design CBD News: Ecuador designates New Marine Protected Area. By www.cbd.int Published On :: Tue, 23 Sep 2008 00:00:00 GMT Full Article
design CBD News: Joint press-release by GEF and CBD on the approval by the GEF Council of a special initiative designed to build global awareness and catalyze decisive action during the upcoming 2010 International Year of Biodiversity (IYB). By www.thegef.org Published On :: Wed, 24 Jun 2009 00:00:00 GMT Full Article
design CBD News: Statement by Mr. Ahmed Djoghlaf, Executive Secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity, on the occasion of the Second International Conference on Urban Biodiversity and Design (URBIO), 18 May 2010, Nagoya, Japan. By www.cbd.int Published On :: Tue, 18 May 2010 00:00:00 GMT Full Article
design CBD Press Release: Secretary-General Designates Edward Norton as United Nations Goodwill Ambassador for Biodiversity. By www.cbd.int Published On :: Thu, 08 Jul 2010 00:00:00 GMT Full Article
design CBD Press Release: New Publication Outlines Biodiversity Elements for Design and Implementation of REDD-plus By www.cbd.int Published On :: Wed, 01 Jun 2011 00:00:00 GMT Full Article
design CBD News: After several years of international negotiations, the final operational design of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) has been agreed. By www.unep.org Published On :: Mon, 23 Apr 2012 00:00:00 GMT Full Article
design CBD Notification SCBD/OES/DAIN/FV/UN/SN/FD/88542 (2019-118): Launching of the First Phase of the Newly Designed Website By www.cbd.int Published On :: Mon, 23 Dec 2019 00:00:00 GMT Full Article
design Geometric designs in the snow by Simon Beck By www.ams.org Published On :: Tue, 21 Jan 2020 00:00:00 EST "Artist uses snow as canvas for massive geometrical designs," by Thomas Peipert, AP, January 16, 2020. Full Article
design Government announces Study Subsidy Scheme for Designated Professions/Sectors for 2020/21 cohort - sub-degree programmes By www.info.gov.hk Published On :: Wed, 09 Oct 2019 17:00:33 Full Article
design Savannah College of Art and Design (Hong Kong) to discontinue operation By www.info.gov.hk Published On :: Fri, 13 Mar 2020 20:04:52 Full Article
design NJIT physics team provides novel swab design, free of charge, to augment COVID-19 testing By www.eurekalert.org Published On :: Wed, 06 May 2020 00:00:00 EDT (New Jersey Institute of Technology) A team of NJIT physicists has developed a novel test swab that can be 3D printed using inexpensive, widely available materials and speedily assembled in a range of fabrication settings. To augment the nation's testing capabilities, the inventors are making the swab's design publicly available, free of licensing fees, during the COVID-19 emergency. Full Article
design Redesign of a Diabetes System of Care Using an All-or-None Diabetes Bundle to Build Teamwork and Improve Intermediate Outcomes By spectrum.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2010-07-01 Frederick J. BloomJul 1, 2010; 23:165-169From Research to Practice Full Article
design Cybersecurity by Design in Civil Nuclear Power Plants By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 17:34:51 +0000 24 July 2019 Cyberattacks are increasingly challenging critical national infrastructure. This paper considers the security by design approach for civil nuclear power plants and analyses areas of risk and opportunities for the nuclear industry. Read online Download PDF Dr Beyza Unal Senior Research Fellow, International Security Programme @beyzaunal Google Scholar Roger Brunt Managing Director, Grosmont Howe Ltd 2019-07-24-NuclearPlant.jpg An employee climbs into the cooling tower of the third and fourth unit at Mochovce nuclear power plant in Slovakia on 2 July 2019. Photo: Getty Images SummaryThe application of ‘security by design’ in nuclear new builds could provide operators with the opportunity to establish a robust and resilient security architecture at the beginning of a nuclear power plant’s life cycle. This will enhance the protection of the plant and reduce the need for costly security improvements during its operating life.Security by design cannot fully protect a nuclear power plant from rapidly evolving cyberattacks, which expose previously unsuspected or unknown vulnerabilities.Careful design of security systems and architecture can – and should – achieve levels of protection that exceed current norms and expectations. However, the sourcing of components from a global supply chain means that the integrity of even the most skilfully designed security regime cannot be guaranteed without exhaustive checks of its components.Security by design may well include a requirement for a technical support organization to conduct quality assurance of cyber defences and practices, and this regime should be endorsed by a facility’s executive board and continued at regular intervals after the new build facility has been commissioned.Given the years it takes to design, plan and build a new nuclear power plant, it is important to recognize that from the point of ‘design freeze’ onwards, the operator will be building in vulnerabilities, as technology continues to evolve rapidly while construction fails to keep pace with it. Security by design cannot be a panacea, but it is an important factor in the establishment of a robust nuclear security – and cybersecurity – culture. Department/project International Security Programme, Cyber and Nuclear Security Full Article
design Design and development of 99mTc labeled FAPI-tracers for SPECT-imaging and 188Re therapy. By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2020-03-13T14:12:30-07:00 The majority of epithelial tumors recruits fibroblasts and other non-malignant cells and activates them into cancer-associated fibroblasts. This often leads to overexpression of the membrane serine protease fibroblast-activating protein (FAP). It has already been shown that DOTA-bearing FAP inhibitors (FAPIs) generate high contrast images with PET/CT scans. Since SPECT is a lower cost and more widely available alternative to PET, 99mTc-labeled FAPIs represent attractive tracers for imaging applicable in a larger number of patients. Furthermore, the chemically homologous nuclide 188Re is available from generators, which allows FAP-targeted endoradiotherapy. Methods: For the preparation of 99mTc tricarbonyl complexes, a chelator was selected whose carboxylic acids can easily be converted into various derivatives in the finished product. This enabled a platform strategy based on the original tracer. The obtained 99mTc complexes were investigated in vitro by binding and competition experiments on FAP-transfected HT-1080 (HT-1080-FAP) and/or on mouse FAP expressing (HEK-muFAP) and CD26-expressing (HEKCD26) HEK cells and characterized by planar scintigraphy and organ distribution studies in tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, a first-in-man application was done in two patients with ovarian and pancreatic cancer, respectively. Results: 99mTc-FAPI-19 showed specific binding to recombinant FAP-expressing cells with high affinity. Unfortunately, liver accumulation, biliary excretion and no tumor uptake were observed in the planar scintigraphy of a HT-1080-FAP xenotranplanted mouse. To improve the pharmacokinetic properties hydrophilic amino acids were attached to the chelator moiety of the compound. The resulting 99mTc-labeled FAPI tracers revealed excellent binding properties (up to 45 % binding; above 95 % internalization), high affinity (IC50 = 6.4 nM to 12.7 nM), and significant tumor uptake (up to 5.4 %ID/g) in biodistribution studies. The lead candidate 99mTc-FAPI-34 was applied for diagnostic scintigraphy and SPECT of patients with metastasized ovarian and pancreatic cancer for follow-up to therapy with 90Y-FAPI-46. 99mTc-FAPI-34 accumulated in the tumor lesions also shown in PET/CT imaging using 68Ga-FAPI-46. Conclusion: 99mTc-FAPI-34 represents a powerful tracer for diagnostic scintigraphy, especially in cases where PET imaging is not available. Additionally, the chelator used in this compound allows labeling with the therapeutic nuclide 188Re which is planned for the near future. Full Article
design Episode 46 - The Internet of Christmas (IoC) Design trends, gift ideas & Rogue One By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 23 Dec 2016 08:00:00 GMT This week David Price is in the presenter chair for the jolliest tech podcast of the year. David is joined by Miriam Harris, staff writer at Digital Arts, to talk about the design trends set to shape 2017. Then online editor at Techworld Scott Carey runs through the hottest tech gifts this Christmas, including games consoles, VR, Amazon gadgets and Star Wars merch (14:30). Finally, staff writer at PC Advisor Dom Preston makes his UKTW debut to chat about the latest Star Wars movie, Rogue One, which includes spoilers (29:00). This is the last UK Tech Weekly podcast of the year. Thank you for listening and we will be back in 2017 to chat about the hottest tech topics all over again. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
design Episode 75 - The Internet of Driverless Pods (IoDP) Hands on with the iPhone X, FairPhone and Driverless Car design By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 17 Nov 2017 15:14:51 GMT After a lengthy hiatus we are back to FINALLY talk about the iPhone X. Computerworld UK editor Scott Carey is in the hosting chair to chat with Chris Martin, reviews editor at Tech Advisor and Macworld UK, now that we have got our hands on one. Chris talks us through what he likes and dislikes so far about the pricey smartphone.Then Miriam Harris, staff writer at Digital Arts jumps in to discuss the design principles behind driverless cars and what we can expect in the future (17:00).Finally, pod debutante Caroline Vanier, senior staff writer at Tech Advisor France talks about the FairPhone and if it is a new model for the smart phone industry (28:00). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
