Aim/Purpose: The main goal of this systematic literature review was to look for studies that provide information relevant to business intelligence’s (BI) framework development and implementation in the tourism sector. This paper tries to classify the tourism sectors where BI is implemented, group various BI functionalities, and identify common problems encountered by previous research. Background: There has been an increased need for BI implementation to support decision-making in the tourism sector. Tourism stakeholders such as management of destination, accommodation, transportation, and public administration need a guideline to understand functional requirements before implementation. This paper addresses the problem by comprehensively reviewing the functionalities and issues that need to be considered based on previous business intelligence framework development and implementation in tourism sectors. Methodology: We have conducted a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Guidelines for Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method. The search is conducted using online academic database platforms, resulting in 543 initial articles published from 2002 to 2022. Contribution: The paper could be of interest to relevant stakeholders in the tourism industry because it provides an overview of the capabilities and limitations of business intelligence for tourism. To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify and classify the BI functionalities needed for tourism sectors and implementation issues related to organizations, people, and technologies that need to be considered. Findings: BI functionalities identified in this study include basic functions such as data analysis, reports, dashboards, data visualization, performance metrics, and key performance indicator, and advanced functions such as predictive analytics, trend indicators, strategic planning tools, profitability analysis, benchmarking, budgeting, and forecasting. When implementing BI, the issues that need to be considered include organizational, people and process, and technological issues. Recommendations for Practitioners: As data is a major issue in BI implementation, tourism stakeholders, especially in developing countries, may need to build a tourism data center or centralized coordination regulated by the government. They can implement basic functions first before implementing more advanced features later. Recommendation for Researchers: We recommend further studying the BI implementation barriers by employing a perspective of an adoption framework such as the technology, organization, and environment (TOE) framework. Impact on Society: This research has a potential impact on improving the tourism industry’s performance by providing insight to stakeholders about what is needed to help them make more accurate decisions using business intelligence. Future Research: Future research may involve collaboration between practitioners and academics in developing various BI architectures specific to each tourism industry, such as destination management, hospitality, or transportation.

Aim/Purpose: The aim of the study is to explore factors that affect how healthcare clients in rural areas use infomediaries in maternal mHealth interventions. The study focuses on maternal healthcare clients who do not own mobile phones but use the mHealth intervention. Background: Maternal mHealth interventions in poor-resource settings are bedevilled by inequalities in mobile phone ownership. Clients who do not own mobile phones risk being excluded from benefiting from the interventions. Some maternal mHealth providers facilitate the access of mobile phones for those who do not own them using “infomediaries”. Infomediaries, in this case, refer to individuals who have custody of mobile phones that other potential beneficiaries may use. However, the use of infomediaries to offer access to the “have nots” may be influenced by a number of factors. Methodology: The study uses a case of a maternal mHealth intervention project in Malawi, as well as a qualitative research method and interpretive paradigm. Data was collected using secondary data from the implementing agency, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions. Empirical data was collected from maternal healthcare clients who do not own mobile phones and infomediaries. Data were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. Contribution: The study proposed a theoretical framework for studying infomediaries in ICT4D. The study may inform mHealth designers, implementers, and policymakers on how infomediaries could be implemented in a rural setting. Consequently, understanding the factors that affect the use of infomediaries may inform mHealth intervention implementers on how they could overcome the challenges by implementing mHealth interventions that reduce the challenges on the mHealth infomediaries side, and the maternal healthcare clients’ side. Findings: Characteristics of the maternal healthcare client, characteristics of the mHealth infomediary, perceived value of mHealth intervention, and socio-environmental factors affect maternal healthcare clients’ use of mHealth infomediaries. Recommendations for Practitioners: Implementers of interventions ought to manage the use of infomediaries to avoid volunteer fatigue and infomediaries who may not be compatible with the potential users of the intervention. Implementers could leverage traditional systems of identifying and using infomediaries instead of reinventing the wheel. Recommendation for Researchers: This research adopted a single case study to develop the theoretical framework for mHealth infomediary use. We recommend future studies are conducted in order to test and develop this framework further, not only in ICT4D, but also in other areas of application. Impact on Society: People still lack access. The lack of ownership of technology may still exclude them from participating in an information society. The use of infomediaries may help to provide access to technologies to those who do not have them thereby bridging the digital divide gap. Future Research: We propose herein that traditional systems may offer a good starting point for designing a system that would work for communities. We, therefore, recommend that future research may explore these possibilities.

