Ukraine has achieved remarkable progress on anti-corruption reforms since the 2014 Revolution of Dignity. Despite these major achievements, there is a serious risk of backsliding on reforms, according to a new OECD report.

G20 Leaders are firmly committed to open trade and investment and to resisting protectionism in all its forms. They have mandated WTO, OECD and UNCTAD – the leading international organisations in the area of international trade and investment policies – to monitor policy developments and report publicly on these commitments.

The “Freedom of Investment" (FOI) process hosted by the OECD Investment Committee monitors investment policy developments in the 58 economies that participate in the process. This report covers investment measures taken between 16 February 2017 and 15 September 2017.

9 November 2017, New York With the FCPA’s enactment 40 years ago and 20 years after the adoption of the OECD - Anti-Bribery Convention, the global fight against corruption has changed forever. This conference examined the major impact of these ground-breaking instruments on corporate behaviour and law enforcement priorities.

This enforcement data includes the number of criminal, administrative and civil cases of foreign bribery that have resulted in a final disposition, such as a criminal conviction or acquittal, or similar findings under an administrative or civil procedure.

Compensation for adjudicators is generally considered as a core issue for judicial independence and for attracting good judges in the institutional design for courts. This paper examines compensation systems for adjudicators and dispute settlement administrators in investor-state dispute settlement. The paper uses in part a comparative perspective based on approaches in domestic courts in advanced economies.

The OECD is developing a general Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Business Conduct to provide practical support to companies on the implementation of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. The Due Diligence Guidance contains plain language explanations of the due diligence recommendations and associated provisions in the OECD Guidelines and can be used by companies in any sector of the economy.

The OECD Working Group on Bribery is leading global efforts to fight bribery of foreign public officials in international trade and investment. The fight against foreign bribery is a core shared value that unites all 43 Parties to the Anti-Bribery Convention. This brochure provides a snapshot of 18 years of implementation and enforcement of the Anti-Bribery Convention.

On the occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, this roundtable focused on the impact of the Convention 20 years on, the impact of the Convention on major emerging economies not yet party to the Convention, and the detection of foreign bribery.

This consultation with the private sector and civil society will focus on topics suggested by the stakeholders themselves as well as the WGB's new cross-country project on settlement arrangements.

This page contains all information relating to implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in Lithuania.

Lithuania has taken significant steps to strengthen its legislative framework to combat foreign bribery. Yet further efforts are needed to ensure effective enforcement of anti-bribery laws with regard to corporate liability and imposing sanctions for foreign bribery, including confiscation, according to a new report by the OECD Working Group on Bribery.

The next review of Sweden’s implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, which was scheduled for October 2018, has been delayed until 2019. This is due to the fact that Sweden has not yet enacted legislation to urgently address remaining recommendations to reform its laws on corporate liability for the bribery of foreign public officials.

Australia has stepped up its enforcement of foreign bribery since 2012, when the OECD Working Group on Bribery last evaluated Australia’s implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, with seven convictions in two cases and 19 ongoing investigations.

This paper reviews alleged societal benefits and costs of International Investment Agreements (IIAs) as suggested by academia, governments, business and civil society. It sets out the wide range of issues that diverse actors have proposed in the context of assessing the societal benefits and costs of IIAs.

In the wake of the collapse of the Rana Plaza garment factory in Bangladesh in 2013, initiatives to strengthen regulation of global supply chains in the textile and garment sector have multiplied. Tackling the issues involved requires sustained collaboration among industry, government, worker organisations and civil society. This project promotes such collaboration as well as the harmonisation of existing standards in the sector.

In 2018, the OECD Working Group on Bribery launched its fourth phase of monitoring of Chile, Korea and Mexico's implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention. To assist this evaluation process, the OECD calls for interested parties to provide written submissions on the evaluated countries.

When companies involve stakeholders, such as local communities, in their decision making, it enables them to identify, and account for the impacts of their activities, and contribute to positive social and economic development. To address the challenges raised when engaging with stakeholders, the OECD is preparing a user guide on how to undertake due diligence in engaging with stakeholders for mining, oil and gas enterprises.

