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Ekaterina Schulmann

Associate Fellow, Russia and Eurasia Programme

Biography

Ekaterina is a political scientist specializing in the legislative process in modern Russia, parliamentarism and decision-making mechanisms in hybrid political regimes.

She has a PhD in political science and serves as an associate professor at the Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences (MSSES), and senior lecturer at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA). From Dec 2018 to Oct 2019 she was a member of the Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights.

She is the author of the books Legislation as a Political Process and Practical Politology: a guide to the contact with reality (collection of articles), and one of the co-authors of the The New Autocracy: Information, Politics, and Policy in Putin's Russia (Brookings Institution Press 2018), edited by Daniel Treisman.

Ekaterina is a regular contributor to Vedomosti newspaper, The New Times magazine, and online media such as Republica.ru, Colta.ru, Carnegie.ru.

She hosts a weekly program on Echo Moscow radio station dedicated to popularizing political science terminology and concepts, is active on Telegram, and her Youtube channel has a large subscriber audience.

Previously, she worked as a civil servant in local administration, as a deputy’s assistant, political faction analyst and expert in the analytical department of the Russian State Duma, and as legislative affairs director of a consulting company.

Areas of expertise

  • Parliamentarism and legislative process
  • Russian bureaucracy and decision-making mechanisms
  • Modern autocracies, competitive authoritarian political models, hybrid regime
  • Regime transformation and change
  • Social transformative trends: demographic transitions, transformation of labour, consumer behaviour change

Past experience

2019 - presentAssociate professor, Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences (MSSES)
2019 - presentDirector, Center for Legislative Studies, Institute for Social Sciences, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)
2018-19Member, Russian Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights
2017 - presentPresenter, Echo Moscow radio station
2013 - presentSenior lecturer, Department of Public Administration, Institute for Social Sciences of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)
2013 - presentLecturer, Moscow School of Civic Education
2006-11Director, legislative research, The PBN Company
1999-2005Various expert analytical roles, Russian State Duma
1999Senior editor, Russian News and Information Agency Novosti (RIAN)
1996-99Expert, Tula City Administration




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Human

Promise, Yellow and gold and, Crimson; Never make a promise. You cannot keep them. Never say I’ll keep a secret, you Cannot. You’re human. Have loving thoughts for yourself, And for others, Practice loving deeds for yourself, And for others, Lilac spider, Purple sunrise, Effervescent stone, Love wherever, Whomever, You can. -♦Photo – John Foot-♦ […]




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Customer Database Management Software in Mumbai, Pune, Ahmedabad

Customer Database Management Software, Customer Management Software, Customer Database Software in Mumbai, Customer Database Management Software in Pune, Customer Database Management Software in Ahmedabad, India.

Customer Database Management Software






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Customer Relationship Management Software in Mumbai, Pune, Ahmedabad

SalesFundaa is one of the Best Mumbai based Customer Relationship Management Software company in Mumbai, Pune, Ahmedabad. We provide CRM Software System, Build, Manage and Develop Business Relationships with your Customers.




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Lead Management Software in India

We provide CRM Lead Management Software Solution in Mumbai, Pune, Ahmedabad, Andheri, Borivali, Bandra, Goregaon, Juhu, Kandivali, Santacruz, Ghatkopar, Chembur, Dadar, Parel, India




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Best Field Management Software

Salesfundaa is India's Best CRM Order Management System and Field Management Software Company in Mumbai, Pune, and Ahmedabad India. We provide Automated Order and Field management software for retailers, wholesalers and multichannel brands. For more fisit on- https://www.salesfundaa.com/information/blogs/Field_Order_Management_Software




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Order Management Software in Ahmedabad

Salesfundaa is award-winning Order Management Software and Order Management Software company in Mumbai, Pune, Ahmedabad, India. We are providing cloud-based oredr management solution optimizes costs, dispatching, scheduling and reporting.




