ri

Newsmaker: Rita Bahuguna Joshi

Rita Bahuguna Joshi, joined BJP last Thursday, after spending 24 years in the older party




ri

Understanding of copolymers containing pyridine and selenophene simultaneously and their polarity conversion in transistors

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C9QM00739C, Research Article
So-Huei Kang, Myeonggeun Han, Yongjoon Cho, Jisu Hong, Seongmin Heo, Seonghun Jeong, Yong-Young Noh, Changduk Yang
Two n-type pyridine and selenophene-containing polymers were synthesized and the structure–property relationships were investigated, followed by polarity switching from ambipolarity to unipolar characteristics via the doping method.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Near-IR absorption and photocurrent generation using a first-of-its-kind boron difluoride formazanate non-fullerene acceptor

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00109K, Research Article
Josh D. B. Koenig, Mahmoud E. Farahat, Jasveer S. Dhindsa, Joe B. Gilroy, Gregory C. Welch
We report the synthesis and characterization of the first non-fullerene acceptor containing a boron difluoride formazanate core end-capped with N-annulated perylene diimides.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

A GFP-chromophore-based C3V-symmetric tripodal receptor with selective recognition of Hg(II), Fe(III) and Cr(III)

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00108B, Research Article
Chun-Yen Chou, Robert Sung, Wei-Luen Chang, Kuangsen Sung
A novel green-fluorescent-protein-chromophore-based tripodal receptor 1 is synthesized. Its single crystal X-ray diffraction structure looks like a straight, long tube with one end closed. The diameter of the inner cavity...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Synergy of PVP and ethanol to synthesize Ni3S4 quantum dots for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00201A, Research Article
Jinfeng Zheng, Xiao Lian, Mingzai Wu, Fangcai Zheng, Yuan hao Gao, Helin Niu
Ni3S4 quantum dots (QDs) have great potential for supercapacitors due to their unique quantum effects, high specific surface area, high water solubility and good stability, but the current preparation process...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Charge density modulation on asymmetric fused-ring acceptors for high-efficiency photovoltaic solar cells

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00123F, Research Article
Zhuohan Zhang, Linqiang Yang, Zhenghao Hu, Jiangsheng Yu, Xin Liu, Hongtao Wang, Jinru Cao, Fujun Zhang, Weihua Tang
Charge density modulation on thieno[2'',3'':5',6']-s-indaceno[2',1':4,5]dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]pyrrole core has been conducted for a systematic study of its impact on the electronic structure, molecular packing and photovoltaic performance of asymmetric fused-ring acceptors.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Multi-stimuli responsive cyanostilbene derivatives: pH, amine vapor sensing and mechanoluminescence

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00113A, Research Article
Guangxi Huang, Xiaoyong Chang, Yuqing Jiang, Bei Lin, Bing Shi Li, Ben Zhong Tang
Two carboxyl substituted cyanostilbene derivatives can serve as novel mechanoluminescence materials and fluorescent sensors towards pH change and also amine vapors.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

A robust 3D printed multilayer conductive graphene/polycaprolactone composite electrode

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C9QM00780F, Research Article
Chong-Yong Lee, Sepidar Sayyar, Paul J. Molino, Gordon G. Wallace
We fabricated a 3D-printed multilayer conductive graphene/polycaprolactone composite electrode that shows excellent robustness, biocompatibility and electrochemical response.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Efficient near-infrared photosensitizer with aggregation-induced emission characteristics for mitochondria-targeted and image-guided photodynamic cancer therapy

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00170H, Research Article
Hanxiao Yang, Jiabao Zhuang, Nan Li, Yue Li, Shiyu Zhu, Jiaxin Hao, Jiayao Xin, Na Zhao
A highly efficient near-infrared photosensitizer with aggregation-induced emission characteristics was developed for mitochondria-targeted and image-guided photodynamic cancer therapy.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Oxygen Vacancy Induced Superior Visible-light-driven Photo-catalytic Performance in BiOCl Homojunction

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00187B, Research Article
Si-Ying Niu, Ruoyu Zhang, Chongfeng Guo
The photocatalytic performance of semiconductor can be enhanced by expanding the spectral response and accelerating the photo-induced charge separation. Introduction of oxygen vacancies and construction of homo-junction in BiOCl were...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Lithium bis(oxalate)borate additive in electrolyte to improve Li-rich layered oxide cathode materials

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00094A, Research Article
Zi Xiao, Jiuding Liu, Guilan Fan, Meng Yu, Junxiang Liu, Xinglong Gou, Mingjian Yuan, Fangyi Cheng
Lithium-rich layered oxides (LLO), as the most attractive cathode materials for high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), are plagued by poor cyclability due to structural and electrode/electrolyte interface instability. Herein, we report...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Advanced functional polymer materials