design Problem Notes for SAS®9 - 65909: SAS Visual Analytics Designer 7.5 responds slowly when you edit large or complex reports By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Thu, 30 Apr 2020 13:26:35 EST If your SAS Visual Analytics report contains many sections and objects, you might encounter performance problems when you are editing the report. A hot fix is planned for this issue. Full Article VISANLYTBNDL+SAS+Visual+Analytics
design Problem Notes for SAS®9 - 65893: Custom sorts are sorted incorrectly when they are used in a hierarchy in SAS Visual Analytics Designer By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Wed, 29 Apr 2020 12:29:05 EST A custom sort might be sorted incorrectly when the data item is used in a custom category, which is then used in a hierarchy. The issue can occur in the following scenario: Full Article VISANLYTBNDL+SAS+Visual+Analytics
design Problem Notes for SAS®9 - 65868: Saving a report distribution in SAS Visual Analytics Designer fails with "The name is invalid" By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Fri, 24 Apr 2020 12:03:57 EST When you attempt to save a report distribution in SAS Visual Analytics Designer, you might see the error shown in the following display: imgalt="" src="{fusion_65868_1_distributionerror.png}" /> Full Article VISANLYTBNDL+SAS+Visual+Analytics
design Connecting Rodent and Human Pharmacokinetic Models for the Design and Translation of Glucose-Responsive Insulin By diabetes.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2020-03-09T06:50:09-07:00 Despite considerable progress, development of glucose-responsive insulins (GRI) still largely depends on empirical knowledge and tedious experimentation – especially on rodents. To assist the rational design and clinical translation of the therapeutic, we present a Pharmacokinetic Algorithm Mapping GRI Efficacies in Rodents and Humans (PAMERAH), built upon our previous human model. PAMERAH constitutes a framework for predicting the therapeutic efficacy of a GRI candidate from its user-specified mechanism of action, kinetics, and dosage, which we show is accurate when checked against data from experiments and literature. Results from simulated glucose clamps also agree quantitatively with recent GRI publications. We demonstrate that the model can be used to explore the vast number of permutations constituting the GRI parameter space, and thereby identify the optimal design ranges that yield desired performance. A design guide aside, PAMERAH more importantly can facilitate GRI’s clinical translation by connecting each candidate’s efficacies in rats, mice, and humans. The resultant mapping helps find GRIs which appear promising in rodents but underperform in humans (i.e. false-positives). Conversely, it also allows for the discovery of optimal human GRI dynamics not captured by experiments on a rodent population (false-negatives). We condense such information onto a translatability grid as a straightforward, visual guide for GRI development. Full Article
design Correction: Rational design, synthesis, and evaluation of uncharged, “smart” bis-oxime antidotes of organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase. [Additions and Corrections] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-05-08T03:41:14-07:00 VOLUME 295 (2020) PAGES 4079–4092There was an error in the abstract. “The pyridinium cation hampers uptake of OPs into the central nervous system (CNS)” should read as “The pyridinium cation hampers uptake into the central nervous system (CNS).” Full Article
design Broadtail Designs hosts ‘Curvy in Quarantine’ Yoga Live on IG By jamaica-gleaner.com Published On :: Fri, 17 Apr 2020 00:11:12 -0500 COVID-19 has completely readjusted how we operate daily. With the proliferation of the ‘work from home’ concept, many persons have become even more stationary as they spend full days on their couches, tapping on their communication devices while... Full Article
design Artificial intelligence versus clinicians: systematic review of design, reporting standards, and claims of deep learning studies By feeds.bmj.com Published On :: Wednesday, March 25, 2020 - 22:30 Full Article
design Doctor alleged to have performed “designer vagina” surgery won’t be prosecuted By feeds.bmj.com Published On :: Monday, November 28, 2016 - 10:46 Full Article
design Redesigning Primary Care to Improve Diabetes Outcomes (the UNITED Study) By care.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2020-02-20T11:55:29-08:00 OBJECTIVE The effective redesign of primary care delivery systems to improve diabetes care requires an understanding of which particular components of delivery consistently lead to better clinical outcomes. We identified associations between common systems of care management (SysCMs) and the frequency of meeting standardized performance targets for Optimal Diabetes Care (NQF#0729) in primary care practices. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A validated survey of 585 eligible family or general internal medicine practices seeing ≥30 adult patients with diabetes in or near Minnesota during 2017 evaluated the presence of 62 SysCMs. From 419 (72%) practices completing the survey, NQF#0729 was determined in 396 (95%) from electronic health records, including 215,842 patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Three SysCMs were associated with higher rates of meeting performance targets across all practices: 1) a systematic process for shared decision making with patients (P = 0.001), 2) checklists of tests or interventions needed for prevention or monitoring of diabetes (P = 0.002), and 3) physician reminders of guideline-based age-appropriate risk assessments due at the patient visit (P = 0.002). When all three were in place, an additional 10.8% of the population achieved recommended performance measures. In subgroup analysis, 15 additional SysCMs were associated with better care in particular types of practices. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes care outcomes are better in primary care settings that use a patient-centered approach to systematically engage patients in decision making, remind physicians of age-appropriate risk assessments, and provide checklists for recommended diabetes interventions. Practice size and location are important considerations when redesigning delivery systems to improve performance. Full Article
design "Merit-Based" Immigration: Designing Successful Selection Systems By www.migrationpolicy.org Published On :: Fri, 17 May 2019 16:51:28 -0400 With the U.S. administration calling for the United States to adopt a more “merit-based” immigrant selection system, this conversation focused on what policymakers should consider in designing—and managing—immigrant selection systems in a time of intense labor-market and demographic change. Full Article
design "Merit-Based" Immigration: Designing Successful Selection Systems By www.migrationpolicy.org Published On :: Thu, 09 May 2019 15:57:37 -0400 MPI and OECD experts discuss what policymakers should consider in designing and managing immigrant selection systems in a time of intense labor-market and demographic change. Full Article
design Preparing for the Unknown: Designing Effective Predeparture Orientation for Resettling Refugees By www.migrationpolicy.org Published On :: Tue, 30 Apr 2019 09:28:31 -0400 Refugees encounter a range of challenges after resettlement—from adjusting to a new culture and language, to finding a job. Many resettlement countries invest in predeparture orientation to help refugees develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to face these challenges. This report explores the many forms these programs take, highlighting important design questions and key elements that effective programs share. Full Article
design No-Failure Design and Disaster Recovery: Lessons from Fukushima By decisions-and-info-gaps.blogspot.com Published On :: Tue, 09 Aug 2011 10:21:00 +0000 One of the striking aspects of the early stages of the nuclear accident at Fukushima-Daiichi last March was the nearly total absence of disaster recovery capability. For instance, while Japan is a super-power of robotic technology, the nuclear authorities had to import robots from France for probing the damaged nuclear plants. Fukushima can teach us an important lesson about technology.The failure of critical technologies can be disastrous. The crash of a civilian airliner can cause hundreds of deaths. The meltdown of a nuclear reactor can release highly toxic isotopes. Failure of flood protection systems can result in vast death and damage. Society therefore insists that critical technologies be designed, operated and maintained to extremely high levels of reliability. We benefit from technology, but we also insist that the designers and operators "do their best" to protect us from their dangers.Industries and government agencies who provide critical technologies almost invariably act in good faith for a range of reasons. Morality dictates responsible behavior, liability legislation establishes sanctions for irresponsible behavior, and economic or political self-interest makes continuous safe operation desirable.The language of performance-optimization − not only doing our best, but also achieving the best − may tend to undermine the successful management of technological danger. A probability of severe failure of one in a million per device per year is exceedingly − and very reassuringly − small. When we honestly believe that we have designed and