Reports of hate crime in Scotland have increased and research indicates that the trauma experienced by victims of hate crime can be more enduring and harmful than non-hate related offending and that it has detrimental effects on communities as well as individuals. There is a clear role for criminal justice social work in this area in working with perpetrators.

Rania Hamad, City of Edinburgh Council spoke to us about her research on the topic. It aims to:

• define 'hate crime' and highlight the complexities around definitions
• provide an understanding of the scope and nature of hate crime in Scotland and Edinburgh
• explore the causes of hate crime, including individual and wider structural causation
• outline the 'characteristics' of hate crime perpetrators including a discussion around risk assessment
• explore what can be learned from hate crime interventions
• explore 'best practice' for practitioners in this area of work
• highlight gaps in current knowledgeRead: Hate crime: causes, motivations and effective interventions for criminal justice social work.

Transcript of episode

Music Credit: Something Elated by Broke For Free

Tricia S. Tang
May 1, 2011; 24:85-98
From Research to Practice/Behavioral Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management

Invitation Only Research Event

Event participants

Chair: Elizabeth Wilmshurst, Distinguished Fellow, International Law Programme, Chatham House

Barbara H. Braffett
May 1, 2020; 69:1000-1010
Complications

Ian H. de Boer
Jan 1, 2014; 37:24-30
DCCT/EDIC 30th Anniversary Summary Findings

Richard R Rubin
Nov 1, 1992; 15:1640-1657
Behavioral Diabetes Series

John M. Lachin
Jan 1, 2014; 37:39-43
DCCT/EDIC 30th Anniversary Summary Findings

Catherine L. Martin
Jan 1, 2014; 37:31-38
DCCT/EDIC 30th Anniversary Summary Findings

Alison J. Dunkley
Apr 1, 2014; 37:922-933
Current Concepts of Type 2 Diabetes Prevention

David M. Nathan
Jan 1, 2014; 37:9-16
DCCT/EDIC 30th Anniversary Summary Findings

Jennifer M. Yamamoto
Jul 1, 2018; 41:1346-1361
Reconsidering Pregnancy With Diabetes

David M. Nathan
Jan 1, 2014; 37:9-16
DCCT/EDIC 30th Anniversary Summary Findings

Pantelis Samartsidis, Shaun R. Seaman, Anne M. Presanis, Matthew Hickman, Daniela De Angelis.

Source: Statistical Science, Volume 34, Number 3, 486--503.

Abstract:
Researchers are often challenged with assessing the impact of an intervention on an outcome of interest in situations where the intervention is nonrandomised, the intervention is only applied to one or few units, the intervention is binary, and outcome measurements are available at multiple time points. In this paper, we review existing methods for causal inference in these situations. We detail the assumptions underlying each method, emphasize connections between the different approaches and provide guidelines regarding their practical implementation. Several open problems are identified thus highlighting the need for future research.

There are a number of effective interventions designed to prevent childhood/adolescent depression. Such interventions tend to comprise screening and the subsequent provision of psychological therapy. However, the cost-effectiveness of routinely providing such interventions at a population level is not known.

By using economic modeling techniques, this study shows that the population cost-effectiveness of such preventive interventions for childhood/adolescent depression is very favorable, although implementation issues, particularly around the acceptability to providers, need to be addressed before widespread adoption. (Read the full article)

Pain during routine infant immunization causes parental anxiety. Oral sucrose solutions are effective pain-reduction strategies. Few studies have measured a combined strategy of a physical intervention along with sucrose to decrease the infant’s pain response.

We demonstrate that a physical, nonpharmacological intervention called the 5 S’s (swaddling, side/stomach position, shushing, swinging, and sucking) provides significant pain reduction with or without sucrose during routine 2- and 4-month vaccinations. (Read the full article)

School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS) is a widely used universal prevention strategy currently implemented in >16 000 schools across the United States. Previous research has shown positive effects on school climate and school-level discipline problems.

This study reports multilevel results on data from a 4-year randomized controlled effectiveness trial of SWPBIS in 37 elementary schools. Results indicate significant impacts on children’s aggressive behavior problems, concentration problems, office discipline referrals, emotion regulation, and prosocial behavior. (Read the full article)

Drug use in pediatrics is often based on adult efficacy data. Clinically significant discrepancies between adults and children may exist. To our knowledge, there is no large-scale evaluation of evidence comparing rates of adverse events between adults and children.

Available evidence on the comparative safety of pharmacologic interventions in adults versus children is inconclusive. In a third of meta-analyses, twofold or greater differences were identified between adults and children, and some clinically important discrepancies were also found. (Read the full article)

One in 4 children with cerebral palsy (CP) have a behavioral disorder. Parenting interventions are an efficacious approach to treating behavioral disorders. There is a paucity of research on parenting interventions with families of children with CP.

This is the first study to demonstrate the efficacy of a parenting intervention in targeting behavioral problems in children with CP. Further, results suggest that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy delivers additive benefits above and beyond established parenting interventions. (Read the full article)

War-affected youth often suffer from multiple co-occurring mental health problems. The relationship of these conditions to later mental health has yet to be thoroughly investigated. There is a need to explore potential targets for mental health interventions.

After controlling for preexisting conditions and contemporary confounders, internalizing (depression and anxiety) remained the major predictor of future mental health symptoms (internalizing symptoms, prosocial attitudes/behaviors, and posttraumatic stress symptoms). Interventions targeting internalizing in war-affected youth hold promise. (Read the full article)

Intervention strategies are needed to reduce underage drinking. Meta-analyses of youth alcohol brief interventions (BIs) conclude that therapist-delivered BIs are efficacious; however, to maximize public health impact, recommendations include using technology to streamline intervention delivery, for which evidence is lacking.