Aim/Purpose: This study utilized a comprehensive framework to investigate the adoption of Business Analytics (BA) and its effects on performance in commercial banks in Jordan. The framework integrated the Technological-Organizational-Environmental (TOE) model, the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory, and the Resource-Based View (RBV). Background: The recent trend of utilizing data for business operations and decision-making has positively impacted organizations. Business analytics (BA) is a leading technique that generates valuable insights from data. It has gained considerable attention from scholars and practitioners across various industries. However, guidance is lacking for organizations to implement BA effectively specific to their business contexts. This research aims to evaluate factors influencing BA adoption by Jordanian commercial banks and examine how its implementation impacts bank performance. The goal is to provide needed empirical evidence surrounding BA adoption and outcomes in the Jordanian banking sector. Methodology: The study gathered empirical data by conducting an online questionnaire survey with senior and middle managers from 13 commercial banks in Jordan. The participants were purposefully selected, and the questionnaire was designed based on relevant and well-established literature. A total of 307 valid questionnaires were collected and considered for data analysis. Contribution: This study makes a dual contribution to the BA domain. Firstly, it introduces a research model that comprehensively examines the factors that influence the adoption of BA. The proposed model integrates the TOE framework, DOI theory, and RBV theory. Combining these frameworks allows for a comprehensive examination of BA adoption in the banking industry. By analyzing the technological, organizational, and environmental factors through the TOE framework, understanding the diffusion process through the DOI theory, and assessing the role of resources and capabilities through the RBV theory, researchers and practitioners can better understand the complex dynamics involved. This integrated approach enables a more nuanced assessment of the factors that shape BA adoption and its subsequent impact on business performance within the banking industry. Secondly, it uncovers the effects of BA adoption on business performance. These noteworthy findings stem from a rigorous analysis of primary data collected from commercial banks in Jordan. By presenting a holistic model and delving into the implications for business performance, this research offers valuable insights to researchers and practitioners alike in the field of BA. Findings: The findings revealed that various technological (data quality, complexity, compatibility, relative advantage), organizational (top management support, organizational readiness), and environmental (external support) factors are crucial in shaping the decision to adopt BA. Furthermore, the study findings demonstrated a positive relationship between BA adoption and performance outcomes in Jordanian commercial banks. Recommendations for Practitioners: The findings suggest that Jordanian commercial banks should enforce data quality practices, provide clear standards, invest in data quality tools and technologies, and conduct regular data audits. Top management support is crucial for fostering a data-driven decision-making culture. Organizational readiness involves having the necessary resources and skilled personnel, as well as promoting continuous learning and improvement. Highlighting the benefits of BA helps overcome resistance to technological innovation and encourages adoption by demonstrating improved decision-making processes and operational efficiency. Furthermore, external support is crucial for banks to adopt Business Analytics (BA). Banks should partner with experienced vendors to gain expertise and incorporate best practices. Vendors also provide training and technical support to overcome technological barriers. Compatibility is essential for optimal performance, requiring managers to modify workflows and IT infrastructure. Complexity, including data, organizational, and technical complexities, is a major obstacle to BA adoption. Banks should take a holistic approach, focusing on people, processes, and technology, and prioritize data quality and governance. Building a skilled team, fostering a data-driven culture, and investing in technology and infrastructure are essential. Recommendation for Researchers: The integration of the TOE framework, the DOI theory, and the RBV theory can prove to be a powerful approach for comprehensively analyzing the various factors that influence BA adoption within the dynamic banking industry. Furthermore, this combined framework enables us to gain deeper insights into the subsequent impact of BA adoption on overall business performance. Impact on Society: Examining the factors influencing BA adoption in the banking industry and its subsequent impact on business performance can have wide-ranging societal implications. It can promote data-driven decision-making, enhance customer experiences, strengthen fraud detection, foster financial inclusion, contribute to economic growth, and trigger discussions on ethical considerations. Future Research: To further advance future research, there are several avenues to consider. One option is to broaden the scope by including a larger sample size, allowing for a more comprehensive analysis. Another possibility is to investigate the impact of BA adoption on various performance indicators beyond the ones already examined. Additionally, incorporating qualitative research methods would provide a more holistic understanding of the organizational dynamics and challenges associated with the adoption of BA in Jordanian commercial banks.

Aim/Purpose: This study aims to develop a theoretical model based on the SOR (Stimulus – Organism – Response) framework and GETAMEL, which cover environmental, personal, and learning quality aspects to identify factors influencing students’ acceptance of the use of LMS in high schools, especially after COVID-19 pandemic. Background: After the COVID-19 pandemic, many high schools reopened for in-person classes, which led to a decreased reliance on e-learning. The shift from online to traditional face-to-face learning has influenced students’ perceptions of the importance of e-learning in their academic activities. Consequently, high schools are facing the challenge of ensuring that LMS can still be integrated into the teaching-learning process even after the pandemic ends. Therefore, this study proposes a model to investigate the factors that affect students’ actual use of LMS in the high school environment. Methodology: This study used 890 high school students to validate the theoretical model using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis to deliver direct, indirect, and moderating effect analysis. Contribution: This study combines SOR and acceptance theory to provide a model to explain high school students’ intention to use technology. The involvement of direct, indirect, and moderating effects analysis offers an alternative result and discussion and is considered another contribution of this study from a technical perspective. Findings: The findings show that perceived satisfaction is the most influential factor affecting the use of LMS, followed by perceived usefulness. Meanwhile, from indirect effect analysis, subjective norms and computer self-efficacy were found to indirectly affect actual use through perceived usefulness as a mediator. Content quality was also an indirect predictor of the actual use of LMS through perceived satisfaction. Further, the moderating effect of age influenced perceived satisfaction’s direct effect on actual use. Recommendations for Practitioners: This study provides practical recommendations that can be useful to high schools and other stakeholders in improving the use of LMS in educational environments. Specifically, exploring the implementation of LMS in high schools prior to and following the COVID-19 outbreak can offer valuable insights into the changing educational environment. Recommendation for Researchers: The results of this study present a significant theoretical contribution by employing a comprehensive approach to explain the adoption of LMS among high school students after the COVID-19 pandemic. This contribution extends the GETAMEL framework by incorporating environmental, personal, and learning quality aspects while also analyzing both direct and indirect effects, which have not been previously explored in this context. Impact on Society: This study provides knowledge to high schools for improving the use of LMS in educational environments post-COVID-19, leading to an enhanced teaching-learning process. Future Research: This study, however, is limited to collecting responses exclusively from Indonesian respondents. Therefore, the replication of the finding needs to consider the characteristics and culture similar to Indonesian students, which is regarded as the limitation of this study.

