Interview with Hooman Kamel, MD, author of Perioperative Atrial Fibrillation and the Long-term Risk of Ischemic Stroke

Interview with Harsha Thirumurthy, PhD, author of Effect of Providing Conditional Economic Compensation on Uptake of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Kenya: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Allison W. Kurian, MD, MSc, author of Use of and Mortality After Bilateral Mastectomy Compared With Other Surgical Treatments for Breast Cancer in California, 1998-2011

Interview with Marc Carrier, MD, MSc, author of Clinical and Safety Outcomes Associated With Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Interview with Miriam Kuppermann, PhD, MPH, author of Effect of Enhanced Information, Values Clarification, and Removal of Financial Barriers on Use of Prenatal Genetic Testing

Interview with Kim L. Bennell, PhD, author of Acupuncture for Chronic Knee Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Shelley S. Magill, MD, PhD, author of Prevalence of Antimicrobial Use in US Acute Care Hospitals, May-September 2011

Interview with Michelle M. Mello, JD, PhD, MPhil, author of The Medical Liability Climate and Prospects for Reform

Interview with Joseph B. Muhlestein, MD, author of Effect of Screening for Coronary Artery Disease Using CT Angiography on Mortality and Cardiac Events in High-Risk Patients With Diabetes

Dr Aiah A. Gbakima, editor in chief of the Sierra Leone Journal of Biomedical Research, talks about confronting the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone (originally posted on 10-2-2014).

Interview with David M. Nathan, MD, author of Association Between 7 Years of Intensive Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes and Long-term Mortality

Interview with David E. Arterburn, MD, MPH and Matthew L. Maciejewski, PhD, authors of Association Between Bariatric Surgery and Long-term Survival

Interview with Steven A. Narod, MD, FRCPC, author of Differences in Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis and Cancer-Specific Survival by Race and Ethnicity in the United States

Interview with Karl Y. Bilimoria, MD, MS, author of Underlying Reasons Associated With Hospital Readmission Following Surgery in the United States

Interview with Antoni Torres, MD, PhD, author of Effect of Corticosteroids on Treatment Failure Among Hospitalized Patients With Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia and High Inflammatory Response: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with William E. Evans, PharmD, author of Association of an Inherited Genetic Variant With Vincristine-Related Peripheral Neuropathy in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Interview with Joann G. Elmore, MD, MPH, author of Diagnostic Concordance Among Pathologists Interpreting Breast Biopsy Specimens

Interview with Justin B. Dimick, MD, MPH, author of Hospital Credentialing and Privileging of Surgeons: A Potential Safety Blind Spot

Interview with Anny H. Xiang, PhD, author of Association of Maternal Diabetes With Autism in Offspring

Interview with Ezio Bonifacio, PhD, author of Effects of High-Dose Oral Insulin on Immune Responses in Children at High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes: The Pre-POINT Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Gail D'Onofrio, MD, MS, author of Emergency Department-Initiated Buprenorphine/Naloxone Treatment for Opioid Dependence: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Harley Goldberg, DO, author of Oral Steroids for Acute Radiculopathy Due to a Herniated Lumbar Disk: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Carolina Malta Hansen, MD, author of Association of Bystander and First-Responder Intervention With Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in North Carolina, 2010-2013

Edward H. Livingston, MD discusses atrial fibrillation with Eric N. Prystowsky, MD, author of Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. This review article reports that therapy for atrial fibrillation should include rate control for all patients, but maintenance of sinus rhythm with drugs or catheter ablation should be considered on an individual patient basis. Also on the program is a conversation about new technologies to facilitate screening for atrial fibrillation with Leslie Saxon, MD.

Interview with Rachel E. Patzer, PhD, MPH, author of Variation in Dialysis Facility Referral for Kidney Transplantation Among Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease in Georgia. This population epidemiology study uses United States Renal Data System data to characterize dialysis facility–level referral for kidney transplant evaluation in Georgia, the US state with the lowest transplantation rates, and patient and facility factors associated with referral and waitlisting.

Interview with Bridget A. Fernandez, MD, author of Molecular Diagnostic Yield of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis and Whole-Exome Sequencing in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Interview with Andy Menke, PhD, author of Prevalence of and Trends in Diabetes Among Adults in the United States, 1988-2012

Interview with Timothy Fendler, MD, MS, author of Alignment of Do-Not-Resuscitate Status With Patients’ Likelihood of Favorable Neurological Survival After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Interview with Carlos G. Grijalva, MD, MPH, author of Association Between Hospitalization With Community-Acquired Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Pneumonia and Prior Receipt of Influenza Vaccination

Interview with David A. Asch, MD and Kevin G. Volpp, MD, PhD, authors of Effect of Financial Incentives to Physicians, Patients, or Both on Lipid Levels: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Lee M. Jampol, MD, author of Panretinal Photocoagulation vs Intravitreous Ranibizumab for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Ingrid M. Libman, MD, PhD, author of Effect of Metformin Added to Insulin on Glycemic Control Among Overweight/Obese Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

Interview with Roger Stupp, MD, author of Maintenance Therapy With Tumor-Treating Fields Plus Temozolomide vs Temozolomide Alone for Glioblastoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Constipation is one of the most frequent problems clinicians are asked to deal with. Despite how common it is, constipation is frequently not treated adequately. In this podcast, Arnold Wald, MD, explains a stepwise approach to the management of constipation ranging from very simple measures to the most novel and complicated new medical therapies.