A single-session BI, delivered by a computer or therapist in the emergency department, shows promise for underage drinkers. Findings for the stand-alone computer BI are particularly appealing given the ease of future implementation. (Read the full article)

Cesar Gomes Victora
Mar 1, 2010; 125:e473-e480
ARTICLES

The FCA has published its interim report in relation to its market study into how general insurance firms charge their customers for home and motor insurance (Interim Report). The FCA has provisionally found that the market is not working well for ...

Family physician researchers continue to provide assistance to improve family medicine care. Commentaries on social determinants of health lead off this issue. Next, we have several papers on successful interventions by clinicians and/or patients to improve diabetes control, and then other provide information on other practice interventions that make a difference in overall care. Drug advertising continues to mislead. There is costly and nonproductive overuse of specific types of care. Herein is also a Scoping Review of possible indices for determining timely initiation of advance care planning. The issue’s clinical reviews on use of transgender care, cervical myelopathy, and inhaled steroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are pertinent, thorough, and timely.

The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study demonstrated that intensive glucose control reduced the risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN). We evaluated multiple risk factors and phenotypes associated with DPN and CAN in this large, well-characterized cohort of participants with type 1 diabetes, followed for >23 years. DPN was defined by symptoms, signs, and nerve conduction study abnormalities in ≥2 nerves; CAN was assessed using standardized cardiovascular reflex tests. Generalized estimating equation models assessed the association of DPN and CAN with individual risk factors measured repeatedly. During DCCT/EDIC, 33% of participants developed DPN and 44% CAN. Higher mean HbA_1c was the most significant risk factor for DPN, followed by older age, longer duration, greater height, macroalbuminuria, higher mean pulse rate, β-blocker use, and sustained albuminuria. The most significant risk factor for CAN was older age, followed by higher mean HbA_1c, sustained albuminuria, longer duration of type 1 diabetes, higher mean pulse rate, higher mean systolic blood pressure, β-blocker use, estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m², higher most recent pulse rate, and cigarette smoking. These findings identify risk factors and phenotypes of participants with diabetic neuropathy that can be used in the design of new interventional trials and for personalized approaches to neuropathy prevention.

BackgroundA brief intervention whereby GPs opportunistically facilitate an NHS-funded referral to a weight loss programme is clinically and cost-effective.AimTo test the acceptability of a brief intervention and attendance at a weight loss programme when GPs facilitate a referral that requires patients to pay for the service.Design and settingAn observational study of the effect of a GP encouraging attendance at a weight loss programme requiring self-payment in the West Midlands from 16 October 2018 to 30 November 2018, to compare with a previous trial in England in which the service was NHS-funded.MethodSixty patients with obesity who consecutively attended primary care appointments received an opportunistic brief intervention by a GP to endorse and offer a referral to a weight loss programme at the patient’s own expense. Participants were randomised to GPs who either stated the weekly monetary cost of the programme (basic cost) or who compared the weekly cost to an everyday discretionary item (cost comparison). Participants were subsequently asked to report whether they had attended a weight loss programme.ResultsOverall, 47% of participants (n = 28) accepted the referral; 50% (n = 15) in the basic cost group and 43% (n = 13) in the cost comparison group. This was significantly less than in a previous study when the programme was NHS-funded (77%, n = 722/940; P<0.0001). Most participants reported the intervention to be helpful/very helpful and appropriate/very appropriate (78%, n = 46/59 and 85%, n = 50/59, respectively) but scores were significantly lower than when the programme was NHS-funded (92% n = 851/922 and 88% n = 813/922, respectively; P = 0.004). One person (2%) attended the weight loss programme, which is significantly lower than the 40% of participants who attended when the programme was NHS-funded (P<0.0001).ConclusionGP referral to a weight loss programme that requires patients to pay rather than offering an NHS-funded programme is acceptable; however, it results in almost no attendance.

"Although there is still much work to be done, the United States has made significant strides in developing effective community responses to intimate partner violence that has stolen far too many promising futures – and shattered far too many lives," said Deputy Attorney General Cole.

Domenico Lombardi and Sarah Puritz Milsom explore the role of the International Monetary Fund in the eurozone crisis and review the policy options that the international community must consider to strategically and effectively address the current situation.

Different zones are delineated with simple, sculptural structures in this minimalist apartment.

Pop-up gardens, urban farms, guerrilla bike lanes, examples of crowdsourced city planning, and other urban interventions will be the focus of the official U.S. Pavilion at the world's most prestigious architecture event.

Ending HIV pandemic will require optimizing treatment and prevention tools, reports a new study. Optimal implementation of existing HIV prevention and

Governments everywhere are increasingly interested in assessing the effects of their policies and the effectiveness of public institutions. Competition policy is no exception. Competition agencies affect the economy by taking decisions on cases under competition law. With their governments, they can influence market competition in the economy more widely through policy interventions.

This collection compiles the contributions of senior policy experts, academics, and economic practitioners on developments in the financial integration and financial regulation of cross-border capital flows since the 2008 global financial crisis at the OECD High-Level Seminar “Open and Orderly Capital Movements” held in October 2016.

This collection compiles the contributions of senior policy experts, academics, and economic practitioners on developments in the financial integration and financial regulation of cross-border capital flows since the 2008 global financial crisis at the OECD High-Level Seminar “Open and Orderly Capital Movements” held in October 2016.

A number of development organisations are working to diagnose deafblindess in children, and provide learning tools and techniques that can mainstream them. Freny Manecksha reports.

Singapore : Springer, 2019.

Singapore : Springer, 2019.

Cham : Springer, 2020.

[S.l.] : PALGRAVE PIVOT, 2020.

Cham : Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.

Hayden Library - GV1469.34.S52 R84 2018

Hayden Library - BF311.G28 2017

Online Resource