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How to Manage Ash Clouds

23 May 2011

Felix Preston

Former Senior Research Fellow and Deputy Research Director, Energy, Environment and Resources

The Eyjafjallajökull ash cloud of 2010 exposed serious weaknesses in the ability of governments across Europe to prepare for an aviation crisis and implement effective responses.

One year on considerable efforts have been made to improve scientific understanding, reform the risk management approach and improve coordination at the European level. A major scenario exercise in April this year even took Grimsvötn - the volcano now erupting - as its case study. Successful management of this eruption would have five characteristics:

European countries take a consistent approach

In 2010, European countries made different decisions, based on the same scientific advice, leading to widespread confusion. This is the first test of a new set of guidelines which allows planes to fly in low and medium concentrations of ash, and puts much of the risk assessment decision-making in the hands of the airlines. Ultimately, the responsibility for aviation safety remains with individual countries. Yet a single Europe-wide system for submitting the safety assessments is not yet in place, and Eurocontrol has confirmed that some European states are not yet ready to implement the new approach - especially those who did not take part in the recent scenario exercise.

Decision-making is decisive and transparent at European level

Last time round, European-level organisations took a back seat for nearly a week. A clear structure of decision making across key bodies must emerge if public confidence in decision making is to be maintained - including Eurocontrol, the European Aviation Safety Agency and the European Commission. Coordination will be undertaken through the European Aviation Crisis Coordination Cell (EACCC), an emergency mechanism that has been activated for the first time since Eyjafjallajökull. Transparency at European level is another key test. The detailed remit and composition of the EACCC - including the level of industry participation - remains cloudy.

The aviation industry supports the best available scientific information

The accuracy of Met Office ash maps was a major point of contention between airlines and engine manufacturers on the one hand, and aviation safety regulators on the other. A new ash measuring station in Iceland (still undergoing calibration) and refinements to the modelling has reduced uncertainty, but this can never be an exact science. Tension should have been reduced by the shift of responsibility towards airlines.

Governments provide clear information to the public

Scientific and technology uncertainty is notoriously difficult to communicate, especially when it comes to articulating risks and probability. Yet this is crucial to maintain public confidence in evidence-based decision making. During the last crisis, there was scant public defence of the precautionary principles or safety.

Governments also failed to establish a clear public understanding of passengers' rights when flights are delayed. Instead the media discourse was dominated by airlines duelling through the airwaves to step up pressure to remove the flight ban. Already, it is clear that stakeholders have chosen very different media strategies to last time - notably Eurocontrol which has been lauded online for its activity on social media.

The knock-on consequences of the disruption are managed effectively

A prolonged disruption to aviation would have widespread economic and social impacts. How to manage these impacts has received much less attention over the last twelve months than the issue of when to fly in ash. If Grimsvötn erupts for longer than currently anticipated, similar challenges for cross-border transport management will emerge, followed by questions about appropriate state support for struggling businesses.




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Africa's Responses to Climate Change: Policies to Manage Threat and Create Opportunity

Research Event

23 September 2015 - 12:00pm to 1:30pm

Chatham House, London

Event participants

Dr Fatima Denton, Director, Special Initiatives Division, UN Economic Commission for Africa
Dr Chukwumerije Okereke, Associate Professor, University of Reading
Douglas Brew, Director External Affairs, Communications and Sustainable Living for Africa, Unilever
Chair: Bob Dewar, Associate Fellow, Africa Programme, Chatham House

African countries will be amongst the worst affected by climate change. High levels of poverty and underdevelopment combined with insufficient infrastructure exacerbate the already severe impact of global warming on resources, development and human security. In order to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change, Africa’s leaders need to implement more robust environmental policies, increase local human capacity and encourage renewable energy entrepreneurship. Within international fora, they must better coordinate their position as some of the smallest contributors to global warming.

Ahead of the upcoming UN conference on climate change in Paris, this discussion will examine the prospects for African countries to present a stronger collective voice within the international efforts against climate change, as well as the role that the international community and public and private partners can play in supporting local capacity and lower carbon economic growth.