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00025F, Review Article
Kaojin Wang, Kamran Amin, Zesheng An, Zhengxu Cai, Hong Chen, Hongzheng Chen, Yuping Dong, Xiao Feng, Weiqiang Fu, Jiabao Gu, Yanchun Han, Doudou Hu, Rongrong Hu, Die Huang, Fei Huang, Feihe Huang, Yuzhang Huang, Jian Jin, Xin Jin, Qianqian Li, Tengfei Li, Zhen Li, Zhibo Li, Jiangang Liu, Jing Liu, Shiyong Liu, Huisheng Peng, Anjun Qin, Xin Qing, Youqing Shen, Jianbing Shi, Xuemei Sun, Bin Tong, Bo Wang, Hu Wang, Lixiang Wang, Shu Wang, Zhixiang Wei, Tao Xie, Chunye Xu, Huaping Xu, Zhi-Kang Xu, Bai Yang, Yanlei Yu, Xuan Zeng, Xiaowei Zhan, Guangzhao Zhang, Jie Zhang, Ming Qiu Zhang, Xian-Zheng Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Yi Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Changsheng Zhao, Weifeng Zhao, Yongfeng Zhou, Zhuxian Zhou, Jintao Zhu, Xinyuan Zhu, Ben Zhong Tang
This review presents the recent developments in the research hotspots of advanced functional polymers; their concepts, design strategies, and applications are briefly discussed.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Electrical stability study of polymer-based organic transistors in ambient air using an active semiconducting/insulating polyblend-based pseudo-bilayer

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00048E, Research Article
Bo-Ren Lin, Horng-Long Cheng, Hung-Han Lin, Fu-Chiao Wu, Jia-Hui Lin, Wei-Yang Chou, Jrjeng Ruan, Yu-Wu Wang
Polymeric transistors with unexpected nondecaying features even in ambient air are fabricated based on a P3HT/PMMA pseudo-bilayer with microphase separation morphology.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Polydopamine sacrificial layer mediated SiOx/C@C yolk@shell structure for durable lithium storage

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00120A, Research Article
Yuanyuan Zhang, Guangwu Hu, Qiang Yu, Zhenhui Liu, Chang Yu, Longsheng Wu, Liang Zhou, Liqiang Mai
Yolk@shell structured SiOx/C@C has been constructed through a polydopamine sacrificial layer mediated strategy, and the SiOx/C@C displays high specific capacity and durable cyclability in lithium storage.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

One-pot quaternization of dual-responsive poly(vinyl alcohol) with AIEgens for pH-switchable imaging and killing of bacteria

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00014K, Research Article
Jin Wang, Meng Gao, Zhong-Kai Cui, Yong-Guang Jia, Sa Liu, Kai-Feng Chen, Xiaohui Chen, Yiqing Zhang, Zhou Fang, Yunhua Chen, Kaojin Wang, Huatang Zhang, Lin Wang, Li Ren
Dual-responsive poly(vinyl alcohol) derivatives bearing AIEgens and quaternary ammonium moieties were prepared through a facile one-pot quaternization for the pH-switchable imaging and killing of bacteria.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Linking silole to triptycene : a fruitful association

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00087F, Research Article
Kassem Amro, Anil K Thakur, Marc Rolland, Arie van der Lee, Vincent Lemaur, Roberto Lazzaroni, Cyril Poriel, Joëlle Rault-Berthelot, Lionel Hirsch, Sébastien Clément, Philippe Gerbier
1,1’-disubstituted-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylsiloles incorporating triptycene moieties Tp-DMTPS and Tp-MPTPS were prepared and characterized. Like other 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylsiloles, both compounds exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior. Unexpectedly, the solid state PL emission of Tp-DMTPS show...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

The application of hollow micro-/nanostructured cathodes for sodium-ion batteries

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1289-1303
DOI: 10.1039/C9QM00674E, Chemistry Frontiers
Xiao-Hao Liu, Wei-Hong Lai, Shu-Lei Chou
This work will open a new view for the design of hollow micro-/nanostructures used as cathodes for sodium-ion batteries, enclosing the superiority of this unique structure to enhance the electrochemical performance.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Non-equilibrium kinetics and trajectory thermodynamics of synthetic molecular pumps

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1304-1314
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00022A, Review Article
R. Dean Astumian, Cristian Pezzato, Yuanning Feng, Yunyan Qiu, Paul R. McGonigal, Chuyang Cheng, J. Fraser Stoddart
Hypothetical transmembrane rotaxane as a model for trajectory thermodynamic theory of synthetic molecular pumps.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Nitro-graphene oxide in iridium oxide hybrids: electrochemical modulation of N-graphene redox states and charge capacities

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1421-1433
DOI: 10.1039/C9QM00752K, Research Article
Open Access
E. Pérez, N. M. Carretero, S. Sandoval, A. Fuertes, G. Tobias, N. Casañ-Pastor
Electrochemical modulation of N-graphene oxide in IrOx hybrids results in an oxidizing range of graphenes and large charge capacities.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

The origin of the unusual red-shifted aggregation-state emission of triphenylamine-imidazole molecules: excimers or a photochemical reaction?

