When companies involve stakeholders, such as local communities, in their decision making, it enables them to identify, and account for the impacts of their activities, and contribute to positive social and economic development. To address the challenges raised when engaging with stakeholders, the OECD is preparing a user guide on how to undertake due diligence in engaging with stakeholders for mining, oil and gas enterprises.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly turning to alternative sources of financing, while new bank lending is declining in a number of countries. Many SMEs remain over-reliant on bank credit, however, and the take-up of instruments other than straight debt varies greatly from one country to another, according to a new OECD report.

8 March 2018, Paris - On the occasion of International Woman's Day, senior decision-makers from the public and corporate worlds, experts, academics and stakeholders considered different policy approaches and implementation tools on how to close gender gaps in the private sector.

Portugal recorded a government debt equivalent to 117.70 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2019. Government Debt to GDP in Portugal averaged 80.80 percent from 1990 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 131.50 percent in 2016 and a record low of 50.30 percent in 2000. Generally, Government debt as a percent of GDP is used by investors to measure a country ability to make future payments on its debt, thus affecting the country borrowing costs and government bond yields. This page provides - Portugal Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Portugal recorded 1126 Coronavirus Deaths since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Portugal reported 27406 Coronavirus Cases. This page includes a chart with historical data for Portugal Coronavirus Deaths.

Housing Index in South Africa increased to 544.47 Index Points in November from 539.71 Index Points in October of 2016. Housing Index in South Africa averaged 127.55 Index Points from 1966 until 2016, reaching an all time high of 544.47 Index Points in November of 2016 and a record low of 3.62 Index Points in January of 1966. The Absa house price indices are based on the total purchase price of homes in the 80-400 Sq. meter size category, priced at ZAR 4,2 million or less in 2015 (including improvements), in respect of which mortgage loan applications were received and approved by Absa. This page provides - South Africa Housing Index- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Indonesia increased to 210.97 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 210.33 points in the third quarter of 2019. Housing Index in Indonesia averaged 150.79 points from 2002 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 210.97 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 100 points in the first quarter of 2002. In Indonesia, housing index refers to the Residential Property Price Index that measures house prices in 16 cities, including small, medium and large houses. This page provides - Indonesia Housing Index- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Australia decreased to -3 percent in the first quarter of 2019 from -2.40 percent in the fourth quarter of 2018. Housing Index in Australia averaged 1.43 percent from 2002 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 6.10 percent in the second quarter of 2002 and a record low of -3 percent in the first quarter of 2019. In Australia, House Price Index measures weighted average of price movements for residential properties for eight capital cities: Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Canberra, Hobart, Darwin and Perth. Residential properties are defined as detached residential dwellings on their own block of land regardless of age. . This page provides the latest reported value for - Australia House Price Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Housing Index in Portugal increased to 144.10 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 143.12 points in the third quarter of 2019. Housing Index in Portugal averaged 107.98 points from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 144.10 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 92.25 points in the second quarter of 2013. In Portugal, Housing Index measures the evolution of housing prices in the residential market. This page provides - Portugal House Price Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in France increased to 112.58 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 112.27 points in the third quarter of 2019. Housing Index in France averaged 102.40 points from 2006 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 112.58 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 93.63 points in the second quarter of 2006. In France, the House Price Index measures residential property market prices. The HPI captures price changes of all kinds of residential property purchased by households (flats, detached houses, terraced houses, etc.), both new and existing. Only market prices are considered, self-build dwellings are therefore excluded. The land component of the residential property is included. This page provides the latest reported value for - France House Price Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Housing Index In the Euro Area increased to 120.37 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 119.54 points in the third quarter of 2019. Housing Index in the Euro Area averaged 102.77 points from 2005 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 120.37 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 89.60 points in the first quarter of 2005. in the Euro Area, the House Price Index measures residential property market prices. The HPI captures price changes of all kinds of residential property purchased by households (flats, detached houses, terraced houses, etc.), both new and existing. Only market prices are considered, self-build dwellings are therefore excluded. The land component of the residential property is included. This page provides the latest reported value for - Euro Area House Price Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Housing Index in Italy decreased to 98.60 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 98.80 points in the third quarter of 2019. Housing Index in Italy averaged 106.39 points from 2010 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 120.70 points in the second quarter of 2011 and a record low of 97.70 points in the first quarter of 2019. In Italy, the House Price Index measures residential property market prices. The HPI captures price changes of all kinds of residential property purchased by households (flats, detached houses, terraced houses, etc.), both new and existing. Only market prices are considered, self-build dwellings are therefore excluded. The land component of the residential property is included. This page provides - Italy House Price Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Japan decreased to 111.71 points in December from 113.28 points in November of 2019. Housing Index in Japan averaged 104.46 points from 2008 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 116.44 points in January of 2019 and a record low of 97.26 points in October of 2009. In Japan, Housing Index refers to Residential Property Price Index, including prices of land, detached houses and condominiums. This page provides - Japan Construction Starts - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Russia increased to 8 percent in 2019 from 6.30 percent in 2018. Housing Index in Russia averaged 15.24 percent from 1998 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 56.90 percent in 1998 and a record low of -7.60 percent in 2009. This page provides - Russia House Price Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Turkey increased to 123.70 points in February from 120.90 points in January of 2020. Housing Index in Turkey averaged 77.80 points from 2010 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 123.70 points in February of 2020 and a record low of 45.40 points in January of 2010. In Turkey, the Housing Index is measured by the residential property price index. This page provides the latest reported value for - Turkey House Price Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Housing Index in Germany increased to 174.85 points in March from 172.98 points in February of 2020. Housing Index in Germany averaged 117.03 points from 1991 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 174.85 points in March of 2020 and a record low of 95.50 points in May of 2009. In Germany, Housing Index is measured by the price index of housing sales. This page provides the latest reported value for - Germany House Price Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Housing Index in Brazil increased to 129.80 points in March from 129.50 points in February of 2020. Housing Index in Brazil averaged 124.59 points from 2012 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 130.27 points in February of 2017 and a record low of 100 points in June of 2012. The FipeZap housing index in Brazil measures the changes in average prices of properties in 25 Brazilian municipalities, such as Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Distrito Federal, Salvador, Fortaleza, Recife and etc. This page provides - Brazil Housing Index- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in Canada increased to 104.10 points in March from 103.80 points in February of 2020. Housing Index in Canada averaged 68.04 points from 1981 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 104.10 points in March of 2020 and a record low of 37.70 points in May of 1983. In Canada, New Housing Price Index (NHPI) measures changes over time in the contractors' selling prices of new residential houses, where specifications of each house remain the same between two consecutive periods. . This page provides - Canada New Housing Price Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Housing Index in the United States increased to 0.70 percent in February from 0.50 percent in January of 2020. Housing Index in the United States averaged 0.30 percent from 1991 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 1.20 percent in January of 2000 and a record low of -1.80 percent in November of 2008. The FHFA (Federal Housing Finance Agency) House Price Index measures month over month changes in average prices of single-family houses with mortgages guaranteed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. This page provides the latest reported value for - United States House Price Index MoM Change - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Housing Index in Switzerland decreased to 168.74 points in the first quarter of 2020 from 169.34 points in the fourth quarter of 2019. Housing Index in Switzerland averaged 105.83 points from 1970 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 169.34 points in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 35.65 points in the first quarter of 1970. In Switzerland, housing index refers to Residential House Price Index of single-family homes. This page provides - Switzerland House Price Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