This report is part of a series of assessments on Colombian gold supply chains and the OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas. It analyses conditions of mineral extraction and related risks.

16 February 2018 - OECD and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) launched a pilot project in Paris today to kick-start the practical application of the OECD-FAO Guidance for Responsible Agricultural Supply Chains with 30 leading enterprises.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly turning to alternative sources of financing, while new bank lending is declining in a number of countries. Many SMEs remain over-reliant on bank credit, however, and the take-up of instruments other than straight debt varies greatly from one country to another, according to a new OECD report.

As part of the implementation strategy for the recently adopted OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains in the Garment and Footwear Sector, the OECD is conducting a series of surveys that target SMEs operating within the sector.

8 March 2018, Paris - On the occasion of International Woman's Day, senior decision-makers from the public and corporate worlds, experts, academics and stakeholders considered different policy approaches and implementation tools on how to close gender gaps in the private sector.

This report builds on national reviews of seven countries in Southeast Asia. It looks at common challenges across the region and at the interplay between regional initiatives and national reforms.

Paris, 12 March 2018 - The fourth annual OECD Investment Treaty Conference addressed treaty shopping -- a controversial investment treaty issue of policy interest for many governments and stakeholders -- and explored tools to help interested governments improve their investment treaty policies.

Poland must make urgent progress on carrying out key recommendations of the OECD Working Group on Bribery that remain unimplemented, more than four years after its Phase 3 evaluation in June 2013.

This page contains all information relating to implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in Russia.

The consultation on appointing authorities and the selection of arbitrators in investor-state dispute settlement paper and comments received are being made available in order to foster informed public and inter-governmental debate.

The OECD Due Diligence Guidance is being used as the basis and benchmark by many industry initiatives created to ensure the responsible sourcing of minerals. This report presents the findings of a pilot alignment assessment of five industry programmes against the recommendations of the OECD Guidance to gauge the coherence, effectiveness and credibility of these initiatives.

This paper explores the role of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the low-carbon transition in OECD and G20 countries. It tracks GHG emissions and energy investments and analyses the impact of on investments in renewable electricity. A descriptive analysis of SOEs’ role in the electricity sector shows the importance of SOEs, including investments in both renewables and fossil-fuel-based electricity generation.

Many governments seek to promote and facilitate inward investments that they expect will benefit their economy. This paper looks at the merits of an international framework to facilitate investment in support of sustainable and inclusive growth.

This paper examines the implications of digitalisation and digital technologies for international investment and investment policy, with a particular focus on digital policies relating to national security and digital policies directed at business operations.

Latest statistics for global foreign direct investment (FDI) flows and international mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Analysis, trends and forecasts from the OECD using FDI statistics collected in accordance with latest international guidelines.

