019 from 7.90 percent in 2018. Unemployment Rate in Iraq averaged 8.92 percent from 1991 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 10.30 percent in 1991 and a record low of 7.90 percent in 2014. In Iraq, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Iraq Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in Gambia decreased to 11.30 USD Million in 2018 from 14.90 USD Million in 2015. Military Expenditure in Gambia averaged 4.45 USD Million from 1983 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 16.40 USD Million in 2014 and a record low of 0.70 USD Million in 1983.

Unemployment Rate in Gambia remained unchanged at 8.90 percent in 2019 from 8.90 percent in 2018. Unemployment Rate in Gambia averaged 9.79 percent from 1991 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 10.60 percent in 1999 and a record low of 8.90 percent in 2017. In Gambia, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - Gambia Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Cpi Housing Utilities in Gambia remained unchanged at 100.24 points in March from 100.24 points in February of 2020. Cpi Housing Utilities in Gambia averaged 172.88 points from 2011 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 216.06 points in December of 2019 and a record low of 100 points in January of 2020. This page provides - Gambia Cpi Housing Utilities- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Mr. Angel Gurría, Secretary-General of the OECD, will be in Santiago, Chile, on 14-15 October 2019 to attend the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Finance Ministers meeting.

This country note explains how Chile taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

This country note explains how Colombia taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

The tax-to-GDP ratio in Chile increased by 1.0 percentage points from 20.1% in 2017 to 21.1% in 2018. The corresponding figure for the OECD average was a slight increase of 0.1 percentage point from 34.2% to 34.3% over the same period.

The tax wedge for the average single worker in Chile remained the same at 7.0 percentage points between 2018 and 2019. The OECD average tax wedge in 2019 was 36.0 (2018, 36.1). In 2019 Chile had the lowest tax wedge among the 36 OECD member countries, occupying the same position in 2018.

Chile's tax-to-GDP ratio in 2018 (21.1%) was below the LAC average (23.1%)¹ in this year's Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean publication by 2.0 percentage points and below the OECD average (34.3%).

Military Expenditure in Burundi increased to 67 USD Million in 2018 from 64 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Burundi averaged 61.12 USD Million from 1965 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 106 USD Million in 2001 and a record low of 14 USD Million in 1965.

Money Supply M1 in Burundi increased to 1382397 BIF Million in June from 1339556.70 BIF Million in May of 2019. Money Supply M1 in Burundi averaged 617768.37 BIF Million from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 1382397 BIF Million in June of 2019 and a record low of 236399.10 BIF Million in January of 2008. This page provides - Burundi Money Supply M1- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Burundi remained unchanged at 1.50 percent in 2019 from 1.50 percent in 2018. Unemployment Rate in Burundi averaged 1.79 percent from 1991 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 2.10 percent in 1999 and a record low of 1.50 percent in 1992. In Burundi, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - Burundi Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Money Supply M2 in Burundi increased to 1888807.10 BIF Million in October from 1888444.60 BIF Million in September of 2019. Money Supply M2 in Burundi averaged 886283.16 BIF Million from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 1894761.57 BIF Million in August of 2019 and a record low of 322362.60 BIF Million in January of 2008. This page provides the latest reported value for - Burundi Money Supply M2 - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Banks Balance Sheet in China increased to 2850 CNY Billion in March from 905.70 CNY Billion in February of 2020. Banks Balance Sheet in China averaged 749.47 CNY Billion from 2004 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 3340 CNY Billion in January of 2020 and a record low of -32.10 CNY Billion in July of 2005. In China, new yuan loans refer to financial institutions Renminbi credit funds balance sheet. They represent more than four-fifths of all loans. This page provides - China New Yuan Loans - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Banks Balance Sheet in Italy increased to 3769560.71 EUR Million in February from 3750270.33 EUR Million in January of 2020. Banks Balance Sheet in Italy averaged 2934036.34 EUR Million from 1995 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 4247044.51 EUR Million in November of 2012 and a record low of 1393773.06 EUR Million in January of 1996. This page provides the latest reported value for - Italy Banks Balance Sheet - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Banks Balance Sheet in Turkey increased to 4678225798 TRY Thousand in February from 4498754472 TRY Thousand in January of 2020. Banks Balance Sheet in Turkey averaged 762529950.36 TRY Thousand from 1986 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 4678225798 TRY Thousand in February of 2020 and a record low of 15859.80 TRY Thousand in January of 1986. This page provides the latest reported value for - Turkey Banks Balance Sheet - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Banks Balance Sheet in Germany increased to 8975.05 EUR Billion in February from 8529.40 EUR Billion in January of 2020. Banks Balance Sheet in Germany averaged 3831.49 EUR Billion from 1950 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 10087.65 EUR Billion in December of 1998 and a record low of 30.82 EUR Billion in June of 1950. This page provides - Germany Central Bank Balance Sheet - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Germany recorded a government budget surplus of 7.09 EUR Billion in the third quarter of 2019. Government Budget Value in Germany averaged -10.49 EUR Billion from 1991 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 40.63 EUR Billion in the third quarter of 2000 and a record low of -58.90 EUR Billion in the fourth quarter of 1992. The government budget balance is the difference between government revenues and expenses. The budget is balanced when outlays equal to receipts, the country reports budget surplus when revenues are higher than expenses and deficit when expenses exceed the revenues. This page provides the latest reported value for - Germany Government Budget Value - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Italy recorded a government budget deficit of 4.51 EUR Billion in February of 2020. Government Budget Value in Italy averaged -4.39 EUR Billion from 1980 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 27.41 EUR Billion in December of 2018 and a record low of -43.39 EUR Billion in October of 2009. The government budget balance is the difference between government revenues and expenses. The budget is balanced when outlays equal to receipts, the country reports budget surplus when revenues are higher than expenses and deficit when expenses exceed the revenues. This page provides the latest reported value for - Italy Government Budget Value - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.