Interview with Harsha Thirumurthy, PhD, author of Effect of Providing Conditional Economic Compensation on Uptake of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Kenya: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Laura P. Richardson, MD, MPH, author of Collaborative Care for Adolescents With Depression in Primary Care

Interview with Allison W. Kurian, MD, MSc, author of Use of and Mortality After Bilateral Mastectomy Compared With Other Surgical Treatments for Breast Cancer in California, 1998-2011

Interview with George R. Buchanan, MD, author of Management of Sickle Cell Disease

Interview with Marc Carrier, MD, MSc, author of Clinical and Safety Outcomes Associated With Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Interview with Miriam Kuppermann, PhD, MPH, author of Effect of Enhanced Information, Values Clarification, and Removal of Financial Barriers on Use of Prenatal Genetic Testing

Interview with Shelley S. Magill, MD, PhD, author of Prevalence of Antimicrobial Use in US Acute Care Hospitals, May-September 2011

Interview with Jonathan A. Patz, MD, MPH, author of Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities for Global Health

Interview with Stefanie Schulz-Schüpke, MD, author of Comparison of Vascular Closure Devices vs Manual Compression After Femoral Artery Puncture: The ISAR-CLOSURE Randomized Clinical Trial

Dr Aiah A. Gbakima, editor in chief of the Sierra Leone Journal of Biomedical Research, talks about confronting the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone (originally posted on 10-2-2014).

Interview with Richard K. Burt, MD, author of Association of Nonmyeloablative Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation With Neurological Disability in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Interview with Jeffrey G. Jarvik, MD, MPH, author of Association of Early Imaging for Back Pain With Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults

Interview with Anny H. Xiang, PhD, author of Association of Maternal Diabetes With Autism in Offspring

Interview with Ellen Wright Clayton, MD, JD , author of Why the Americans With Disabilities Act Matters for Genetics

Interview with Kevin P. Hill, MD, MHS, author of Medical Marijuana for Treatment of Chronic Pain and Other Medical and Psychiatric Problems: A Clinical Review, and Deepak Cyril D'Souza, MBBS, MD, author of Medical Marijuana: Is the Cart Before the Horse?

Interview with Diana W. Bianchi, MD, author of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing and Incidental Detection of Occult Maternal Malignancies

Edward H. Livingston, MD discusses atrial fibrillation with Eric N. Prystowsky, MD, author of Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. This review article reports that therapy for atrial fibrillation should include rate control for all patients, but maintenance of sinus rhythm with drugs or catheter ablation should be considered on an individual patient basis. Also on the program is a conversation about new technologies to facilitate screening for atrial fibrillation with Leslie Saxon, MD.

Edward H. Livingston, MD, interviews a war veteran and discusses PTSD with Maria Steenkamp, PhD, author of Psychotherapy for Military-Related PTSD, and Michele Spoont, PhD, author of Rational Clinical Exam: Does This Patient Have Posttraumatic Stress Disorder? The article by Dr Steenkamp reports that many military personnel and veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder achieve clinically meaningful improvement with use of the first-line trauma-focused interventions cognitive processing therapy and prolonged exposure.
 The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review by Dr Spoont examines the utility of self-report screening instruments for posttraumatic stress disorder among primary care and high-risk populations.

Interview with Lee M. Jampol, MD, author of Panretinal Photocoagulation vs Intravitreous Ranibizumab for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Alex B. Haynes, MD, MPH, author of Relationship Between Cesarean Delivery Rate and Maternal and Neonatal Mortality

Interview with Roger Stupp, MD, author of Maintenance Therapy With Tumor-Treating Fields Plus Temozolomide vs Temozolomide Alone for Glioblastoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with John H. Sampson, MD, PhD, MHSc, MBA, author of Alternating Electric Fields for the Treatment of Glioblastoma

Minor head trauma usually does not cause significant brain injury. To be safe, clinicians often obtain head CT scans to ensure no major injury is present. For minor head trauma (Glascow coma scale 13-15), the risk to benefit ratio for head CT is usually not in favor of getting CT scans. When the Canadian head CT rule or New Orleans Criteria are negative, there is a very small risk for missing a significant brain injury. Joshua Easter, MD from the Department of Emergency Medicine at the University of Virginia who authored a JAMA Rational Clinical Examination article on this topic is interviewed as is Frederick Rivara, from the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Washington who wrote an accompanying editorial. Michelle Mello, a Law Professor at Stanford, discusses the medical liability associated with not obtaining neuroimaging for minor head trauma.

Interview with Gaëtan Deslée, MD, PhD, author of Lung Volume Reduction Coil Treatment vs Usual Care in Patients With Severe Emphysema: The REVOLENS Randomized Clinical Trial

Polypharmacy is a rapidly worsening problem that hits elderly patients particularly hard.  As patients grow older, they need more medications but at the same time become less capable of managing the complexity of drug treatments.  In order to simplify treatment regimens for older patients, it is necessary to consider the evidence supporting treatment of various conditions and when the evidence is not particularly strong, reduce or eliminate medications accordingly.  Diabetes management in the elderly is highlighted in this podcast with specific attention given to deintensifying diabetes treatment in the elderly.