Aim/Purpose: This research aims to develop a smart agricultural knowledge management framework to empower emergent farmers and extension officers (advisors to farmers) in developing countries as part of a smart farming lab (SFL). The framework utilizes knowledge objects (KOs) to capture information and knowledge of different forms, including indigenous knowledge. It builds upon a foundation of established agricultural knowledge management (AKM) models and serves as the cornerstone for an envisioned SFL. This framework facilitates optimal decision support by fostering linkages between these KOs and relevant organizations, knowledge holders, and knowledge seekers within the SFL environment. Background: Emergent farmers and extension officers encounter numerous obstacles in their knowledge operations and decision-making. This includes limited access to agricultural information and difficulties in applying it effectively. Many lack reliable sources of support, and even when information is available, understanding and applying it to specific situations can be challenging. Additionally, extension offices struggle with operational decisions and knowledge management due to agricultural organizations operating isolated in silos, hindering their access to necessary knowledge. This research introduces an SFL with a proposed AKM process model aimed at transforming emergent farmers into smart, innovative entities by addressing these challenges. Methodology: This study is presented as a theory-concept paper and utilizes a literature review to evaluate and synthesize three distinct AKM models using several approaches. The results of the analysis are used to design a new AKM process model. Contribution: This research culminates in a new AKM process framework that incorporates the strengths of various existing AKM models and supports emergent farmers and extension officers to become smart, innovative entities. One main difference between the three models analyzed, and the one proposed in this research, is the deployment and use of knowledge assets in the form of KOs. The proposed framework also incorporates metadata and annotations to enhance knowledge discoverability and enable AI-powered applications to leverage captured knowledge effectively. In practical terms, it contributes by further motivating the use of KOs to enable the transfer and the capturing of organizational knowledge. Findings: A model for an SFL that incorporates the proposed agricultural knowledge management framework is presented. This model is part of a larger knowledge factory (KF). It includes feedback loops, KOs, and mechanisms to facilitate intelligent decision-making. The significance of fostering interconnected communities is emphasized through the creation of linkages. These communities consist of knowledge seekers and bearers, with information disseminated through social media and other communication integration platforms. Recommendations for Practitioners: Practitioners and other scholars should consider implementing the proposed AKM process model as part of a larger SFL to support emergent farmers and extension officers in making operational decisions and applying knowledge management strategies. Recommendation for Researchers: The AKM process model is only presented in conceptual form. Therefore, researchers can practically test and assess the new framework in an agricultural setting. They can also further explore the potential of social media integration platforms to connect knowledge seekers with knowledge holders. Impact on Society: The proposed AKM process model has the potential to support emergent farmers and extension officers in becoming smart, innovative entities, leading to improved agricultural practices and potentially contributing to food security. Future Research: This paper discusses the AKM process model in an agrarian setting, but it can also be applied in other domains, such as education and the healthcare sector. Future research can evaluate the model’s effectiveness and explore and further investigate the semantic web and social media integration.

Aim/Purpose: This study investigates the drivers of user satisfaction in e-government services and its influence on continued use intention and citizen trust in government. It employs the integration of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Information System Success Model (ISSM). Background: Electronic government, transforming citizen-state interactions, has gained momentum worldwide, including in India, where the aim is to leverage technology to improve citizen services, streamline administration, and engage the public. While prior research has explored factors influencing citizen satisfaction with e-government services globally, this area of study has been relatively unexplored in India, particularly in the post-COVID era. Challenges to widespread e-government adoption in India include a large and diverse population, limited digital infrastructure in rural areas, low digital literacy, and weak data protection regulations. Additionally, global declines in citizen trust, attributed to economic concerns, corruption, and information disclosures, further complicate the scenario. This study seeks to investigate the influence of various factors on user satisfaction and continuance usage of e-government services in India. It also aims to understand how these services contribute to building citizens’ trust in government. Methodology: The data were collected by utilizing survey items on drivers of e-government services, user satisfaction, citizen trust, and continuance use intention derived from existing literature on information systems and e-government. Responses from 501 Indian participants, collected using an online questionnaire, were analyzed using PLS-SEM. Contribution: This study makes a dual contribution to the e-government domain. First, it introduces a comprehensive research model that examines factors influencing users’ satisfaction and continuance intention with e-government services. The proposed model integrates the TAM and ISSM. Combining these models allows for a comprehensive examination of e-government satisfaction and continued intention. By analyzing the impact of user satisfaction on continuance intention and citizen trust through an integrated model, researchers and practitioners gain insights into the complex dynamics involved. Second, the study uncovers the effects of residential status on user satisfaction, trust, and continuance intention regarding e-government services. Findings reveal disparities in the influence of system and service quality on user satisfaction across different user segments. Researchers and policymakers should consider these insights when designing e-government services to ensure user satisfaction, continuance intention, and the building of citizen trust. Findings: The findings indicate that the quality of information, service, system, and perceived usefulness play important roles in user satisfaction with e-government services. All hypothesized paths were significant, except for perceived ease of use. Furthermore, the study highlights that user satisfaction significantly impacts citizen trust and continuance use intention. Recommendations for Practitioners: The findings suggest that government authorities should focus on delivering accurate, comprehensive, and timely information in a secure, glitch-free, and user-friendly digital environment. Implementing an interactive and accessible interface, ensuring compatibility across devices, and implementing swift query resolution mechanisms collectively contribute to improving users’ satisfaction. Conducting awareness and training initiatives, providing 24×7 access to online tutorials, helpdesks, technical support, clear FAQs, and integrating AI-driven customer service support can further ensure a seamless user experience. Government institutions should leverage social influence, community engagement, and social media campaigns to enhance user trust. Promotional campaigns, incentive programs, endorsements, and user testimonials should be used to improve users’ satisfaction and continuance intention. Recommendation for Researchers: An integrated model combining TAM and ISSM offers a robust approach for thoroughly analyzing the diverse factors influencing user satisfaction and continuance intention in the evolving digitalization landscape of e-government services. This expansion, aligning with ISSM’s perspective, enhances the literature by demonstrating how user satisfaction impacts continuance usage intention and citizen trust in e-government services in India and other emerging economies. Impact on Society: Examining the factors influencing user satisfaction and continuance intention in e-government services and their subsequent impact on citizen trust carries significant societal implications. The findings can contribute to the establishment of transparent and accountable governance practices, fostering a stronger connection between governments and their citizens. Future Research: There are several promising avenues to explore to enhance future research. Expanding the scope by incorporating a larger sample size could enable a more thorough analysis. Alternatively, delving into the performance of specific e-government services would offer greater precision, considering that this study treats e-government services generically. Additionally, incorporating in-depth interviews and longitudinal studies would yield a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamic evolution of digitalization.

