mal Myeloid deletion and therapeutic activation of AMPK do not alter atherosclerosis in male or female mice [Research Articles] By www.jlr.org Published On :: 2020-12-01T00:05:39-08:00 The dysregulation of myeloid-derived cell metabolism can drive atherosclerosis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) controls various aspects of macrophage dynamics and lipid homeostasis, which are important during atherogenesis. Using LysM-Cre to drive the deletion of both the α1 and α2 catalytic subunits (MacKO), we aimed to clarify the role of myeloid-specific AMPK signaling in male and female mice made acutely atherosclerotic by injection of AAV vector encoding a gain-of-function mutant PCSK9 (PCSK9-AAV) and WD feeding. After 6 weeks of WD feeding, mice received a daily injection of either the AMPK activator A-769662 or a vehicle control for an additional 6 weeks. Following this (12 weeks total), we assessed myeloid cell populations and differences between genotype or sex were not observed. Similarly, aortic sinus plaque size, lipid staining, and necrotic area did not differ in male and female MacKO mice compared with their littermate floxed controls. Moreover, therapeutic intervention with A-769662 showed no treatment effect. There were also no observable differences in the amount of circulating total cholesterol or triglyceride, and only minor differences in the levels of inflammatory cytokines between groups. Finally, CD68+ area and markers of autophagy showed no effect of either lacking AMPK signaling or AMPK activation. Our data suggest that while defined roles for each catalytic AMPK subunit have been identified, complete deletion of myeloid AMPK signaling does not significantly impact atherosclerosis. Additionally, these findings suggest that intervention with the first-generation AMPK activator A-769662 is not able to stem the progression of atherosclerosis. Full Article
mal Conserved biophysical features of the CaV2 presynaptic Ca2+ channel homologue from the early-diverging animal Trichoplax adhaerens [Membrane Biology] By www.jbc.org Published On :: 2020-12-25T00:06:31-08:00 The dominant role of CaV2 voltage-gated calcium channels for driving neurotransmitter release is broadly conserved. Given the overlapping functional properties of CaV2 and CaV1 channels, and less so CaV3 channels, it is unclear why there have not been major shifts toward dependence on other CaV channels for synaptic transmission. Here, we provide a structural and functional profile of the CaV2 channel cloned from the early-diverging animal Trichoplax adhaerens, which lacks a nervous system but possesses single gene homologues for CaV1–CaV3 channels. Remarkably, the highly divergent channel possesses similar features as human CaV2.1 and other CaV2 channels, including high voltage–activated currents that are larger in external Ba2+ than in Ca2+; voltage-dependent kinetics of activation, inactivation, and deactivation; and bimodal recovery from inactivation. Altogether, the functional profile of Trichoplax CaV2 suggests that the core features of presynaptic CaV2 channels were established early during animal evolution, after CaV1 and CaV2 channels emerged via proposed gene duplication from an ancestral CaV1/2 type channel. The Trichoplax channel was relatively insensitive to mammalian CaV2 channel blockers ω-agatoxin-IVA and ω-conotoxin-GVIA and to metal cation blockers Cd2+ and Ni2+. Also absent was the capacity for voltage-dependent G-protein inhibition by co-expressed Trichoplax Gβγ subunits, which nevertheless inhibited the human CaV2.1 channel, suggesting that this modulatory capacity evolved via changes in channel sequence/structure, and not G proteins. Last, the Trichoplax channel was immunolocalized in cells that express an endomorphin-like peptide implicated in cell signaling and locomotive behavior and other likely secretory cells, suggesting contributions to regulated exocytosis. Full Article
mal Spatially Resolved Activity-based Proteomic Profiles of the Murine Small Intestinal Lipases [Research] By www.mcponline.org Published On :: 2020-12-01T00:05:33-08:00 Despite the crucial function of the small intestine in nutrient uptake our understanding of the molecular events underlying the digestive function is still rudimentary. Recent studies demonstrated that enterocytes do not direct the entire dietary triacylglycerol toward immediate chylomicron synthesis. Especially after high-fat challenges, parts of the resynthesized triacylglycerol are packaged into cytosolic lipid droplets for transient storage in the endothelial layer of the small intestine. The reason for this temporary storage of triacylglycerol is not completely understood. To utilize lipids from cytosolic lipid droplets for chylomicron synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum, stored triacylglycerol has to be hydrolyzed either by cytosolic lipolysis or lipophagy. Interestingly, triacylglycerol storage and chylomicron secretion rates are unevenly distributed along the small intestine, with the proximal jejunum exhibiting the highest intermittent storage capacity. We hypothesize that correlating hydrolytic enzyme activities with the reported distribution of triacylglycerol storage and chylomicron secretion in different sections of the small intestine is a promising strategy to determine key enzymes in triacylglycerol remobilization. We employed a serine hydrolase specific activity-based labeling approach in combination with quantitative proteomics to identify and rank hydrolases based on their relative activity in 11 sections of the small intestine. Moreover, we identified several clusters of enzymes showing similar activity distribution along the small intestine. Merging our activity-based results with substrate specificity and subcellular localization known from previous studies, carboxylesterase 2e and arylacetamide deacetylase emerge as promising candidates for triacylglycerol mobilization from cytosolic lipid droplets in enterocytes. Full Article
mal Novel Proteomic Profiling of Epididymal Extracellular Vesicles in the Domestic Cat Reveals Proteins Related to Sequential Sperm Maturation with Differences Observed between Normospermic and Teratospermic Individuals [Research] By www.mcponline.org Published On :: 2020-12-01T00:05:33-08:00 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by the epididymal epithelium transfer to spermatozoa key proteins that are essential in promoting motility and subsequent fertilization success. Using the domestic cat model, the objectives were to (1) characterize and compare protein content of EVs between segments of the epididymis, and (2) compare EV protein compositions between normo- and teratospermic individuals (producing >60% of abnormal spermatozoa). Epididymal EVs from adult cats were isolated and assessed via liquid chromatography tandem MS. Both male types shared 3008 proteins in total, with 98 and 20 EV proteins unique to normospermic and teratospermic males, respectively. Expression levels of several proteins changed between epididymal segments in both male types. Several proteins in both groups were related to sperm motility (e.g. hexokinase 1, adenylate kinase isoenzyme) and zona pellucida or oolemma binding (e.g. disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain proteins, zona binding proteins 1 and 2). Interestingly, seven cauda-derived EV proteins trended downward in teratospermic compared with normospermic males, which may relate to poor sperm quality. Collective results revealed, for the first time, EV proteins related to sequential sperm maturation with differences observed between normospermic and teratospermic individuals. Full Article
mal A Novel Mechanism for NF-{kappa}B-activation via I{kappa}B-aggregation: Implications for Hepatic Mallory-Denk-Body Induced Inflammation [Research] By www.mcponline.org Published On :: 2020-12-01T00:05:33-08:00 Mallory-Denk-bodies (MDBs) are hepatic protein aggregates associated with inflammation both clinically and in MDB-inducing models. Similar protein aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases also triggers inflammation and NF-B activation. However, the precise mechanism that links protein aggregation to NF-B-activation and inflammatory response remains unclear. Herein we find that treating primary hepatocytes with MDB-inducing agents (N-methylprotoporphyrin (NMPP), protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), or Zinc-protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP)) elicited an IBα-loss with consequent NF-B activation. Four known mechanisms of IBα-loss i.e. the canonical ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation (UPD), autophagic-lysosomal degradation, calpain degradation and translational inhibition, were all probed and excluded. Immunofluorescence analyses of ZnPP-treated cells coupled with 8 M urea/CHAPS-extraction revealed that this IBα-loss was due to its sequestration along with IBβ into insoluble aggregates, thereby releasing NF-B. Through affinity pulldown, proximity biotinylation by antibody recognition, and other proteomic analyses, we verified that NF-B subunit p65, which stably interacts with IBα under normal conditions, no longer binds to it upon ZnPP-treatment. Additionally, we identified 10 proteins that interact with IBα under baseline conditions, aggregate upon ZnPP-treatment, and maintain the interaction with IBα after ZnPP-treatment, either by cosequestering into insoluble aggregates or through a different mechanism. Of these 10 proteins, the nucleoporins Nup153 and Nup358/RanBP2 were identified through RNA-interference, as mediators of IBα-nuclear import. The concurrent aggregation of IBα, NUP153, and RanBP2 upon ZnPP-treatment, synergistically precluded the nuclear entry of IBα and its consequent binding and termination of NF-B activation. This novel mechanism may account for the protein aggregate-induced inflammation observed in liver diseases, thus identifying novel targets for therapeutic intervention. Because of inherent commonalities this MDB cell model is a bona fide protoporphyric model, making these findings equally relevant to the liver inflammation associated with clinical protoporphyria. Full Article
