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Glucosamine Use, Inflammation, and Genetic Susceptibility, and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study in UK Biobank

OBJECTIVE

Glucosamine is a widely used supplement typically taken for osteoarthritis and joint pain. Emerging evidence suggests potential links of glucosamine with glucose metabolism, inflammation, and cardiometabolic risk. We prospectively analyzed the association of habitual glucosamine use with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and assessed whether genetic susceptibility and inflammation status might modify the association.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This study analyzed 404,508 participants from the UK Biobank who were free of diabetes, cancer, or cardiovascular disease at baseline and completed the questionnaire on supplement use. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between habitual use of glucosamine and risk of incident T2D.

RESULTS

During a median of 8.1 years of follow-up, 7,228 incident cases of T2D were documented. Glucosamine use was associated with a significantly lower risk of T2D (hazard ratio 0.83, 95% CI 0.78–0.89) after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, race, center, Townsend deprivation index, lifestyle factors, history of disease, and other supplement use. This inverse association was more pronounced in participants with a higher blood level of baseline C-reactive protein than in those with a lower level of this inflammation marker (P-interaction = 0.02). A genetic risk score for T2D did not modify this association (P-interaction = 0.99).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicate that glucosamine use is associated with a lower risk of incident T2D.




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Targeting CXCR1/2 Does Not Improve Insulin Secretion After Pancreatic Islet Transplantation: A Phase 3, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE

Reparixin is an inhibitor of CXCR1/2 chemokine receptor shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory adjuvant in a pilot clinical trial in allotransplant recipients.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-assignment study (NCT01817959) was conducted in recipients of islet allotransplants randomized (2:1) to reparixin or placebo in addition to immunosuppression. Primary outcome was the area under the curve (AUC) for C-peptide during the mixed-meal tolerance test at day 75 ± 5 after the first and day 365 ± 14 after the last transplant. Secondary end points included insulin independence and standard measures of glycemic control.

RESULTS

The intention-to-treat analysis did not show a significant difference in C-peptide AUC at both day 75 (27 on reparixin vs. 18 on placebo, P = 0.99) and day 365 (24 on reparixin vs. 15 on placebo, P = 0.71). There was no statistically significant difference between treatment groups at any time point for any secondary variable. Analysis of patient subsets showed a trend for a higher percentage of subjects retaining insulin independence for 1 year after a single islet infusion in patients receiving reparixin as compared with patients receiving placebo (26.7% vs. 0%, P = 0.09) when antithymocyte globulin was used as induction immunosuppression.

CONCLUSIONS

In this first double-blind randomized trial, islet transplantation data obtained with reparixin do not support a role of CXCR1/2 inhibition in preventing islet inflammation-mediated damage.




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The Dysfunction of Functions in Abstract Algebra

Kathleen Melhuish & Kristen Lew Texas State University “[Functions] are completely different, which is what makes this course so challenging.” – Abstract Algebra Student Functions are hard for students, even students in abstract algebra courses. Even if students have seen … Continue reading




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Help! I need to teach my course online and I’ve never done this before

By: Yvonne Lai, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Ray Levy, Mathematical Association of America This is cross-posted in MathValues and Abbe Herzig has written a companion post. Additional resources and future meetings are also available here: https://tinyurl.com/OnlineTalkshop. In times of crisis we … Continue reading




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Soccer: Germany's Bundesliga approved to return in mid-May

The Bundesliga -- Germany's top soccer league -- will be allowed to resume in May after German Chancellor Angela Merkel lifted some lockdown restrictions in the country on Wednesday amid the coronavirus pandemic.




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Dallas Cowboys sign former first-round pick Cameron Erving

The Dallas Cowboys agreed to terms with free-agent offensive lineman Cameron Erving, the team announced Wednesday.




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Cleveland Cavaliers planning to reopen training facility Friday

The Cleveland Cavaliers are planning to reopen their training facility for limited individual workouts amid the coronavirus pandemic.




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NFL lays out protocols for reopening of team facilities

The NFL outlined protocols Wednesday for the gradual reopening of team facilities amid the coronavirus pandemic.




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Ex-MLB players in spotlight as world turns to Asia for baseball

Playing in Taiwan once was a last option Justin Nicolino had to continue a professional baseball career. Now the former Miami Marlins pitcher is one of many ex-MLB players who provide entertainment for U.S. sports fans.




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New Cowboys QB Andy Dalton believes he's 'a starter'

Dalton signed with the Cowboys on Monday after he was released May 30. Dak Prescott has started every game for the Cowboys since 2016.




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Kentucky Wildcats land star Wake Forest transfer Olivier Sarr

The University of Kentucky has landed a commitment from former Wake Forest big man Olivier Sarr, one of the top transfers ahead of the 2020 season.




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Soccer: Bundesliga return includes Dortmund on May 16, Bayern Munich, May 17

The German Bundesliga released its full soccer schedule Thursday after German officials announced that the league is allowed to resume games after they were suspended due to the coronavirus pandemic.




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Michigan coach Jim Harbaugh proposes major changes to NFL Draft eligibility rules

Michigan coach Jim Harbaugh is urging the NFL and NCAA to amend their rules and provide flexibility to college football players who consider making the jump to the next level.




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Former Denver Broncos QB Joe Flacco underwent neck surgery

Former Denver Broncos quarterback Joe Flacco, who remains a free agent, could miss the start of the 2020 season after he underwent neck surgery.