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The Impacts of the Demand for Woody Biomass for Power and Heat on Climate and Forests

23 February 2017

Although most renewable energy policy frameworks treat biomass as carbon-neutral at the point of combustion, biomass emits more carbon per unit of energy than most fossil fuels. 

Duncan Brack

Associate Fellow, Energy, Environment and Resources Programme

2017-02-15-woody-biomass-climate-forests-brack.jpg

Fuel composed of wood chips to be used for the UEM (Usine d’Electricité de Metz) biomass plant in Metz, eastern France. Photo: Getty Images.

Summary

  • The use of wood for electricity generation and heat in modern (non-traditional) technologies has grown rapidly in recent years, and has the potential to continue to do so.
  • The EU has been, and remains, the main global source of demand, as a result of its targets for renewable energy. This demand is largely met by its own forest resources and supplemented by imports from the US, Canada and Russia.
  • Countries outside the EU, including the US, China, Japan and South Korea, have the potential to increase the use of biomass (including agricultural residues as well as wood), but so far this has not taken place at scale, partly because of the falling costs of competing renewables such as solar PV and wind. However, the role of biomass as a system balancer, and its supposed ability, in combination with carbon capture and storage technology, to generate negative emissions, seem likely to keep it in contention in the future.
  • Although most renewable energy policy frameworks treat biomass as though it is carbon-neutral at the point of combustion, in reality this cannot be assumed, as biomass emits more carbon per unit of energy than most fossil fuels. Only residues that would otherwise have been burnt as waste or would have been left in the forest and decayed rapidly can be considered to be carbon-neutral over the short to medium term.
  • One reason for the perception of biomass as carbon-neutral is the fact that, under IPCC greenhouse gas accounting rules, its associated emissions are recorded in the land use rather than the energy sector. However, the different ways in which land use emissions are accounted for means that a proportion of the emissions from biomass may never be accounted for.
  • In principle, sustainability criteria can ensure that only biomass with the lowest impact on the climate are used; the current criteria in use in some EU member states and under development in the EU, however, do not achieve this as they do not account for changes in forest carbon stock.

Also see Woody Biomass for Power and Heat: Impacts on the Global Climate, which assesses the impact of the use of biomass for energy on greenhouse gas emissions, how these are accounted for under international climate accounting rules, and analyses the sustainability criteria currently in use and under development to minimise negative impacts.




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Randeen Thomas: The Man with the ‘Mix’

IF MIXOLOGY is artistry in motion, then consider the instruments as the canvas, the ingredients as the paint, and Randeen Thomas as the Pablo Picasso of his time, giving spirits new life. Some might be familiar with ‘The Big Belly Bartender’,...




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Island Wedding: A racing romance all the way to ‘I do’

Famous American poet and singer Maya Angelou shared this about matters pertaining to the heart: “Love recognises no barriers. It jumps hurdles, leaps fences, penetrates walls to arrive at its destination full of hope.” What started out as an...




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Lipid Droplet Accumulation in Human Pancreatic Islets Is Dependent On Both Donor Age and Health

Human but not mouse islets transplanted into immunodeficient NSG mice effectively accumulate lipid droplets (LDs). Because chronic lipid exposure is associated with islet β-cell dysfunction, we investigated LD accumulation in the intact human and mouse pancreas over a range of ages and states of diabetes. Very few LDs were found in normal human juvenile pancreatic acinar and islet cells, with numbers subsequently increasing throughout adulthood. While accumulation appeared evenly distributed in postjuvenile acinar and islet cells in donors without diabetes, LDs were enriched in islet α- and β-cells from donors with type 2 diabetes (T2D). LDs were also found in the islet β-like cells produced from human embryonic cell–derived β-cell clusters. In contrast, LD accumulation was nearly undetectable in the adult rodent pancreas, even in hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic models or 1.5-year-old mice. Taken together, there appear to be significant differences in pancreas islet cell lipid handling between species, and the human juvenile and adult cell populations. Moreover, our results suggest that LD enrichment could be impactful to T2D islet cell function.




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Insulin-Deficient Diabetic Condition Upregulates the Insulin-Secreting Capacity of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Pancreatic Endocrine Progenitor Cells After Implantation in Mice

The host environment is a crucial factor for considering the transplant of stem cell–derived immature pancreatic cells in patients with type 1 diabetes. Here, we investigated the effect of insulin (INS)-deficient diabetes on the fate of immature pancreatic endocrine cell grafts and the underlying mechanisms. Human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived pancreatic endocrine progenitor cells (EPCs), which contained a high proportion of chromogranin A+ NK6 homeobox 1+ cells and very few INS+ cells, were used. When the EPCs were implanted under the kidney capsule in immunodeficient mice, INS-deficient diabetes accelerated increase in plasma human C-peptide, a marker of graft-derived INS secretion. The acceleration was suppressed by INS infusion but not affected by partial attenuation of hyperglycemia by dapagliflozin, an INS-independent glucose-lowering agent. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the grafts from diabetic mice contained more endocrine cells including proliferative INS-producing cells compared with that from nondiabetic mice, despite no difference in whole graft mass between the two groups. These data suggest that INS-deficient diabetes upregulates the INS-secreting capacity of EPC grafts by increasing the number of endocrine cells including INS-producing cells without changing the graft mass. These findings provide useful insights into postoperative diabetic care for cell therapy using stem cell–derived pancreatic cells.




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Freeman pleased with Braves' offseason deals

Freddie Freeman spent the offseason sharing excitement about the possibility that Josh Donaldson would not end up being the Braves' only significant offseason addition.




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Wilkerson is Orioles' man of many gloves

Steve Wilkerson enters Orioles camp competing for a super-utility role after a brief big league cameo last year. He isn't traveling light, as Wilkerson has 10 gloves on display.




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Bregman progressing from elbow surgery

Astros third baseman Alex Bregman continues to progress from the arthroscopic elbow surgery he had a month to remove bone chips.




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'Great swing': Bregman tweet thrills young fan

It took only two words for Alex Bregman to send 9-year-old Jax Nystrom into a frenzy, but this kind of reaction -- young people freaking out at the slightest bit of attention from him -- has become commonplace for the Astros' All-Star third baseman.




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Germany offers hope to other Euro leagues

Germany’s decision that football can return this month provided encouragement for players and teams across Europe yesterday that the shutdown caused by the coronavirus pandemic could soon be coming to an end. With COVID-19 infections declining,...




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Caymanas Track operations resume tomorrow

Supreme Ventures Racing and Entertainment Limited, operators of Caymanas Track, has announced the re-opening of the main track, effective tomorrow. The company said in a press release on Thursday evening that the track will be opened for two days...




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Managing multimorbidity in primary care

Multimorbidity presents a number of different challenges, for the patients living with the conditions, but also for the health professionals caring for them in systems that often are not designed with these more complex needs in mind. Emma Wallace, general practice lecturer, and Susan Smith, a professor of general practice at the Royal College of...




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Management of cancer induced bone pain

Bone pain is the most common type of pain from cancer and is present in around one third of patients with bone metastases, currently, improvements in cancer treatments mean that many patients are living with metastatic cancer for several years. Christopher Kane, NIHR academic clinical fellow in palliative medicine at Leeds University School of...




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Mark Folman GP - time pressure and patient care

Mark Folman, a GP in Nottinghamshire, is concerned that more and more work, with more and more patients, means less time with those who really need him. BMJ Voices is a collection of readers’ experiences of working in the NHS. For this, The BMJ is seeking short audio submissions from UK listeners. These submissions will be published on...




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They drained 92L from me - diagnosis and management of pleural effusion

Pleural effusions are common, with an estimated 1-1.5 million new cases in the United States and 200 000-250 000 in the United Kingdom each year. Rahul Bhatnagar, academic clinical lecturer at the University of Bristol, describes how pleural effusions may be investigated and treated in the community and secondary care, with a particular focus on...