Portugal recorded a government debt equivalent to 117.70 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2019. Government Debt to GDP in Portugal averaged 80.80 percent from 1990 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 131.50 percent in 2016 and a record low of 50.30 percent in 2000. Generally, Government debt as a percent of GDP is used by investors to measure a country ability to make future payments on its debt, thus affecting the country borrowing costs and government bond yields. This page provides - Portugal Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Portugal recorded a government budget deficit of 667 EUR Million in February of 2020. Government Budget Value in Portugal averaged -3529.54 EUR Million from 1990 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 271 EUR Million in January of 2000 and a record low of -14745 EUR Million in December of 2010. The government budget balance is the difference between government revenues and expenses. The budget is balanced when outlays equal to receipts, the country reports budget surplus when revenues are higher than expenses and deficit when expenses exceed the revenues. This page provides - Portugal Government Budget Value - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Portugal decreased to 54.70 percent in the first quarter of 2020 from 55.30 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Portugal averaged 55.35 percent from 1998 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 59.20 percent in the second quarter of 2002 and a record low of 48.80 percent in the first quarter of 2013. In Portugal, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Portugal Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Indonesia increased to 210.97 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 210.33 points in the third quarter of 2019. Housing Index in Indonesia averaged 150.79 points from 2002 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 210.97 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 100 points in the first quarter of 2002. In Indonesia, housing index refers to the Residential Property Price Index that measures house prices in 16 cities, including small, medium and large houses. This page provides - Indonesia Housing Index- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Portugal increased to 144.10 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 143.12 points in the third quarter of 2019. Housing Index in Portugal averaged 107.98 points from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 144.10 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 92.25 points in the second quarter of 2013. In Portugal, Housing Index measures the evolution of housing prices in the residential market. This page provides - Portugal House Price Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Japan decreased to 111.71 points in December from 113.28 points in November of 2019. Housing Index in Japan averaged 104.46 points from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 116.44 points in January of 2019 and a record low of 97.26 points in October of 2009. In Japan, Housing Index refers to Residential Property Price Index, including prices of land, detached houses and condominiums. This page provides - Japan Construction Starts - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Turkey increased to 123.70 points in February from 120.90 points in January of 2020. Housing Index in Turkey averaged 77.80 points from 2010 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 123.70 points in February of 2020 and a record low of 45.40 points in January of 2010. In Turkey, the Housing Index is measured by the residential property price index. This page provides the latest reported value for - Turkey House Price Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Housing Index in Switzerland decreased to 168.74 points in the first quarter of 2020 from 169.34 points in the fourth quarter of 2019. Housing Index in Switzerland averaged 105.83 points from 1970 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 169.34 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 35.65 points in the first quarter of 1970. In Switzerland, housing index refers to Residential House Price Index of single-family homes. This page provides - Switzerland House Price Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in Angola decreased to 2508 USD Million in 2018 from 3063 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Angola averaged 3250.97 USD Million from 1988 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 7798 USD Million in 2014 and a record low of 207 USD Million in 1992.

Government Spending in Angola increased to 3812.80 AOA Billion in 2017 from 3480.10 AOA Billion in 2016. Government Spending in Angola averaged 2151.02 AOA Billion from 2003 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 3812.80 AOA Billion in 2017 and a record low of 390.80 AOA Billion in 2003. Government Spending refers to public expenditure on goods and services and is a major component of the GDP. Government spending policies like setting up budget targets, adjusting taxation, increasing public expenditure and public works are very effective tools in influencing economic growth. This page provides - Angola Government Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Revenues in Angola increased to 3667.80 AOA Billion in 2017 from 3514.50 AOA Billion in 2016. Government Revenues in Angola averaged 2900.15 AOA Billion from 2003 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 5053.80 AOA Billion in 2012 and a record low of 394.90 AOA Billion in 2003. Government Revenues refer to all receipts the government gets, including taxes, custom duties, revenue from state-owned enterprises, capital revenues and foreign aid. Government Revenues are part of government budget balance calculation. This page provides - Angola Government Revenues- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Angola recorded a Current Account surplus of 1894.10 USD Million in 2019. Current Account in Angola averaged 1723.37 USD Million from 1990 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 13853.30 USD Million in 2012 and a record low of -10272.80 USD Million in 2015. Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid). This page provides - Angola Current Account - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Employment Rate in Angola decreased to 60.30 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 60.90 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Angola averaged 61.15 percent from 2018 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 61.80 percent in the second quarter of 2019 and a record low of 60.30 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019. This page provides - Angola Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Angola recorded a government budget deficit of 1139.90 AOA Billion in 2017. Government Budget Value in Angola averaged -13.59 AOA Billion from 2003 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 1000.90 AOA Billion in 2011 and a record low of -1139.90 AOA Billion in 2017. The government budget balance is the difference between government revenues and expenses. The budget is balanced when outlays equal to receipts, the country reports budget surplus when revenues are higher than expenses and deficit when expenses exceed the revenues. This page provides - Angola Government Budget Value- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This country note explains how Denmark taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

Government at a Glance provides a dashboard of key indicators to help you analyse international comparisons of public sector performance.

The tax-to-GDP ratio in Denmark decreased by 0.8 percentage points from 45.7% in 2017 to 44.9% in 2018. The corresponding figure for the OECD average was a slight increase of 0.1 percentage point from 34.2% to 34.3% over the same period.