Calcutta, India : Cleanair, Campaign for Smoke-free Environment, [198-?]

[Place of publication not identified], [201-?]

Rockville, Maryland : National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1979.

Yicheng Li, Adrian E. Raftery.

Source: The Annals of Applied Statistics, Volume 14, Number 1, 381--408.

Abstract:
Smoking is one of the leading preventable threats to human health and a major risk factor for lung cancer, upper aerodigestive cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Estimating and forecasting the smoking attributable fraction (SAF) of mortality can yield insights into smoking epidemics and also provide a basis for more accurate mortality and life expectancy projection. Peto et al. ( Lancet 339 (1992) 1268–1278) proposed a method to estimate the SAF using the lung cancer mortality rate as an indicator of exposure to smoking in the population of interest. Here, we use the same method to estimate the all-age SAF (ASAF) for both genders for over 60 countries. We document a strong and cross-nationally consistent pattern of the evolution of the SAF over time. We use this as the basis for a new Bayesian hierarchical model to project future male and female ASAF from over 60 countries simultaneously. This gives forecasts as well as predictive distributions that can be used to find uncertainty intervals for any quantity of interest. We assess the model using out-of-sample predictive validation and find that it provides good forecasts and well-calibrated forecast intervals, comparing favorably with other methods.

London (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG) : Cleanair, Campaign for a Smoke-free Environment, [198-?]

London (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 ING) : Cleanair, Campaign for a Smoke-free Environment, [198-?]

London (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG) : Cleanair, Campaign for a Smoke-free Environment, [198-?]

London : Cleanair, Smoke-free Environment (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG), [198-?]

London : Cleanair, Smoke-free Environment (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG), [198-?]

London : Cleanair, Smoke-free Environment (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG), [198-?]

London : Cleanair, Smoke-free Environment (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG), [198-?]

London : Cleanair, Smoke-free Environment (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG), [198-?]

London (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG) : Cleanair, Campaign for a Smoke-free Environment, [198-?]

London : Cleanair, Smoke-free Environment (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG), [198-?]

London : Cleanair, [1988?]

London (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG) : Cleanair, Campaign for a Smoke-free Environment, [198-?]

London : Cleanair, Smoke-free Environment (33 Stillness Rd, London, SE23 1NG), [198-?]

[London?], [199-?]

[London?], [6th June 1990]

London, [29 January 1994]

YESTERDAY would have been your birthday. January 24. Six months older than me for six months, I’d remind you. Normally I would have spent the weeks between Christmas and now trying to think of something original to buy you. And then, at the last moment, I’d just buy you another book.

It has been well documented that exposure to tobacco marketing is a risk factor for smoking initiation among youth. However, few studies have tested the specificity of this association.

This study extends findings from other studies and shows (from a longitudinal design) that exposure to cigarette advertising is significantly associated with youth smoking initiation, whereas exposure to advertising for other commercial products is not. (Read the full article)

Smoking during pregnancy has been related to thicker carotid intima media thickness in young adults, and this was also shown in neonates.

This study is the first to show that the effect of smoking during pregnancy on the vasculature of children is (still) visible at the age of 5 years. Pregnancy appears to be the critical period for this damage to occur. (Read the full article)

Fetal factors that predispose infants to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) have been extensively studied. Maternal factors that may affect future risk for NEC are less clear.

We hypothesized that maternal factors were the primary cause of NEC. Through a case-control design we determined that maternal smoking predisposes infants to the development of NEC. Our results highlight the importance of smoking cessation in pregnancy. (Read the full article)

This research presents the first 2 experimental studies on the short-term effects of smoking portrayal in movies on children’s beliefs about smoking.

Exposure to movie smoking from cartoon and family-oriented movies had no effect on implicit associations toward smoking. For smoking beliefs, effects were again small and only statistically significant for social norms regarding smoking. (Read the full article)

The US Surgeon General has determined that the relationship between movie smoking exposure (MSE) and youth smoking is causal; however, it is not known whether movie rating influences how adolescents respond.

The response to PG-13–rated MSE was indistinguishable from R-rated MSE. An R rating for smoking could reduce smoking onset in the United States by 18% (by eliminating PG-13 MSE), an effect similar to making all parents maximally authoritative in their parenting. (Read the full article)

Tobacco smoke exposure is associated with increased morbidity in children, and exposure in cars can be particularly intense. The American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement recommends that pediatricians assist families in adopting smoke-free car policies.