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"I thought I was the worst person with type I..." - Self management of diabetes

Nick Oliver, consultant diabetologist at Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust and Philippa Cooper, who has type I diabetes, join us to explain how structured education works for patients, and give tips on self management. Read the full review: http://www.bmj.com/content/352/bmj.i998




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"What has convinced me is the evidence" - why mandatory treatment for drug use is a bad idea

Global evidence indicates that mandated treatment of drug dependence conflicts with drug users’ human rights and is not effective in treating addiction. Karsten Lunze, associate professor at the Boston University School of Medicine, joins us to describe the evidence, and why he is convinced seemingly counter intuitive hard reduction...




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Not just our ethical credibility as a profession, but our shared humanity

"I say to all Australian doctors - young, old, the political and the apolitical - that on this depends not just our ethical credibility as a profession, but our shared humanity. " Following the leaked emails published in The Guardian newspaper, alleging abuse of asylum seekers detained by the Australian government on the Pacific island of Nauru,...




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Nuffield Summit 2017 - Reducing Demand

As the NHS strains under pressure from rising patient activity, an ageing population, and financial constraints, The BMJ hosted a discussion on how clinicians should be helping to manage demand at last week’s Nuffield Trust health policy summit. Taking part are: - Eileen Burns, president of the British Geriatrics Society - Andrew Fernando, GP...




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The evidence manifesto - better trials, better use of trial data

We're creating a manifesto for better evidence. The centre for Evidence Based Medicine at the University of Oxford, and the BMJ, are asking what are the problem with medical evidence, and how can we fix them? In this second discussion we went to Nottingham​ University, to find out what the people who create the bread and butter of EBM -...




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The Evidence Manifesto - it's time to fix the E in EBM

"Too many research studies are poorly designed or executed. Too much of the resulting research evidence is withheld or disseminated piecemeal. As the volume of clinical research activity has grown the quality of evidence has often worsened, which has compromised the ability of all health professionals to provide affordable, effective, high value...




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Manflu - are men immunologically inferior?

Manflu, the phenomenon that men experience the symptoms of viral illness more than woman, is usually used with derision - but a new review, published in the Christmas edition, is asking - is there a plausible biological basis for this sex difference? Kyle Sue is a clinical assistant professor in family medicine at Memorial University of...




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SDGs - How many lives are at stake?

In a new analysis John McArthur and Krista Rasmussen, from the Global Economy and Development Program at the Brookings Institution, and Gavin Yamey from Duke University, have set out to analyse the potential for lives saved by the goals set in the Sustainable Development Goals In this conversation I talked to Gavin and John about the numbers,...




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Evidence in a humanitarian emergency

At evidence live this year, one of the sessions was about the work of Evidence Aid - and their attempt to bring high quality evidence to the frontline of a humanitarian crisis. In that situation, it’s very difficult to know what will work - a conflict, or even immediately post-conflict situation is characterised by chaos - and merely doing...




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Acceptable, tolerable, manageable - but not to patients. How drug trials report harms.

You’ll have read in a clinical trial “Most patients had an acceptable adverse-event profile.” Or that a drug “has a manageable and mostly reversible safety profile.” And that “the tolerability was good overall.” In this podcast, Bishal Gyawali (@oncology_bg) joins us to describe what events those terms were actually describing in cancer drug...




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Goran Henriks - How an 80 year old woman called Esther shaped Swedish Healthcare

Jönköping has been at the centre of the healthcare quality improvement movement for years - but how did a forested region of Sweden, situated between it's main cities, come to embrace the philosophy of improvement so fervently? Goran Henriks, chief executive of learning and innovation at Qulturum in Jönköping joins us to explain. He also tells...




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17 Liam Mannix

Our latest series kicks off with Australia’s multi-award-winning health and science reporter, Liam Mannix. He joins Ray to share his insights into the role and impact of evidence, advocacy and investigative reporting in today’s ever-changing media landscape.