mal Quel est l’IMC normal pour une femme ? By www.orthodfr.org Published On :: Wed, 11 Sep 2024 15:33:26 +0000 Contrairement à ce qu’on pourrait croire, bien plus de femmes se préoccupent de leurs poids et y font attention. Pour ces femmes, comprendre ce qu’est un indice de masse corporelle (IMC) normal peut permettre de maintenir une bonne santé et savoir quand faire appel à un médecin pour leurs poids. C’est quoi l’IMC ou indice de masse […] L’article Quel est l’IMC normal pour une femme ? est apparu en premier sur Ortho Doc France. Full Article Santé
mal Transcriptome and secretome analysis of intra-mammalian life-stages of the emerging helminth pathogen, Calicophoron daubneyi reveals adaptation to a unique host environment. [Research] By www.mcponline.org Published On :: 2020-10-20T14:35:18-07:00 Paramphistomosis, caused by the rumen fluke, Calicophoron daubneyi, is a parasitic infection of ruminant livestock which has seen a rapid rise in prevalence throughout Western Europe in recent years. Following ingestion of metacercariae (parasite cysts) by the mammalian host, newly-excysted juveniles (NEJs) emerge and invade the duodenal submucosa which causes significant pathology in heavy infections. The immature larvae then migrate upwards, along the gastrointestinal tract, and enter the rumen where they mature and begin to produce eggs. Despite their emergence, and sporadic outbreaks of acute disease, we know little about the molecular mechanisms used by C. daubneyi to establish infection, acquire nutrients and to avoid the host immune response. Here, transcriptome analysis of four intra-mammalian life-cycle stages, integrated with secretome analysis of the NEJ and adult parasites (responsible for acute and chronic disease respectively), revealed how the expression and secretion of selected families of virulence factors and immunomodulators are regulated in accordance with fluke development and migration. Our data show that whilst a family of cathepsins B with varying S2 sub-site residues (indicating distinct substrate specificities) are differentially secreted by NEJs and adult flukes, cathepsins L and F are secreted in low abundance by NEJs only. We found that C. daubneyi has an expanded family of aspartic peptidases, which is up-regulated in adult worms, although they are underrepresented in the secretome. The most abundant proteins in adult fluke secretions were helminth defence molecules (HDMs) that likely establish an immune environment permissive to fluke survival and/or neutralise pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide in the microbiome-rich rumen. The distinct collection of molecules secreted by C. daubneyi allowed the development of the first coproantigen-based ELISA for paramphistomosis which, importantly, did not recognise antigens from other helminths commonly found as co-infections with rumen fluke. Full Article
mal Thermal proteome profiling in zebrafish reveals effects of napabucasin on retinoic acid metabolism [Research] By www.mcponline.org Published On :: 2020-10-28T08:35:46-07:00 Thermal proteome profiling (TPP) allows for the unbiased detection of drug – target protein engagements in vivo. Traditionally, one cell type is used for TPP studies, with the risk of missing important differentially expressed target proteins. The use of whole organisms would circumvent this problem. Zebrafish embryos are amenable to such an approach. Here, we used TPP on whole zebrafish embryo lysate to identify protein targets of napabucasin, a compound that may affect Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) signaling through an ill-understood mechanism. In zebrafish embryos, napabucasin induced developmental defects consistent with inhibition of Stat3 signaling. TPP profiling showed no distinct shift in Stat3 upon napabucasin treatment, but effects were detected on the oxidoreductase, Pora, which might explain effects on Stat3 signaling. Interestingly, thermal stability of several aldehyde dehydrogenases (Aldhs) was affected. Moreover, napabucasin activated ALDH enzymatic activity in vitro. Aldhs have crucial roles in retinoic acid metabolism and functionally we validated napabucasin-mediated activation of the retinoic acid pathway in zebrafish in vivo. We conclude that TPP profiling in whole zebrafish embryo lysate is feasible and facilitates direct correlation of in vivo effects of small molecule drugs with their protein targets. Full Article