In this paper, two hypothetical frameworks are proposed through the application of quality function deployment (QFD) to integrate the current institutional level and program level student learning focus areas with the relevant institutional and program specific stakeholder expectations. A generic skillset proficiency expected of all the graduating students at the institutional level by the stakeholders is considered in the first QFD application example and a program specific knowledge proficiency expected at the program level by the stakeholders is considered in the second QFD application example. Operations management major/option is considered for illustration purposes at the program level. In addition, an assurance of learning based approach rooted in continuous improvement philosophy is proposed to align the stakeholder expectations with the relevant student learning outcomes at different learning tiers.

Scientific experiments, simulations, and modern applications generate large amounts of data. Analysing resources required to process such big datasets is essential to identify application running costs for cloud or in-house deployments. Researchers have proposed keeping data in raw formats to avoid upfront utilisation of resources. However, it poses reparsing issues for frequently accessed data. The paper discusses detailed comparative analysis of resources required by in-situ engines and traditional database management systems to process a real-world scientific dataset. A resource monitoring framework has been developed and incorporated into the raw data query processing framework to achieve this goal. The work identified different query types best suited to a given data processing tool in terms of data to result time and resource requirements. The analysis of resource utilisation patterns has led to the development of query complexity aware (QCA) and resource utilisation aware (RUA) data partitioning techniques to process big raw data efficiently. Resource utilisation data have been analysed to estimate the data processing capacity of a given machine.

Aim/Purpose: This paper explores the implications of machine-mediated communication on human interaction in cross-disciplinary teams. The authors explore the relationships between Open Science Theory, its contributions to team science, and the opportunities and challenges associated with adopting open science principles. Background: Open Science Theory impacts many aspects of human interaction throughout the scholarly life cycle and can be seen in action through various technologies, which each typically touch only one such aspect. By serving multiple aspects of Open Science Theory at once, the Open Science Framework (OSF) serves as an exemplar technology. As such it illustrates how Open Science Theory can inform and expand cognitive and behavioral dynamics in teams at multiple levels in a single tool. Methodology: This concept paper provides a theoretical rationale for recommendations for exploring the connections between an open science paradigm and the dynamics of team communication. As such theory and evidence have been culled to initiate a synthesis of the nascent literature, current practice and theory. Contribution: This paper aims to illuminate the shared goals between open science and the study of teams by focusing on science team activities (data management, methods, algorithms, and outputs) as focal objects for further combined study. Findings: Team dynamics and characteristics that will affect successful human/machine assisted interactions through mediators of workflow culture, attitudes about ownership of knowledge, readiness to share openly, shifts from group-driven to user-driven functionality, group-organizing to self-organizing structures, and the development of trust as teams regulate between traditional and open science dissemination. Recommendations for Practitioners: Participation in open science practices through machine-assisted technologies in team projects/scholarship should be encouraged. Recommendation for Researchers: The information provided highlights areas in need of further study in team science as well as new primary sources of material in the study of teams utilizing machine-assisted methods in their work. Impact on Society: As researchers take on more complex social problems, new technology and open science practices can complement the work of diverse stakeholders while also providing opportunities to broaden impact and intensify scholarly contributions. Future Research: Future investigation into the cognitive and behavioral research conducted with teams that employ machine-assisted technologies in their workflows would offer researchers the opportunity to understand better the relationships between intelligent machines and science teams’ impacts on their communities as well as the necessary paradigmatic shifts inherent when utilizing these technologies.

