OBJECTIVES:

To summarize baseline data and lessons learned from the Autism Learning Health Network, designed to improve care and outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We describe challenging behaviors, co-occurring medical conditions, quality of life (QoL), receipt of recommended health services, and next steps.

OBJECTIVES:

To determine if a multicomponent intervention was associated with increased use of first-line antibiotics (cephalexin or sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) among children with uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in outpatient settings.

On 1 July 350 teens and leaders poured into the University of Queensland, Australia, for five days of fun and discipleship.

A team of dentists and volunteers recently visited an orphanage in the Odessa province to fix 75 young smiles.

In the weeks around Easter, the OM team in Vinnitsa reached out with a gospel puppet show to more than 1,500 people.

GUS MACKAY was full of good intentions when he agreed to become Cricket Scotland’s new chief executive last October.

27,593 passengers departed from and landed at Berlin's airports Schönefeld and Tegel in April. That is just 1 per cent of air traffic in comparison to April 2019. 22,079 passengers flew from Tegel, and 5,541 from Schönefeld.

Dear Editor,I am beyond concerned that it has taken now for the minister of health to become alarmed that only 35 of 185 nursing homes in Jamaica are registered.

Dear Editor,The United States' debt is some US$25 trillion. This debt grew by US$1 trillion in 35 days (April 1 to May 5). The US will likely not be able to permanently stop quantitative easing (money creation). This level of debt is similar to the US debt after World War II, but the US is no longer the factory of the world.

Dear Editor,The COVID-19 pandemic has taken us all by surprise. There are currently approaching the 500 mark for number of COVID-19 cases in Jamaica. Due to the outbreak of this virus there has been a reduction in job availability as companies have closed to combat the virus and promote social distancing.Many believe that it has made life harder, but, newsflash, it has not rendered us useless.

The OM Costa Rica team is starting a holistic ministry for women in the underprivileged community of Las Tablas in the country's capital San José.

AROUND five people a day are being seen at Covid hubs across Scotland as demand for the service declines.

OM first looked to other organisations to provide practical aid but now couples relief and development with its core vision.

A young American dressed for the hills wandered past our cottage last week with the air of someone lost. Alan who, since we moved here, has found his calling as a human Google map, asked if she was looking for something. “Yeah,” she said, “a Diet Coke.” He told her that, despite our community’s many attractions, a shop wasn’t one of them. Pointing her in the other direction, towards a village two miles away, he said she’d find what she needed there.

OM MTI shares the love of Jesus and empowers children and families in Cambodia through English classes that prepare students for future employment.

OMEGA Diagnostics shares jumped 77 per cent after it announced it is part of the UK rapid test consortium working to jointly develop and manufacture an antibody test.

A BIOTECH veteran has hailed a Glasgow firm that claims to have discovered two separate potential treatments for Covid-19 patients for use before they are put on ventilators.

To say that amateur golf in Scotland has been slow to adapt to change is putting it kindly. But where the rise of the nomads, the Equality Act, the credit crunch and repeated faltering reform efforts have failed, perhaps Covid-19 will finally be the shock that thrusts the sector into a meaningful if seriously belated overhaul.

“It's not the end; it's not even the beginning of the end; but it is perhaps the end of the beginning”. Churchill's famous wartime speech after the battle of El Alamein in November 1942 was an ambiguous rallying cry. After all, by saying it was only the beginning, he was suggesting that there could be worse to come.

During this hard and scary time, when our students need their teachers the most, suddenly they can’t be there in person. Here are some ways teacher Justin Minkel has found to keep that connection virtually.

FOOTBALLERS are performers, we all know that. But can they tackle a film script? Can they find the head space to turn out a tricky line on a crowded set? And what of football managers? Can they take to acting? We’ve long believed them to have the ego of an oligarch and to make the demands of a dictator. Does any of this suggest those born to kick balls around a park can turn their hand to thespianism?

NEIL Mackay (“Johnson? Sturgeon? When it comes to coronavirus they are both the same”, The Herald, May 5) lambasts Nicola Sturgeon and Boris Johnson for both taking an almost identical approach in their fight against Covid-19, somehow implying that this is in itself a fault.

YOU report (HeraldScotland, May 5) that Professor Neil Ferguson, one of the UK government’s key advisers on the current lockdown restrictions, has resigned after breaching the government (and his own) strong advice on the need for social distancing.

Frozen II ices out the competition and skates to the top of the list.

Military bases are providing more support and resources for the growing number of military families who are choosing to home school their children.

The film is the first from the James Patterson book series about a middle school student dealing with school rules that don't always make sense.

The grassroots programme of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Federation has been given special recognition during an ceremony hosted by the Bosnian Olympic Committee.

