During prenatal counseling for prematurity, information is provided to expectant parents to empower them to participate in the medical-care decision-making regarding their child. However, numerous studies have shown that providing information effectively during preterm labor is challenging.

The current study provides evidence that effectiveness of counseling can be improved by providing written information to parents before the face-to-face verbal counseling. Appropriately presented, detailed information improves knowledge and decreases maternal anxiety. (Read the full article)

Preterm born children have cognitive problems that include deficits in working memory. Computer-based working memory training has been reported to improve cognitive function in children.

A computer-based working memory training program designed for preschoolers seems effective in very low birth weight children, not only on working memory tasks, but also by having a generalizing effect regarding memory and learning. (Read the full article)

Expectations are high that electronic health record–based clinical decision support and performance feedback will improve adherence to guidelines by delivering relevant and actionable information to clinicians. Few studies have evaluated these assertions or examined the combined effects of decision support and feedback.

Clinical decision support customized to a patient’s history and presentation and performance feedback are both effective for improving adherence to guidelines for otitis media. However, the combination of the 2 interventions is no better than either delivered alone. (Read the full article)

Obstacles to vaccine delivery, including poverty, reduced access to medical care, and incomplete understanding of vaccine safety and importance, result in suboptimal coverage rates in some populations, allowing for disease outbreaks. Multicomponent interventions are successful in increasing immunization coverage rates.

We show that collaboration with local resources, including the county health department and a large community-based organization, effectively increases immunization coverage rates in low-income, resource-poor children. (Read the full article)

An estimated 9.5% of children are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which affects academic and social outcomes. We previously found significant improvements in ADHD symptoms immediately after neurofeedback training at school.

This randomized controlled trial included a large sample of elementary school students with ADHD who received in-school computer attention training with neurofeedback or cognitive training. Students who received neurofeedback were reported to have fewer ADHD symptoms 6 months after the intervention. (Read the full article)

Preterm infants must develop oral feeding skills before successfully transitioning to home. Pacifier-activated devices playing selected music can improve nonnutritive sucking in preterm infants. A mother’s voice is a positive auditory stimulus for infants.

A brief intervention with a pacifier-activated music player using mother’s voice can decrease tube feeding duration without adverse effects on stress or growth. Operant conditioning with positive reinforcement is an effective developmental strategy to improve preterm infants’ feeding skills. (Read the full article)

Children receive only half of recommended health care; disadvantaged children have higher risk of unmet needs. Practice coaching combined with quality improvement using rapid-cycle feedback has potential to help practices meet quality standards and improve pediatric health care delivery.

The Practice-tailored Facilitation Intervention led to large and sustained improvements in preventive service delivery, including substantial numbers of disadvantaged children, and in multiple simultaneous health care domains. Practice-tailored facilitation holds promise as a method to advance pediatric preventive care delivery. (Read the full article)

Quality improvement (QI) studies generally do not account for concurrent trends of improvement and it is difficult to distinguish the impact of a multihospital collaborative QI project without a contemporary control group.

A multihospital collaborative QI model led to greater declines in hypothermia and invasive ventilation rates in the delivery room compared with an individual NICU QI model and NICUs that did not participate in formal QI activities. (Read the full article)

Application of antenatal corticosteroids to mothers before delivery is highly beneficial to very low birth weight infants. Yet despite widespread quality improvement efforts, many eligible infants fail to receive this therapy.

We demonstrate improvement in antenatal corticosteroid use during the study period. However, significant regional variation persists, which network-level quality improvement efforts might help eliminate. (Read the full article)

Blood cultures are the most widely available diagnostic tool to identify bacterial pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Despite a recent national guideline recommendation for blood culture performance in children with moderate/severe CAP, there is still wide variation across institutions.

Using improvement methodology, we demonstrated that blood cultures can be routinely performed in children admitted for CAP, in accordance with a recent national guideline, without increasing length of stay in a setting with a low false-positive blood culture rate. (Read the full article)

US parents trust the health care system and bring their infant children in for preventive care. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability of health care systems to identify, and sometimes address, the economic needs of low-income families.

Families of newborns at a safety-net primary care center have high levels of economic hardship. Compared with controls, Developmental Understanding and Legal Collaboration for Everyone families had accelerated access to concrete supports, improved rates of on-time immunization and preventive care, and decreased emergency department utilization. (Read the full article)

A Fin24 reader under debt consolidation is left with less than R3 000 per month, finding it impossible to make ends meet. A finance expert responds.

Improvement and innovation have different rules, expectations, and risks. The key is knowing which game you're playing, but getting the balance right between fostering innovation and fighting for equity may be the challenge of our time.

