"Indonesia is well placed to be a strong advocate for open government reforms, and to link such reforms to other multi-lateral reform efforts" - OECD Insights Blog by Luiz De Mello.

The effect of the size and mix of public spending on growth and inequality

This paper provides evidence on the effects of the size and the composition of public spending on long-term growth and inequality.

Women’s representation in parliaments remains a global issue. In 2016, women constituted 23% of parliamentarians over both upper and lower houses combined, with the Pacific, Arab States and Asia having the lowest representation (16.4%, 18.2%, and 19.2% respectively).

Indonesia's fiscal position is generally sound and policy making prudent. However, the country still faces important challenges in terms of economic and social development.

Independent fiscal institutions (IFIs) serve to promote sound fiscal policy and sustainable public finances. This report outlines good practices for their effective design and operation.

This compendium of good practices was prepared by the OECD at the request of the G20 Anti-corruption Working Group (ACWG), to raise awareness of the benefits of the digital transformation in the public sector, including governance, productivity, economic development and social innovation.

The OECD is now developing a new Recommendation on Open Government, which aims to help the countries that will adhere to it design and implement successful open government reforms by identifying a clear, actionable, evidence-based, and common framework for the governance of open government* .

OECD work on the independence of regulators and how to protect them from undue influence. Information includes new data from a survey of 48 regulators across the world.

15 September 2017 - A complaint submitted in 2015 by former workers of Heineken’s subsidiary Bralima in the Democratic Republic of Congo was successfully resolved recently. This article by Roel Nieuwenkamp explains the circumstances and why this agreement is being hailed as historic.

Military Expenditure in Algeria decreased to 9459 USD Million in 2018 from 10073 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Algeria averaged 2838.20 USD Million from 1969 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 10637 USD Million in 2016 and a record low of 217 USD Million in 1972.

Consumer Spending in Algeria increased to 8568300 DZD Million in 2018 from 8034200 DZD Million in 2017. Consumer Spending in Algeria averaged 3714914.43 DZD Million from 1995 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 8568300 DZD Million in 2018 and a record low of 1103081.90 DZD Million in 1995. This page provides - Algeria Consumer Spending - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Spending in Algeria decreased to 527605.30 DZD Million in 2018 from 529164.90 DZD Million in 2017. Government Spending in Algeria averaged 366119.65 DZD Million from 1995 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 712707.40 DZD Million in 2015 and a record low of 85906.60 DZD Million in 1995. Government Spending refers to public expenditure on goods and services and is a major component of the GDP. Government spending policies like setting up budget targets, adjusting taxation, increasing public expenditure and public works are very effective tools in influencing economic growth. This page provides - Algeria Government Spending - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in Gabon decreased to 240 USD Million in 2018 from 267 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Gabon averaged 124.87 USD Million from 1967 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 267 USD Million in 2017 and a record low of 12.60 USD Million in 1968.

Military Expenditure in Afghanistan increased to 204 USD Million in 2018 from 191 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Afghanistan averaged 227.67 USD Million from 2004 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 296 USD Million in 2010 and a record low of 182 USD Million in 2005.

Military Expenditure in Madagascar increased to 72.90 USD Million in 2018 from 66.90 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Madagascar averaged 76.32 USD Million from 1964 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 133 USD Million in 1979 and a record low of 42.80 USD Million in 1964.

Military Expenditure in Namibia decreased to 436 USD Million in 2018 from 458 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Namibia averaged 246.57 USD Million from 1991 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 565 USD Million in 2015 and a record low of 75 USD Million in 1994.

Fiscal Expenditure in Qatar decreased to 192835 QAR Million in 2018 from 203265 QAR Million in 2017. Fiscal Expenditure in Qatar averaged 59512.33 QAR Million from 1974 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 250707 QAR Million in 2014 and a record low of 2464 QAR Million in 1974. Fiscal expenditure refers to the sum of government expenses, including spending on goods and services, investment and transfer payments like social security and unemployment benefits. Fiscal expenditure are part of government budget balance calculation. This page provides - Qatar Fiscal Expenditure- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Spending in Qatar increased to 110645 QAR Million in 2018 from 103350 QAR Million in 2017. Government Spending in Qatar averaged 38478.84 QAR Million from 1974 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 163227 QAR Million in 2013 and a record low of 1942 QAR Million in 1974. Government Spending refers to public expenditure on goods and services and is a major component of the GDP. Government spending policies like setting up budget targets, adjusting taxation, increasing public expenditure and public works are very effective tools in influencing economic growth. This page provides - Qatar Government Spending - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Consumer Spending in Qatar increased to 153620 QAR Million in 2018 from 149491 QAR Million in 2017. Consumer Spending in Qatar averaged 38652.69 QAR Million from 1980 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 153620 QAR Million in 2018 and a record low of 4509 QAR Million in 1980. This page provides - Qatar Consumer Spending - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in Macedonia decreased to 109 USD Million in 2018 from 112 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Macedonia averaged 136.48 USD Million from 1996 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 370 USD Million in 2001 and a record low of 102 USD Million in 1999.

