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Inhibition of the polyamine synthesis enzyme ornithine decarboxylase sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to cytotoxic chemotherapy [Molecular Bases of Disease]

Treatment of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is limited by a lack of effective molecular therapies targeting this disease. Recent studies have identified metabolic alterations in cancer cells that can be targeted to improve responses to standard-of-care chemotherapy regimens. Using MDA-MB-468 and SUM-159PT TNBC cells, along with LC-MS/MS and HPLC metabolomics profiling, we found here that exposure of TNBC cells to the cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs cisplatin and doxorubicin alter arginine and polyamine metabolites. This alteration was because of a reduction in the levels and activity of a rate-limiting polyamine biosynthetic enzyme, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Using gene silencing and inhibitor treatments, we determined that the reduction in ODC was mediated by its negative regulator antizyme, targeting ODC to the proteasome for degradation. Treatment with the ODC inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) sensitized TNBC cells to chemotherapy, but this was not observed in receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Moreover, TNBC cell lines had greater sensitivity to single-agent DFMO, and ODC levels were elevated in TNBC patient samples. The alterations in polyamine metabolism in response to chemotherapy, as well as DFMO-induced preferential sensitization of TNBC cells to chemotherapy, reported here suggest that ODC may be a targetable metabolic vulnerability in TNBC.




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DHS herding people on to an imperfect system in myGov

Over the past few weeks I have been answering calls for the myGov helpdesk.




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Australian Federal Police walk away from $145 million Israeli crime-fighting software deal

Police walk away from deal with contractor, conceding numerous issues have put project beyond rescue.




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iiNet CEO David Buckingham leaves company

CEO of Perth-based internet service provider iiNet, David Buckingham, has left the company, according to multiple sources.




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Public servants warned off internet sex and cheating sites after Ashley Madison hack

Marriage vows are one thing, but the public service Code of Conduct, that's serious.




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Why we need to stop car crash 'women in tech' panels and actually break the glass ceiling

Women in tech panels seldom have anything to offer besides fortune-cookie wisdom and repackaged logic.




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Australians are avoiding cash-only businesses: survey

As internet banking and tap-and-go cards become ubiquitous, Australians are beginning to reject businesses that operate on a cash only basis.




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Sydney start-up Suppertime acquired by food delivery giant

Australian premium restaurant delivery service Suppertime has been snapped by a major international company, as the local food delivery market continues to heat up.




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St George, Bank of Melbourne and BankSA outage to be fixed on Monday night, St George says

St George, Bank of Melbourne and BankSA customers begin to regain access to their accounts after a system outage.




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StartupWeek Sydney readies for launch

StartupWeek Sydney 2015 starts on Friday, and 5000 people are expected to attend more than 50 events to celebrate and strengthen the city's thriving start-up community.




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Cyber security expert issues dire warning over vulnerability of key infrastructure

Data theft and cybercrime is a major source of funding for Islamic State which is likely to have secretly planted insiders "around the world" in positions where critical data could be extracted and exploited, a leading cyber security expert has warned.




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Centrelink blocks 60,000 calls a day, blames smartphone apps

Centrelink blocked 22m phone calls last year, with smartphone apps blamed for inflating the figures.




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Cyber thieves target tax time

Tens of thousands of taxpayers forced to wait for refunds amid suspicion of identity theft.




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Public service to ban paper in boxes: New digital policy to make sweeping reforms across APS

One powerful agency head warns against "tyranny of small person" as sweeping reforms released for public service.




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Australian public service's 'gap in capability' to deal with digital revolution

State of the Service report outlines the major hurdle to digital reform.




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Five hundred tax file numbers hacked every day

Identity thieves can now get into employers' payroll systems, but ATO says it's systems are safe.




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Australian companies targeted by identity thieves for tax frauds

Australian companies are having their identities hijacked by international criminals who use them to try to defraud the Australian Taxation Office.




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Open government data to public use, and Australia may start to catch up with the world

Public servants need to ditch the control and encourage entrepreneurship.




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Identity fraudsters attack Tax Office at least 11,000 times in one year

The ATO has been targeted more than 11,000 times by identity fraudsters attempting to steal tax refunds in 2014-15.




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Australia vulnerable to a cyber-attack disaster

Australian government agencies and organisations are increasingly vulnerable to a major cyber attack yet security has not evolved in more than 20 years, according to an international cybercrime expert.




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Taxpayer records exposed by serious ATO, myGov security flaw

Taxpayer says he was hung up on twice by call centre staff when trying to report the issue.