Community acquired pneumonia accounts for 600,000 hospital admissions a year. Many patients with this disease are quite ill and have a very high mortality. To save lives, the appropriate antibiotics should be given in a timely basis, but it is not clear what the best antibiotics are and how long they should be given. In this podcast we interview the author of a JAMA review on community acquired pneumonia, Dr Jonathan Lee, author of Antibiotic Therapy for Adults Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia, who performed a systematic review of the literature to determine the best way to treat community acquired pneumonia.

Polypharmacy is a rapidly worsening problem that hits elderly patients particularly hard.  As patients grow older, they need more medications but at the same time become less capable of managing the complexity of drug treatments.  In order to simplify treatment regimens for older patients, it is necessary to consider the evidence supporting treatment of various conditions and when the evidence is not particularly strong, reduce or eliminate medications accordingly.  Diabetes management in the elderly is highlighted in this podcast with specific attention given to deintensifying diabetes treatment in the elderly.

Articles discussed in this episode:

• Polypharmacy in the Aging Patient: Glycemic Control in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Review (Kasia J. Lipska, MD, MHS)
• Evaluation and Treatment of Older Patients With Hypercholesterolemia: A Clinical Review (Timo E. Strandberg, MD, PhD)
• Trends in Prescription Drug Use Among Adults in the United States From 1999-2012 (Elizabeth D. Kantor, PhD, MPH)

Interview with Wendy C. King, PhD, author of Change in Pain and Physical Function Following Bariatric Surgery for Severe Obesity

Interview with Raj Chetty, PhD, author of The Association Between Income and Life Expectancy in the United States, 2001-2014, and Angus Deaton, PhD, author of On Death and Money: History, Facts, and Explanations

Mononucleosis is a common disease of young adults manifested by lethargy, fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. In this podcast, we review the clinical features of the disease and how good each of them is at establishing a diagnosis of mononucleosis. We also review how Epstein Barr virus was discovered as the cause of mononucleosis and talk to Mark H. Ebell, MD, MS, author of Does This Patient Have Infectious Mononucleosis? The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.

Articles discussed in this episode:

• Does This Patient Have Infectious Mononucleosis? The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review (2016)
• Acute Lymphatic Leukemia and Infectious Mononucleosis (1931)
• Infectious Mononucleosis: Part I. Clinical Aspects (1935) 
• Infectious Mononucleosis: Clinical Manifestations in Relation to EB Virus Antibodies (1968)

Interview with Douglas B. White, MD, MAS, author of Prevalence of and Factors Related to Discordance About Prognosis Between Physicians and Surrogate Decision Makers of Critically Ill Patients

Interview with Gillian L. Booth, MD, author of Association of Neighborhood Walkability With Change in Overweight, Obesity, and Diabetes

Howard Bauchner, MD, Editor in Chief of JAMA, interviews Simon Chapman, MD, author of Association Between Gun Law Reforms and Intentional Firearm Deaths in Australia, 1979-2013

Persistent diarrhea is a poorly recognized syndrome in all populations that requires proper assessment and diagnosis to ensure that affected individuals receive the treatment needed to experience improvement of clinical symptoms. Listen to Drs Herbert DuPont and Annie Feagins discuss how to diagnose and treat diarrhea. Related article: Persistent Diarrhea

Interview with Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD, author of Attitudes and Practices of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the United States, Canada, and Europe

In this episode of JAMA Professionalism: Best Practice, Edward H. Livingston, MD looks at the case of a physician requesting prescription medication from a colleague to examine professional boundaries between physicians and options for managing those boundaries. Shiphra Ginsburg, MD and Wendy Levinson, MD, authors of the related article, join Dr Livingston to discuss the best options for handling this challenging situation. Arthur S. Hengerer, MD, chair of the Federation of State Medical Boards discusses the legal and licensure ramifications of physicians prescribing for other clinicians and Kate E. Engelhardt, MD, and D. Brock Hewitt, MD, MPH, practicing physicians, relate their experience with other clinicians asking them to prescribe medications.

Interview with Julie Rani Nangia, BA, MD, author of Effect of a Scalp Cooling Device on Alopecia in Women Undergoing Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: The SCALP Randomized Clinical Trial, and Hope S. Rugo, MD, author of Association Between Use of a Scalp Cooling Device and Alopecia After Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer

Interview with Alex H Krist, MD, MPH, Task Force member and co-author of Screening for Celiac Disease: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Maureen G. Phipps, MD, MPH, Task Force member and co-author of Screening for Preeclampsia: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Timothy E. McAlindon, MD,MPH, author of Effect of Intra-articular Triamcinolone vs Saline on Knee Cartilage Volume and Pain in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Michael J. Barry, MD, Task Force member and co-author of Screening for Ovarian Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement