Title: When Young Adults Vape, Blood Pressure, Heart Rate May Spike
Category: Health News
Created: 4/30/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/1/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Mental Health Problems After First Baby Reduce Likelihood of More Children: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 4/3/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/6/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Do C-Section Babies Become Heavier Adults?
Category: Health News
Created: 4/14/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/15/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Production of Two Excedrin Painkillers Halted
Category: Health News
Created: 1/22/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 1/22/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Health Tip: Preventing Eye Injuries
Category: Health News
Created: 1/17/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 1/17/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Many Americans in the Dark About Eye Health
Category: Health News
Created: 1/26/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 1/27/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Tough Childhoods Are Tough on Adult Hearts: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 5/6/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/7/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Will a Jolt of Java Get Your Creative Juices Flowing?
Category: Health News
Created: 3/9/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/9/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Proposed Cuts in U.S. Food and Health Aid Would Hurt Families
Category: Health News
Created: 3/13/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/16/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: AHA News: Tropical Smoothie Adds a Healthy Green Touch to St. Patrick's Day
Category: Health News
Created: 3/16/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/17/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: AHA News: Is This Nature's Healthier Meat Replacement?
Category: Health News
Created: 3/27/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/30/2020 12:00:00 AM

A new consensus document provides guidance on the safe reintroduction of cardiovascular procedures and testing derailed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Three physicians describe their impressions of video-based evaluations and things to watch out for.

Americans are reporting high levels of emotional distress from the coronavirus pandemic – levels that some experts warn may lead to national mental health crisis.

Title: Health Tip: Should I Get a Cholesterol Test?
Category: Health News
Created: 12/10/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 12/10/2019 12:00:00 AM

PMC includes some journals published by US government agencies that make their articles available under a Creative Commons CC0 (public domain) license. Some other journals also apply a CC0 license to selected articles in PMC. All these articles may be used and reproduced without special permission. However, anyone using the material is requested to properly cite and acknowledge the source.

You may now search for CC0 articles by using special filters in both PMC (cc0 license[filter]) and PubMed (pmc cc0 license[filter]). These filters are based on license information that is provided to PMC by publishers and encoded as machine-readable identifiers in the source XML of each article. For more information, see the Open Access Subset page.

Please bear in mind that these articles, although made available under a CC0 license, may still contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright.

As of August 2016, PMC is home to four million articles! To make this wealth of full-text content easier to navigate, PMC has rolled out a few updates:

1) Search Result Filters
On all search results pages, you will now see filters (similar to PubMed’s filters) on the left-hand side that allow you to filter your results by article attributes, publication date, research funder, and search fields. These filters replace the Limits page and allow you to more readily:

• find open access articles (PMC has more than 1.35 million open access articles that can be reused according to their license statements),
• explore PMC’s rich historical content from NLM's back issue digitization project,
• browse research supported by PMC-participating funding organizations (click "Customize" to view additional funder options),
• and much more.

You can now also quickly add articles that are under a 12-month or less embargo in PMC to your search results by selecting the “Include embargoed articles” filter option under Text Availability. See the PMC User Guide for more information on these filters.

2) Reference List Display
Using related article data available in PMC, articles that cite papers that have been either retracted or named in a Findings of Research Misconduct issued by the HHS Office of Research Integrity and not yet retracted will now include a red hyperlink to the relevant notice directly from the article’s reference list. This update will help users more easily identify post-publication updates to existing research.

Looking for journal articles with associated data sets? New search filters in PMC and PubMed aim to increase the discoverability of articles with associated data information.

In PMC, users can now search on or append searches with filters to discover articles with specific types of associated data, i.e., to find

1. articles with associated supplementary material, use “has suppdata”[filter];
2. articles that include a data availability or data accessibility statement, use “has data avail”[filter]; or
3. articles that include data citation(s), use “has data citations”[filter]

Alternatively, users can run a search on “has associated data”[filter] to find all articles with any type of data section described above.

In PubMed, users can now search on or append searches with data[filter] to find articles with related data links in either the Secondary Source ID field or the LinkOut – Other Literature Resources field (both located below the abstract). These data links may be to records in other NLM databases (e.g., GenBank) or external data repositories (e.g., figshare, Dryad).

The provision and availability of associated datasets still varies widely from article to article, but it is our hope that this small step helps improve the discoverability of this material and supports wider community efforts to advance science in new directions.

On March 13, 2020, the National Science and Technology Advisors from a dozen countries, including the United States, called on publishers to voluntarily agree to make their COVID-19 and coronavirus-related publications and associated data immediately accessible in PubMed Central (PMC) and other appropriate public repositories to support the ongoing public health emergency response efforts.