Strategic partnerships could be used to create win-win outcomes, says Sifiso Skenjana.

Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis is a debilitating infection of bone. Treatment of osteomyelitis is impaired by the propensity of invading bacteria to induce pathologic bone remodeling that may limit antibiotic penetration to the infectious focus. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diflunisal was previously identified as an osteoprotective adjunctive therapy for osteomyelitis, based on the ability of this compound to inhibit S. aureus quorum sensing and subsequent quorum-dependent toxin production. When delivered locally during experimental osteomyelitis, diflunisal significantly limits bone destruction without affecting bacterial burdens. However, because diflunisal's "quorum-quenching" activity could theoretically increase antibiotic recalcitrance, it is critically important to evaluate this adjunctive therapy in the context of standard of care antibiotics. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of vancomycin to treat osteomyelitis during local diflunisal treatment. We first determined that systemic vancomycin effectively reduces bacterial burdens in a murine model of osteomyelitis, and identified a dosing regimen that decreases bacterial burdens without eradicating infection. Using this dosing scheme, we found that vancomycin activity is unaffected by the presence of diflunisal in vitro and in vivo. Similarly, locally-delivered diflunisal still potently inhibits osteoblast cytotoxicity in vitro and bone destruction in vivo in the presence of sub-therapeutic vancomycin. However, we also found that the resorbable polyurethane foams used to deliver diflunisal serve as a nidus for infection. Taken together, these data demonstrate that diflunisal does not significantly impact standard of care antibiotic therapy for S. aureus osteomyelitis, but also highlight potential pitfalls encountered with local drug delivery.

One of the reasons for the lengthy tuberculosis (TB) treatment is the difficult to treat non-multiplying mycobacterial subpopulation. In order to assess the ability of (new) TB drugs to target this subpopulation, we need to incorporate dormancy models in our pre-clinical drug development pipeline. In most available dormancy models it takes a long time to create a dormant state and it is difficult to identify and quantify this non-multiplying condition.

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis 18b strain might overcome some of these problems, because it is dependent on streptomycin for growth and becomes non-multiplying after 10 days of streptomycin starvation, but still can be cultured on streptomycin-supplemented culture plates. We developed our 18b dormancy time-kill kinetic model to assess the difference in the activity of isoniazid, rifampicin, moxifloxacin and bedaquiline against log-phase growth compared to the non-multiplying M. tuberculosis subpopulation by CFU counting including a novel AUC-based approach as well as time-to-positivity (TTP) measurements.

We observed that isoniazid and moxifloxacin were relatively more potent against replicating bacteria, while rifampicin and high dose bedaquiline were equally effective against both subpopulations. Moreover, the TTP data suggest that including a liquid culture-based method could be of additional value as it identifies a specific mycobacterial subpopulation that is non-culturable on solid media.

In conclusion, the results of our study underline that the time-kill kinetics 18b dormancy model in its current form is a useful tool to assess TB drug potency and thus has its place in the TB drug development pipeline.

This list looks at seven top South African products disrupting the traditional way of doing finance.

991 people in the US were asked about their mastery of three common tech tasks; the results aren't too encouraging.

Philip M. Farrell
Jan 1, 2001; 107:1-13
ARTICLES

Jeffrey D. Horbar
Jan 1, 2001; 107:14-22
ARTICLES

Cynthia L. Ogden
Jan 1, 2002; 109:45-60
ARTICLES

Seed funding provided by the Huck Institute of the Life Sciences and the Institute for Computational and Data Science is supporting two research teams from the College of Information Sciences and Technology in their efforts to provide faster and more efficient search results to COVID-19 research queries.

The city used the federal Safe Routes to School program to improve the safety of children's trips to school.

The COVID-19 Coronavirus outbreak has been in the news a lot lately, and everyone is probably looking for a quick/easy way to see the data. The best visualization I've seen so far is this dashboard by Johns Hopkins. Here's a screen-capture: But before we dive into the data analysis, let's [...]

The post Improving the Wuhan Coronavirus dashboard appeared first on Graphically Speaking.

This multicenter study analyzes the effects of pediatric inpatient asthma pathways on quality of care across varied hospital settings.

Teachers and parents need to work on communication with one another, two recent studies suggest, and that may be especially true when immigrant students or students of color are involved.

Partnering with parents can help students of any age who have trouble with social or mental health issues. But the devil is in the details, finds an analysis of more than 100 studies.

Additional victims encouraged to contact Consumer Protection Unit The Delaware Department of Justice’s Consumer Protection Unit today announced three indictments, including separate criminal charges against two brothers, in a series of home improvement frauds targeting older Delawareans. Isaac K. Lovell, 44, of Bear was indicted on July 8, 2019 on charges including Racketeering, Conspiracy to […]

Citizen coders and civic technologists from across Delaware are set to take on the state’s second annual Open Data Challenge, harnessing the power of public datasets to come up with new solutions to big statewide problems.