Aim/Purpose: The aim is to explore the informing flows framework as interactions within a PhD education practicing a work-integrated learning approach in order to reveal both the perspectives of industrial PhD students and of industry. Background: An under-researched field of university-industry collaboration is explored revealing both the perspectives of industrial PhD students and of industry. Methodology: Qualitative methods were applied including interviews and document studies. In total ten semi-structured interviews in two steps were conducted. The empirical context is a Swedish PhD program in informatics with a specialization in work-integrated learning. Contribution: By broadening the concept of work-integrated learning, this paper contributes empirical results on benefits and challenges in university-industry collaboration focusing on industrial PhD students and industry by applying the informing flows framework. Findings: Findings expose novel insights for industry as well as academia. The industrial PhD students are key stakeholders and embody the informing flows between practice and university and between practice and research. They are spanning boundaries between university and industry generating continuous opportunities for validation and testing of empirical results and models in industry. This may enable increased research quality and short-lag dissemination of research results as well as strengthened organizational legitimacy. Recommendation for Researchers: Academia is recommended to recognize the value of the industrial PhD students’ pre-understanding of the industry context in the spirit of work-integrated learning approach. The conditions for informing flows between research and practice need to continuously be maintained to enable short-term societal impact of research for both academia and industry. For practitioners: This explorative study show that it is vital for practice to recognize that challenges do exist and need to be considered to strengthen industrial PhD pro-grams as well as university-industry collaborations. Additionally, it is of importance to formalize a continuously dissemination of research in the industries. Future Research: Future international and/or transdisciplinary research within this field is encouraged to include larger samples covering other universities and a mix of industrial contexts or comparing industrial PhD students in different phases of their PhD education.

Aim/Purpose: A literature review is often criticized for the absence of coherent construction, synthesis of topics, and well-reasoned analysis. A framework is needed for novice researchers to organize and present information obtained from the literature review. Background: Information and communication technologies advancement have yielded overwhelming information. The massive availability of information poses several challenges, including storage, processing, meaningful organization, and presentation for future consumption. Information System Researchers have developed frameworks, guidelines, and tools for gathering, filtering, processing, storing, and organizing information. Interestingly, information system researchers have vast information that needs meaningful organization and presentation to the research fraternity while conducting a literature review on a research topic. Methodology: This paper describes a framework called LACTiC (Location, Author, Continuum, Time, and Category) that we adapted from another framework called LATCH (Location, Alphabetical, Time, Category, and Hierarchy). LATCH was used to organize and present information on e-commerce websites for seamless navigation. We evaluated the LACTiC framework. Contribution: Information System Researchers can use the LACTiC framework to organize information obtained from literature review. Findings: The evaluation reveals that most researchers from information systems organize information obtained from the literature review category-wise, followed by continuum, author, time, and location. Recommendation for Researchers: Overall, the framework works well and can be helpful for researchers for an initial idea for organizing information obtained from the literature review. Future Research: To conceptualize the framework, the study was carried out using Information Systems related literature. To generalize the proposed framework, we may suggest that the study can be extended to other areas of business management, such as marketing, finance, operation, decision sciences, accounting, and economics.

This paper presents a novel deep learning technique called quantum dilated convolutional neural network-DenseNet (Q-DenseNet) for prediction of heart disease in spark framework. At first, the input data taken from the database is allowed for data partitioning using fast fuzzy C-means clustering (FFCM). The partitioned data is fed into spark framework, where pre-processed by missing data imputation and quantile normalisation. The pre-processed data is further allowed for selection of suitable features. Then, the selected features from the slave nodes are merged and fed into master node. The Q-DenseNet is used in master node for the prediction of heart disease. The performance improvement of the designed Q-DenseNet model is validated by comparing with traditional prediction models. Here, the Q-DenseNet method achieved superior performance with maximum of 92.65% specificity, 91.74% sensitivity, and 90.15% accuracy.

Competitive dynamics theory overlooks an entire class of attackers who pose a serious threat to commercial firms—nonmarket players (NMPs) such as activists, environmentalists, social entrepreneurs, and NGOs. Using an institutional perspective, this conceptual manuscript advances competitive dynamics theory by developing a framework of organizational hostility. The framework profiles NMPs according to their propensity to engage firms; it also classifies firms based on their vulnerability and initial reaction to NMP attacks. Corroborated with a mathematical model (Appendix), the conceptual framework explains which NMPs are most hostile to firms; why some NMPs issue threats whereas others quickly strike commercial firms; and which firms are most vulnerable to such hostility.

The number of constructs developed to assess workplace aggression has flourished in recent years, leading to confusion over what meaningful differences exist (if any) between the constructs. We argue that one way to frame the field of workplace aggression is via approach/avoidance principles, with various workplace aggression constructs (e.g., abusive supervision, supervisor undermining, and workplace ostracism) differentially predicting specific approach or avoidance emotions and behaviors. Using two multi-wave field sample of employees, we demonstrate the utility of approach/avoidance principles in conceptualizing workplace aggression constructs, as well as the processes and boundary conditions through which they uniquely influence outcomes. Implications for the workplace aggression literature are discussed.

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The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas is finalizing a regulatory framework to ensure the efficiency of clearing switch operations within the national payment system, particularly the automated clearing houses under the National Retail Payment System.

The wethepeople "Pathfinder" BMX Frame is the signature frame of Felix Prangenberg and uses "new school street inspired" responsive geometry with a ground breaking new offset thickness chain stay and bottom bracket sheel, to strengthen the frame in areas susceptible to grind damage. Now boasting a longer 12.9" - 13.5" chainstay, taller Standover height of 9.666" and some fresh new graphics. Furthermore the wethepeople "Pathfinder" BMX Frame includes a integrated seat clamp, wider rear triangle for a 2.4" tire and has no brake hardware holes (brakeless) for a very clean and modern look.

• Wheel Size: 20"
• Material: 100% 4130 Japanese CrMo, top tube and down tube gussets, butted tubes, integrated headset, integrated seatclamp, offset thickness dent resistant chainstays and mid bb for grind resistance
• Geometry:
  Top Tube Length (TT): 20.5", 20.75" or 21.0"
  Chainstay Length (CS): 12.9" (32.77cm) - 13.5" (34.29cm)
  Head Tube Angle (HA): 76°
  Seat Tube Angle (SA): 71°
  Bottom Bracket Height: 11.7" (29.72cm)
  Standover Height (SO): 9.666" (24.55cm)
• Seat Clamp: integrated
• Seat Post Diameter: 25.4mm
• Bottom Bracket: Mid BB
• Dropouts: Investment cast, 6mm thick, 14mm slots, CNC machined, 4130 CrMo
• Chain Tensioners: without
• Brake Type: without (brakeless)
• Brakemounts: without
• Brakemounts included with delivery: No
• Gyro compatible: No
• Features: Felix Prangenberg Signature, extruded offset thickness dent resistant chainstays, super strong offset thickness bottom bracket shell, super steep 76 degree headtube, wide rear end for fat 2.4" tires
• Model Year: 2023

The wethepeople "Battleship Magnum" BMX Frame comes with some new features like the hydroformed top tube and down tube gussets, new shape dropouts for perfect hubguard/peg fit and a short rear for modern techical BMX street riding. The specialty of the wethepeople "Battleship Magnum" BMX Frame is a taller standover with 9.75" and the new hydroformed seat tube, which creates an optimal connection to the bottom bracket housing and also generates more stiffness in the area of the bottom bracket. Furthermore the wethepeople "Battleship Magnum" BMX Frame includes a integrated seat clamp, wider rear triangle for for a 2.5" tire and has now brake hardware holes (brakeless).

• Wheel Size: 20"
• Material: 100% 4130 Japanese CrMo, hydroformed top tube and down tube gussets, hydroformed seat tube, butted tubes, integrated headset, integrated seatclamp
• Geometry:
  Top Tube Length (TT): 20.75", 21.0" or 21.25"
  Chainstay Length (CS): 12.7" (32.26cm) - 13.25" (33.65cm)
  Head Tube Angle (HA): 75.5°
  Seat Tube Angle (SA): 71°
  Bottom Bracket Height: 11.7" (29.72cm)
  Standover Height (SO): 9.75" (24.77cm)
• Seat Clamp: integrated
• Seat Post Diameter: 25.4mm
• Bottom Bracket: Mid BB
• Dropouts: Laser Cut, 6mm thick, 14mm slots, new shape for perfect hubguard/peg fit
• Chain Tensioners: without
• Brake Type: without (brakeless)
• Brakemounts: without
• Brakemounts included with delivery: No
• Gyro compatible: No
• Features: wide rear end for fat 2.5" tires, hydroformed top and down tube for the strongest possible connection to the headtube, hydroformed seat tube for optimal connection to the bottom bracket shell, taller 127mm extended headtube for less spacers with an uncut fork
• Model Year: 2021

The wethepeople "Doomsayer" BMX Frame is the signature frame of BMX Pro Jordan Godwin and was in accordance to his wishes and his riding style for top modern and technical Pro level street riding designed and manufactured. The wethepeople "Doomsayer" BMX Frame comes with some new features like the hydroformed top tube and down tube, new shape investment cast dropouts, a super steep headtube angle of 76.25° and a smooth short rear for modern techical BMX street riding. Furthermore the wethepeople "Doomsayer" BMX Frame includes integrated chain tensioners, wider rear triangle for for a 2.5" tire and has no brake hardware holes (brakeless).

• Wheel Size: 20"
• Material: 100% 4130 Japanese CrMo, hydroformed top tube and down tube gussets, hydroformed seat tube gusset, butted tubes, integrated headset, integrated chain tensioners
• Geometry:
  Top Tube Length (TT): 20.5", 20.75" or 21.0"
  Chainstay Length (CS): 12.95" (32.89cm) - 13.25" (33.65cm)
  Head Tube Angle (HA): 76.25°
  Seat Tube Angle (SA): 71°
  Bottom Bracket Height: 11.9" (30.23cm)
  Standover Height (SO): 9" (22.86cm)
• Seat Clamp: integrated
• Seat Post Diameter: 25.4mm
• Bottom Bracket: Mid BB
• Dropouts: Investment cast, 7.5mm thick, 14mm slots, new shape for perfect hubguard/peg fit
• Chain Tensioners: without
• Brake Type: without (brakeless)
• Brakemounts: without
• Brakemounts included with delivery: No
• Gyro compatible: No
• Features: Jordan Godwin signature frame, wide rear end for fat 2.5" tires, hydroformed top and down tube for the strongest possible connection to the headtube, taller 127mm extended headtube for less spacers with an uncut fork
• Model Year: 2021

The wethepeople "Chaos Machine 22" BMX Frame - 22 Inch is the signature BMX frame from the Australian BMX Trails legend Tyson Jones-Peni and comes in a 22" inch version for 22" inch wheels. The wethepeople "Chaos Machine 22" BMX Frame - 22 Inch features a long and stable geometry and mounts for a disc brake (and regular U-brake).

• Wheel Size: 20"
• Material: 100% 4130 Japanese CrMo, top tube and down tube gussets, butted tubes, integrated headset, integrated seatclamp, offset thickness dent resistant chainstays and mid bb for grind resistance
• Geometry:
  Top Tube Length (TT): 22.25"
  Chainstay Length (CS): 14" (35.56cm) - 14.75" (37.47cm)
  Head Tube Angle (HA): 74.25°
  Seat Tube Angle (SA): 71°
  Bottom Bracket Height: 12.25"
  Standover Height (SO): 9.75" (24.77cm)
• Seat Clamp: integrated
• Seat Post Diameter: 25.4mm
• Bottom Bracket: Mid BB
• Dropouts: Investment cast, 6mm thick, 14mm slots, CNC machined, 4130 CrMo
• Chain Tensioners: integrated
• Brake Type: U-Brake & Disc Brake
• Brakemounts: without
• Brakemounts included with delivery: No
• Gyro compatible: No
• Features: Tyson Jones-Peni Signature, long trail geometry, disc mount for 120mm - 160mm rotors, 127mm high head tube, strut tube with larger radius, stiffer & stronger back end, larger weld on the head tube, wider dropout for wide 2.4" tires
• Model Year: 2024

The wethepeople "Utopia" BMX Frame is a modern technical BMX flatland frame and thanks to its curved top tube offers more space for tricks like PinkySqueaks and other BMX Flatland tricks.

• Wheel Size: 20"
• Material: 100% Japanese Seamless 4130 CrMo, butted
• Geometry:
  Top Tube Length (TT): 19.0" or 20.0"
  Chainstay Length (CS): 12.4" (31.5cm) - 13.2" (33.53cm)
  Head Tube Length: 4.6" (11.68cm)
  Head Tube Angle (HA): 75°
  Seat Tube Angle (SA): 71°
  Bottom Bracket Height: 12.0" (30.48cm)
  Standover Height (SO): 6.2" (15.5cm)
• Seat Clamp: integrated
• Seat Post Diameter: 25.4mm
• Bottom Bracket: Spanish BB
• Dropouts: Investment cast, 6.5mm thick, 14mm slots
• Chain Tensioners: integrated
• Brake Type: without (brakeless)
• Brakemounts: without
• Brakemounts included with delivery: not included with delivery
• Gyro compatible: No
• Features:
  - technical street/flatland frame, shorter top tube and lower seat tube for younger riders
  - hydroformed top and down tube for superior strength and stiffness
  - kinked toptube for increased foot clearance
  - frame comes with 14mm slot dropouts
  - extruded top tube with integrated threads for cable guides
  - tapered seat stays and chain stays with bullet tipped ends
  - curved seat stay bridge and chain stay bridge
  - wider rear triangle allows clearance for a 2.3" tire
  - WTP top tube and down tube gusset
  - 6mm seat clamp bolt

The perfect blend between Flatland, Street & Park, the wethepeople "Utopia Hybrid" BMX Frame takes DNA from many of wtp's current frames and blends it into a super tough, responsive and incredibly lightweight do-it-all frame. Just as capable in the streets as it is in the parking lot, the wethepeople "Utopia Hybrid" BMX Frame is also the chance for smaller and younger riders to ride one of the most advanced frames wethepeople have ever produced. Utilizing new super-lightweight hydroformed tubing and a crazy short chainstay, the wethepeople "Utopia Hybrid" BMX Frame is a frame in a league of its own.

• Wheel Size: 20"
• Material: 100% Japanese Seamless 4130 CrMo, butted
• Geometry:
  Top Tube Length (TT): 20.5"
  Chainstay Length (CS): 12.4" (31.5cm) - 13.2" (33.53cm)
  Head Tube Length: 4.6" (11.68cm)
  Head Tube Angle (HA): 75°
  Seat Tube Angle (SA): 71.5°
  Bottom Bracket Height: 11.8" (29.97cm)
  Standover Height (SO): 7.7" (19.56cm)
• Seat Clamp: integrated
• Seat Post Diameter: 25.4mm
• Bottom Bracket: Spanish BB
• Dropouts: Investment cast, 6.5mm thick, 14mm slots
• Chain Tensioners: integrated
• Brake Type: U-Brake
• Brakemounts: with (screwable, M6)
• Brakemounts included with delivery: not included with delivery
• Gyro compatible: Yes
• Features:
  - technical street/flatland frame, shorter top tube and lower seat tube for younger
• riders
  - hydroformed top and down tube for superior strength and stiffness
  - frame comes with 14mm slot dropouts
  - extruded top tube with integrated threads for cable guides
  - tapered seat stays and chain stays with bullet tipped ends
  - curved seat stay bridge and chain stay bridge
  - wider rear triangle allows clearance for a 2.3" tire
  - WTP top tube and down tube gusset
  - 6mm seat clamp bolt

The "Patrol" Range is a whole sub-brand of wethepeople which is heavily influenced from the trails and concrete park riding. The full line features a frame, fork and handlebar as well as stem, sprocket and barends. The wethepeople "Patrol" BMX Frame is designed to be run with a larger 28-9 gearing and with chainstay located brakemounts. The wethepeople "Patrol" BMX Frame pairs up a classic and satble geometry which is optimzed for trails and concret bowl riding.

