Title: China Withholding H7N9 Bird Flu Virus Samples From U.S.
Category: Health News
Created: 8/31/2018 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/31/2018 12:00:00 AM

Title: Taming Those High-Calorie Temptations
Category: Health News
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Title: Brain Implant Puts the Brakes on Epileptic Seizures in Mice
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Created: 8/30/2018 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Judge Orders Johnson & Johnson to Pay $572 Million Over Opioid Drug Crisis
Category: Health News
Created: 8/27/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: Concussions May Leave Former NFL Players With Another Issue: Impotence
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Created: 8/26/2019 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Vaping May Trigger Lung Damage Like That Seen in Emphysema
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2019 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Jumps in Pot Use, Depression and Drinking Threaten Gains Against Smoking
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Title: Alex Trebek Back Hosting 'Jeopardy!' After Completing Chemotherapy
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Title: Mumps Outbreaks Hitting U.S. Migrant Detention Centers
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Title: Brutus & Barnaby Pig Ear Treats For Dogs Recalled
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Created: 8/29/2019 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Blood Pressure Meds Could Improve Survival in COVID-19 Patients
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: AHA News: Preeclampsia May Double a Woman's Chances for Later Heart Failure
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2020 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Thousands of COVID Cases Already on College Campuses
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2020 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Olympian Usain Bolt Reported to Have COVID-19
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Maine Summer Camps Identified, Isolated COVID-19 Cases
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Created: 8/27/2020 12:00:00 AM
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Title: President Trump Promises a COVID Vaccine Before the End of the Year
Category: Health News
Created: 8/28/2020 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Age Can Impair a Man's Odds for Fatherhood: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 8/23/2021 12:00:00 AM
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Created: 8/24/2021 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Fatal ODs From Illicit Tranquilizers Jumped 6-Fold During Pandemic
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2021 12:00:00 AM
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Title: What Are Symptoms of a Silent Migraine?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 6/17/2022 12:00:00 AM
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Title: AHA News: Obstacles Didn't Stop This Heart Defect Survivor From Competing on 'American Ninja Warrior
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Title: AHA News: New Report Details What to Know About Cardiovascular Disease Symptoms
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Title: 7 Scrumptious Drinks That Are High in Iron
Category: Health and Living
Created: 8/26/2022 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Does Hot Chocolate Have Caffeine? Hot Chocolate vs. Coffee & Tea
Category: Health and Living
Created: 8/26/2022 12:00:00 AM
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Title: People Underestimate Impact of Random Acts of Kindness
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Title: 12 Best Compression Leggings in 2022
Category: Health and Living
Created: 8/16/2022 12:00:00 AM
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Title: How to Manage Menopause Symptoms After Breast Cancer
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 7/7/2022 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Self-Employed Women Are Often Healthier: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 8/8/2022 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Is Syphilis Completely Curable?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 7/15/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/15/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Erectile Dysfunction (ED, Impotence)
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 12/31/1997 12:00:00 AM
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Title: When Hospital Patient & Doctor Speak Same Language, Outcomes Improve
Category: Health News
Created: 7/11/2022 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Salicylate Sensitivity Causes, Symptoms, and Foods to Avoid
Category: Health and Living
Created: 7/8/2022 12:00:00 AM
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Title: Postpartum Depression Can Hit Both Mom & Dad, Sometimes at Same Time
Category: Health News
Created: 6/27/2022 12:00:00 AM
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Title: What Are 4 Symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 12/10/2021 12:00:00 AM
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Extract

Living with a respiratory illness requires patients to manage a wide range of symptoms, many of which will worsen as a disease progresses. Breathlessness is a hallmark feature of respiratory conditions, occurring in almost all individuals with COPD and interstitial lung disease (ILD) [1, 2]. Cough is present in 78% of people with ILD and is frequently distressing, with physical, social and emotional impacts [1, 3].

Background

Immature lung development and respiratory morbidity place preterm-born children at high risk of long-term pulmonary sequelae. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify lung function in preterm-born children and identify risk factors for a compromised lung function.

Background

People living with serious respiratory illness experience a high burden of symptoms. This review aimed to determine whether multicomponent services reduce symptoms in people with serious illness related to respiratory disease.

Background

In adults with serious respiratory illness, breathlessness is prevalent and associated with reduced health-related quality of life. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of breathing techniques on breathlessness in adults with serious respiratory illness.

Background

People living with serious respiratory illness experience a high burden of distressing symptoms. Although opioids are prescribed for symptom management, they generate adverse events, and their benefits are unclear.

PWAS (proteome-wide association study) is an innovative genetic association approach that complements widely used methods like GWAS (genome-wide association study). The PWAS approach involves consecutive phases. Initially, machine learning modeling and probabilistic considerations quantify the impact of genetic variants on protein-coding genes’ biochemical functions. Secondly, for each individual, aggregating the variants per gene determines a gene-damaging score. Finally, standard statistical tests are activated in the case-control setting to yield statistically significant genes per phenotype. The PWAS Hub offers a user-friendly interface for an in-depth exploration of gene–disease associations from the UK Biobank (UKB). Results from PWAS cover 99 common diseases and conditions, each with over 10,000 diagnosed individuals per phenotype. Users can explore genes associated with these diseases, with separate analyses conducted for males and females. For each phenotype, the analyses account for sex-based genetic effects, inheritance modes (dominant and recessive), and the pleiotropic nature of associated genes. The PWAS Hub showcases its usefulness for asthma by navigating through proteomic-genetic analyses. Inspecting PWAS asthma-listed genes (a total of 27) provide insights into the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Comparison of PWAS-statistically significant genes for common diseases to the Open Targets benchmark shows partial but significant overlap in gene associations for most phenotypes. Graphical tools facilitate comparing genetic effects between PWAS and coding GWAS results, aiding in understanding the sex-specific genetic impact on common diseases. This adaptable platform is attractive to clinicians, researchers, and individuals interested in delving into gene–disease associations and sex-specific genetic effects.