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New website allows youth to report cyber bullying at ACT libraries

A new pilot website will also make it easier for material to be taken off the internet.




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Anonymous group hacks Islamic State, tells them to chill out: reports

Terrorists' propaganda appears to be shifting to the Dark Web so that it will be harder to shut down.




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Bureau of Meteorology computers breached, ABC reports

Australia's Bureau of Meteorology has reportedly had its computer systems breached.




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Delayed Australian data breach notification bill lands

Australians will be informed of certain breaches of their personal information under new laws being proposed by the Turnbull government, but only if the company or organisation breached turns over $3 million in revenue a year.




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Pro sport and big data: coaches may be more in favour than athletes

Professional sport is still working out how to tackle big data and understand how technology can assist elite athletes, according to top-level sports sports officials in the United States.




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Centrelink's IT meltdown hits the disability pension

Centrelink's tech woes disrupts Disability Pension medical crackdown.




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ACT Health bogged down by outdated faxes

Archaic technology wasting time for Canberrans is in the target of new federal agency.




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Centrelink wrongly hits 70,000 families with bills for up to $726

Computer glitch blamed as welfare agency hits tens of thousands with bills for money that is not owed.




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Telstra privacy breach leaves customer's voicemail exposed

Richard Thornton did a factory reset on his second-hand iPhone 5, but the buyer kept receiving his voicemail.




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Troubled myGov website to be taken from Human Services and given to Digital Transformation Office for streamlining

Malcolm Turnbull's DTO has been critical of myGov, now it has the chance to show it can do better.




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Remembering the failed Aussie start-ups of yesteryear

Failed start-ups are a dime a dozen. But you wouldn't know it from the Australian market which, unlike that of our American cousins, prefers to hide its failures and slink quietly into that good night instead of exploring the lessons gleaned from failure.




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Why Hollywood animation powerhouses are resisting the cloud

Despite new performance bottlenecks, the digital animation and visual effects industry is very reluctant to move their productions to the cloud, according to Sydney's Animal Logic.




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MyGov to feel the audit blowtorch

Human Service to face National Audit Office scrutiny. Again.




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Apple v FBI: what the fight is about and why you should care

Apple is in the middle of a legal fight with the FBI over creating a 'back door' to unlock a terrorist's iPhone.




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Recruitment drive for cyber security specialists will bring challenges for government

Fear government's cyber security recruitment drive will lead to job cuts.




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Malcolm Turnbull promises $50 million reboot for troubled myGov

Takeover of troubled portal by Digital Transformation Office confirmed




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Government agencies name cybercrime as their top fraud risk: PwC

The 'typical' corrupt bureaucrat is a male, university-educated middle manager, aged 41 to 50.




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Call for a cyber security reserve corps to help fight major attacks

Experienced volunteers would help fight major online threats to governments, private industry and civil institutions.




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Centrelink apologises for new privacy breach

Rookie email error shares hundred of email addresses – twice.




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ATO fumes after cyber criminals attack myGov portal during last days of Tax Time 2016

Tensions emerge between Tax Office and Human Services after hackers take down myGov




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Digital Transformation Agency boss Paul Shetler resigns

Agile government takes a stumble as digital pioneer logs off after just six weeks.




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Can the government really protect your privacy when it 'de-identifies' public data?

We don't really know to how to use big data and protect personal information at the same time.




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Brisbane City Council IT contract faces potential $60 million blow-out

A $122 million Brisbane City Council IT contract will be renegotiated after a systems replacement program was delayed by 18 months, with a potential cost blow-out of up to $60 million.




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Auditor-general exposes weaknesses in ACT government's IT systems

Electronic sexual health records and the births, deaths and marriages registry have been left exposed.




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How federal government departments are protecting Australians' data against cyber hack

Cyber Security Minister Dan Tehan says the government can't rule out vulnerabilities to cyber threats.




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Australia's Cyber Security Strategy: weaknesses, yes, but we're improving

The online world changes so fast it was always going to be tough to design a four-year strategy.




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Latest ATO online system failure hits at peak tax time

Outages have hit the Tax Office's IT system on Wednesday.




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Brisbane City Council terminates $122 million IT contract

Brisbane CIty Council has terminated a $122 million IT contract that had been plagued with cost blow outs and lengthy delays.




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Quirk's integrity questioned over failure to release "secret" IT report

Opposition councillors have called Brisbane's Lord Mayor Graham Quirk secretive and accused him of putting his integrity at stake over the failure to release an external review into the now terminated $122 million IT contact with Technology One.