WILMINGTON – Gov. John Carney signed a bill Tuesday that will clarify and enforce workplace fraud rules and create a new registry to oversee contractor activity in the First State. Senate Substitute 1 for Senate Bill 95 passed the Delaware General Assembly earlier this year with nearly unanimous support and incorporates recommendations from a 2018 […]

Volker Grimm, Steven F. Railsback, Christian E. Vincenot, Uta Berger, Cara Gallagher, Donald L. DeAngelis, Bruce Edmonds, Jiaqi Ge, Jarl Giske, Jürgen Groeneveld, Alice S.A. Johnston, Alexander Milles, Jacob Nabe-Nielsen, J. Gareth Polhill, Viktoriia Radchuk, Marie-Sophie Rohwäder, Richard A. Stillman, Jan C. Thiele and Daniel Ayllón: The Overview, Design concepts and Details (ODD) protocol for describing Individual- and Agent-Based Models (ABMs) is now widely accepted and used to document such models in journal articles. As a standardized document for providing a consistent, logical and readable account of the structure and dynamics of ABMs, some research groups also find it useful as a workflow for model design. Even so, there are still limitations to ODD that obstruct its more widespread adoption. Such limitations are discussed and addressed in this paper: the limited availability of guidance on how to use ODD; the length of ODD documents; limitations of ODD for highly complex models; lack of sufficient details of many ODDs to enable reimplementation without access to the model code; and the lack of provision for sections in the document structure covering model design rationale, the model’s underlying narrative, and the means by which the model’s fitness for purpose is evaluated. We document the steps we have taken to provide better guidance on: structuring complex ODDs and an ODD summary for inclusion in a journal article (with full details in supplementary material; Table 1); using ODD to point readers to relevant sections of the model code; update the document structure to include sections on model rationale and evaluation. We also further advocate the need for standard descriptions of simulation experiments and argue that ODD can in principle be used for any type of simulation model. Thereby ODD would provide a lingua franca for simulation modelling.

Agency: DTCC Closing Date: 5/14/2020

Agency: DTCC Closing Date: 5/14/2020

Agency: DOT Closing Date: 5/19/2020

Executive Order creates commission focused on reentry reform, and new office at DOC to oversee implementation WILMINGTON, Del. – Governor John Carney on Tuesday signed Executive Order #27, which focuses on improving reentry procedures for incarcerated individuals in Delaware. The Executive Order creates a commission focused on reentry reform, policies, and procedures, with a goal […]

The Division of Public Health (DPH), along with state and community partners, hosted its annual stakeholder meeting on Wednesday, October 23, 2019, to discuss the Delaware State Health Improvement Plan (SHIP) and present the 2019 annual SHIP report.

DOVER – The Division of Public Health’s Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) will host a public workshop Thursday, Feb. 20, 2020, to present and discuss the Assistance for Small and Disadvantaged Communities Drinking Water Grant, authorized under the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act. The workshop begins at 9:00 a.m., and will be […]

Laurel --

Time and Dates: 7:00 a.m. on March 2, 2020 until spring 2021

Location: Willow Street (Records Pond Dam) between Delaware Avenue and Front Street, Laurel

The Delaware Department of Transportation in conjunction with the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control announces that Records Pond Dam will be closed for improvements to the dam. The closure will include Willow Street across Records Pond Dam and all facilities located adjacent to the dam. These facilities include but are not limited to the boat ramp, pier, parking areas, and pedestrian fishing points. [More]

Georgetown --

Location: Alms House Road between Shortly Road and US 113, Georgetown.

Times and Dates: 7:00 a.m. on Sunday, March 29, 2020 until 7:00 a.m. on Monday, April 20, 2020, pending weather.

Traffic Information: DelDOT announces to motorists that Alms House Road will be closed for the removal of the existing island. [More]

Wilmington --

The Delaware Department of Transportation (DelDOT) announces that Tricon Construction Management of New Castle will begin construction on Monday, April 13, 2020. This project will consist of the following improvements: reconstruction of curb ramps and sidewalk areas in the vicinity of utility poles and driveway entrances to address ADA compliance along Silverside Road from Veale Road to Windybush Road.

Motorists can anticipate daytime lane and/or shoulder closures from 7:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday along Silverside Road. [More]

Middletown --

Dates: Thursday, April 9, 2020 until early-June 2020

Regular Work Hours: 7:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. Monday through Friday, pending weather.

Location: Cedar Lane Road and Marl Pit Road Intersection, Middletown. [More]