External Debt in Angola increased to 47553.80 USD Million in 2019 from 46981.70 USD Million in 2018. External Debt in Angola averaged 23712.31 USD Million from 2002 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 47553.80 USD Million in 2019 and a record low of 7594.83 USD Million in 2006. This page provides - Angola External Debt- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Angola recorded a trade surplus of 4933 USD Million in the third quarter of 2019. Balance of Trade in Angola averaged 9924.08 USD Million from 2002 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 42932 USD Million in the fourth quarter of 2008 and a record low of 958.33 USD Million in the first quarter of 2015. Angola exports mostly crude oil (more than 90% of total exports) and small quantities of diamonds, coffee, sisal and fish. Angola main exports partners are China (more than 40% of total exports), followed by the United States, India, France, Taiwan, South Africa and Canada. Angola imports machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts; medicines, food, textiles and military goods. Portugal is the main supplier of the Angolan economy (18% of total imports) followed by China, United States, Brazil and South Africa. This page provides the latest reported value for - Angola Balance of Trade - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Consumer Price Index CPI in Angola increased to 286.75 points in March from 281.53 points in February of 2020. Consumer Price Index CPI in Angola averaged 71.80 points from 1997 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 286.75 points in March of 2020 and a record low of 0.10 points in February of 1997. In Angola, the Consumer Price Index or CPI measures changes in the prices paid by consumers for a basket of goods and services. This page provides - Angola Consumer Price Index (CPI) - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Crude Oil Rigs in Angola increased to 7 in April from 6 in March of 2020. Crude Oil Rigs in Angola averaged 6.32 from 1995 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 18 in February of 2014 and a record low of 1 in January of 2000. This page provides - Angola Crude Oil Rigs- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Angola recorded 2 Coronavirus Deaths since the epidemic began, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, Angola reported 43 Coronavirus Cases. This page includes a chart with historical data for Angola Coronavirus Deaths.

This country note explains how Denmark taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

The tax-to-GDP ratio in Denmark decreased by 0.8 percentage points from 45.7% in 2017 to 44.9% in 2018. The corresponding figure for the OECD average was a slight increase of 0.1 percentage point from 34.2% to 34.3% over the same period.