mal Protein modification characteristics of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and the infected erythrocytes [Research] By www.mcponline.org Published On :: 2020-11-04T10:35:17-08:00 Malaria elimination is still pending on the development of novel tools that rely on a deep understanding of parasite biology. Proteins of all living cells undergo a myriad number of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) that are critical to multifarious life processes. An extensive proteome-wide dissection revealed a fine PTM map of most proteins in both Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of severe malaria, and the infected red blood cells. More than two-thirds of proteins of the parasite and its host cell underwent extensive and dynamic modification throughout the erythrocytic developmental stage. PTMs critically modulate the virulence factors involved in the host-parasite interaction and pathogenesis. Furthermore, P. falciparum stabilized the supporting proteins of erythrocyte origin by selective de-modification. Collectively, our multiple omic analyses, apart from having furthered a deep understanding of the systems biology of P. falciparum and malaria pathogenesis, provide a valuable resource for mining new antimalarial targets. Full Article
mal A human cancer cell line initiates DNA replication normally in the absence of ORC5 and ORC2 proteins [DNA and Chromosomes] By www.jbc.org Published On :: 2020-12-11T00:06:20-08:00 The origin recognition complex (ORC), composed of six subunits, ORC1–6, binds to origins of replication as a ring-shaped heterohexameric ATPase that is believed to be essential to recruit and load MCM2–7, the minichromosome maintenance protein complex, around DNA and initiate DNA replication. We previously reported the creation of viable cancer cell lines that lacked detectable ORC1 or ORC2 protein without a reduction in the number of origins firing. Here, using CRISPR-Cas9–mediated mutations, we report that human HCT116 colon cancer cells also survive when ORC5 protein expression is abolished via a mutation in the initiator ATG of the ORC5 gene. Even if an internal methionine is used to produce an undetectable, N terminally deleted ORC5, the protein would lack 80% of the AAA+ ATPase domain, including the Walker A motif. The ORC5-depleted cells show normal chromatin binding of MCM2–7 and initiate replication from a similar number of origins as WT cells. In addition, we introduced a second mutation in ORC2 in the ORC5 mutant cells, rendering both ORC5 and ORC2 proteins undetectable in the same cells and destabilizing the ORC1, ORC3, and ORC4 proteins. Yet the double mutant cells grow, recruit MCM2–7 normally to chromatin, and initiate DNA replication with normal number of origins. Thus, in these selected cancer cells, either a crippled ORC lacking ORC2 and ORC5 and present at minimal levels on the chromatin can recruit and load enough MCM2–7 to initiate DNA replication, or human cell lines can sometimes recruit MCM2–7 to origins independent of ORC. Full Article
mal A musical about malignancy By www.bmj.com Published On :: Wednesday, November 23, 2016 - 17:26 Full Article
mal Public Service, Accountability and Delivery in Malawi By www.chathamhouse.org Published On :: Thu, 11 Oct 2018 13:20:01 +0000 Public Service, Accountability and Delivery in Malawi 17 October 2018 — 12:00PM TO 1:00PM Anonymous (not verified) 11 October 2018 Chatham House, London On 21 May 2019, Malawi will hold presidential, parliamentary and local ward elections. Public concerns of periodic food shortages and power outages, together with continuing fiscal uncertainty amidst spiralling public debt, bring added significance to this electoral process and beyond as well as significant pressures on the next government. Vice President Saulos Chilima‘s decision to form a new party, the United Transformation Party (UTM), as well as the return of former president Joyce Banda to mainstream politics, mean that with such issues at stake, and political discourse dominated by allegations of corruption, Malawi’s leaders across the spectrum will need clear policy focus to address the country’s significant challenges and meet citizens’ needs. Vice President Chilima will discuss the formation of the UTM and how to foster intra-party democracy. He will present its approach to poverty reduction, addressing economic instability and challenges ahead of next year’s elections. THIS EVENT IS NOW FULL AND REGISTRATION HAS CLOSED. Full Article