implemented a technology to have vanishingly small probability of catastrophe, we can honestly ignore the need for disaster recovery.Or can we?Let's contrast this with an ethos that is consistent with a thorough awareness of the potential for adverse surprise. We now acknowledge that our predictions are uncertain, perhaps highly uncertain on some specific points. We attempt to achieve very demanding outcomes − for instance vanishingly small probabilities of catastrophe − but we recognize that our ability to reliably calculate such small probabilities is compromised by the deficiency of our knowledge and understanding. We robustify ourselves against those deficiencies by choosing a design which would be acceptable over a wide range of deviations from our current best understanding. (This is called "robust-satisficing".) Not only does "vanishingly small probability of failure" still entail the possibility of failure, but our predictions of that probability may err.Acknowledging the need for disaster recovery capability (DRC) is awkward and uncomfortable for designers and advocates of a technology. We would much rather believe that DRC is not needed, that we have in fact made catastrophe negligible. But let's not conflate good-faith attempts to deal with complex uncertainties, with guaranteed outcomes based on full knowledge. Our best models are in part wrong, so we robustify against the designer's bounded rationality. But robustness cannot guarantee success. The design and implementation of DRC is a necessary part of the design of any critical technology, and is consistent with the strategy of robust satisficing.One final point: moral hazard and its dilemma. The design of any critical technology entails two distinct and essential elements: failure prevention and disaster recovery. What economists call a `moral hazard' exists since the failure prevention team might rely on the disaster-recovery team, and vice versa. Each team might, at least implicitly, depend on the capabilities of the other team, and thereby relinquish some of its own responsibility. Institutional provisions are needed to manage this conflict.The alleviation of this moral hazard entails a dilemma. Considerations of failure prevention and disaster recovery must be combined in the design process. The design teams must be aware of each other, and even collaborate, because a single coherent system must emerge. But we don't want either team to relinquish any responsibility. On the one hand we want the failure prevention team to work as though there is no disaster recovery, and the disaster recovery team should presume that failures will occur. On the other hand, we want these teams to collaborate on the design.This moral hazard and its dilemma do not obviate the need for both elements of the design. Fukushima has taught us an important lesson by highlighting the special challenge of high-risk critical technologies: design so failure cannot occur, and prepare to respond to the unanticipated. Full Article
design Designing for resilient energy systems : choices in future engineering / edited by Paul Barnes and Neil Greet. By www.catalog.slsa.sa.gov.au Published On :: Full Article
design Australian government response to the Senate Finance and Public Administration References Committee inquiry report : the appropriateness and effectiveness of the objectives, design, implementation and evaluation of the Community Development Program (CDP) By www.catalog.slsa.sa.gov.au Published On :: Full Article
design Data cities : how satellites are transforming architecture and design / Davina Jackson. By www.catalog.slsa.sa.gov.au Published On :: City planning -- Remote sensing. Full Article
design Easy graphic design for librarians : from color to kerning / Diana K. Wakimoto. By www.catalog.slsa.sa.gov.au Published On :: Libraries -- Marketing. Full Article
design Australia Modern : architecture, landscape & design / Hannah Lewi & Philip Goad. By www.catalog.slsa.sa.gov.au Published On :: Architecture -- Australia -- History -- 20th century. Full Article
design Invisible women : exposing data bias in a world designed for men / Caroline Criado Perez. By www.catalog.slsa.sa.gov.au Published On :: Sex discrimination against women. Full Article
design Managing chaos : digital governance by design / Lisa Welchman. By www.catalog.slsa.sa.gov.au Published On :: Business enterprises -- Computer networks -- Management. Full Article
design Designing the John B Fairfax Learning Centre By www.sl.nsw.gov.au Published On :: Thu, 20 Sep 2018 06:35:44 +0000 The John B Fairfax Learning Centre is officially launched and we look forward to welcoming visitors to this fabulous new Full Article
design Elements of the theory and practice of medicine : designed for the use of students and junior practitioners / by George Gregory. By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: London : H. Renshaw, 1839. Full Article