Personal Spending in the United States decreased 7.50 percent in March of 2020 over the previous month. Personal Spending in the United States averaged 0.52 percent from 1959 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 2.80 percent in October of 2001 and a record low of -7.50 percent in March of 2020. Personal consumption expenditures (PCE) is the primary measure of consumer spending on goods and services in the U.S. economy. 1 It accounts for about two-thirds of domestic final spending, and thus it is the primary engine that drives future economic growth. PCE shows how much of the income earned by households is being spent on current consumption as opposed to how much is being saved for future consumption. PCE also provides a comprehensive measure of types of goods and services that are purchased by households. Thus, for example, it shows the portion of spending that is accounted for by discretionary items, such as motor vehicles, or the adjustments that consumers make to changes in prices, such as a sharp run-up in gasoline prices. This page provides the latest reported value for - United States Personal Spending - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Military Expenditure in Botswana decreased to 502 USD Million in 2018 from 522 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Botswana averaged 245.21 USD Million from 1977 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 559 USD Million in 2016 and a record low of 15 USD Million in 1977.

Military Expenditure in Mozambique increased to 129 USD Million in 2018 from 128 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Mozambique averaged 78.71 USD Million from 1980 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 130 USD Million in 2016 and a record low of 37.50 USD Million in 1996.

Consumer Spending in Mozambique increased to 437949.84 MZN Million in 2018 from 422133.24 MZN Million in 2017. Consumer Spending in Mozambique averaged 232087.79 MZN Million from 1991 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 437949.84 MZN Million in 2018 and a record low of 95503.33 MZN Million in 1992. This page provides - Mozambique Consumer Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Spending in Mozambique decreased to 186191.20 MZN Million in 2018 from 197505.30 MZN Million in 2017. Government Spending in Mozambique averaged 104463.18 MZN Million from 2003 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 197505.30 MZN Million in 2017 and a record low of 44589.23 MZN Million in 2003. This page provides - Mozambique Government Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in Ghana increased to 211 USD Million in 2018 from 189 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Ghana averaged 82.49 USD Million from 1958 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 278 USD Million in 2012 and a record low of 9.40 USD Million in 1983.

Military Expenditure in Cameroon decreased to 405 USD Million in 2018 from 408 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Cameroon averaged 244.14 USD Million from 1970 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 408 USD Million in 2017 and a record low of 139 USD Million in 1972.

Military Expenditure in Tunisia decreased to 856 USD Million in 2018 from 859 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Tunisia averaged 316.53 USD Million from 1961 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 925 USD Million in 2016 and a record low of 48 USD Million in 1965.

Government Spending in Tunisia increased to 21735.60 TND Million in 2018 from 20113.80 TND Million in 2017. Government Spending in Tunisia averaged 8198.64 TND Million from 1990 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 21735.60 TND Million in 2018 and a record low of 1769.10 TND Million in 1990. Government Spending refers to public expenditure on goods and services and is a major component of the GDP. Government spending policies like setting up budget targets, adjusting taxation, increasing public expenditure and public works are very effective tools in influencing economic growth. This page provides - Tunisia Government Spending - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Consumer Spending in Tunisia increased to 76118 TND Million in 2018 from 69514.30 TND Million in 2017. Consumer Spending in Tunisia averaged 30095.50 TND Million from 1990 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 76118 TND Million in 2018 and a record low of 6881.10 TND Million in 1990. This page provides - Tunisia Consumer Spending - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in Burkina Faso increased to 291 USD Million in 2018 from 191 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Burkina Faso averaged 65.12 USD Million from 1960 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 291 USD Million in 2018 and a record low of 5 USD Million in 1960.

Government Spending in Burkina Faso increased to 1324.20 XOF Billion in 2018 from 799.40 XOF Billion in 2017. Government Spending in Burkina Faso averaged 586.34 XOF Billion from 1990 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 1324.20 XOF Billion in 2018 and a record low of 286.10 XOF Billion in 1990. Government Spending refers to public expenditure on goods and services and is a major component of the GDP. Government spending policies like setting up budget targets, adjusting taxation, increasing public expenditure and public works are very effective tools in influencing economic growth. This page provides - Burkina Faso Government Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Consumer Spending in Burkina Faso increased to 3256.20 XOF Billion in 2018 from 2922.70 XOF Billion in 2017. Consumer Spending in Burkina Faso averaged 1771.19 XOF Billion from 1990 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 3256.20 XOF Billion in 2018 and a record low of 776.40 XOF Billion in 1994. This page provides - Burkina Faso Consumer Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in Cuba decreased to 123 USD Million in 2017 from 124 USD Million in 2016. Military Expenditure in Cuba averaged 107.81 USD Million from 2005 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 131 USD Million in 2012 and a record low of 86.70 USD Million in 2006.

Fiscal Expenditure in Cuba increased to 65497.50 CUC Millions in 2018 from 63905.70 CUC Millions in 2017. Fiscal Expenditure in Cuba averaged 42934.13 CUC Millions from 2001 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 65497.50 CUC Millions in 2018 and a record low of 15771 CUC Millions in 2001. Fiscal expenditure refers to the sum of government expenses, including spending on goods and services, investment and transfer payments like social security and unemployment benefits. Fiscal expenditure are part of government budget balance calculation. This page provides - Cuba Fiscal Expenditure- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Spending in South Sudan increased to 8381.30 Million SSP in 2016 from 7741.90 Million SSP in 2015. Government Spending in South Sudan averaged 5558.97 Million SSP from 2008 until 2016, reaching an all time high of 8381.30 Million SSP in 2016 and a record low of 4331.50 Million SSP in 2012. Government Spending refers to public expenditure on goods and services and is a major component of the GDP. Government spending policies like setting up budget targets, adjusting taxation, increasing public expenditure and public works are very effective tools in influencing economic growth. This page provides - South Sudan Government Spending - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in South Sudan decreased to 36 USD Million in 2018 from 72 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in South Sudan averaged 519 USD Million from 2006 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 866 USD Million in 2011 and a record low of 36 USD Million in 2018.

Military Expenditure in Uganda increased to 406 USD Million in 2018 from 347 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Uganda averaged 226.03 USD Million from 1962 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 612 USD Million in 2010 and a record low of 11 USD Million in 1962.

Consumer Spending in Uganda increased to 81538.20 UGX Billion in 2018 from 78291.40 UGX Billion in 2017. Consumer Spending in Uganda averaged 66473.86 UGX Billion from 2008 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 81538.20 UGX Billion in 2018 and a record low of 52477.20 UGX Billion in 2008. This page provides - Uganda Consumer Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Spending in Uganda decreased to 9660.10 UGX billion in 2018 from 9698.80 UGX billion in 2017. Government Spending in Uganda averaged 7628.37 UGX billion from 2008 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 9698.80 UGX billion in 2017 and a record low of 5059.20 UGX billion in 2008. This page provides - Uganda Government Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in Iran decreased to 12612 USD Million in 2018 from 13931 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Iran averaged 7435.07 USD Million from 1960 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 17581 USD Million in 1976 and a record low of 540 USD Million in 1960.

Government Spending in Iran increased to 256990 RR Billion in the second quarter of 2018 from 149000 RR Billion in the first quarter of 2018. Government Spending in Iran averaged 36830.08 RR Billion from 1988 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 256990 RR Billion in the second quarter of 2018 and a record low of 7002.11 RR Billion in the second quarter of 1989. This page provides - Iran Government Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Consumer Spending in Iran increased to 706000 IRR Billion in the second quarter of 2018 from 704000 IRR Billion in the first quarter of 2018. Consumer Spending in Iran averaged 149322.87 IRR Billion from 1988 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 709000 IRR Billion in the second quarter of 2017 and a record low of 24472.17 IRR Billion in the second quarter of 1989. This page provides - Iran Consumer Spending - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Military Expenditure in Mongolia increased to 90 USD Million in 2018 from 83 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Mongolia averaged 58.90 USD Million from 1990 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 121.80 USD Million in 1990 and a record low of 30.20 USD Million in 1994.

Military Expenditure in Georgia increased to 312 USD Million in 2018 from 308 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Georgia averaged 292.55 USD Million from 1996 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 927 USD Million in 2007 and a record low of 33.70 USD Million in 2000.

Military Expenditure in Bolivia increased to 598 USD Million in 2018 from 574 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Bolivia averaged 455.91 USD Million from 1953 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 750 USD Million in 1998 and a record low of 45.40 USD Million in 1956.

Military Expenditure in Cambodia increased to 525 USD Million in 2018 from 464 USD Million in 2017. Military Expenditure in Cambodia averaged 172.90 USD Million from 1986 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 525 USD Million in 2018 and a record low of 1.80 USD Million in 1987.

Consumer Spending in Cambodia increased to 39289.50 KHR Million in 2018 from 37562.20 KHR Million in 2017. Consumer Spending in Cambodia averaged 23034.44 KHR Million from 1998 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 39289.50 KHR Million in 2018 and a record low of 10908 KHR Million in 1998. This page provides - Cambodia Consumer Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Spending in Cambodia increased to 3393.90 KHR Million in 2018 from 3185.70 KHR Million in 2017. Government Spending in Cambodia averaged 1737.72 KHR Million from 1998 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 3393.90 KHR Million in 2018 and a record low of 561.70 KHR Million in 1998. This page provides - Cambodia Government Spending- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.