mal Development and validation of outcome prediction models for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: the SAHIT multinational cohort study By www.bmj.com Published On :: Thursday, January 18, 2018 - 16:21 Full Article
mal Disruptive technologies by nation states and malign cyber actors – the US response By www.chathamhouse.org Published On :: Thu, 02 Feb 2023 12:32:13 +0000 Disruptive technologies by nation states and malign cyber actors – the US response 16 February 2023 — 1:00PM TO 2:00PM Anonymous (not verified) 2 February 2023 Chatham House and Online Lisa Monaco, the US deputy attorney general, discusses how autocratic governments and malign cyber actors use disruptive technologies to project power and engage in illicit activity. Weaponizing data, ransomware attacks and other illicit cyber activity represent significant threats to national security. Governments and malicious cyber actors around the world exploit disruptive technology to engage in criminal activity, track citizens and coerce other countries thereby weakening the rules-based order and fundamental principles of democracy. Lisa Monaco discusses how the world is at an inflection point when it comes to meeting this challenge and describes how the US and partner nations are responding to protect their citizens and the broader international community. Key questions to discuss include: What steps does the US government need to take to properly address this threat? How are countries coordinating policies to confront the problem? To what extent does this challenge go beyond US-China competition? As with all member events, questions from the audience drive the conversation. Read the transcript. Full Article
mal Improving 18F-FDG PET Quantification Through a Spatial Normalization Method By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-10-01T04:08:08-07:00 Quantification of 18F-FDG PET images is useful for accurate diagnosis and evaluation of various brain diseases, including brain tumors, epilepsy, dementia, and Parkinson disease. However, accurate quantification of 18F-FDG PET images requires matched 3-dimensional T1 MRI scans of the same individuals to provide detailed information on brain anatomy. In this paper, we propose a transfer learning approach to adapt a pretrained deep neural network model from amyloid PET to spatially normalize 18F-FDG PET images without the need for 3-dimensional MRI. Methods: The proposed method is based on a deep learning model for automatic spatial normalization of 18F-FDG brain PET images, which was developed by fine-tuning a pretrained model for amyloid PET using only 103 18F-FDG PET and MR images. After training, the algorithm was tested on 65 internal and 78 external test sets. All T1 MR images with a 1-mm isotropic voxel size were processed with FreeSurfer software to provide cortical segmentation maps used to extract a ground-truth regional SUV ratio using cerebellar gray matter as a reference region. These values were compared with those from spatial normalization-based quantification methods using the proposed method and statistical parametric mapping software. Results: The proposed method showed superior spatial normalization compared with statistical parametric mapping, as evidenced by increased normalized mutual information and better size and shape matching in PET images. Quantitative evaluation revealed a consistently higher SUV ratio correlation and intraclass correlation coefficients for the proposed method across various brain regions in both internal and external datasets. The remarkably good correlation and intraclass correlation coefficient values of the proposed method for the external dataset are noteworthy, considering the dataset’s different ethnic distribution and the use of different PET scanners and image reconstruction algorithms. Conclusion: This study successfully applied transfer learning to a deep neural network for 18F-FDG PET spatial normalization, demonstrating its resource efficiency and improved performance. This highlights the efficacy of transfer learning, which requires a smaller number of datasets than does the original network training, thus increasing the potential for broader use of deep learning–based brain PET spatial normalization techniques for various clinical and research radiotracers. Full Article
mal Malfunctioning B-2 bomber damaged during landing at Missouri Air Force base By www.upi.com Published On :: Thu, 16 Sep 2021 15:23:16 -0400 A B-2 Spirit stealth bomber made an emergency landing at Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri earlier this week after the high-tech aircraft malfunctioned during a training flight. Full Article
mal AlmaLinux OS Foundation Chair to Discuss Embracing Diversity in Open Source at SC24 By www.hpcwire.com Published On :: Thu, 07 Nov 2024 14:00:42 +0000 FORT MYERS, Fla., Nov. 7, 2024 — The AlmaLinux OS Foundation, the nonprofit that stewards the free and community-governed open source enterprise Linux distribution, today announced that chair benny Vasquez is […] The post AlmaLinux OS Foundation Chair to Discuss Embracing Diversity in Open Source at SC24 appeared first on HPCwire. Full Article
mal Preclinical research and development of a herbal antipyretic drug based on leaves of Ceiba pentandra (Malvaceae) By resources.medipacademy.com Published On :: 30 July 2022 11:32:03 Background: Faced with the limits of synthetic antipyretic substances, in particular their involvement in the occurrence of numerous and often serious adverse effects; the challenge is in search of new antipyretics especially from the African traditional pharmacopoeia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antipyretic activity of an aqueous extract and a formulation of Ceiba pentandra, with a view to designing an herbal antipyretic drug. Methods: Trials of formulation of an antipyretic syrup with leaves extract of Ceiba pentandra were carried out. The antipyretic activity was investigated by the bewer's yeast induced pyrexia. Physicochemical and microbiological stability tests were carried out on the syrup. Results: It was found with the extract an antipyretic activity at doses of 125 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg. The effect was greater for the 125 mg/kg dose with inhibition percentages ranging from 27.58% to 71.25%. This antipyretic activity was early (from 30 minutes) and was preserved during the four hours of the experiment. The syrup dosed at 125 mg/kg gave an activity similar to that of the extract by significantly reducing the hyperthermia in the rats. Regarding the stability tests, the syrup remained stable both physico-chemically and microbiologically throughout the study period (28 days) both when exposed to low temperature (5 °±3 ° C) and at high temperature (40°±2° C). Conclusions: Ceiba pentandra leaves have antipyretic activity and could be used for the development of an herbal antipyretic drug. Full Article
mal Dwayne Johnson sings female empowerment song in 'Moana 2' By www.upi.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 10:19:51 -0500 Dwayne Johnson sings a female empowerment song, titled "Can I Get a Chee Hoo?" in the upcoming "Moana" sequel. Full Article
mal Watch: In 'Final Reckoning' teaser, Tom Cruise dangles from small plane By www.upi.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 11:16:49 -0500 Paramount Pictures is teasing "Mission: Impossible -- The Final Reckoning," starring Tom Cruise. Full Article
mal Small wooden satellite heads to International Space Station By www.upi.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 07:13:24 -0500 The first wood-panel satellite is on a SpaceX flight to the International Space Station, where it will test the durability of wood in space. Full Article
mal What you can learn crossing the ocean in a canoe | Lehua Kamalu By www.ted.com Published On :: Tue, 15 Oct 2024 19:51:34 +0000 “Being on a voyage forces you to unplug,” says TED Fellow and third-generation captain Lehua Kamalu. Sharing ancient knowledge from traditional Hawaiian ocean voyaging, she reflects on the transformational power of seafaring journeys — and what it means to travel mindfully, no matter where you are. Full Article Higher Education
mal The tipping point I got wrong | Malcolm Gladwell By www.ted.com Published On :: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 14:54:26 +0000 In his 2000 bestseller "The Tipping Point," Malcolm Gladwell told the story of why crime fell in New York City in the 1990s. Now, 25 years later, he's back with a confession and a mea culpa: "I was wrong," he says. He shares how his analysis contributed to the rise of the infamous "stop and frisk" policing policy in New York City — and shows why journalists should avoid the trap of imagining a story is ever really over. (Followed by a Q&A with TED's Monique Ruff-Bell) Full Article Higher Education
mal Teaching's 'New Normal'? There's Nothing Normal About the Constant Threat of Death By www.teachermagazine.org Published On :: 2020-11-18T00:00:00-05:00 As the bizarre becomes ordinary, don't forget what's at stake for America's teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, writes Justin Minkel. Full Article Education
mal Where They Are: The Nation's Small But Growing Population of Black English-Learners By blogs.edweek.org Published On :: Fri, 17 Apr 2020 00:00:00 +0000 In five northern U.S. states, black students comprise more than a fifth of ELL enrollment. Full Article Maine