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Peyton Manning trash talks Tom Brady before May 24 golf match

Former star quarterback Peyton Manning delivered some trash talk to Tampa Bay Buccaneers star Tom Brady while they promoted their May 24 charity golf match.




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Bryce Harper calls MLB 'dumb' to keep stars out of Olympics

Philadelphia Phillies star Bryce Harper thinks Major League Baseball is "dumb" for its policy that makes the Olympics off-limits for baseball's best players.




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Giannis Antetokounmpo sorry for hacked tweets about Kobe Bryant, LeBron James

Milwaukee Bucks star Giannis Antetokounmpo has apologized after he said someone hacked his Twitter account to send inappropriate tweets about several athletes, including LeBron James, Stephen Curry and Kobe Bryant.




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Japan offers weekend's only top-level event as horse racing struggles to resume

Coronavirus brings worldwide horse racing almost to a halt, with only one Grade 1 event on the weekend schedule, but rays of hope exist.




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New Orleans Saints release Pro Bowl OL Larry Warford

The New Orleans Saints released Pro Bowl offensive lineman Larry Warford after three seasons, the team announced Friday.




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Diabetes in the Emergency Department: Acute Care of Diabetes Patients

Candace D. McNaughton
Apr 1, 2011; 29:51-59
Feature Articles




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Case Study: Seizures and Hypoglycemia

Michael R. Brennan
Jan 1, 2012; 30:23-24
Case Studies




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Case Study: Type 1 and Type 2, Too?

Heidi L. Gassner
Jul 1, 2003; 21:
Case Studies




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How Foods Affect Blood Glucose: Glycemic Impact


Oct 1, 2011; 29:161-161
Patient Information




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Elevated Liver Function Tests in Type 2 Diabetes

Elizabeth H. Harris
Jul 1, 2005; 23:115-119
Feature Articles




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Case Study: A 43-Year-Old Man With Perineal Pain and Swelling

David J. Meier
Oct 1, 2001; 19:
Case Studies




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Glucose, Advanced Glycation End Products, and Diabetes Complications: What Is New and What Works

Melpomeni Peppa
Oct 1, 2003; 21:
Council's Voice




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Case Study: Renal Disease in Type 1 Diabetes

William H. Herman
Apr 1, 2001; 19:
Case Studies




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What Did the Doctor Say?


Sep 1, 2010; 28:176-176
Patient Information




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Insulin Therapy: A Personal Approach

Mayer B. Davidson
Jul 1, 2015; 33:123-135
Feature Articles




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Injecting Insulin: Taking shots safely, correctly, and with little or no pain


Jan 1, 2013; 31:46-46
Patient Information




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The Weighty Issue of Low-Carb Diets, or Is the Carbohydrate the Enemy?

Jennifer B. Marks
Oct 1, 2004; 22:155-156
Editorials




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Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Young Adults: A "New Epidemic"

Francine Ratner Kaufman
Oct 1, 2002; 20:
President's Pen




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Medical Nutrition Therapy: A Key to Diabetes Management and Prevention

Sara F. Morris
Dec 1, 2010; 28:12-18
Feature Articles




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Treatment of Onychomycosis in Diabetic Patients

Jason A. Winston
Oct 1, 2006; 24:160-166
Feature Articles




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A 52-Year-Old Woman With Hypertension and Diabetes Who Presents With Chest Pain

George D. Harris
Jul 1, 2007; 25:115-118
Case Studies




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Hypoglycemia in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Management

Vanessa J. Briscoe
Jul 1, 2006; 24:115-121
Feature Articles




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Diabetes Management Issues for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Kerri L. Cavanaugh
Jul 1, 2007; 25:90-97
Feature Articles




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The Diabetes Code: Prevent and Reverse Type 2 Diabetes Naturally

Renza Scibilia
Jul 1, 2019; 37:302-303
Book Reviews




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Management of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Andrew J.M. Boulton
Jan 1, 2005; 23:9-15
Feature Articles




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Case Study: Postsexual Penile Ulcer as a Symptom of Diabetes

Nehman Lauder
Oct 1, 2005; 23:191-192
Case Studies




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A Review of the Pathophysiology, Classification, and Treatment of Foot Ulcers in Diabetic Patients

Warren Clayton
Mar 1, 2009; 27:52-58
Features




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Case Study: New-Onset Diabetes: How to Tell the Difference Between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

Joseph Largay
Jan 1, 2012; 30:25-26
Case Studies




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Hypoglycemia? Low Blood Glucose? Low Blood Sugar?


Jan 1, 2012; 30:38-38
Patient Information




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Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes--2018 Abridged for Primary Care Providers

American Diabetes Association
Jan 1, 2018; 36:14-37
Position Statements




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Case Study: Treating Hypertension in Patients With Diabetes

Evan M. Benjamin
Jul 1, 2004; 22:137-138
Case Studies




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Diabetes and Erectile Dysfunction

Neelima V. Chu
Jan 1, 2001; 19:
Practical Pointers




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Inpatient Management of Hyperglycemia and Diabetes

Vasudev Magaji
Jan 1, 2011; 29:3-9
Feature Articles




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Case Study: Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Type 2 Diabetes: "Look Under the Sheets"

Brian J. Welch
Oct 1, 2004; 22:198-200
Case Studies




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Diabetes and Your Joints


Jul 1, 2001; 19:
Patient Information




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Obesity in America: It's Getting Worse

Jennifer B. Marks
Jan 1, 2004; 22:
Editorials