For more information on which publishers have responded to this call and how to discover COVID-19 and coronavirus-related publications in PMC, see the main COVID-19 Initiative page.

A FAQ is also available. If you have questions not addressed in the FAQ, please contact pmc-phe@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

You can learn more about how this initiative fits into the wider NLM response to the current public health emergency in Dr. Patti Brennan's post, "How Does a Library Respond to a Global Crisis?"

Title: Family Ties Help Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Flourish
Category: Health News
Created: 4/8/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/8/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Health Tip: Treating Chicken Skin
Category: Health News
Created: 1/30/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 1/30/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Modern Livestock Farming Can Pose Public Health Risk
Category: Health News
Created: 5/7/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/8/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: 2 in 3 Women Unhappy With Their Breast Size. Could That Harm Their Health?
Category: Health News
Created: 2/6/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 2/6/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: AHA News: Domestic Abuse May Do Long-Term Damage to Women's Health
Category: Health News
Created: 2/18/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 2/19/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Veltassa (patiromer)
Category: Medications
Created: 3/18/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/18/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Promacta (eltrombopag)
Category: Medications
Created: 4/22/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/22/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: High Testosterone Levels Have Different Health Impact for Men and Women
Category: Health News
Created: 2/10/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 2/11/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Health Tip: Coping With Winter Nosebleeds
Category: Health News
Created: 1/10/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 1/10/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Health Tip: Relieving Hot Flashes
Category: Health News
Created: 10/4/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/4/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: Health Tip: Understanding the Menopausal Transition
Category: Health News
Created: 12/2/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 12/2/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: Sleepy Seniors Have Higher Health Risks
Category: Health News
Created: 3/2/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/3/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Seniors, Getting Off the Sofa Brings Big Health Benefits
Category: Health News
Created: 3/5/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/6/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: AHA News: Dropping Blood Pressure May Predict Frailty, Falls in Older People
Category: Health News
Created: 3/30/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/31/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Heavy Drinking Into Old Age Ups Health Risks: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 4/7/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/8/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Long Periods in Space Alter Astronauts' Brains
Category: Health News
Created: 4/14/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/15/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: When Booze Labels Carry Health Warnings, Drinking Declines: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 5/4/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/4/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Cymbalta (duloxetine)
Category: Medications
Created: 7/11/2007 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 2/12/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Health Tip: Travelling to a High Altitude
Category: Health News
Created: 8/7/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/7/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: Health Tip: Planning a Stress-Reducing Vacation
Category: Health News
Created: 10/18/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/18/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: U.S. Issues Highest Travel Alert for China as WHO Declares Health Emergency
Category: Health News
Created: 1/31/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 2/3/2020 12:00:00 AM

Overexpression of transcription factor 3 in alveolar soft part sarcoma(ASPS) results in upregulation of cell proliferation pathways. No standard treatment algorithm exists for ASPS; multikinase inhibitors[tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)] and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown clinical benefit. To date, no studies have reported on management strategies or sequencing of therapy. We evaluated ASPS treatment patterns and responses in an experimental therapeutics clinic. Genomic and morphoproteomic analysis was performed to further elucidate novel targets. We retrospectively reviewed patients with ASPS treated on clinical trials. Demographic and clinical next-generation sequencing (NGS) profiles were collected. AACR GENIE database was queried to further evaluate aberrations in ASPS. Morphoproteomic analysis was carried out to better define the biology of ASPS with integration of genomic and proteomic findings. Eleven patients with ASPS were identified; 7 received NGS testing and mutations in CDKN2A (n = 1) and hepatocyte growth factor (n = 1) were present. Ten patients were treated with TKIs with stable disease as best response and 4 patients with ICI (three partial responses). Within GENIE, 20 patients were identified harboring 3 called pathogenic mutations. Tumor mutation burden was low in all samples. Morphoproteomic analysis confirmed the expression of phosphorylated c-Met. In addition, fatty acid synthase and phosphorylated-STAT3 were detected in tumor cell cytoplasm and nuclei. Patients with ASPS have a quiescent genome and derive clinical benefit from VEGF-targeting TKIs. Morphoproteomic analysis has provided both additional correlative pathways and angiogenic mechanisms that are targetable for patients with ASPS. Our study suggests that sequential therapy with TKIs and immune checkpoint inhibitors is a reasonable management strategy.

Dysregulation of DNA methylation is an established feature of breast cancers. DNA demethylating therapies like decitabine are proposed for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) and indicators of response need to be identified. For this purpose, we characterized the effects of decitabine in a panel of 10 breast cancer cell lines and observed a range of sensitivity to decitabine that was not subtype specific. Knockdown of potential key effectors demonstrated the requirement of deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) for decitabine response in breast cancer cells. In treatment-naïve breast tumors, DCK was higher in TNBCs, and DCK levels were sustained or increased post chemotherapy treatment. This suggests that limited DCK levels will not be a barrier to response in patients with TNBC treated with decitabine as a second-line treatment or in a clinical trial. Methylome analysis revealed that genome-wide, region-specific, tumor suppressor gene–specific methylation, and decitabine-induced demethylation did not predict response to decitabine. Gene set enrichment analysis of transcriptome data demonstrated that decitabine induced genes within apoptosis, cell cycle, stress, and immune pathways. Induced genes included those characterized by the viral mimicry response; however, knockdown of key effectors of the pathway did not affect decitabine sensitivity suggesting that breast cancer growth suppression by decitabine is independent of viral mimicry. Finally, taxol-resistant breast cancer cells expressing high levels of multidrug resistance transporter ABCB1 remained sensitive to decitabine, suggesting that the drug could be used as second-line treatment for chemoresistant patients.

The invertebrate trace fossils Selenichnites rossendalensis and Crescentichnus tesiltus are recorded and described from the Middle Jurassic Gristhorpe Member of the Cloughton Formation of the Cleveland Basin. This is the first record of these ichnospecies from the basin and now completes the occurrence of these and other traces assumed to have been made by limulids from all three non-marine formations of the Ravenscar Group.

This article describes the development of medical competencies for oral medicine specialty training in the UK and Ireland by a collaborative working group using a modified Delphi technique. The current specialty training curriculum for oral medicine (OM) in the UK was developed by a working group including members of the British Society for Oral Medicine (BSOM) and members of the Specialty Advisory Committee for Additional Dental Specialties (SACADS) and adopted by the UK General Dental Council (GDC) in 2010. When the curriculum was developed, the entry requirements for specialty training in OM included undergraduate degrees in both dentistry and medicine. At the time of adoption, the requirement for a medical degree was removed. Medical competencies were assumed to have been delivered in medical undergraduate and postgraduate training. Accordingly, there was a need to define the medical competencies for OM specialty training to benefit trainees, trainers, and assessors. In 2018, a group comprising specialty trainers, recent former specialty trainees, and current specialty trainees in OM held face-to-face meetings in addition to email discussions and developed an updated curriculum document to better reflect the medical competencies required in specialty training. A collaborative modified Delphi approach was used to evaluate medical foundation competencies and to include only those that were considered relevant to OM specialty training. A list of relevant and achievable medical competencies was determined that has been approved by SACADS and will be incorporated into a revised OM curriculum from the UK GDC. The newly agreed-upon document for medical competencies in OM specialty training will serve as a reference for trainees, trainers, and assessors and reflects a successful use of a modified Delphi approach.

The aims of this study were to qualitatively assess dental public health (DPH) residents’ perspectives on teaching methods for DPH competencies and to develop and implement a case-based simulation to address those competencies, constructed on the basis of the qualitative assessment. Focus group discussions were conducted with 18 DPH residents enrolled in two university-based DPH programs. Topic areas discussed in the two focus groups were perceived value of DPH competencies, ways to acquire new DPH skills/abilities, and additional skills/abilities needed by DPH residents. The focus groups’ responses showed that the residents felt competent in the analytical thinking competencies such as research methodology and critiquing literature. They emphasized the importance of learning leadership skills and reported feeling somewhat uncertain about their mastery of the policy and advocacy and system evaluation competencies. Of the two distinct categories of DPH skills and competencies— analytical/critical thinking and practical competencies—these residents reported that a greater proportion of time needed to be devoted to integrating the practical competencies into their education. Based on the residents’ feedback, the authors developed a structured seminar series taking a case-based approach to simulate real-world DPH problems, using real and semi-hypothetical planning projects to meet the residents’ perceived needs and covering gaps between didactic learning and practice.

Clinical teaching is a cornerstone of health sciences education; it is also the most challenging aspect. The University of Pittsburgh Schools of Dental Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy developed a new evidence-based interprofessional course framed as a faculty learning community (FLC) around the principles of learning in a clinical environment. The aim of this study was to assess the overall effectiveness of this two-semester FLC at four health professions schools in academic year 2014-15. The assessment included anonymous participant surveys in each session and an anonymous end-of-course survey. Thirty-five faculty members from dental, health and rehabilitation sciences, nursing, and pharmacy enrolled in the FLC, with six to 32 enrollees attending each session. All attendees at each session completed the session evaluation surveys, but the attendance rate at each session ranged from 17.1% to 91.4%. Sixteen participants (46%) completed the end-of-course survey. The results showed overall positive responses to the FLC and changes in the participants’ self-reported knowledge. Session surveys showed that the participants found the FLC topics helpful and appreciated the opportunity to learn from each other and the interprofessional nature of the FLC. Responses to the end-of-course survey were in alignment with the individual session surveys and cited specific benefits as being the content, teaching materials, and structured discussions. In additional feedback, participants reported interest to continue as a cohort and to extend the peer-support system beyond the FLC. This outcomes assessment of the first round of the FLC confirmed that this cohort-based faculty development in an interprofessional setting was well received by its participants. Their feedback provided valuable insights for changes to future offerings.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the faculty mentoring practices in seven dental schools in the U.S. A 34-item survey was administered electronically to dental faculty members of all ranks, tracks, and job categories in seven dental schools using faculty listservs. Survey questions addressed current mentoring practices in which the faculty members were involved; their perceptions of those mentoring practices; their perceived characteristics of an ideal mentoring program, mentor, and mentee; perceived best practices; and respondents’ demographics. The survey was conducted from October 2017 to February 2018. A total of 154 surveys were completed (response rate 22%). Over 58% (90/154) of the respondents reported receiving no mentoring; 31.9% (49/154) said they received informal mentoring; and 9.7% (15/154) received formal mentoring. Of the 64 respondents who received mentoring, both formal and informal, 92.2% (59/64) were full-time faculty, and 7.8% (5/64) were part-time faculty (p=0.001). Approximately 39% of the respondents indicated that their mentoring program was not overseen by anyone and that participation was voluntary. The top three perceived benefits of mentoring were increased overall professional development, development of a career plan, and increased professional networks. The three most important characteristics of an ideal mentoring program for the respondents were a program based on the needs of the mentee, a mentor who has the desire to help the mentee, and a mentee who is eager to learn. The results of this study showed a very low level of formal or informal faculty mentoring programs in the dental schools surveyed. Future studies are needed to determine best practices and strategies to expand and enhance mentoring of faculty members.

Despite advances in oral health care, inequalities in oral health outcomes persist due to problems in access. With proper training, primary care providers can mitigate this inequality by providing oral health education, screening, and referral to advanced dental treatment. Diverging sets of oral health competencies and guidelines have been released or endorsed by multiple primary care disciplines. The aim of this study was to transform multiple sets of competencies into Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for oral health integration into primary care training. A scoping review of the literature between January 2000 and December 2016 was conducted according to PRISMA methodology to identify all existing sets of competencies. The following primary care disciplines were included in the search: allopathic/osteopathic medical schools and residency programs in family medicine, internal medicine, and pediatrics; physician assistant programs; and nurse practitioner programs. Competencies were compared using the Health Resources and Services Administration Integration of Oral Health and Primary Care Practice competencies as the foundational set and translated into EPAs. The resulting EPAs were tested with a reactor panel. The scoping review produced 1,466 references, of which 114 were selected for full text review. Fourteen competencies were identified as being central to the integration of oral health into primary care. These were converted to seven EPAs for oral health integration into primary care and were mapped onto Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education residency competency domains as well to the Association of American Medical Colleges EPAs for graduating medical students. The resulting EPAs delineate the essential, observable work required of primary care providers to ensure that oral health is treated as a critical determinant of overall health.

Interprofessional education (IPE) is based on collaborative practices that increase the occasions for communication among those in various health professions. However, there is a paucity of literature about the effectiveness of IPE programs in health professions education. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to objectively assess the literature on the effectiveness of IPE in improving health professions students’ attitudes after training. The major scholarly databases were searched for relevant IPE studies involving predoctoral health professions students. Two independent researchers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of the studies. Meta-analyses of the outcomes were performed using random effects models. Sixteen articles were ultimately selected for detailed review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that IPE training had a significant influence on students’ understanding of collaboration and resulted in better attitudes about interprofessional teamwork. Subscale analysis showed that one subscale score (roles and responsibilities) did not statistically significantly improve after IPE training (p=0.06), whereas the other four subscale items showed statistically significant improvements (p<0.01). The test for overall effects showed that IPE training had a significantly positive influence on students’ attitudes about IPE (Z=6.85, p<0.01). Subgroup results showed that medical students had more positive attitudes about IPE than did dental students. Regardless of profession, women students responded with significantly more positive feedback than did men students (p=0.02). These results suggest that intervention through IPE training has had positive effects in health professions education. Gender was an important factor impacting the outcomes of IPE. However, further clinical practice interventions may be helpful to enhance the IPE competence of health professions students.