mal U.S. Backs Idaho Law Limiting Sports Participation by Transgender Females By blogs.edweek.org Published On :: Mon, 22 Jun 2020 00:00:00 +0000 In a case involving a transgender track athlete, the Trump administration says female transgender athletes are seeking "special treatment" to compete in girls' or women's sports. Full Article Idaho
mal Judge Blocks Idaho Law Limiting Sports Participation by Transgender Females By blogs.edweek.org Published On :: Mon, 17 Aug 2020 00:00:00 +0000 The judge said the law likely discriminates on the basis of transgender status in violation of the equal-protection clause of the U.S. Constitution. Full Article Idaho
mal Small Arkansas School District Installs Safe Rooms in All Classrooms By www.edweek.org Published On :: Tue, 22 Jan 2019 00:00:00 +0000 A school district in a small Arkansas city has installed steel safe rooms in every classroom. Full Article Arkansas
mal Where They Are: The Nation's Small But Growing Population of Black English-Learners By blogs.edweek.org Published On :: Fri, 17 Apr 2020 00:00:00 +0000 In five northern U.S. states, black students comprise more than a fifth of ELL enrollment. Full Article Vermont
mal Clemson makes a small move up the latest College Football Playoff rankings By sports.yahoo.com Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 02:23:30 GMT The College Football Playoff Selection Committee has released its second set of rankings, and Clemson football's moved up to No. 20 following a 24-14 win over Virginia Tech. Starting at No. 23 in last week’s CFP rankings, the Tigers’ latest rise highlights thei Full Article article Sports
mal Why CFP committee moved Indiana, BYU ahead of Tennessee. It wasn't Nico Iamaleava injury By sports.yahoo.com Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 03:28:20 GMT Tennessee won easily over Mississippi State. Indiana and BYU won nail-biters. So why did they jump over the Vols? We asked the CFP committee chair. Full Article article Sports
mal Diurnal Fluctuations in Steroid Hormones Tied to Variation in Intrinsic Functional Connectivity in a Densely Sampled Male By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2024-05-29 Hannah GrotzingerMay 29, 2024; 44:e1856232024-e1856232024BehavioralSystemsCognitive Full Article
mal Circadian Rhythms Tied to Changes in Brain Morphology in a Densely Sampled Male By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2024-09-18 Elle M. MurataSep 18, 2024; 44:e0573242024-e0573242024BehavioralSystemsCognitive Full Article
mal Erratum: Rosenberg et al., "{beta}-Adrenergic Signaling Promotes Morphological Maturation of Astrocytes in Female Mice" By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2024-10-23T09:30:30-07:00 Full Article
mal Differential Encoding of Two-Tone Harmonics in the Male and Female Mouse Auditory Cortex By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2024-10-30T09:30:22-07:00 Harmonics are an integral part of music, speech, and vocalizations of animals. Since the rest of the auditory environment is primarily made up of nonharmonic sounds, the auditory system needs to perceptually separate the above two kinds of sounds. In mice, harmonics, generally with two-tone components (two-tone harmonic complexes, TTHCs), form an important component of vocal communication. Communication by pups during isolation from the mother and by adult males during courtship elicits typical behaviors in female mice—dams and adult courting females, respectively. Our study shows that the processing of TTHC is specialized in mice providing neural basis for perceptual differences between tones and TTHCs and also nonharmonic sounds. Investigation of responses in the primary auditory cortex (Au1) from in vivo extracellular recordings and two-photon Ca2+ imaging of excitatory and inhibitory neurons to TTHCs exhibit enhancement, suppression, or no-effect with respect to tones. Irrespective of neuron type, harmonic enhancement is maximized, and suppression is minimized when the fundamental frequencies (F0) match the neuron's best fundamental frequency (BF0). Sex-specific processing of TTHC is evident from differences in the distributions of neurons’ best frequency (BF) and best fundamental frequency (BF0) in single units, differences in harmonic suppressed cases re-BF0, independent of neuron types, and from pairwise noise correlations among excitatory and parvalbumin inhibitory interneurons. Furthermore, TTHCs elicit a higher response compared with two-tone nonharmonics in females, but not in males. Thus, our study shows specialized neural processing of TTHCs over tones and nonharmonics, highlighting local network specialization among different neuronal types. Full Article
