UCLA lost its top recruit in Daishen Nix when the five-star point guard from Las Vegas decided to join the G League academy team.

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Purdue women's basketball coach Sharon Versyp holds remote individual and team meetings on a weekly basis with her players during coronavirus

Invitation Only Research Event

Invitation Only Research Event

OBJECTIVE

To determine the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), microvascular complications, and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes who subsequently develop obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared with patients with type 2 diabetes without a diagnosis of OSA.

OBJECTIVE

Despite evidence of a relationship among obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), metabolic dysregulation, and diabetes, it is uncertain whether OSA treatment can improve metabolic parameters. We sought to determine effects of long-term continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on glycemic control and diabetes risk in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and OSA.

Paris : O. Doin, 1878.

London : Caxton Pub. Co, 1908-1909.

London : Taylor and Walton, 1841.

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Stronger data practices can help leaders better utilize data as a way to deeply understand the students they serve.

Children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are usually treated by surgical removal of their upper airway lymphadenoid tissue. Recently, medications were offered to patients with nonsevere OSA. Montelukast, for this indication, had never been studied in a randomized controlled manner.

Montelukast effectively reduced polysomnographic findings, symptoms, and the size of the adenoidal tissue in children with nonsevere OSA. The findings support the potential of a leukotriene modifier as a novel, safe, noninvasive alternative for children with mild to moderate OSA. (Read the full article)

Among infants with birth weights of 501 to 1500 g born between 2000 and 2009, mortality and major morbidities among survivors declined.

Obstetrical and neonatal care practices for infants 501 to 1500 g changed significantly from 2000 and 2009, particularly decreased conventional ventilation and use of steroids for chronic lung disease and increased nasal continuous positive airway pressure and surfactant treatment after delivery. (Read the full article)

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) prevalence in children with sickle cell anemia is not well described. Although these children often experience nocturnal oxygen desaturation, it is unclear whether they are more likely to have OSAS.

Children with sickle cell anemia have a high prevalence of OSAS with typical symptoms, beyond just nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation. This study supports the need for increased efforts to screen for, diagnose, and treat OSAS in this vulnerable population. (Read the full article)

Growth failure has been frequently reported in children who have obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) owing to adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Adenotonsillectomy (AT) has been reported to accelerate weight gain in children who have OSAS in nonrandomized uncontrolled studies.

This randomized controlled trial of AT for pediatric OSAS demonstrated significantly greater weight increases 7 months after AT in all weight categories. AT normalizes weight in children who have failure to thrive, but increases risk for obesity in overweight children. (Read the full article)

Several studies have revealed an association between cesarean section (CS) and childhood type 1 diabetes. Most of these studies lacked important information on indication for CS and induction of labor. It is unknown whether the reported associations are causal.

Using a cohort of 2.6 million children we found an association between elective CS and type 1 diabetes. The sibling analysis suggested the association is not causal. The findings are crucial evidence to advise women on mode of delivery choice. (Read the full article)

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has been associated with decreased health-related quality of life (QoL). Observational studies suggest that adenotonsillectomy for pediatric OSAS improves QoL, but these studies did not use a randomized study design or a control group of children with OSAS managed nonsurgically.

A prospective, randomized controlled study of adenotonsillectomy for pediatric OSAS showed significantly greater QoL and symptom improvements in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy than in the nonsurgical control arm. The extent of improvement was not appreciably influenced by baseline OSAS severity or obesity. (Read the full article)

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with significant comorbidity: behavioral problems, sleepiness, and impaired quality of life. However, the utility of OSAS symptoms versus polysomnography in the prediction of comorbidities or response to treatment is not well known.

Among children with OSAS, the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, a well-validated, simple 1-page symptom inventory, predicts key adenotonsillectomy-responsive OSAS comorbidities and their improvement after adenotonsillectomy. In contrast, polysomnographic results do not offer similar predictive value. (Read the full article)

The Government Accountability Office finds that parents often have a hard time initiating complaints about special education services, but that these barriers don't affect all parents in the same way.

