With schools closed because of the coronavirus, state schools Supt. Tony Thurmond told students and parents not to expect graduation ceremonies, even though the graduation itself should happen on schedule.

This week California's top education official said what many had anticipated: Don't expect traditional high school graduation ceremonies for the class of 2020.

The LeBron James Family Foundation announced Wednesday that it will pay tribute to the class of 2020 with a star-studded, multimedia event May 16.

Who says graduation can't happen online? Liam Payne, Oprah Winfrey and more stars are going to give the Class of 2020 a virtual send-off.

Ariela and Verania Andrade are graduating near the top of their class at Ben Davis High School. They're also preparing to serve their country.

The Center for the Performing Arts in Carmel invites the class of 2020 from across Central Indiana to a prom this August.

Plans are underway for Speedway High School seniors to celebrate their graduation at IMS on May 30.

Sidewalk splash pools have long been a summertime staple, particularly for families with young kids. But the virus pandemic has boosted their appeal.

Hear about travel to Extremadura in Spain as the Amateur Traveler talks to Sam from indefiniteadventure.com about living and working there. Extremadura is a lesser known region in southwest Spain on the border with Portugal and adjacent to Andalusia, Madrid and Castilla. Sam lived in the city of Medira for 3 months teaching English.

Hear about travel to Mantua, Verona, Padua Italy as the Amateur Traveler talks to Gina Mussio from ginamussio.com about these wonderful cities in her adopted country.

The leak exposed millions of records with full names, emails, user conversations, payment logs, and IP addresses dating back to March.

Brenna Cholerton
Nov 1, 2016; 29:210-219
From Research to Practice

Ruban Dhaliwal
Feb 1, 2014; 27:9-20
Research to Practice

Katherine S. O’Neal
Nov 1, 2016; 29:249-252
Pharmacy and Therapeutics

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) They know it's addictive. They know it's linked to dangerous lung diseases. And they know it delivers more nicotine than the cigarettes it's supposed to replace. But the social aspects of vaping drives young people to use Juul and other e-cigarettes, according to nearly two-thirds of teens and young adults in a new study. Less than 5% say the availability of fruity flavors drives use of e-cigarettes by members of their generation, and only 10% say addiction does.

(Cleveland Clinic) A new Cleveland Clinic study demonstrates the importance of genetics evaluation and genetic testing for children, adolescents and young adults with solid tumor cancers. The study was published today in Nature Communications.

As part of the College's move to remote learning, 143 first-year students are taking a series of virtual field courses to investigate biodiversity.

Robert Mayberry
Jul 1, 2010; 23:171-176
Feature Articles

Ruban Dhaliwal
Feb 1, 2014; 27:9-20
Research to Practice

Emmy Suhl
Oct 1, 2006; 19:234-240
Articles

Anne Jörns
Apr 1, 2020; 69:624-633
Islet Studies

Gunnar Stenström
Dec 1, 2005; 54:S68-S72
Section II: Type 1-Related Forms of Diabetes

This special issue focuses on Older Adults with Diabetes and Covid-19.

Recorded April 20, 2020.

This podcast will cover:

1. Risk of COVID-19 in Older Adults
2. What are the recommendations for glucose control during the pandemic
3. Telemedicine
4. Challenges to home care
5. Long-term care settings

Intended for practicing physicians and health care professionals, Diabetes Core Update discusses how the latest research and information published in journals of the American Diabetes Association are relevant to clinical practice and can be applied in a treatment setting.

Presented by:

Irl Hirsch, MD
University of Washington
 
Elbert Huang, MD, MPH, FACP
University of Chicago
 
Stacie Levine, MD
University of Chicago

A sufficient β-cell mass is crucial for preventing diabetes, and perinatal β-cell proliferation is important in determining the adult β-cell mass. However, it is not yet known how perinatal β-cell proliferation is regulated. Here, we report that serotonin regulates β-cell proliferation through serotonin receptor 2B (HTR2B) in an autocrine/paracrine manner during the perinatal period. In β-cell–specific Tph1 knockout (Tph1 βKO) mice, perinatal β-cell proliferation was reduced along with the loss of serotonin production in β-cells. Adult Tph1 βKO mice exhibited glucose intolerance with decreased β-cell mass. Disruption of Htr2b in β-cells also resulted in decreased perinatal β-cell proliferation and glucose intolerance in adulthood. Growth hormone (GH) was found to induce serotonin production in β-cells through activation of STAT5 during the perinatal period. Thus, our results indicate that GH-GH receptor-STAT5-serotonin-HTR2B signaling plays a critical role in determining the β-cell mass by regulating perinatal β-cell proliferation, and defects in this pathway affect metabolic phenotypes in adults.