Articles discussed in this episode:

• Polypharmacy in the Aging Patient: Glycemic Control in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Review (Kasia J. Lipska, MD, MHS)
• Evaluation and Treatment of Older Patients With Hypercholesterolemia: A Clinical Review (Timo E. Strandberg, MD, PhD)
• Trends in Prescription Drug Use Among Adults in the United States From 1999-2012 (Elizabeth D. Kantor, PhD, MPH)

Interview with Antoni Ribas, MD, PhD, author of Association of Pembrolizumab With Tumor Response and Survival Among Patients With Advanced Melanoma

Persistent diarrhea is a poorly recognized syndrome in all populations that requires proper assessment and diagnosis to ensure that affected individuals receive the treatment needed to experience improvement of clinical symptoms. Listen to Drs Herbert DuPont and Annie Feagins discuss how to diagnose and treat diarrhea. Related article: Persistent Diarrhea

Introducing a new series of JAMA articles on professionalism, discussed from the perspective of how clinicians should address challenging clinical situations and adverse events in their medical practice. In the first episode of the accompanying podcast, JAMA Professionalism: Best Practice, we interview Wendy Levinson, MD, and Jensen Yeung, MD, authors of Disclosure of Medical Error, which appeared in the August 16, 2016 issue of JAMA, as well as Thomas H. Gallagher, MD.

Drug prices continue to rise in the US. Many solutions have been proposed but few have been implemented. Drs. Janet Woodcock from the FDA and Aaron Kesselheim, author of The High Cost of Prescription Drugs in the United States from the Harvard Medical School discuss the role of brand name drugs and generics and how they influence the cost of pharmaceuticals.

Also see The Cost of US Pharmaceutical Price Reductions: A Financial Simulation Model of R&D Decisions by Thomas A. Abbott and John A. Vernon.

What to do when the wrong procedure is performed? In this first installment of JAMA Performance Improvement: Do No Harm we explore the options for dealing with this very difficult problem with Tami Minnier, RN, MSN, Paul Phrampus, MD, Linda Waddell, RN, MSN, and David Baker, MD, MPH, FACP. Air traffic audio courtesy of LiveATC.net, used with permission.

This Medical News podcast discusses the Human Genome Project-write with Harvard geneticist, George Church, PhD.

Interview with Douglas K. Owens, MD, MS, USPSTF Task Force member and coauthor of Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Christopher JL. Murray, MD, DPhil, author of US County-Level Trends in Mortality Rates for Major Causes of Death, 1980-2014

Between 8% and 10% of the population will have a seizure at one point in life. It's important to distinguish seizures from other entities that can look like them and, once a diagnosis of a seizure is established, know how to treat them. In this JAMA Clinical Review podcast, we discuss seizures and epilepsy with Jay Gavvala, MD, author of New-Onset Seizure in Adults and Adolescents: A Review.

Article discussed in this episode:

New-Onset Seizure in Adults and Adolescents: A Review

Workplace violence–related injuries occur disproportionately in health care settings. In this podcast, we discuss how individual clinicians should manage violent patients who might attack them. Article discussed in this episode: Ensuring Staff Safety When Treating Potentially Violent Patients

In 2017 the Society for Critical Care Medicine updated its guidelines for sepsis management. These new guidelines differ significantly from ones in the past in that they no longer recommend protocolized resuscitation and emphasize early and aggressive fluid resuscitation when patients present with septic shock. This is the first podcast in the Surviving Sepsis guideline series. The next episode discusses why the new sepsis guideline changed.

Article discussed in this episode: Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock

Speakers:

Laura Evans, MD, MSc, of Bellevue Hospital and NYU Medical Center

Andrew Rhodes, MBBS, MD, of St George’s University Hospitals NHS Trust and co-chair of the Surviving Sepsis guideline panel

Mitchell M. Levy, MD, of the Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital

This Medical News podcast features an interview with Barry Marshall, MD, who codiscovered the stomach bug H pylori in 1982.

This podcast discusses the latest research into the workings of the lung microbiome and how it will affect future diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. Related article: The Lung Microbiome: Key to Respiratory Ills?

Interview with Ann C. McKee, M.D., author of Clinicopathological Evaluation of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Players of American Football

Interview with John W Epling, MD, MSEd, Task Force member and co-author of Screening for Intimate Partner Violence, Elder Abuse, and Abuse of Vulnerable Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Final Recommendation Statement

Interview with Alex R Kemper, MD, MPH, MS, Task Force member and co-author of Interventions to Prevent Child Maltreatment: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Sonoo Thadaney-Israni, MBA, and Abraham Verghese, MD, MACP, authors of Humanizing Artificial Intelligence

Interview with Andrew A. Nierenberg, MD, author of Evolving Issues in the Treatment of Depression

Interview with Randall S. Stafford, MD, PhD, MHS, author of A Practical Approach to Low-Dose Aspirin for Primary Prevention

Interview with Robert M. Wachter, MD, author of Reimagining Specialty Consultation in the Digital Age: The Potential Role of Targeted Automatic Electronic Consultations

Interview with Michael Nurok, MBChB, PhD, author of Relative Value Units and the Measurement of Physician Performance

Interview with Joanna Paladino, MD, author of Communication Strategies for Sharing Prognostic Information With Patients: Beyond Survival Statistics

Interview with Anna D. Sinaiko, Ph. D., author of What Is the Value of Market-Wide Health Care Price Transparency?

Interview with Melissa A. Simon, MD, MPH, Task Force member and coauthor of Screening for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with William H. Shrank, MD, MSHS, author of Waste in the US Health Care System: Estimated Costs and Potential for Savings