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Fuel selection in human skeletal muscle in insulin resistance: a reexamination

DE Kelley
May 1, 2000; 49:677-683
Articles




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High Incidence of Metabolically Active Brown Adipose Tissue in Healthy Adult Humans: Effects of Cold Exposure and Adiposity

Masayuki Saito
Jul 1, 2009; 58:1526-1531
Metabolism




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Intramyocellular triglyceride content is a determinant of in vivo insulin resistance in humans: a 1H-13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy assessment in offspring of type 2 diabetic parents

G Perseghin
Aug 1, 1999; 48:1600-1606
Articles




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Mechanisms of Pancreatic {beta}-Cell Death in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Many Differences, Few Similarities

Miriam Cnop
Dec 1, 2005; 54:S97-S107
Section III: Inflammation and beta-Cell Death




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Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Human Muscle Is Associated With Changes in Diacylglycerol, Protein Kinase C, and I{kappa}B-{alpha}

Samar I. Itani
Jul 1, 2002; 51:2005-2011
Rapid Publications




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A Preprandial Rise in Plasma Ghrelin Levels Suggests a Role in Meal Initiation in Humans

David E. Cummings
Aug 1, 2001; 50:1714-1719
Rapid Publications




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Quantification of the Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and {beta}-Cell Function in Human Subjects: Evidence for a Hyperbolic Function

Steven E Kahn
Nov 1, 1993; 42:1663-1672
Original Article




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Dysfunction of Mitochondria in Human Skeletal Muscle in Type 2 Diabetes

David E. Kelley
Oct 1, 2002; 51:2944-2950
Metabolism and Signal Transduction




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{beta}-Cell Deficit and Increased {beta}-Cell Apoptosis in Humans With Type 2 Diabetes

Alexandra E. Butler
Jan 1, 2003; 52:102-110
Islet Studies




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Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease

Gerald M Reaven
Dec 1, 1988; 37:1595-1607
Banting Lecture 1988




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Comprehensive Glycomic Analysis Reveals That Human Serum Albumin Glycation Specifically Affects the Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Different Anticoagulant Drugs in Diabetes

Long-term hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes leads to human serum albumin (HSA) glycation, which may impair HSA function as a transport protein and affect the therapeutic efficacy of anticoagulants in patients with diabetes. In this study, a novel mass spectrometry approach was developed to reveal the differences in the profiles of HSA glycation sites between patients with diabetes and healthy subjects. K199 was the glycation site most significantly changed in patients with diabetes, contributing to different interactions of glycated HSA and normal HSA with two types of anticoagulant drugs, heparin and warfarin. An in vitro experiment showed that the binding affinity to warfarin became stronger when HSA was glycated, while HSA binding to heparin was not significantly influenced by glycation. A pharmacokinetic study showed a decreased level of free warfarin in the plasma of diabetic rats. A preliminary retrospective clinical study also revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in the anticoagulant efficacy between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes who had been treated with warfarin. Our work suggests that larger studies are needed to provide additional specific guidance for patients with diabetes when they are administered anticoagulant drugs or drugs for treating other chronic diseases.




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Stop mismanaging our country

THE EDITOR, Madam: TO THE Jamaican Government: there are no trade laws that say you have to buy poison – foreign chicken, beef, produce and other agricultural staples are poisonous. They are chock-full of hormones, antibiotics, fillers, excess...




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Pandemic demands proper nutrition, exercise

THE EDITOR, Madam: On Wednesday at 8:30 a.m., while watching TVJ, I saw Get Moving home workout series. Very good, TVJ and the Ministry of Health, for bringing this workout programme into our homes. Minister Tufton was a participant; he truly...




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In the spirit of serving humanity – Part 2

We continue the positive reinforcement of humane spirit and action when humanity, as a collective, is grappling with an unprecedented calamity. “We shall overcome” is the mantra, and going by the ­indomitable strength we possess, we ­definitely...