La rechute est le risque majeur des pays post-conflit et l'une des principales raisons de cette rechute s'appelle la corruption.

The Government Accountability Office finds that parents often have a hard time initiating complaints about special education services, but that these barriers don't affect all parents in the same way.

[Daily Maverick] The last legal challenge to the prosecution of former President Jacob Zuma and French arms company Thales has been dismissed by the Constitutional Court. On Friday, the apex court ruled that Thales' attempt to persist in having the prosecution permanently stayed had no chances of success.

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The treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or mandibular advancement devices (MADs) is associated with blood pressure (BP) reduction; however, the overall effect is modest. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of such treatments on BP was to identify subgroups of patients who respond best to treatment.

The article search was performed in three different databases with specific search terms and selection criteria. From 2289 articles, we included 68 RCTs that compared CPAP or MADs with either passive or active treatment. When all the studies were pooled together, CPAP and MADs were associated with a mean BP reduction of –2.09 (95% CI –2.78– –1.40) mmHg for systolic BP and –1.92 (95% CI –2.40– –1.43) mmHg for diastolic BP and –1.27 (95% CI –2.34– –0.20) mmHg for systolic BP and –1.11 (95% CI –1.82– –0.41) mmHg for diastolic BP, respectively. The subgroups of patients who showed a greater response were those aged <60 years (systolic BP –2.93 mmHg), with uncontrolled BP at baseline (systolic BP –4.14 mmHg) and with severe oxygen desaturations (minimum arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry <77%) at baseline (24-h systolic BP –7.57 mmHg).

Although this meta-analysis shows that the expected reduction of BP by CPAP/MADs is modest, it identifies specific characteristics that may predict a pronounced benefit from CPAP in terms of BP control. These findings should be interpreted with caution; however, they are particularly important in identifying potential phenotypes associated with BP reduction in patients treated for OSA.

Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)–based therapy is often used for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, this approach is under scrutiny because of ICS overuse in patients for whom it is not recommended and because of concerns about adverse events, particularly pneumonia, with long-term ICS use. Evidence suggests ICS may be beneficial in specific patients, namely, those with high blood eosinophil counts (eg, ≥300 cells/µL) or who are at a high risk of exacerbations. According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2020 ABCD assessment tool, these patients belong in group D. For these patients, recommended initial treatment includes ICS in combination with long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) when blood eosinophil counts are ≥300 cells/µL or LABA + long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) when patients are highly symptomatic, that is, with greater dyspnea and/or exercise limitation. Follow-up treatments for patients with persistent dyspnea and/or exacerbations may include LABA + ICS, LABA + LAMA, or LABA + LAMA + ICS, with use of ICS being guided by blood eosinophil counts. In this review, differences in the inflammatory mechanism underlying COPD and asthma and the role of ICS treatment in COPD are summarized. Furthermore, findings from recent clinical trials where use of ICS-based dual or triple therapy in COPD was compared with LABA + LAMA therapy and trials in which ICS withdrawal was evaluated in patients with COPD are reviewed. Finally, a step-by-step guide for ICS withdrawal in patients who are unlikely to benefit from this treatment is proposed. A video of the author discussing the overall takeaway of the review article could be downloaded from the link provided: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uq7Sr5jqPDI.

Daniel P. Small, Piero Calosi, Samuel P. S. Rastrick, Lucy M. Turner, Stephen Widdicombe, and John I. Spicer