Chlamydia testing among adolescents and young women without symptoms is recommended by the US Preventive Services Task Force, but only approximately one-half of eligible young women presenting for health care are screened appropriately.

Our work indicates that providers screen young women for chlamydia differentially according to patient age, race/ethnicity, insurance status, and sexual health history. Biases in chlamydia screening may contribute to higher reported rates of chlamydia among minority and poor young women. (Read the full article)

Lactoferrin is a glycoprotein with anti-infective activities being part of the innate defensive network. Bovine and human lactoferrin share high homology. Bovine lactoferrin can prevent late-onset sepsis in preterm very low birth weight neonates.

In preterm very low birth weight infants, bovine lactoferrin is able to prevent not only late-onset sepsis but also systemic fungal infections. This protection is achieved independently from their colonization status. (Read the full article)

Human rhinovirus infections are common in children. Although historically associated with upper respiratory tract illness, rhinoviruses are increasingly recognized for their role in the exacerbation of asthma. Their role in bronchiolitis and severe lung disease in premature infants is unclear.

The authors of this study prospectively explore the role of rhinoviruses in premature infants using molecular techniques and identify these agents as the most frequent cause of hospitalization in this population. (Read the full article)

Some studies reveal an association between exposure to alcohol consumption in movies and youth drinking, but the evidence is sparse.

Exposure to alcohol consumption in movies is associated with youth binge drinking, is little influenced by cultural differences between countries (Germany, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, and Scotland), and is specific to movie alcohol, not movie smoking, depictions. (Read the full article)

Information on infant safety after exposure to maternal antiretroviral regimens during pregnancy in international clinical trials is lacking. As antiretroviral drugs are released to populations in resource-limited settings through clinical trials, it becomes critical to collect pediatric outcome data.

The study demonstrates the feasibility of reporting infant outcomes following adult antiretroviral trials in developing countries, provides HIV-free infant survival and prospective growth data in association with maternal parameters, and details morbidity, mortality, and genetic defects following maternal antiretroviral exposure. (Read the full article)

Providers who speak Spanish, regardless of their proficiency level, may use Spanish for clinical care without seeking professional interpretation. Failure to use professional interpretation increases the risk for miscommunication and can lead to patient harm.

Providing residents with objective feedback on Spanish language proficiency decreased willingness to use Spanish in straightforward clinical scenarios. Language proficiency testing, coupled with institutional policies requiring professional interpretation, may improve care for patients with limited English proficiency. (Read the full article)

This research presents the first 2 experimental studies on the short-term effects of smoking portrayal in movies on children’s beliefs about smoking.

Exposure to movie smoking from cartoon and family-oriented movies had no effect on implicit associations toward smoking. For smoking beliefs, effects were again small and only statistically significant for social norms regarding smoking. (Read the full article)

The US Surgeon General has determined that the relationship between movie smoking exposure (MSE) and youth smoking is causal; however, it is not known whether movie rating influences how adolescents respond.

The response to PG-13–rated MSE was indistinguishable from R-rated MSE. An R rating for smoking could reduce smoking onset in the United States by 18% (by eliminating PG-13 MSE), an effect similar to making all parents maximally authoritative in their parenting. (Read the full article)

Computerized provider order entry (CPOE) has been recognized to enhance the efficiency, safety, and quality of medical work. Yet vendors and organizations have not determined best practices for customizations, resulting in systems that have poor usability and unintended consequences of use.

This study demonstrated that systematically developed order sets reduce cognitive workload and order variation in the context of improved system usability and guideline adherence. The concept of cognitive workload reduction is novel in the setting of computer order entry. (Read the full article)

There is evidence from both developed and developing countries that antiretroviral treatment significantly reduces mortality in HIV-infected children. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, numerous health system, financial, and human resource obstacles make delivering quality pediatric HIV care a challenge.

We describe the experience of the Baylor International Pediatrics AIDS Initiative in Malawi, Lesotho, and Swaziland. Despite challenges delivering pediatric treatment in these countries, mortality and clinical outcomes approaching those from developed countries are feasible. (Read the full article)

Heart rate continues to be the single most important indicator of well-being in a newborn. Availability of a reliable method to determine heart rate in the first minute would help determine resuscitation interventions, particularly for the extremely premature infant.

Electrocardiograms can provide a reliable, continuous heart rate in the most premature infants in the first minute of resuscitation compared with pulse oximeters. (Read the full article)

Previous studies have revealed misconceptions among pediatric patients, their families, and athletic coaches surrounding concussion. Little is known about pediatric primary care and emergency medicine providers’ attitudes and beliefs about diagnosis and management of this mild traumatic brain injury.