In this study, few smoking parents had a strictly enforced smoke-free car policy. Low rates of pediatric health care providers addressing smoking in the car highlights the need for improved pediatric interventions to protect children from tobacco smoke toxins. (Read the full article)

It is well-established that parental smoking is associated with adolescent smoking initiation and regular tobacco use. However, we know less about how exposure to specific types of parental smoking affect adolescent smoking and progression to regular smoking in young adulthood.

Among adolescents with parents who are nicotine dependent, each previous year of parental smoking increases the likelihood they will be in a heavy smoking trajectory. Parental smoking cessation early in their children’s life is critical to prevent smoking in families. (Read the full article)

Prenatal maternal smoking has been associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children, but the causal nature of this association is unclear. Controlling for the association with paternal smoking has been inconsistent.

Women who used nicotine replacement also had children with a higher risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Mother's smoking behavior appears more important than father's, suggesting a possible causal effect of nicotine exposure or factors related to maternal nicotine dependence. (Read the full article)

Exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke during pregnancy and infancy has been linked to development of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in young children. It is unclear whether these risks persist into adolescence.

Exposure to second-hand smoke in utero or during infancy influences the development of allergic disease up to adolescence. Excess risks for asthma and rhinitis were seen primarily in early childhood, whereas those for eczema occurred at later ages. (Read the full article)

Light and intermittent smoking are harmful, but increasingly common, smoking patterns. It is unknown how adolescents perceive these smoking patterns, and whether these views differ by sociodemographic characteristics, and exposure to and use of tobacco.

US adolescents perceive light and intermittent smoking as significantly less dangerous than heavier smoking. One in 4 adolescents believes intermittent smoking causes little to no harm. Perceptions of relative safety were common among smokers. (Read the full article)

Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis
May 1, 2020; 145:e20191652-e20191652
ARTICLES

1

Title: Smoking May Be in Your Genes
Category: Health News
Created: 4/25/2010 2:10:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 4/26/2010 12:00:00 AM

Title: Kids' Smoking Influences May Change Over Time
Category: Health News
Created: 4/28/2013 10:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/29/2013 12:00:00 AM

Title: School Programs Do Keep Some Kids From Smoking
Category: Health News
Created: 4/30/2013 10:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2013 12:00:00 AM

Title: Smoking, Drinking Combo Raises Odds for Esophageal Cancer
Category: Health News
Created: 4/25/2014 12:35:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 4/28/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Health Tip: Smoking Affects Your Heart
Category: Health News
Created: 4/27/2015 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/27/2015 12:00:00 AM

Title: Quit Smoking at Any Age to Live Longer
Category: Health News
Created: 4/25/2015 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/27/2015 12:00:00 AM

Title: No Link Between Anti-Smoking Drugs, Mental Health Issues: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 4/22/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/25/2016 12:00:00 AM

Title: Vaping and Smoking May Signal Greater Motivation to Quit
Category: Health News
Created: 4/30/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/1/2019 12:00:00 AM

BACKGROUND:

There is a dearth of evidence regarding the association of use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) with certain product characteristics and adolescent and young adult risk of unhealthy tobacco use patterns (eg, frequency of combustible cigarette smoking), which is needed to inform the regulation of e-cigarettes.

Background:

Despite smoking being a well-established risk factor for pancreatic cancer, there is a need to further characterize pancreatic cancer risk according to lifespan smoking patterns and other smoking features, such as tobacco type. Our aim was to deeply investigate them within a large European case–control study.

Health authorities in Western Sydney want shisha smoking phased out over fears it causes cancer, saying research shows 45 minutes of smoking flavoured tobacco from a water pipe is the equivalent of smoking 100 cigarettes.

The surgeon general's report is the first in 30 years to focus entirely on quitting tobacco.

Cars are killing us, and it is time to limit the damage to drivers and to people around them, just like we did with smoking.

It seems like American actor Ben Affleck has become a real smoke show. According to Page Six, the 'The Way Back' star took yet another stroll with girlfriend Ana de Armas in Los Angeles on Thursday (local time) but didn't let his face mask get in the way of stopping for a cigarette break. Photos show the 47-year-old actor keeping the mask over his nose as he puffs away, seemingly defeating the purpose of the mask.

The couple, who met on the set of their forthcoming movie, 'Deep Water,' were seen last week taking de Armas' dog for a walk.

During that walk, they opted to go mask-free but the 31-year-old actress did show off her 2,600 USD Gucci tracksuit.

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Highlights: Quitting smoking at any age significantly reduces the risk of lung cancer Healthy lung cell

Maternal smoking during pregnancy raises the incidence of asthma in their kids later in life, reports a new study. The findings of the study are published in the iEuropean Respiratory Journal/i.