Regulation of extracellular acid–base balance, while maintaining energy metabolism, is recognised as an important aspect when defining an organism's sensitivity to environmental changes. This study investigated the haemolymph buffering capacity and energy metabolism (oxygen consumption, haemolymph [l-lactate] and [protein]) in early benthic juveniles (carapace length <40 mm) of the European lobster, Homarus gammarus, exposed to elevated temperature and P_CO2. At 13°C, H. gammarus juveniles were able to fully compensate for acid–base disturbances caused by the exposure to elevated seawater P_CO2 at levels associated with ocean acidification and carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) leakage scenarios, via haemolymph [HCO₃^–] regulation. However, metabolic rate remained constant and food consumption decreased under elevated P_CO2, indicating reduced energy availability. Juveniles at 17°C showed no ability to actively compensate haemolymph pH, resulting in decreased haemolymph pH particularly under CCS conditions. Early benthic juvenile lobsters at 17°C were not able to increase energy intake to offset increased energy demand and therefore appear to be unable to respond to acid–base disturbances due to increased P_CO2 at elevated temperature. Analysis of haemolymph metabolites suggests that, even under control conditions, juveniles were energetically limited. They exhibited high haemolymph [l-lactate], indicating recourse to anaerobic metabolism. Low haemolymph [protein] was linked to minimal non-bicarbonate buffering and reduced oxygen transport capacity. We discuss these results in the context of potential impacts of ongoing ocean change and CCS leakage scenarios on the development of juvenile H. gammarus and future lobster populations and stocks.

Genetic variants are the primary driver of congenital heart disease (CHD) pathogenesis. However, our ability to identify causative variants is limited. To identify causal CHD genes that are associated with specific molecular functions, the study used prior knowledge to filter de novo variants from 2,881 probands with sporadic severe CHD. This approach enabled the authors to identify an association between left ventricular outflow tract obstruction lesions and genes associated with the WAVE2 complex and regulation of small GTPase-mediated signal transduction. Using CRISPR zebrafish knockdowns, the study confirmed that WAVE2 complex proteins brk1, nckap1, and wasf2 and the regulators of small GTPase signaling cul3a and racgap1 are critical to cardiac development.

Professional drivers show a higher prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) compared with the general population. Furthermore, there is concern about the association between OSA and car crash risk given that drivers with OSA show an increased risk for car accidents. Despite this risk, OSA is often underdiagnosed and undertreated in this population, mainly due to lack of appropriate screening and sleep study referrals. Polysomnography (PSG), the gold standard test, is inappropriate for systematic screening because of its high expense, complexity and relative inaccessibility in this population. Therefore, there is a strong demand for good screening tools, including both subjective and objective data that may assist in early identification of possible OSA among professional drivers and, thus, aid in PSG examination referral and OSA management in an accredited sleep centre. However, there is considerable disagreement over screening methods and criteria for triggering a sleep study referral in different countries. There is also a strong need for further research in the area of OSA screening of commercial drivers in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy of screening tools and ensure that patients with OSA are accurately identified.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory lung condition, causing progressive decline in lung function leading to premature death. Acute exacerbations in COPD patients are predominantly associated with respiratory viruses. Ribavirin is a generic broad-spectrum antiviral agent that could be used for treatment of viral respiratory infections in COPD. Using the Particle Replication In Nonwetting Templates (PRINT) technology, which produces dry-powder particles of uniform shape and size, two new inhaled formulations of ribavirin (ribavirin-PRINT-CFI and ribavirin-PRINT-IP) were developed for efficient delivery to the lung and to minimize bystander exposure. Ribavirin-PRINT-CFI was well tolerated in healthy participants after single dosing and ribavirin-PRINT-IP was well tolerated in healthy and COPD participants after single and repeat dosing. Ribavirin-PRINT-CFI was replaced with ribavirin-PRINT-IP since the latter formulation was found to have improved physicochemical properties and it had a higher ratio of active drug to excipient per unit dose. Ribavirin concentrations were measured in lung epithelial lining fluid in both healthy and COPD participants and achieved target concentrations. Both formulations were rapidly absorbed with approximately dose proportional pharmacokinetics in plasma. Exposure to bystanders was negligible based on both the plasma and airborne ribavirin concentrations with the ribavirin-PRINT-IP formulation. Thus, ribavirin-PRINT-IP allowed for an efficient and convenient delivery of ribavirin to the lungs while minimizing systemic exposure. Further clinical investigations would be required to demonstrate ribavirin-PRINT-IP antiviral characteristics and impact on COPD viral-induced exacerbations. (The clinical trials discussed in this study have been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifiers NCT03243760 and NCT03235726.)