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1411-1420
DOI: 10.1039/C9QM00737G, Research Article
Jin Liu, Jianai Chen, Yujie Dong, Yue Yu, Shitong Zhang, Jianli Wang, Qingbao Song, Weijun Li, Cheng Zhang
Revealing the actual origin of the unusual red-shifted aggregation-state emission of triphenylamine-imidazole molecules: is the photochemical reaction rather than the excimers.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Multifunctional ultrasmall-MoS2/graphene composites for high sulfur loading Li–S batteries

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1483-1491
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00082E, Research Article
Tianyu Tang, Teng Zhang, Lina Zhao, Biao Zhang, Wei Li, Junjie Xu, Long Zhang, Hailong Qiu, Yanglong Hou
The utilization of hosts with uniform dispersion of sulfur and multifunctional parts which can interact strongly with polysulfides facilitates the improved performance of Li–S batteries.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Fused-ring phenazine building blocks for efficient copolymer donors

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1454-1458
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00080A, Research Article
Wenting Li, Qishi Liu, Ke Jin, Ming Cheng, Feng Hao, Wu-Qiang Wu, Shengjian Liu, Zuo Xiao, Shangfeng Yang, Shengwei Shi, Liming Ding
Phenazine copolymer donors demonstrate an efficiency of 15.14% in nonfullerene organic solar cells.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

From simple Katritzky salts to AIEgens: mechanochromic luminescence and heparin detection

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1492-1499
DOI: 10.1039/C9QM00783K, Research Article
Faxu Lin, Yang Feng, Xiaoqing Liu, Lei Wang, Zhen-Qiang Yu, Yi Liu
A series of novel AIEgens based on Katritzky pyridinium salts were readily synthesized and exhibited interesting aggregation-induced emission behaviors, remarkable mechanochromic luminescence, and promising heparin detection.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Sandwich structured dielectrics for air-stable and flexible low-voltage organic transistors in ultrasensitive pressure sensing

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1459-1470
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00062K, Research Article
Yue Jiang, Ziyang Liu, Zhigang Yin, Qingdong Zheng
A novel type of polymer sandwich dielectric is developed for air-stable, hysteresis-free and flexible OTFTs which can be used for low-power pressure sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity, wide detection range and fast response.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Multiring-induced multicolour emission: hyperbranched polysiloxane with silicon bridge for data encryption

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1375-1382
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00075B, Research Article
Yuanbo Feng, Hongxia Yan, Fan Ding, Tian Bai, Yufeng Nie, Yan Zhao, Weixu Feng, Ben Zhong Tang
The presented work shows an impressive multicolour luminescence hyperbranched polysiloxane attributed to the multiring through-space conjugation named “multiring induced multicolor emission” (MIE), as well as its application in data encryption.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

The role of dipole moment in two fused-ring electron acceptor and one polymer donor based ternary organic solar cells

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1507-1518
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00016G, Research Article
Xunfan Liao, Yongjie Cui, Xueliang Shi, Zhaoyang Yao, Heng Zhao, Yongkang An, Peipei Zhu, Yaxiao Guo, Xiang Fei, Lijian Zuo, Ke Gao, Francis Lin, Qian Xie, Lie Chen, Wei Ma, Yiwang Chen, Alex K.-Y. Jen
The dipole moment of FREAs’ terminals has been unveiled as an important factor and its working mechanism has been thoroughly investigated. Our results demonstrate that the dipole moment should also be taken into account in designing ternary OSCs.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Design and construction of bi-metal MOF-derived yolk–shell Ni2P/ZnP2 hollow microspheres for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4,1366-1374
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00128G, Research Article
Jinyang Zhang, Xuan Sun, Yang Liu, Linrui Hou, Changzhou Yuan
Hierarchical yolk–shell Ni2P/ZnP2 hollow microspheres are smartly synthesized, and exhibit exceptional OER performance, benefiting from their unique compositional/structural merits.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Highly-selective synthesis of trimetallic PtRuCu nanoframes as robust catalysts for the methanol oxidation reaction