design Elements of the theory and practice of physic : designed for the use of students / by George Gregory. By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: London : printed for Burgess and Hill, 1825. Full Article
design Minnesota High School Designed for 'Flexibility' By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Thu, 02 Jun 2016 00:00:00 +0000 Alexandria Area High School was created to accommodate changes in education and technology. Full Article Minnesota
design A Pioneer of Public School Redesign Weighs In By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Wed, 27 Feb 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Ted Kolderie, who helped launch the charter school movement through his work in Minnesota, discusses school choice, school accountability, the evolving role of teachers, and more. Full Article Minnesota
design Egypt: a building designated as the palace of Alexander the Great. Coloured engraving, 17--. By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: A Paris (rue St Jacques a l'Hotel Saumur) : chez Mondhare, [between 1760 and 1792] Full Article
design Adaptive two-treatment three-period crossover design for normal responses By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Mon, 04 May 2020 04:00 EDT Uttam Bandyopadhyay, Shirsendu Mukherjee, Atanu Biswas. Source: Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics, Volume 34, Number 2, 291--303.Abstract: In adaptive crossover design, our goal is to allocate more patients to a promising treatment sequence. The present work contains a very simple three period crossover design for two competing treatments where the allocation in period 3 is done on the basis of the data obtained from the first two periods. Assuming normality of response variables we use a reliability functional for the choice between two treatments. We calculate the allocation proportions and their standard errors corresponding to the possible treatment combinations. We also derive some asymptotic results and provide solutions on related inferential problems. Moreover, the proposed procedure is compared with a possible competitor. Finally, we use a data set to illustrate the applicability of the proposed design. Full Article
design A design-sensitive approach to fitting regression models with complex survey data By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Wed, 17 Jan 2018 04:00 EST Phillip S. Kott. Source: Statistics Surveys, Volume 12, 1--17.Abstract: Fitting complex survey data to regression equations is explored under a design-sensitive model-based framework. A robust version of the standard model assumes that the expected value of the difference between the dependent variable and its model-based prediction is zero no matter what the values of the explanatory variables. The extended model assumes only that the difference is uncorrelated with the covariates. Little is assumed about the error structure of this difference under either model other than independence across primary sampling units. The standard model often fails in practice, but the extended model very rarely does. Under this framework some of the methods developed in the conventional design-based, pseudo-maximum-likelihood framework, such as fitting weighted estimating equations and sandwich mean-squared-error estimation, are retained but their interpretations change. Few of the ideas here are new to the refereed literature. The goal instead is to collect those ideas and put them into a unified conceptual framework. Full Article
design Adaptive clinical trial designs for phase I cancer studies By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Thu, 29 May 2014 09:11 EDT Oleksandr Sverdlov, Weng Kee Wong, Yevgen Ryeznik. Source: Statistics Surveys, Volume 8, 2--44.Abstract: Adaptive clinical trials are becoming increasingly popular research designs for clinical investigation. Adaptive designs are particularly useful in phase I cancer studies where clinical data are scant and the goals are to assess the drug dose-toxicity profile and to determine the maximum tolerated dose while minimizing the number of study patients treated at suboptimal dose levels. In the current work we give an overview of adaptive design methods for phase I cancer trials. We find that modern statistical literature is replete with novel adaptive designs that have clearly defined objectives and established statistical properties, and are shown to outperform conventional dose finding methods such as the 3+3 design, both in terms of statistical efficiency and in terms of minimizing the number of patients treated at highly toxic or nonefficacious doses. We discuss statistical, logistical, and regulatory aspects of these designs and present some links to non-commercial statistical software for implementing these methods in practice. Full Article