Although pediatric primary care and emergency medicine providers regularly care for concussion patients and value their role in management, they may not have adequate training or infrastructure to systematically diagnose and manage these patients. (Read the full article)

Some children with gastroenteritis fail to respond to oral rehydration. Subsequent interventions are dictated by regional preference. In North America, nasogastric rehydration is rarely administered. Caregiver and health care providers’ perspectives regarding its use have not been described previously.

Both caregivers and health care providers would select intravenous rehydration instead of nasogastric rehydration when oral rehydration fails. Greater knowledge mobilization efforts will be required for nasogastric rehydration to be adopted into clinical practice. (Read the full article)

Expectations are high that electronic health record–based clinical decision support and performance feedback will improve adherence to guidelines by delivering relevant and actionable information to clinicians. Few studies have evaluated these assertions or examined the combined effects of decision support and feedback.

Clinical decision support customized to a patient’s history and presentation and performance feedback are both effective for improving adherence to guidelines for otitis media. However, the combination of the 2 interventions is no better than either delivered alone. (Read the full article)

Health care–associated infections cause considerable morbidity and mortality among hospitalized children. Simple barrier precautions such as universal gloving of health care workers’ hands may reduce transmission of infectious agents between patients.

Mandatory use of gloves during respiratory syncytial virus season in pediatric units prevented other health care–associated infections such as central line–associated bloodstream infections, particularly in intensive care settings. These secondary benefits suggest continuing mandatory gloving throughout the year. (Read the full article)

Health care professionals face problems managing obesity and often fail to follow guidelines for its management in practice. Only a few single-country reports are available describing delivery of primary care to children with obesity.

Nearly all primary pediatric care providers from 4 European countries recognize the importance of obesity in pediatric practice, but only half use BMI clinically, and many lack the confidence and the infrastructure needed for providing care to patients with obesity. (Read the full article)

Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) was identified as an important cause of "severe" hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) during the 2011–2012 outbreak in North America. The atypical cutaneous features in this outbreak have not been well documented.

The cutaneous manifestations of CVA6-associated HFMD may be more extensive and variable than classic HFMD. Four distinct morphologies characterize this exanthem: (1) widespread vesiculobullous and erosive lesions, (2) "eczema coxsackium," (3) an eruption similar to Gianotti-Crosti, and (4) purpuric lesions. (Read the full article)

As more children with sickle cell disease survive into adulthood, they are increasingly hospitalized in both children’s and general hospitals and managed by different provider specialists. But it is unknown if hospital type and provider specialty affect patient outcomes.

Using a large national administrative dataset, this study revealed that general hospitals were associated with higher rates of intubation and longer lengths of stay compared with children’s hospitals for adolescents and young adults with SCD admitted with acute chest syndrome. (Read the full article)

An increasing number of parents have concerns about childhood vaccines. Parents consistently cite their child’s provider as influential in their vaccine decision-making. Little is known about how providers communicate with parents about vaccines and which communication strategies are important.

How providers initiate the vaccine recommendation at health supervision visits appears to be an important determinant of parent resistance. Also, when providers pursue their original vaccine recommendations in the face of parental resistance, many parents subsequently agree to vaccination. (Read the full article)

Previous research has shown the following: the mere presence of weapons can increase aggression, dubbed the "weapons effect"; violence in films has increased over time; and violent films can increase aggression.

This study examines a potential source of the "weapons effect": the presence of guns in films. In just 20 years, gun violence in PG-13 films (age 13+) has increased from the level in films rated G/PG to the point where it exceeds the level in R films. (Read the full article)

Human rhinovirus has been known as the common cold agent. Recently, studies have reported that this virus is responsible for severe infections of the lower respiratory tract in children. Reports of factors that increase disease severity have been contradictory.

This study identifies some of the factors involved in disease severity in HRV infections in children. We expect that children at risk for developing severe disease could be identified sooner and appropriate measures could be taken. (Read the full article)

Several experimental and observational studies reveal an association between exposure to alcohol consumption in movies and youth drinking, but little is known about the effect of such exposure on drinking onset among low-risk adolescents.

In a longitudinal study, exposure to alcohol consumption in movies was associated with drinking initiation in a sample of adolescents from 6 European countries who had never drunk alcohol and were attitudinally nonsusceptible to future use at the time of exposure. (Read the full article)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that health departments in all 50 states deliver AFIX (Assessment, Feedback, Incentives, and eXchange) consultations to 25% of federally funded vaccine providers each year. AFIX effectively raises vaccination coverage among young children.

AFIX consultations achieved short-term gains in coverage for 11- to 12-year-olds for vaccines in the adolescent platform. No gains occurred for older adolescents or over the long term. Consultations were equally effective when delivered in-person or by webinar. (Read the full article)