High-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have been instrumental in investigating biological questions at the bulk and single-cell levels. Comparative analysis of two HTS data sets often relies on testing the statistical significance for the difference of two negative binomial distributions (DOTNB). Although negative binomial distributions are well studied, the theoretical results for DOTNB remain largely unexplored. Here, we derive basic analytical results for DOTNB and examine its asymptotic properties. As a state-of-the-art application of DOTNB, we introduce DEGage, a computational method for detecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in scRNA-seq data. DEGage calculates the mean of the sample-wise differences of gene expression levels as the test statistic and determines significant differential expression by computing the P-value with DOTNB. Extensive validation using simulated and real scRNA-seq data sets demonstrates that DEGage outperforms five popular DEG analysis tools: DEGseq2, DEsingle, edgeR, Monocle3, and scDD. DEGage is robust against high dropout levels and exhibits superior sensitivity when applied to balanced and imbalanced data sets, even with small sample sizes. We utilize DEGage to analyze prostate cancer scRNA-seq data sets and identify marker genes for 17 cell types. Furthermore, we apply DEGage to scRNA-seq data sets of mouse neurons with and without fear memory and reveal eight potential memory-related genes overlooked in previous analyses. The theoretical results and supporting software for DOTNB can be widely applied to comparative analyses of dispersed count data in HTS and broad research questions.

Mapping transcriptomic variations using either short- or long-read RNA sequencing is a staple of genomic research. Long reads are able to capture entire isoforms and overcome repetitive regions, whereas short reads still provide improved coverage and error rates. Yet, open questions remain, such as how to quantitatively compare the technologies, can we combine them, and what is the benefit of such a combined view? We tackle these questions by first creating a pipeline to assess matched long- and short-read data using a variety of transcriptome statistics. We find that across data sets, algorithms, and technologies, matched short-read data detects ~30% more splice junctions, such that ~10%–30% of the splice junctions included at ≥20% by short reads are missed by long reads. In contrast, long reads detect many more intron-retention events and can detect full isoforms, pointing to the benefit of combining the technologies. We introduce MAJIQ-L, an extension of the MAJIQ software, to enable a unified view of transcriptome variations from both technologies and demonstrate its benefits. Our software can be used to assess any future long-read technology or algorithm and can be combined with short-read data for improved transcriptome analysis.

Asgard archaea are of great interest as the progenitors of Eukaryotes, but little is known about the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that may shape their ongoing evolution. Here, we describe MGEs that replicate in Atabeyarchaeia, a wetland Asgard archaea lineage represented by two complete genomes. We used soil depth–resolved population metagenomic data sets to track 18 MGEs for which genome structures were defined and precise chromosome integration sites could be identified for confident host linkage. Additionally, we identified a complete 20.67 kbp circular plasmid and two family-level groups of viruses linked to Atabeyarchaeia, via CRISPR spacer targeting. Closely related 40 kbp viruses possess a hypervariable genomic region encoding combinations of specific genes for small cysteine-rich proteins structurally similar to restriction-homing endonucleases. One 10.9 kbp integrative conjugative element (ICE) integrates genomically into the Atabeyarchaeum deiterrae-1 chromosome and has a 2.5 kbp circularizable element integrated within it. The 10.9 kbp ICE encodes an expressed Type IIG restriction-modification system with a sequence specificity matching an active methylation motif identified by Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) high-accuracy long-read (HiFi) metagenomic sequencing. Restriction-modification of Atabeyarchaeia differs from that of another coexisting Asgard archaea, Freyarchaeia, which has few identified MGEs but possesses diverse defense mechanisms, including DISARM and Hachiman, not found in Atabeyarchaeia. Overall, defense systems and methylation mechanisms of Asgard archaea likely modulate their interactions with MGEs, and integration/excision and copy number variation of MGEs in turn enable host genetic versatility.

Pleiotropy, measured as expression breadth across tissues, is one of the best predictors for protein sequence and expression conservation. In this study, we investigated its effect on the evolution of cis-regulatory elements (CREs). To this end, we carefully reanalyzed the Epigenomics Roadmap data for nine fetal tissues, assigning a measure of pleiotropic degree to nearly half a million CREs. To assess the functional conservation of CREs, we generated ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data from humans and macaques. We found that more pleiotropic CREs exhibit greater conservation in accessibility, and the mRNA expression levels of the associated genes are more conserved. This trend of higher conservation for higher degrees of pleiotropy persists when analyzing the transcription factor binding repertoire. In contrast, simple DNA sequence conservation of orthologous sites between species tends to be even lower for pleiotropic CREs than for species-specific CREs. Combining various lines of evidence, we propose that the lack of sequence conservation in functionally conserved pleiotropic CREs is owing to within-element compensatory evolution. In summary, our findings suggest that pleiotropy is also a good predictor for the functional conservation of CREs, even though this is not reflected in the sequence conservation of pleiotropic CREs.