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00033G, Research Article
Hai-Jing Yin, Zhi-Ping Zhang, Yu Guo, Kun Yuan, Ya-Wen Zhang
PtRuCu NFs/C exhibited much higher mass activity and specific activity than commercial Pt/C and PtRuCu NPs/C towards the MOR due to the frame nanostructures and the synergistic effect of the trimetallics.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Optical nonlinearity of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-67 in the near-infrared region

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00226G, Research Article
Han Pan, Hongwei Chu, Xiao Wang, Ying Li, Shengzhi Zhao, Guiqiu Li, Dechun Li
In this paper, we report the large optical nonlinearities of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-67 (ZIF-67) in the near-infrared (NIR) region. Typical Z-scan techniques were carried out to determine the nonlinear optical...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Opportunities and critical factors of porous metal-organic frameworks for the industrial separation of light olefins

Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00186D, Review Article
Tianhao Lan, Libo Li, Yang Chen, Xiaoqing Wang, Jiangfeng Yang, Jinping Li
Light olefins (ethylene, propylene, and 1,3-butadiene) are widely used as building blocks in the petrochemical industry and for the fabrication of everyday products. Developing energy cost-efficient porous materials for the...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry




ri

Spring 2018 Poetry Launch

Join us for the launch of three new poetry collections: When Centipedes Dream by Sue Bracken, destination out by charles c. smith and No Line in Time by Sonja Ruth Greckol. May 10, 2018, 6:30-8:30pm 77 Carlton Street Event Centre 77 Carlton St, Toronto, ON M5B 2J7




ri

Tread and Other Stories—Barry Dempster

ISBN: 9781988040424 Price: $21.95 Pub date: Fall 2018 Tread and Other Stories is a moving, unsettling, and ferociously humane collection of short fiction. The characters are achingly real: the moments at once gut-wrenchingly singular and utterly recognizable. There’s a satisfying range here—from a female prison guard with a yen for bad boys to a lost young man who [...]




ri

[ASAP] Chemical Looping Gasification of Torrefied Biomass Using NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as an Oxygen Carrier for Syngas Production and Tar Removal

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00584




ri

[ASAP] Superhydrophobic Surface Fabrication for Strengthened Selective Water Shut-off Technology

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00498




ri

[ASAP] Effects of Graphene Oxide on the Mechanical and Microscopic Characteristics of Cement-Based Plugging Material for Preventing Spontaneous Combustion of Coal

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00493




ri

[ASAP] Oxygen Uncoupling Property and Kinetics of a Copper Manganese Composite Oxygen Carrier in a Packed-Bed Reactor

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00574




ri

[ASAP] Depolymerization of Wheat Straw to Produce Glucose by Self-Catalyzed Hydrolysis

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00525




ri

[ASAP] Experimental Determinations of Minimum Miscibility Pressures Using Hydrocarbon Gases and CO<sub>2</sub> for Crude Oils from the Bakken and Cut Bank Oil Reservoirs

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00570




ri

[ASAP] Desulfurization of Spent Tire Pyrolysis Oil and Its Distillate via Combined Catalytic Oxidation using H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with Formic Acid and Selective Adsorption over Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub&

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b03968




ri

[ASAP] Experimental Study of the Effective Stress Coefficient for Coal Anisotropic Permeability

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00907




ri

[ASAP] Characterization and Distillation of Pyrolysis Liquids Coming from Polyolefins Segregated of MSW for Their Use as Automotive Diesel Fuel

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00403




ri

[ASAP] Interfacial Phenomena of Purified Petroporphyrins and Their Impact on Asphaltene Interfacial Film Formation

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b04055




ri

[ASAP] Study on the Migration Characteristics of Sulfur and Nitrogen during Combustion of Oil Sludge with CaO Additive

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00545




ri

[ASAP] Influence of the Combination System of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization and a Wet Electrostatic Precipitator on the Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Flue Gas from a Coal-Fired Industrial Plant

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00389




ri

[ASAP] Investigation on Ash-Fusion Characteristics of Livestock Manure and Low-Rank Coals

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00587




ri

[ASAP] Reactive Transport Modeling of Shale–Fluid Interactions after Imbibition of Fracturing Fluids

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b04542




ri

[ASAP] Co-Generation System of Bioethanol and Electricity with Microbial Fuel Cell Technology

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00749




ri

[ASAP] Influence of Asphaltenes on Gelation of Tetrameric Acid with Calcium Ion at the Oil/Water Interface under Flow-Model Condition

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00829




ri

[ASAP] Study on Proppant Transport in Fractures of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Fracturing

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00712




ri

[ASAP] Evolution of the Lignin Chemical Structure during the Bioethanol Production Process and Its Inhibition to Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Energy & Fuels
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00293