Approximately 10% of patients with type 2 diabetes suffer from latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). This study provides a systematic assessment of the pathology of the endocrine pancreas of patients with LADA and for comparison in a first rat model mimicking the characteristics of patients with LADA. Islets in human and rat pancreases were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for immune cell infiltrate composition, by in situ RT-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR of laser microdissected islets for gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, the proliferation marker proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL) 10, and the apoptosis markers caspase 3 and TUNEL as well as insulin. Human and rat LADA pancreases showed differences in areas of the pancreas with respect to immune cell infiltration and a changed ratio between the number of macrophages and CD8 T cells toward macrophages in the islet infiltrate. Gene expression analyses revealed a changed ratio due to an increase of IL-1β and a decrease of tumor necrosis factor-α. IL-10, PCNA, and insulin expression were increased in the LADA situation, whereas caspase 3 gene expression was reduced. The analyses into the underlying pathology in human as well as rat LADA pancreases provided identical results, allowing the conclusion that LADA is a milder form of autoimmune diabetes in patients of an advanced age.

The ability to switch fuels for oxidation in response to changes in macronutrient composition of diet (metabolic flexibility) may be informative of individuals’ susceptibility to weight gain. Seventy-nine healthy, weight-stable participants underwent 24-h assessments of energy expenditure and respiratory quotient (RQ) in a whole-room calorimeter during energy balance (EBL) (50% carbohydrate, 30% fat) and then during 24-h fasting and three 200% overfeeding diets in a crossover design. Metabolic flexibility was defined as the change in 24-h RQ from EBL during fasting and standard overfeeding (STOF) (50% carbohydrate, 30% fat), high-fat overfeeding (HFOF) (60% fat, 20% carbohydrate), and high-carbohydrate overfeeding (HCOF) (75% carbohydrate, 5% fat) diets. Free-living weight change was assessed after 6 and 12 months. Compared with EBL, RQ decreased on average by 9% during fasting and by 4% during HFOF but increased by 4% during STOF and by 8% during HCOF. A smaller decrease in RQ, reflecting a smaller increase in lipid oxidation rate, during HFOF but not during the other diets predicted greater weight gain at both 6 and 12 months. An impaired metabolic flexibility to acute HFOF can identify individuals prone to weight gain, indicating that an individual’s capacity to oxidize dietary fat is a metabolic determinant of weight change.

Masayuki Saito
Jul 1, 2009; 58:1526-1531
Metabolism

High school graduation is a landmark event for students. It also plays an important role in the state accountability systems designed to ensure that schools provide all students a high-quality education. Yet relying on a school's four-year graduation rate for federal accountability purposes can have unintended consequences for English Learners, who may need extra time to graduate.

As federal and state governments ramp up efforts to implement the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act, these fact sheets compare key characteristics of the foreign born and the U.S. born that are relevant to understanding needs for adult education and workforce training services. The fact sheets cover the United States, the 20 states and 25 counties with the largest immigrant populations, and New York City.

A high school diploma has been a core requirement of proposed DREAM Act legislation and the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program. Yet a fresh estimate of the number of unauthorized immigrants graduating annually from U.S. high schools has long been missing from the debate. This fact sheet provides up-to-date estimates for the United States and top 15 states, estimating 98,000 such students graduate yearly.

OBJECTIVE

To describe sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes who endorsed suicidal ideations as part of routine depression screening and the results of their suicide risk assessments.

Francine Ratner Kaufman
Oct 1, 2002; 20:
President's Pen

OBJECTIVE

Diabetes in older age is heterogeneous, and the treatment approach varies by patient characteristics. We characterized the short-term all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk associated with hyperglycemia in older age.

OBJECTIVE

To compare trends in Medicaid expenditures among adults with diabetes who were newly eligible due to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansion to trends among those previously eligible.

OBJECTIVE

In children with type 1 diabetes (T1D), severe hypoglycemia (SH) is associated with poorer cognition, but the association of SH with cognitive function in late life is unknown. Given the increasing life expectancy in people with T1D, understanding the role of SH in brain health is crucial.

OBJECTIVE

Excessive iron intake has been linked to diabetes risk. However, the evidence is inconsistent. This study examined the association between dietary heme and nonheme iron intake and diabetes risk in the Chinese population.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to understand the longitudinal relationship between financial, psychosocial, and neighborhood social determinants and glycemic control (HbA_1c) in older adults with diabetes.

OBJECTIVE

Self-management education and support are essential for improved diabetes control. A 1-year randomized telephonic diabetes self-management intervention (Bronx A1C) among a predominantly Latino and African American population in New York City was found effective in improving blood glucose control. To further those findings, this current study assessed the intervention’s impact in reducing health care utilization and costs over 4 years.

Lalantha Leelarathna
Jul 1, 2014; 37:1931-1937
Emerging Technologies and Therapeutics

Anastassios G. Pittas
Dec 1, 2005; 28:2939-2941
BR Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition

Caroline S. Fox
Sep 1, 2015; 38:1777-1803
Scientific Statement

Earl S. Ford
May 1, 2005; 28:1228-1230
BR Metabolic Syndrome/Insulin Resistance Syndrome/Pre-Diabetes

Christian Bommer
May 1, 2018; 41:963-970
The Costs Of Diabetes