design On the Optimality of Randomization in Experimental Design: How to Randomize for Minimax Variance and Design-Based Inference. (arXiv:2005.03151v1 [stat.ME]) By arxiv.org Published On :: I study the minimax-optimal design for a two-arm controlled experiment where conditional mean outcomes may vary in a given set. When this set is permutation symmetric, the optimal design is complete randomization, and using a single partition (i.e., the design that only randomizes the treatment labels for each side of the partition) has minimax risk larger by a factor of $n-1$. More generally, the optimal design is shown to be the mixed-strategy optimal design (MSOD) of Kallus (2018). Notably, even when the set of conditional mean outcomes has structure (i.e., is not permutation symmetric), being minimax-optimal for variance still requires randomization beyond a single partition. Nonetheless, since this targets precision, it may still not ensure sufficient uniformity in randomization to enable randomization (i.e., design-based) inference by Fisher's exact test to appropriately detect violations of null. I therefore propose the inference-constrained MSOD, which is minimax-optimal among all designs subject to such uniformity constraints. On the way, I discuss Johansson et al. (2020) who recently compared rerandomization of Morgan and Rubin (2012) and the pure-strategy optimal design (PSOD) of Kallus (2018). I point out some errors therein and set straight that randomization is minimax-optimal and that the "no free lunch" theorem and example in Kallus (2018) are correct. Full Article
design Genomic designing of climate-smart vegetable crops By dal.novanet.ca Published On :: Fri, 1 May 2020 19:44:43 -0300 Callnumber: OnlineISBN: 9783319974156 (electronic bk.) Full Article
design Database design and implementation By dal.novanet.ca Published On :: Fri, 1 May 2020 19:44:43 -0300 Author: Sciore, Edward, authorCallnumber: OnlineISBN: 9783030338367 (electronic bk.) Full Article
design On optimal designs for nonregular models By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Wed, 30 Oct 2019 22:03 EDT Yi Lin, Ryan Martin, Min Yang. Source: The Annals of Statistics, Volume 47, Number 6, 3335--3359.Abstract: Classically, Fisher information is the relevant object in defining optimal experimental designs. However, for models that lack certain regularity, the Fisher information does not exist, and hence, there is no notion of design optimality available in the literature. This article seeks to fill the gap by proposing a so-called Hellinger information , which generalizes Fisher information in the sense that the two measures agree in regular problems, but the former also exists for certain types of nonregular problems. We derive a Hellinger information inequality, showing that Hellinger information defines a lower bound on the local minimax risk of estimators. This provides a connection between features of the underlying model—in particular, the design—and the performance of estimators, motivating the use of this new Hellinger information for nonregular optimal design problems. Hellinger optimal designs are derived for several nonregular regression problems, with numerical results empirically demonstrating the efficiency of these designs compared to alternatives. Full Article
design Bayesian Design of Experiments for Intractable Likelihood Models Using Coupled Auxiliary Models and Multivariate Emulation By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Mon, 13 Jan 2020 04:00 EST Antony Overstall, James McGree. Source: Bayesian Analysis, Volume 15, Number 1, 103--131.Abstract: A Bayesian design is given by maximising an expected utility over a design space. The utility is chosen to represent the aim of the experiment and its expectation is taken with respect to all unknowns: responses, parameters and/or models. Although straightforward in principle, there are several challenges to finding Bayesian designs in practice. Firstly, the utility and expected utility are rarely available in closed form and require approximation. Secondly, the design space can be of high-dimensionality. In the case of intractable likelihood models, these problems are compounded by the fact that the likelihood function, whose evaluation is required to approximate the expected utility, is not available in closed form. A strategy is proposed to find Bayesian designs for intractable likelihood models. It relies on the development of an automatic, auxiliary modelling approach, using multivariate Gaussian process emulators, to approximate the likelihood function. This is then combined with a copula-based approach to approximate the marginal likelihood (a quantity commonly required to evaluate many utility functions). These approximations are demonstrated on examples of stochastic process models involving experimental aims of both parameter estimation and model comparison. Full Article