Canadian Music Week has abandoned plans for a 2020 festival after initially postponing the spring event due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

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A former Velda City, Mo., auxiliary reserve police officer pleaded guilty today to violating the federal civil rights of a woman he sexually assaulted during a traffic stop and to concealing evidence of his crime from federal investigators. According to facts presented in court, on or about July 9, 2006, Joe Ernest Phillips, 38, then an auxiliary reserve police officer for the Velda City Police Department sexually assaulted a woman while acting under color of law and deprived her of her civil rights.

U.S. District Judge Samuel B. Kent pleaded guilty today to obstruction of justice in federal court in Houston. Kent, 59, a district judge in the Southern District of Texas, pleaded guilty to making false statements to a special investigative committee of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit during an investigation of a judicial misconduct complaint filed against him.

Laura Pendergest-Holt, the chief investment officer of Houston-based Stanford Financial Group (SFG), was arrested today by agents of the FBI’s Houston Field Office on a criminal complaint charging her with obstruction of a proceeding before an agency of the United States. Pendergest-Holt will make her initial appearance on Friday, Feb. 27, 2009, before U.S. Magistrate Mary Milloy at the federal courthouse in Houston.

A former Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) social work associate was convicted yesterday by a jury on four counts of honest services mail fraud, violating the criminal conflict of interest statute and making a false statement to agency officials.

Ben Milner, a former deputy sheriff with the Choctaw County, Okla., Sheriff’s Department, has been indicted by a federal grand jury for violating the civil rights of a man during a traffic stop and the civil rights of two inmates at the Choctaw County Jail. The grand jury also indicted Milner on two counts of obstructing justice in connection with the incident involving the inmates.

U.S. District Judge Samuel B. Kent was sentenced today to 33 months in prison for obstruction of justice related to an investigation of a judicial misconduct complaint filed against him.

A federal grand jury in Houston returned a two-count indictment today charging Laura Pendergest-Holt, the chief investment officer of Houston-based Stanford Financial Group (SFG), with conspiring to obstruct a U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) proceeding investigating SFG, as well as a substantive count of obstructing the SEC proceeding.

Deputy U.S. Marshal Benjamin Bates pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge of obstructing justice today in federal court in San Antonio for tampering with a witness he was transporting to the grand jury to testify about civil rights abuses at the Bexar County Adult Detention Center in Texas.

A former Velda City, Mo., auxiliary reserve police officer was sentenced today to 19 years and seven months in prison, three years of supervised release and a special assessment for violating the federal civil rights of a woman he sexually assaulted during a traffic stop and for concealing evidence of his crime from federal investigators.

A former Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) social work associate was sentenced to three years in prison for her role in a scheme to defraud the United States of her honest services in connection with her work finding suitable housing and daily care for mentally ill and disabled military veterans and then obstructing the VA’s investigation into the fraudulent scheme.

The niece of a U.S. Army major pleaded guilty today for her role in a conspiracy to cover up her uncle’s role in accepting more than $9 million in bribes as a contracting officer in Kuwait. Nyree Pettaway, 37, of Houston, pleaded guilty in U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas to one count of conspiring with her uncle, John C. Cockerham, Carolyn Blake (her aunt and Cockerham’s sister) and others, to obstruct the investigation of money laundering related to Cockerham’s receipt of bribes.

Thomas Raffanello, a former global director of security at the Fort Lauderdale, Fla., office of Stanford Financial Group (SFG), has been charged today in a three-count superseding indictment with conspiracy to obstruct a U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) proceeding and to destroy documents in a federal investigation; obstruction of a proceeding before the SEC; and destruction of records in a federal investigation.

Teresa Vogt, a resident of Anaheim, Calif., pleaded guilty on Sept. 15, 2009, to one count of obstruction of justice before U.S. District Court Judge Dale S. Fischer in Los Angeles. Vogt and eight co-defendants were indicted in May 2005 on tax fraud, conspiracy, money laundering and other charges related to the operation of the Genesis Fund.