• Wheel Size: 20"
• Material: 100% 4130 CrMo, top tube and down tube gussets, integrated headset
• Geometry:
  Top Tube (TT): 21.5"
  Chain Stay (CS): 13.6" – 14"
  Head Tube Angle (HA): 74.25°
  Seat Tube Angle (SA): 71°
  BB Height: 11.5"
  Standover Height (SO): 8.9"
• Seat Clamp: integrated
• Seat Post Diameter: 25.4mm
• Bottom Bracket: Mid BB, heat treated, CNC machined
• Dropouts: 6mm thick, 14mm slots, minimal size, not suitable for pegs, heat-treated
• Chain Tensioners: integrated
• Brakemounts: removable, pivot-3 (M6), not included with delivery
• Extras: extended 125mm headtube, wide rear end for fat 2.4" tires
• Model Year: 2021

Felix Prangenberg got his first signature prototype from Wethepeople which has some unrivaled highlights to offer like the extruded chainstays and offset thickness bottom bracket shell. We will get the "Pathfinder" frame early in september and you can read some words of Felix and more details at the bike check of wethepeople (goto pathfinder bikecheck)! Best regards, Your kunstform BMX Shop

The wethepeople 2019 BMX frames are now in stock, like for example the wethepeople "Buck" 2019 BMX Frame in the colorway Matt Translucent Blue, which is Dillon Lloyd's signature frame and is the toughest BMX street frame of wethepeople. It has a new 7mm thick invest cast droput and used a taller 127mm headtube to elminate the need for headset spacer. The wethepeople "Buck" 2019 BMX Frame - Matt Translucent Blue comes now with a 13.2" short rear end, so it's more maneuverable and a pretty solid frame.

Also now in stock, the wethepeople "Pathfinder" 2019 BMX Frame in the new colorway Sunburst Green, which is the signature frame of Felix Prangenberg and uses "new school street inspired" responsive geometry with a ground breaking new offset thickness chain stay and bottom bracket sheel, to strengthen the frame in areas susceptible to grind damage. Furthermore the wethepeople "Pathfinder" 2019 BMX Frame - Sunburst Green includes a integrated seat clamp, wider rear triangle for for a 2.5" tire and has no brake hardware holes (brakeless) for a very clean and modern look.

Check our online-shop for more new Wethepeople products!



Have fun!



All the best,

Your kunstform BMX Shop Team

We got the new Sunday Bikes 2019 BMX Parts now in stock, like for example the Sunday Bikes "Discovery" 2019 BMX Frame, which is the sunday team frame and got tested by the team riders. The Sunday Bikes "Discovery" 2019 BMX Frame features short chainstays, a tall bottom bracket, a long head tube and small hollow dropouts with integrated chain tensioners.

Also now in stock, the Sunday Bikes "Soundwave V3" 2019 BMX Frame, which is already a classic and available since 2007 and has since continuously developed and refined. The 3rd version of the Sunday Bikes "Soundwave V3" 2019 BMX Frame, is the most advanced frame design that Sunday offers. Loaded with features like proven hollow dropouts, integrated chain tensioners, Wave down tube and top tube, cable channel guide, angled removable brake mounts, "Director" style wishbone, post-weld machining of the BB & HT, and full 41-Thermal post weld heat-treating throughout.

Check our online-shop for more new Sunday Bikes products!



Have fun!



All the best,

Your kunstform BMX Shop Team

We got the new wethepeople "Message" 2019 BMX Frame in the colorway Galactic Purple, which has a great BMX Park geometrie and is euipped with a short stand over height of 8" and head tube angle of 75.5°. The wethepeople "Message" 2019 BMX Frame - Galactic Purple comes with a glitterpaint, is made of 4130 CrMo and comes as well with a strong rearend.


Check our online-shop for more new wethepeople products!



Have fun!



All the best,

Your kunstform BMX Shop Team

Very soon we will get the new wethepeople BMX frames and it is time for us to reduce the previous year's models. So be fast.

Related links:

• all BMX frames of wethepeople
• all products of wethepeople

We still have a few wethepeople Pathfinder Felix Prangenberg Signature 2019 BMX frames in stock, which we are now offering in a greatly reduced amount while stocks last.

Related links:

• all signature parts of Felix Prangenberg
• all products of wethepeople

In our stock room the space for BMX frames is getting tight, so that's why can offer them during our "BMX Frame Sale Week" for super special prices. The special prices are only valid until October 16th, 2020 and only while stocks last.

The new BMX frames from Federal Bikes, developed in collaboration with Bruno Hoffmann, Boyd Hilder, and Dan Lacey, are now available. These frames are characterized by their top-notch performance and durability, influenced by these experienced riders. In addition, there is the Chiller BMX frame, which was created in collaboration with DUB BMX. These frames offer exciting designs and solid performance.

A new item has been added to the database: 40702 Christmas Picture Frame.

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