This note presents selected findings based on the set of well-being indicators published in How's Life? 2020.

The tax wedge for the average single worker in Denmark remained the same at 35.4 percentage points between 2018 and 2019. The OECD average tax wedge in 2019 was 36.0 (2018, 36.1). In 2019 Denmark had the 23rd lowest tax wedge among the 36 OECD member countries, occupying the same position in 2018.

An overview of the long-term care situation in Denmark is available here.

An overview of the long-term care situation in Sweden is available here.

Though overall medical care is improving, efforts to prevent and better manage chronic diseases such as diabetes and asthma would improve results and lower costs, according to the OECD’s latest edition of Health at a Glance.

Health spending fell across the European Union in 2010, as cash-strapped governments curbed outlays to help cut budgetary deficits, according to Health at a Glance: Europe 2012, a new joint report by the OECD and the European Commission.

The Danish central government and regions are leading international efforts to reform hospital systems, improving quality and safety by gathering specialists into major hospitals and closing smaller ones.

The number of people over 80 will double by 2050 rising from 3.9% of the population to 9.1% in 2050 across OECD countries and from 4.7% to 11.3% across 27 EU members. Estimates are that up to half of them will need help to cope with their daily needs. Yet even today governments are struggling to deliver high-quality care to elderly people with reduced physical and mental abilities, says a new OECD/EC report, A good life in old age? .

"It is estimated that air pollution from diesel-fuelled road transport kills 10 times more people each year in France than those who die in road accidents": OECD Insights Blog's post by Simon Upton, head of the OECD Environment Directorate, founder and Chair of the Round Table on Sustainable Development, and former New Zealand environment minister.

The future of public health: policy decisions today for tomorrow’s populations. Our health, our economy, our society, our future: a Brave New World. Remarks by Yves Leterme, Deputy Secretary-General, OECD. Brussels, Belgium, September 4th 2013.

This document outlines the methodologies and tools currently used to assess the risk of chemicals to children’s health and also identifies possible needs for additional guidance or tools based on the results of an on-line survey conducted in November 2011. The following areas of risk assessment are covered: definitions, hazard and exposure assessment, risk characterisation, cohort studies and combined exposure to multiple chemicals.

The future sustainability of health systems will depend on how well governments are able to anticipate and respond to efficiency and quality of care challenges. Bold action is required, as well as willingness to test innovative care delivery approaches. This book examines the whole new world of possibilities in using mobiles and the Internet to address healthcare challenges.

Earlier detection and better treatment for cancer would cut death rates from the disease by around a third, saving the lives of nearly a million people in the developed world every year, according to a new report by the OECD prepared with the support of the European Commission, building on earlier World Health Organisation research.

The global economic crisis has had a profound impact on people’s well-being, reaching far beyond the loss of jobs and income, and affecting citizens’ satisfaction with their lives and their trust in governments, according to a new OECD report.

This report examines examples of new and emerging governance models to support responsible development of diagnostics and treatments based on the latest advances in biomedicine. It identifies some of the main challenges for policy makers, regulators and other communities involved in the translation of biomedical innovation and health technologies from the lab bench to point of care.

Sweden’s health and elderly care systems deserve their reputation as being among the best in the world. Yet an ageing population with growing chronic conditions and requiring more complex health services are testing Sweden’s ability to continue delivering high-quality care, according to a new OECD report.

More than 35 million people worldwide had dementia in 2010 and this number is expected to exceed 115 million by 2050. This paper reports on the opportunities offered by the informatics revolution and big data to address Alzheimer’s Disease and dementia. This will require careful planning and multi-stakeholder collaboration as technical, administrative, regulatory, infrastructure and financial obstacles emerge.

Air pollution is costing advanced economies plus China and India an estimated USD 3.5 trillion a year in premature deaths and ill health and the costs will rise without government action to limit vehicle emissions, a new OECD report says.

Most people in OECD countries are overweight or obese. The social and economic consequences of this epidemic are dramatic, exposing an increasing number of people to chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer.

Governments need to step up their efforts to improve mental health care which remains poorly resourced and under-prioritised in too many countries, according to a new OECD report.

Elderly individuals with complex, chronic diseases need continuous and tailored care to maintain their health and maximise their ability to participate in society. Japan must change the way it delivers health services for older citizens by strengthening its specialist primary care and making mental health care services more widely available, according to a new OECD report.

Improving labour market participation of people with mental health problems requires well-integrated policies and services across the education, employment, health and social sectors. This paper provides examples of policy initiatives from 10 OECD countries for integrated services.

Health and employment services should intervene earlier, involve key stakeholders and ensure they work together in order to help people with mental-health issues find work and stay in a job, according to a new OECD report.