mal Neurons Underlying Aggression-Like Actions That Are Shared by Both Males and Females in Drosophila By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2024-10-30T09:30:22-07:00 Aggression involves both sexually monomorphic and dimorphic actions. How the brain implements these two types of actions is poorly understood. We found that in Drosophila melanogaster, a set of neurons, which we call CL062, previously shown to mediate male aggression also mediate female aggression. These neurons elicit aggression acutely and without the presence of a target. Although the same set of actions is elicited in males and females, the overall behavior is sexually dimorphic. The CL062 neurons do not express fruitless, a gene required for sexual dimorphism in flies, and expressed by most other neurons important for controlling fly aggression. Connectomic analysis in a female electron microscopy dataset suggests that these neurons have limited connections with fruitless expressing neurons that have been shown to be important for aggression and signal to different descending neurons. Thus, CL062 is part of a monomorphic circuit for aggression that functions parallel to the known dimorphic circuits. Full Article
mal Erratum: McCosh et al., "Norepinephrine Neurons in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract Suppress Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Female Mice" By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2024-11-06T09:30:07-08:00 Full Article
mal Could Anyone Bring an Extinct Animal Back to Life? And More Questions From Our Readers By www.smithsonianmag.com Published On :: Fri, 18 Oct 2024 15:00:00 +0000 You’ve got questions. We’ve got experts Full Article
mal See a Film That Reimagines History on the Malaysian Island That Served as a Refugee Site After the Vietnam War By www.smithsonianmag.com Published On :: Thu, 07 Nov 2024 16:11:03 +0000 The work, now on view at the Smithsonian American Art Museum, tells the story of two characters on the island—the last people alive in the world Full Article
mal Countries recognize vital role of small-scale fishers By www.fao.org Published On :: Tue, 10 Jun 2014 00:00:00 GMT Countries today endorsed a set of wide-reaching guidelines that will boost the already vital [...] Full Article
mal Small Island Developing States By www.fao.org Published On :: Mon, 08 Jun 2015 00:00:00 GMT The first in a series of Conference side events, the high-level panel on Small Island Developing States (SIDS) was held on Saturday. The aim of this event was to present [...] Full Article
mal Malta on show By www.fao.org Published On :: Tue, 07 Feb 2017 00:00:00 GMT In order to celebrate Malta’s presidency to the European Union Council for 2017 FAO is hosting an exhibit in the atrium, focusing on issues of migration and oceans - both [...] Full Article
mal Informal Seminar: Human resources policies By www.fao.org Published On :: Thu, 11 Oct 2018 00:00:00 GMT Informal Seminar: Human resources policies - Invitation for all Permanent Representatives Friday, 12 October 2018 - 15.00 to 17.30 (Green Room) Full Article
mal FAO and Grow Asia partner to mobilize support for smallholder agriculture By www.fao.org Published On :: Fri, 29 Oct 2021 00:00:00 GMT Rome - The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and Grow Asia, a multi-stakeholder partnership platform that brings together farmers, the private sector, governments, [...] Full Article
mal Animal Health Innovation, Reference Centres and Vaccines at the heart of this year's FAO Global Conference By www.fao.org Published On :: Thu, 29 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is organizing its first-ever Global Conference on Animal Health Innovation, Reference Centres and Vaccines from 23 to 25 September at FAO headquarters [...] Full Article
mal Ask Smithsonian: Are Humans the Only Animals to Use the Stars to Navigate? By www.smithsonianmag.com Published On :: Wed, 25 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0000 Yet another reason to fight light pollution Full Article
mal Ask Smithsonian: Do Animals Laugh? By www.smithsonianmag.com Published On :: Wed, 25 Sep 2024 00:00:00 -0000 The answer may lie between being ticklish and having a sense of humor Full Article
mal Ask Smithsonian: Why Were Prehistoric Animals So Big? By www.smithsonianmag.com Published On :: Mon, 21 Oct 2024 00:00:00 -0000 Our giant of a host, Eric Schulze, explains why size mattered in prehistory. Full Article
mal Dogs Can Sniff Out Malaria By www.smithsonianmag.com Published On :: Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 -0000 Sally, a Labrador retriever, sniffs sock samples and then pauses on the sample worn by a child with malaria. (Durham University/Medical Detection Dogs/London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine) Full Article